CN106601219B - Musical instrument playing music by using plants and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a musical instrument for playing music with plants, comprising: a plant pot planted with plants interacting with people; a detection module connected to the ground-insulated plants for detecting changes in electrical signals generated by people touching different positions of the plants; The control chip is used to output electrical signals to the detection module, and generate different audio control signals according to changes in the electrical signals; the audio playback module is used to receive the audio control signals output by the control chip due to people touching different positions of plants. signal, and output sounds of different frequencies; the power supply module is used to provide operating voltage for the control chip and the audio playback module; the invention also discloses a control method of a musical instrument that uses plants to play music; the invention can create music by touching plants The brand-new human-computer interaction experience, touching different parts of plants can emit sounds of different frequencies, which opens a new door for artists to explore new music forms and create.

Description

A musical instrument playing music with plants and its control method

technical field

The invention relates to human-computer interaction technology, in particular to a musical instrument for playing music with plants and a control method thereof.

Background technique

The application of capacitive touch sensing technology in electronic musical instruments has been very mature. The patent document with the notification number CN105161088A discloses a capacitive touch-based detection device, an electronic musical instrument vibration detection system and method, and provides a capacitive touch-based detection device, an electronic musical instrument vibration detection system and a method. It includes: a metal plate for realizing capacitive touch; a capacitance measuring module for measuring capacitance on the metal plate; a knock judging module for judging whether there is a knock according to the capacitance value. Obtain the capacitance value in real time, and compare and judge the obtained capacitance value; if the current capacitance value is greater than the threshold and the last capacitance value is less than the threshold, it will be judged as triggering the sound-on event; if the current capacitance value is less than the threshold and the last capacitance value is greater than the threshold, it will be judged To trigger the sound off event. The invention uses a detection device based on capacitive touch to judge whether there is knocking on the electronic musical instrument, so as to eliminate crosstalk, improve sound quality, simple structure, convenient operation, and bring better economic benefits to enterprises. However, this invention must rely on a metal plate as an interactive carrier, and cannot be applied to living organisms such as plants, which has considerable limitations.

Swept frequency capacitive sensing technology SFCS (Swept frequency capacitive sensing) is a new generation of touch sensing technology. The technology can turn almost any object into a device that is sensitive to human touch and requires only a single wire to work. It can sense multiple frequencies emitted by body parts, and then analyze what kind of way or action the user is touching, such as with fingers or arms, and it can help the computer "snoop" on what the user is doing. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Pages 483-492, 2012. "Touché: Enhancing Touch Interaction on Humans, Screens, Liquids, and Everyday Objects" and CHI'10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing ing Systems, Pages 4135- 4140. This technology is introduced in detail in "Sensing Human Activities With ResonantTuning". In a typical capacitive sensor, an electrical signal of a fixed frequency will be applied to a conductive element. When a person touches the element, the properties of the electrical signal will change, enabling detection of human touch. The principle of SFCS is the same as that of capacitive touch sensors. It can detect the capacitance when touched, and can directly detect the change of voltage. Different from traditional technology, SFCS can detect the amplitude value in a large bandwidth of several MHz, that is, the change of frequency spectrum. When a person touches the component, the property changes of the electrical signals at each frequency caused by different touch actions are different. The sensor will monitor the property changes of all frequency electrical signals in this range, so it can not only identify whether a touch occurs , to better recognize how it was touched. This technology is innovative. It breaks through the weakness of the previous capacitive touch sensor, which is relatively expensive and can perceive limited information. It allows the computer to perceive the touch behavior of most objects in daily life. If this technology is widely used in the future, the keyboard, mouse and even the previous touch screen may no longer be needed. However, this technology also has limitations. For example, the human touch action needs to be preset in advance, there are great difficulties in the accuracy and stability, the application scene is not clear enough, and it is difficult to identify which part of the object is touched by the person.

Plant electrical signal is an important plant physiological signal related to plant physiological process and the transmission of information in the body. It is the response of plants to the stimulation of environmental changes. With the development of modern weak signal detection and processing technology and the wide application of computer information collection technology in agriculture, the extraction and analysis of plant weak electrical signals will become more feasible and scientific. At present, there are relatively mature technologies for the collection of plant electrical signals. For example, the patent literature with the notification number CN101021518 discloses a method for detecting electrical signals of plants in a greenhouse and special equipment thereof, which uses non-polarized electrodes as reference electrodes and measuring electrodes, and uses an electrode connection device to connect the electrodes and the electrodes to be measured. The plant stems or leaves are connected without loss, and the input impedance is greater than 1012Ω Impedance transformers are respectively connected to the output terminals of the electrodes, and the signal output terminals of each impedance transformer are connected to the preamplifier, and the signal output by the preamplifier is converted by a voltage current The device converts the electrical signal into a current signal and sends it to the signal processing device for processing. It can monitor the change of the electrical signal of the plant in the greenhouse for a long time without damage, and process the detected weak electrical signal of the plant to separate the signal from the noise. When using a certain algorithm, it can calculate and give the main factors that lead to the change of plant electrical signals, which provides a prerequisite for the transformation of plant electrical signal detection from laboratory research to production.

Another example is that the patent document with the publication number CN102305888 discloses a device for collecting and processing the distribution of plant electricity and the law of environmental changes. The received data is transmitted to the wireless transceiver module of the GPRS or EVDO module, and the data is transmitted to the GPRS or EVDO module of the detection center through the public wireless network to receive the data, and the received data is sent to the computer through the interface for data storage and processing, which can be used in various Measure the change of plant electricity under complex conditions.

In order to improve the fun of life, some researchers have developed an interactive device between humans and plants based on capacitive touch sensing technology combined with plant electrical signals. The patent document with the notification number CN 203773942 discloses a plant interactive device and system. The plant interaction device includes: a detection module, which is used to connect plants or fruits and vegetables insulated from the ground, so that it forms an RC oscillation circuit due to the touch between the human body and the plants or fruits and vegetables; a control chip, which is used to output pulse signals to the detection Module, and according to the charging and discharging time of the RC oscillating circuit, judge whether the human body touches the plants or fruits and vegetables; the audio playback module is used to receive the output of the control chip due to the judgment that the human body touches the plants or fruits and vegetables. After the control signal, an audio signal is output; the power module is used to provide working voltage for the control chip and the audio playback module. By detecting whether the human body is in contact with plants or fruits and vegetables as a switch signal of the audio playback module, the playback effect is realized, and the plants or fruits and vegetables are used as "switches", which improves the user's interest in use. However, this invention can only recognize that the user has touched the plant, but cannot identify the touched part, let alone associate the part with the pitch, and the experience that can be brought to the user is limited.

Another example is the patent document of the announcement number CN 204759418, which discloses an ecological plant interactive device based on distributed capacitive sensing technology, including a soil tank and a control tank, the control tank is buckled inside the soil tank, and there is a Distributed capacitance detection probe, the control board, battery, speaker, charging port and indicator light are arranged in the control slot, and the battery, speaker, charging port and indicator light are respectively connected to the control board Above, the speaker is fixed at the bottom of the control slot, and the indicator light and charging port are fixed on the left and right sides of the control board. The device senses changes in the capacitance of plants to the ground, and through analysis, distinguishes whether it is human touch, watering, or environmental changes, and responds in the form of light and sound; and feeds back the touch of one plant to another through the Internet. Plants; the structure of the device is simple and practical, the volume is small and does not take up space, and the internal space of the device is fully utilized for setting multiple modules and is easy to assemble.

However, the plant interactive device in the prior art only senses touch and emits sound or light, which can only increase interest, but cannot be used as a musical instrument to play music.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a musical instrument for playing music with plants, which can perform music performance by touching the plants, thereby enriching music creation and music enlightenment methods.

A musical instrument played with plants, including:

Plant pots, planted with plants that interact with people;

The detection module is connected to the ground-insulated plant to detect the electrical signal changes generated by people touching different positions of the plant;

A control chip, configured to output electrical signals to the detection module, and generate different audio control signals according to changes in the electrical signals;

The audio playback module is used to receive the audio control signals output by the control chip due to people touching different positions of the plants, and output sounds of different frequencies;

The power supply module is used to provide working voltage for the control chip and the audio playback module.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a musical instrument and method for playing music through plants in view of the limitations of the current musical instrument production technology, touch sensing technology, and plant electrical collection and monitoring technology.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the novel plant musical instrument for playing music is a cylindrical plant pot structure with drainage holes, the upper container of the plant pot is used to hold soil and plant plants, and the bottom of the plant pot is used to To accommodate the electronic module, the partition separates the upper and lower parts to prevent the electronic module from being damaged. There is a cylindrical hollow drain structure in the center of the lower part of the plant pot to discharge excess water in the soil. The lower part of the plant pot mainly includes a plant electric signal sensor (detection module), a single-chip microcomputer (control chip), a battery pack (power supply module) and a sounding device (audio playback module). As a plant electrical signal sensor, the detection module consists of a series of capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes and wires. In order to reduce the volume and facilitate installation, the plant electrical signal sensor uses a small independent standard printed circuit board (PCB); the plant After the two wires of the electric signal sensor are grounded and connected to the root of the plant (or inserted into the soil near the plant), the plant electric signal sensor will add a series of alternating currents within a certain frequency range to the circuit. The amplitude of the alternating current at each frequency changes when different parts of the plant. It uses the swept frequency capacitive touch sensing technology (SFCS) to collect the electrical signal change data caused by people touching different parts of the plant, and transmits the data to the microcontroller. The control chip can use UNO R3, which is widely used in Arduino series, as the controller.

In order to realize that plants touching different positions generate different electrical signals (the amplitude of the alternating current changes), preferably, the detection module includes:

The first resistor, one end is connected to the signal output end of the control chip;

The second resistor is grounded after connecting the other end of the first resistor;

An inductor connected to the other end of the first resistor;

The first capacitor, one end is connected to the other end of the inductor, and the other end is used as the detection end to connect to the plant;

Switching diode, one end is connected to the other end of the inductor, and the other end is connected to the input end of the control chip;

An RC circuit, composed of a third resistor and a second capacitor, is connected to the other end of the switching diode.

In order to facilitate the connection of the detection module to the plant, preferably, the detection end of the first capacitor adopts an electrode sheet. The connection is made by simply inserting the electrode pads into the soil where the plant is located.

In order to reduce the volume of the musical instrument and facilitate its use, preferably, the power module is composed of multiple dry batteries. The dry cell is small in size and easy to replace. The cover of the power module is located on the wall of the plant pot for easy battery replacement.

The audio playback module is a music output device, which is very cheap and convenient. It can be coded by Arduino to control the frequency of the sound and produce different tones. Preferably, the audio playback module uses a buzzer. At this moment, the audio playing module plays a single tone, that is, touches a position to emit an audio sound, so that it can be used as a musical instrument. The audio playback module can be selected according to the scope of use. If it is for music enlightenment for children, different songs can be played according to the change of the electrical signal, that is, different songs can be played when touching different positions of the plant. The audio player is located on the wall of the plant pot, and its surface has a waterproof layer to isolate the damage to the module caused by water vapor caused by watering.

Preferably, the interior of the plant pot is divided into upper and lower layers by partitions, and the detection module, control chip, audio playback module and power module are all installed in the lower space. The plant pot containing the electronic module is integrated with the plant. From the outside, the whole instrument does not have a single wire, which does not bring a cold sense of technology, but a very high emotional experience instead.

At the same time, in order to facilitate the drainage of the upper layer, preferably, the middle part of the partition is provided with a drain, and the drain is connected with a drain pipe passing through the lower space of the plant pot.

The present invention also provides a method for controlling a musical instrument played with plants, using the above-mentioned musical instrument, comprising the following steps:

(1) Variable initialization;

(2) the control chip outputs an electrical signal to the detection module;

(3) Define the position where the person touches the plant for the first time as a standard position, and control the audio playback module to send a standard sound by the audio control signal generated at this time;

(4) When a person touches another position of the plant later, the detection module detects the position deviation between the current touch position and the standard position, and the control chip generates an audio control signal according to the position deviation to control the audio playback module to emit the current position of the deviation standard sound. volume.

The control method of the present invention determines the standard position and the standard sound through the first touch, and then determines the deviation of the pronunciation through the touch offset. When the person touches the plant for the first time, the standard sound is produced, and then the offset between the pitch and the standard sound is determined according to the offset of the part of the plant touched by the person. Defects.

The control chip will analyze a series of data monitored by the detection module, traverse the alternating current on all frequencies to find the current frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude as the characteristic value, and judge the different parts touched by the person; The current frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude when touching the plant is used as the current frequency corresponding to the standard sound, and the physical position offset between the part where the person touches the plant again and the first touch will be converted into the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude. The deviation of the current frequency is then expressed as a deviation of the sound frequency from the standard tone. That is, the detection module controls the sound generating device to emit a sound with a certain pitch at the moment of human touch, and corresponds the pitch to the touched part, so as to realize the performance of the musical instrument.

In order to improve the stability of human touch behavior recognition, preferably, only when the offset between the current frequencies corresponding to the two detected maximum amplitudes exceeds the set threshold, it is possible to define a new touch behavior conditions, which reduces the impact of current fluctuations caused by system instability; on the other hand, when detecting the current frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude, the final detection result is the average value of multiple measurements in a short period of time, this The time is so short that a person cannot complete two touches.

In order to improve the accuracy and precision of the measurement module, preferably, the detection module adopts frequency-sweeping capacitive touch sensing technology to collect electrical signal changes caused by people touching different positions of the plant. The invention applies the frequency-sweeping capacitive sensing technology to plants, which can not only recognize that a person has touched the plant, but also correspond the part touched by the person to the pitch.

The sound of a musical instrument generally has a gradual change. Preferably, in step (4), the offset of the current volume relative to the standard tone is positively correlated with the position offset.

In order to improve the practicability of the present invention, preferably, the frequency of the standard tone is 440 Hz.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention: firstly, the prior art only regards the plant as an audio "switch", uses the timer in the controller to monitor the charging and discharging time of the circuit and compares it with the preset value to determine whether the user has touched the plant , and the present invention judges the part where a person touches a plant by sampling the amplitudes of currents with different frequencies, and then comparing the frequency of the maximum amplitude current; secondly, the circuit of this invention determines that the frequency of its controller is fixed by hardware, And the scanning frequency of the controller of the present invention is set by the program; moreover, with the difference of playing the set audio frequency when touching the plant in the present invention, the present invention will select The corresponding audio is played.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention proposes a device and method for playing music by using plants to realize a new human-computer interaction experience in which people create music by touching plants. Touching different parts of plants can emit sounds of different frequencies, exploring new music forms for artists and performing Creation opens a new door.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of musical instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the control circuit of the musical instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the musical instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the plant music control method of the present invention.

In the picture:

1: Plant, 2: Soil, 3: Plant pot drain, 4: Partition, 5: Wire, 6: Battery pack, 7: Electrode sheet, 8: Electrical signal sensor, 9: Wire, 10: Buzzer and its Surface waterproof layer, 11: wires, 12: Arduino Uno microcontroller, 13 wires.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the musical instrument of playing music with plants of the present embodiment comprises: lead 5, battery pack 6, electrode sheet 7, plant electrical signal sensor 8 (detection module), lead 9, buzzer and its surface waterproof layer 10, Wire 11, Arduino Uno MCU 12, wire 13. The musical instrument is a cylindrical plant pot structure, the upper container of the plant pot is used to hold soil and plant plants, and the lower part of the plant pot is used to accommodate the electronic module, and the partition 4 separates the upper and lower parts to avoid the electronic module. Damaged, the plant pot drainage pipe 3 is a cylindrical hollow structure located in the center of the lower part. The battery pack 6 is composed of a number of batteries and a cover. The cover can be opened from the outside to put in the battery. The wire 5 connects the battery pack 6 to the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12. The wire 13 connected to the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12 should be connected to the ground. At the same time, the plant electrical signal sensor 8 above it is connected through the wire 10, the plant electrical signal sensor 8 is connected to the soil 2 with the plant 1 through the electrode sheet 7, and the buzzer and its surface waterproof layer 10 are connected to the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12 through the wire 11. , The buzzer is located on the wall of the plant pot, and the surface waterproof layer isolates it from the outside air and water vapor.

As shown in Figure 2, the Arduino Uno single-chip microcomputer 12 in the circuit schematic diagram of the musical instrument of the present embodiment selects the relatively widely used UNO R3 of the Arduino series as the controller, and the b end of the buzzer 10 is connected to the Digital of the Arduino Uno single-chip microcomputer 12 single-chip microcomputer 12. 8 ports, the a end of the buzzer 10 is grounded. The Digital 9 port of the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12 is connected to the a terminal of the resistor R1 as a pulse signal generator, and the b terminal of R1 is connected to the ground through the resistor R2 (Note: The ground here includes the ground terminal of the power jack, the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12 The GND terminal of the detected plant, and the GROUND of the detected plant, the ground terminal above should also be connected together), the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 provide the function of voltage division, so that the subsequent signal is at an appropriate amplitude. Terminal b of R1 is connected to terminal a of capacitor C2 through inductor L1, and terminal b of capacitor C2 is the plant detection terminal (PLANT). LC circuits have filtering properties. There is a small high-speed switching diode D1 at the b end of the inductor L1, and the b end of D1 is connected to an RC circuit composed of a capacitor C1 and a resistor R3. The resistor R3 is equivalent to a load, and the capacitor C1 connected in parallel with it is used to filter out high frequency clutter to get a better waveform. The b terminal of the capacitor C2 is connected to the electrode sheet directly to the GROUND (soil) where people and plants are located. The b end of D1 is also connected to the analog input terminal A0 of the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12, and the analog input terminal A0 transmits the collected signal to the Arduino Uno microcontroller 12 for processing.

As shown in Figure 3, the working principle of the musical instrument of this embodiment is: the battery pack 6 is used as a power supply to supply power to the entire system, and the alternating current of a certain frequency range is generated under the control of the Arduino Uno single-chip microcomputer 12, and is connected to the ground and the plant electrical signal sensor 8 The plant electrical signal sensor 8 is connected to the plant through the electrode sheet 7. When a person touches a plant, because both the person and the plant conduct electricity, a capacitance is formed between the two, and the frequency and amplitude of the original electrical signal will change. When people touch different parts of plants, their own electrical properties will be different, which will cause changes in the amplitude of the current at different frequencies. These data are collected by the plant electrical signal sensor 8 and then entered into the Arduino Uno single-chip microcomputer 12 for processing. Finally, the Arduino Uno single-chip microcomputer 12 will be based on The touched part controls the buzzer 10 to emit sounds of different frequencies.

As shown in Figure 4, the program flow of the musical instrument of this embodiment performing plant music includes the following steps:

(1) Variable initialization, Arduino Uno microcontroller 12 generates a series of alternating currents at the basic frequency (Hz) in the circuit connected to the plant through control instructions, and detects the amplitude of alternating currents of all frequencies within this frequency range ( V), and then traverse to find the frequency x corresponding to the maximum alternating current amplitude;

(2) judge whether this is the first detection: if no, enter step (3), if yes then enter step (8);

(3) Determine whether the offset between the frequency x corresponding to the maximum alternating current amplitude detected this time and the value z detected last time exceeds the threshold (100Hz, which can be modified manually): if yes, enter the step (4), if otherwise go to step (8);

(4) Judging whether there is a new touch action defined in the last detection: if otherwise, enter step (6), if yes, enter step (8);

(5) Define a new touch action;

(6) After defining a new touch action, judge the standard sound (the international standard height is the a sound that vibrates 440 times per second, that is, a group of small characters is the "standard sound", and the standard sound can also be Set according to needs) whether the corresponding current frequency variable y has been assigned;

If not, the frequency x corresponding to the currently detected maximum current amplitude is assigned to the variable y, and the sound vibration frequency t is determined to be a standard tone;

If so, compare the current frequency variable y corresponding to the standard tone with the current frequency x corresponding to the maximum alternating current amplitude detected at present, so as to determine the size of the sound vibration frequency t; the farther x deviates from y, the t The farther the deviation from the standard audio frequency 440Hz;

(7) Command the buzzer to emit a sound with frequency t.

(8) Determine whether a new touch action has not been defined for a long time, if yes, end the program, if not, then the program jumps back to the "variable initialization" of step (1) and continues to execute.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify the equivalent of equivalent changes. Example. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A musical instrument for playing music with plants, characterized in that it comprises: Plant pots, planted with plants that interact with people; The detection module is connected to the ground-insulated plant to detect the electrical signal changes generated by people touching different positions of the plant; A control chip, configured to output electrical signals to the detection module, and generate different audio control signals according to changes in the electrical signals; The audio playback module is used to receive the audio control signals output by the control chip due to people touching different positions of the plants, and output sounds of different frequencies; The power supply module is used to provide working voltage for the control chip and the audio playback module; The detection module includes: a first resistor, one end of which is connected to the signal output end of the control chip; a second resistor, connected to the other end of the first resistor and then grounded; an inductor, connected to the other end of the first resistor; a first capacitor, one end connected to The other end of the inductance is connected to the plant as the detection end; the switch diode is connected to the other end of the inductance, and the other end is connected to the input end of the control chip; the RC circuit is composed of the third resistor and the second capacitor, connected to the switch diode another side; The control method of the musical instrument comprises the following steps: (1) Variable initialization; (2) The control chip outputs electrical signals to the detection module; wherein, the detection module adopts frequency-sweeping capacitive touch sensing technology to collect electrical signal changes caused by people touching different positions of plants; (3) Define the position where the person touches the plant for the first time as a standard position, and control the audio playback module to send a standard sound by the audio control signal generated at this time; (4) When a person touches another position of the plant later, the detection module detects the position deviation between the current touch position and the standard position, and the control chip generates an audio control signal according to the position deviation to control the audio playback module to emit the current position of the deviation standard sound. volume; Wherein, the offset of the current volume relative to the standard tone is positively correlated with the position offset, and the frequency of the standard tone is 440 Hz. 2. The musical instrument for playing music with plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, the detection end of the first capacitance adopts an electrode sheet. 3. The musical instrument for playing music with plants as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the power module is composed of multiple dry batteries. 4. The musical instrument for playing music with plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the audio playback module adopts a buzzer.

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