CN106598268B - Text entry method and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Text entry method and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106598268B CN106598268B CN201610989679.0A CN201610989679A CN106598268B CN 106598268 B CN106598268 B CN 106598268B CN 201610989679 A CN201610989679 A CN 201610989679A CN 106598268 B CN106598268 B CN 106598268B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/02—Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
- G06F3/023—Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
- G06F3/0233—Character input methods
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Abstract
提供了基于一维输入信号进行文本输入的方法和电子设备，电子设备具有可操作来显示光标和软键盘的显示器，所述软键盘上包括字母键，所述方法可以包括：在软键盘上同时显示多个光标，多个光标定位在软键盘上的多个键上；响应于用户的控制光标移动动作，使所述多个光标在软键盘的按键上移动；响应于用户的确认选择操作，所有被光标选中的按键同时被选择；基于用户所连续选择的按键，在显示器上显示候选单词；基于用户选择确定候选单词，实现对单词的输入。利用根据本发明实施例的基于一维输入信号的多光标文本输入方法，能够显著降低用户输入需要移动的距离，提高输入速度和效率。
Provided are a method and electronic device for text input based on a one-dimensional input signal, the electronic device having a display operable to display a cursor and a soft keyboard, the soft keyboard including alphabetic keys, the method may include: simultaneously on the soft keyboard Displaying a plurality of cursors, the plurality of cursors are positioned on a plurality of keys on the soft keyboard; in response to the user's control cursor movement action, the plurality of cursors are moved on the keys of the soft keyboard; in response to the user's confirmation selection operation, All the keys selected by the cursor are simultaneously selected; based on the keys continuously selected by the user, the candidate words are displayed on the display; the candidate words are determined based on the user's selection, and the input of the words is realized. By using the multi-cursor text input method based on a one-dimensional input signal according to the embodiment of the present invention, the distance that the user needs to move for input can be significantly reduced, and the input speed and efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to one-dimensional text entry method, more particularly to one-dimensional text entry method and has in this way
Text entry technique electronic equipment.
Background technique
In recent years, with the emergence of novel interactive device and scene, people are in the enterprising style of writing sheet of these new equipment
The demand of input is also increasingly strong.But these smart machines often due to its physical aspect limitation so that mainstream at present
Physical keyboard or dummy keyboard text entry technique can not be grafted directly in these platforms and equipment.For example, in smartwatch
On, it, can be due to finger itself when directly carrying out touching interactive using the touch screen of wrist-watch due to the screen size very little for display
Block cause input inaccuracy and to display content block.On intelligent glasses, since screen is in drawing axis, Yong Huwu
Method carries out touch interaction directly on eyeglass.On onboard system, since the main input medium of user is knob, so can not
Carry out efficient two-dimensional localization operation.
Summary of the invention
As can be seen that traditional physical keyboard or dummy keyboard technology, require that user needs on a two-dimensional surface
On inputted, pass through obtain user's drop point position carry out text input.And in these above-mentioned confined surfaces, user is defeated
The signal entered can not be mapped directly as two-dimensional coordinate.Its essence is, is limited in input scene at these, the letter that user generates
It number is one-dimensional.For example, it is an anchor ring that user, which can be carried out and touch the range of interaction, and input signal is in Intelligent bracelet
Angle position of the contact on annulus；On intelligent glasses (such as Google Glass), the region that user can input is temple
On strip region, the signal of input is front-rear position of the contact in temple；In onboard system (such as BMW
IDrive system) on, the medium of user's input is knob, and input signal is the angle of knob rotation.For these novel texts
This input scene needs to design the text input mode based on one-dimensional input signal, to realize efficient, convenient and fast text input body
It tests.
Relative to traditional full keyboard text input mode, the text entry technique based on one-dimensional input signal sequence has
The following advantage: on smartwatch, user can by touch dial plate side, or by way of rotating watch rim into
Row interaction.This mode effectively prevents finger itself and blocks to screen content, while being helped by way of touch feedback
User generates and more accurately enters signal.On intelligent glasses, user can be carried out by way of touching on leg of spectacles
Interaction, usually the mode of contact lenses is close with people for this, and interactive mode very regards eyes naturally, also avoiding hand simultaneously
Line blocks.On onboard system, user can carry out natural one-dimensional positioning and selection operation by using knob.
For the scene of one-dimensional text input, there is a crucial problem, exactly reduces people and input institute on one-dimensional interface
The moving distance needed.In only one existing input light target, user farthest needs the left end from input area
It is moved to right end.
In order to solve this problem, according to the invention it is proposed that the text entry technique based on one-dimensional input signal, wherein
Using the technology of more cursors, to reduce the distance moved required for user.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided it is a kind of for portable electronic device be based on one-dimensional input signal into
The method of row text input, the electronic equipment have the display for being operable to display highlighting and soft keyboard, the soft keyboard
Upper includes letter key, the method may include: on soft keyboard while showing that multiple cursors, multiple cursors are located in soft keyboard
On multiple keys on；In response to the control cursor movement action of user, move the multiple cursor on the key of soft keyboard；
In response to the confirmation selection operation of user, all keys chosen by cursor are selected simultaneously；It is continuously selected based on user
Key shows word candidate over the display；It selects to determine word candidate based on user, realizes the input to word.
Further, according to the above method, the electronic equipment can be smartwatch, and the display can be circle
Display, the letter key may be arranged to circular ring shape over the display and the control cursor movement action of user can be
Rotate dial plate.
Further, the above method can also include: the confirmation selection operation in response to user, be chosen all by cursor
Key simultaneously selected after, the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
Further, according to the above method, wherein according to the desired value of next step user's rotation distance, to determine subsequent quilt
The monogram for placing cursor, thus the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
Further, according to the above method, the desired value according to next step user's rotation distance, to determine subsequent quilt
If the monogram for placing cursor can also include: the letter that the identified subsequent monogram for being placed cursor leads to input
Breath amount is less than preassigned, then abandons the monogram.
Further, the above method can also include: and be inputted according to user, the probability that calculated for subsequent letter occurs, adjustment
The highlighted degree that respective keys are shown.
Further, according to the above method, wherein over the display, subalphbet key is spun upside down, so that all words
Female all user orienteds.
Further, according to the above method, on the display, the region within keyboard can be held round, and be used to
Show interactive information.
Further, according to the above method, the key continuously selected based on user shows candidate over the display
Word may include the target word probability for calculating user's input, wherein the signal for defining user's input is I,
Wherein N is the quantity of cursor, and n is the character quantity of input, IijIndicate that i-th of cursor is locating in jth time input
Key, and for each word W in dictionary, calculate
P(W|I)∝P(I|W)×P(W)
Wherein P (W/I) indicates that, in the case where input is I, user inputs the probability that target is word W, and P (I/W) is indicated
In the case where word is W, the input of user is the probability of I, and P (W) indicates the word frequency of word.
Further, according to the above method, wherein the quantity of cursor can be 2,3 or 4.
Further, according to the above method, using the not mode of adjust automatically cursor position, the number of cursor
Amount can be 4；Using the mode of adjust automatically cursor position, the quantity of cursor can be 3.
Further, according to the above method, wherein word candidate shown over the display may include the length of word
Greater than the word for the number that user makes a choice.
Further, according to the above method, the quantity of cursor can be by user setting or by machine learning come adaptive
It should be arranged.
Further, the above method can also include the first input according to user, and calculating each letter is subsequent input
The probability of target, and corresponding letter key is shown to highlight degree accordingly according to probability.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the electronics that text input can be carried out based on one-dimensional signal by providing one kind be set
It is standby, it may include: display, be operable to display highlighting and soft keyboard, the soft keyboard includes letter key；Input part is used
In the input action for receiving user, the input action includes the movement for generating one-dimensional signal；Controller and memory, memory
On be stored with computer executable instructions, when the computer executable instructions are when being executed by a controller, execute following methods:
Show that multiple cursors, multiple cursors are located on multiple keys on soft keyboard simultaneously on soft keyboard；In response to the control of user
Cursor movement action moves the multiple cursor on the key of soft keyboard；In response to the confirmation selection operation of user, own
It is selected simultaneously by the key that cursor is chosen；Based on the key that user continuously selects, word candidate is shown over the display；Base
It selects to determine word candidate in user, realizes the input to word.
Further, the electronic equipment can be smartwatch, and the display can be circular displays, the word
It can be stem disk that female key can be arranged to circular ring shape and the control cursor movement action of user over the display.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, the method can also include: the confirmation selection behaviour in response to user
Make, after all keys chosen by cursor are selected simultaneously, the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, wherein according to the desired value of next step user's rotation distance, after determining
The continuous monogram for being placed cursor, thus the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, the desired value according to next step user's rotation distance, after determining
Continuous, to be placed the monogram of cursor can also include: if that the identified subsequent monogram for being placed cursor causes to input
Information content be less than preassigned, then abandon the monogram.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, the method can also include: to be inputted according to user, calculated for subsequent word
The probability that mother occurs, the highlighted degree that adjustment respective keys are shown.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, wherein over the display, subalphbet key is spun upside down, so that institute
There are letter all user orienteds.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, on the display, the region within keyboard is held round, and is used to
Show interactive information.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, the key continuously selected based on user is shown over the display
Word candidate may include the following target word probability for calculating user's input:
The signal for defining user's input is I,
Wherein N is the quantity of cursor, and n is the character quantity of input, IijIndicate that i-th of cursor is locating in jth time input
Key calculate for each word W in dictionary
P(W|I)∝P(I|W)×P(W)
Wherein P (W/I) indicates that, in the case where input is I, user inputs the probability that target is word W, and P (I/W) is indicated
In the case where word is W, the input of user is the probability of I, and P (W) indicates the word frequency of word.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, the quantity of cursor can be 2,3 or 4.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, using the not mode of adjust automatically cursor position, cursor
Quantity can be 4；Using the mode of adjust automatically cursor position, the quantity of cursor can be 3.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, wherein word candidate shown over the display may include word
Length is greater than the word for the number that user makes a choice.
Further, according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, the quantity of cursor can by user setting or by machine learning come
Adaptive setting.
It further, can also include the first input according to user according to above-mentioned electronic equipment, calculating each letter is
The probability of subsequent input target, and corresponding letter key is shown to highlight degree accordingly according to probability.
Using more cursor text entry methods according to an embodiment of the present invention based on one-dimensional input signal, can significantly drop
Low user, which inputs, needs mobile distance, improves input speed and efficiency.
In addition, adjusting the position of cursor based on each letter input dynamic, moving distance can be further significantly reduced, is mentioned
High input efficiency.
Based on experiment and simulation, determine that obtaining is excellent with 2-4 for cursor quantity, wherein adjusting cursor position for dynamic
Scheme, cursor quantity 3 is preferred.Such cursor quantity, can obtain optimal input accuracy and user's moving distance it
Between compromise.
In addition, passing through experiment about designed method for automatically completing, it was confirmed that such method for automatically completing is easy
Learn for user and receive, input efficiency can be further increased.
Detailed description of the invention
From the detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawing to the embodiment of the present invention, these and/or other aspects of the invention and
Advantage will become clearer and be easier to understand, in which:
(a) of Fig. 1-(e) shows the defeated of the exemplary smartwatch for the text entry method for applying the embodiment of the present invention
Enter text process schematic.
Text is carried out for being based on one-dimensional input signal to portable electronic device Fig. 2 shows according to an embodiment of the present invention
The overview flow chart of the illustrative methods of this input.
Fig. 3 is shown adjusts the bright of each key as the probability P (C) of next letter according to each letter C in real time
The schematic diagram of degree.
Fig. 4 (a), (b), which schematically show the optimal result of putting when optimizing cursor dynamic adjustment position, to be caused to input
Information content it is too small and for this carry out special designing.
Fig. 5 show for whether need to carry out cursor dynamic adjustment and optimal cursor quantity simulated experiment
Result curve figure.
Fig. 6 (a) shows the column of user's input speed of 6 kinds of technologies (dynamic vs static cursor, 3 kinds of cursor quantity)
Figure.Fig. 6 (b) shows the histogram of user's error rate for input of 6 kinds of technologies.
Fig. 7 shows user for S-COMPASS input method and D-COMPASS input method, cursor number be respectively 2,
3,4 when, in the average score of three aspect of the perception velocities of user, perception accuracy rate and overall preference.
Fig. 8 is shown for S-COMPASS input method and D-COMPASS input method, is respectively 2,3,4 in cursor number
When, average each rotation distance DPR of user.
Fig. 9 shows the curve graph of input speed of 10 users at each block, and the black thick line in figure shows use
Family is averaged typing speed.
Figure 10 shows error rate (CER, Character Error Rate, letter of 10 users at each block
Error rate) and the vision response test that is counted for all users.
Figure 11 shows user's progress key-and turns dial plate (press-rotate) and point key-key (press-
Press the time) can be used to estimate the time that user's vision finds character late.
Figure 12 shows a users more for dynamic cursor method D-COMPASS in the average KSPC of each period block
Curve graph.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
Hereinafter, it will be described so that portable electronic device is smartwatch as an example, but it is of the invention based on one-dimensional
More cursor text input methods of input signal can also apply to other portable electronic devices, other portable electronic device examples
For example intelligent glasses, onboard system etc., as the temple for for example having intelligent glasses of one-dimensional input signal carrier, smartwatch
Crown, the knob etc. of onboard system.
(a) of Fig. 1-(e) shows the defeated of the exemplary smartwatch for the text entry method for applying the embodiment of the present invention
Enter text process schematic.Wherein, display is arranged on dial plate, and letter key is arranged as circular ring shape over the display.
In the example of fig. 1, on interface, 26 letters are lined up a circle according to lexicographic order by us.In order to
User is facilitated to recognize the letter below screen, we are spun upside down these letters of H to S, so that all letters all faces
To user.Under this scheme, the region within keyboard can also be held round, and can be used to show interactive other information (example
Such as carry out the program of text input).
(a) of Fig. 1-(e) is to demonstrate the process of one word " an " of input, and Fig. 1 (a) shows keyboard in initial bit
It sets, shows three cursors, respectively on B, I, S, user rotates watch rim to use a cursor alignment " a "；Fig. 1 (b) shows use
Family is selected " a " by the physical button of lower side, and after Fig. 1 (c) shows selection, keyboard has updated the position of cursor, due to
The latter cursor is updated on " n ", so user does not have to rotate, directly again taps on physical button；Fig. 1 (d) is shown
User long-pressing physical button, which enters, selects word mode；Fig. 1 (e) shows user and presses physical button to select " an ".
Text is carried out for being based on one-dimensional input signal to portable electronic device Fig. 2 shows according to an embodiment of the present invention
The overview flow chart of the illustrative methods of this input.Electronic equipment has the display for being operable to display highlighting and soft keyboard,
It include letter key on soft keyboard.
As previously mentioned, in this example, electronic equipment is smartwatch, display is placed on dial plate, and soft keyboard is arranged in
As shown in Fig. 2, showing that multiple cursors, multiple cursors are located in soft key simultaneously on soft keyboard in step S210
On multiple keys on disk.For example, show three cursors in (a) in Fig. 1, letter b is respectively fallen in, on I, S.
In step S220, in response to the control cursor movement action of user, make the multiple cursor soft keyboard by
It is moved on key.
For example, under Fig. 1 (a) state, user wants to input " an ", at this point, user turns counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 1 (a)-(d)
Dynamic dial plate, so that the former cursor on alphabetical " B " is moved to " A ".
In step S230, in response to the confirmation selection operation of user, all keys chosen by cursor are selected simultaneously.
For example, the physical button of dial plate side is pressed in response to user under Fig. 1 (b) state, at this point, having selected word
Female " A ", " H " and " R ".
In example shown by Fig. 1 (a)-(d), after making this selection, keyboard has updated the position of cursor, due to more
New the latter cursor on " n ", so user does not have to rotation, directly again taps on physical button.This operation is excellent
Choosing, but not necessarily, can the position of cursor not be automatically updated after each selection, and it is to continue with user hand turn
Dynamic dial plate moves cursor.
In step S240, based on the key that user continuously selects, word candidate is shown over the display.
For example, as shown in Fig. 1 (d), around dial plate, on the inside of letter key, it is shown that three word candidates " an ", " and "
" as ".
In step s 250, it selects to determine word candidate based on user, realizes the input to word.
For example, passing through long-pressing as shown in Fig. 1 (e), it is thus identified that selection word " an " realizes the input of word " an ".
In one example, in input process, user can carry out delete operation by way of overturning wrist, turn over
The detection for changing hands wrist can be realized by identification wrist-watch gyro data.
Using more cursor text entry methods according to an embodiment of the present invention based on one-dimensional input signal, can significantly drop
Low user, which inputs, needs mobile distance, improves input speed and efficiency.
How explained later calculates the method example of the target text of user according to the signal of input, is directed to based on use
The key that family continuously selects calculates the target word probability of user's input.To carry out following formal definitions convenient for explanation:
The signal of user's input is I,
Wherein N is the quantity of cursor, and n is the character quantity of input, for example, in example shown in Fig. 1 (a)-(d), N 3,
In the case where inputting word " an ", n 2 inputs two characters.For each word W in dictionary, using following formula
(1) P (W/I) is calculated:
P(W|I)∝P(I|W)×P(W) (1)
Wherein P (W/I) indicates that, in the case where input is I, user inputs the probability that target is word W, and P (I/W) is indicated
In the case where word is W, the input of user is the probability of I, and P (W) indicates the word frequency of word, and being can be from word model data
It is obtained in library.
Further, it is believed that it clicks all be independent from each other every time, so being split using following formula (2):
Wherein I.iRefer to the i-th column of I, and in above equation, the calculating on the right can be carried out for example using following formula (3):
Formula above indicates, in N number of cursor of the i-th column, as long as having the corresponding letter of any cursor is the in word W
I letter, is considered as P (Ii/Wi) it is 1, otherwise it is zero, that is, the judgment method of " non-to i.e. wrong " is employed herein.It is actually using
In, above the calculating of formula can be using the judgment method of this " non-to i.e. mistake ", the method that probability can also be used.
In this manner it is possible to acquire in the case where input is I, user inputs the probability that target is word W, to provide time
Menu word list.
In one example, on soft keyboard the displaying scheme (brightness, color etc.) of each letter had according to the letter it is more
It greatly may be subsequent user input target and adjust, so that user be helped quickly to find target key.
Assuming that the input of user is I, it is probability of any letter c as next letter that we, which define P (C), is calculated
Shown in for example following formula of method (4):
Wherein, denominator indicate all words for meeting current prefix word frequency and, molecule expression meet current prefix and under
One letter be the word of C word frequency and, S (I) contain it is all meet P (I | W1W2...Wn) ≠ 0 word W, P (I |
W1W2...Wn) ≠ 0 indicates input I every timeiIn the corresponding letter of more cursors set in contain letter wi, in other words, cursor
It is right to select；W1, W2... ..., WnIndicate the preceding n letter of word W, Wn+1=C indicates that (n+1)th letter of word W is C.
After calculating each letter C as the probability P (C) of next letter, next we can according to P (C) come
The brightness of each key is adjusted in real time.
For example, Fig. 3 is shown adjusts each key as the probability P (C) of next letter according to each letter C in real time
Brightness schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3, income word prefix is " exam " at present, according to the input of active user, in next step not
Possible letter (P (C) is 0) can extinguish (such as B, D, F), other letters can correspondingly adjust bright according to the size of P (C)
The degree, probability the big then brighter (such as P, I probability are larger, are relatively highlighted).
As mentioned previously it is preferred, in response to the confirmation selection operation of user, in all keys chosen by cursor while quilt
After selection, the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
Preferably, according to the desired value of next step user's rotation distance, to determine the subsequent monogram for being placed cursor,
To the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
In one-dimensional input process, a very crucial problem is the distance of user's rotation.It is desirable that user's rotation
Distance is short as much as possible.In order to realize this effect, in a preferable example, we use a kind of dynamic of cursor position
Adjustable strategies.
In one example, after inputting character each time, the position of all cursors can be all adjusted, next to optimize
The desired distance of secondary rotation.As shown in exemplary calculation method such as following formula (5):
Wherein ENRD is indicated under a certain cursor placement position, the desired distance of rotation next time；χ is 26 letter compositions
Set, dis (c) are the rotation distance that needs in order to select character C, it will be assumed that user's always go to select with nearest cursor
Character is selected, P (C) is the probability that letter C is next input target.Such as in draw above, dis (E)=2.
Our all possible cursor placement positions of exhaustion, select the smallest scheme of ENRD, as optimum results.
A kind of special situation be optimize sometimes put result will lead to input information content it is too small.Fig. 4 (a)
The example for schematically showing such case if not considering special circumstances, is having input " diff " as shown in Fig. 4 (a)
(being based on the word for being previously entered prediction it should be noted that may not be actually this four characters) cursor be optimized afterwards, cursor
It is automatically moved on D, H, T, i.e. current cursor present position, it is contemplated that amount of movement needed for being now moved to the character to be inputted
Minimum, but in the case, when rotating clockwise a lattice, three candidate letter es, I, U can be chosen simultaneously, and lead to this
The information content of secondary input is 0.In one example, in order to avoid such case, we introduce limitation, mandatory provision: if possessing
In N number of character of highest P (c), any 2 characters can be chosen simultaneously, then this scheme can be denied, next investigate and turn
The cursor that dynamic desired distance comes next bit puts scheme, and Integer N here can be determined empirically, to obtain best effect
Fruit.In one example, what N took is exactly the quantity of cursor, such as 3.Specifically, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), above-mentioned limitation is being introduced
Afterwards, cursor is automatically moved on E, J, T, i.e. position shown in Fig. 4 (b), at this moment, if E can be chosen by not rotating, is revolved clockwise
U can be chosen by turning a lattice, and I can be chosen by rotating a lattice counterclockwise, and single stepping every in this way can all generate information.
It should be noted that in order to determine the need for carrying out the dynamic adjustment of cursor and optimal cursor quantity, I
Be simulated and test.Hereinafter, it is named with title COMPASS of the invention based on one-dimensional input signal, more cursor
Text entry method, symbol S-COMPASS indicates static COMPASS input method, i.e., after each input cursor not into
Mobile state adjustment, in other words, someone's manually controls the movement that can cause cursor；Symbol D-COMPASS indicates dynamic
COMPASS input method, i.e., cursor carries out dynamic adjustment automatically after each input, that is, is not that manually controlling for someone can draw
Play the movement of cursor.In simulations, we have measured 2 indexs, and (Distance Per Rotation averagely turns DPR every time
Dynamic distance) and CC (Candidate Coverage, target word can appear in the ratio in the candidate word of predetermined number, hereafter
Referred to as candidate coverage goal ratio), DPR indicates the average value of each rotation distance when inputting word, and DPR is bigger, indicates flat
Each rotation distance is bigger；CC is bigger, and the accuracy for indicating that input disambiguates on (input disambiguation) is higher.
Fig. 5 show for whether need to carry out cursor dynamic adjustment and optimal cursor quantity simulated experiment
Result curve figure.As shown in figure 5, either static state COMPASS input method S-COMPASS or dynamic COMPASS input method D-
COMPASS, with the increase of cursor number, average each rotation distance DPR and candidate coverage goal ratio CC is with the increasing of N
Add and monotonic decreasing, in other words, with the increase of cursor number, average each rotation distance DPR is reduced, but candidate covering
Target proportion CC is also reduced, and in other words, probability of the target word not in candidate word increases, therefore, when designing cursor number,
To be weighed between rotation distance and input disambiguate.
From fig. 5, it can be seen that cursor position dynamic adjustable strategies significantly reduce the distance of rotation really.
It is average when cursor number N >=2 from Fig. 5 it can also be seen that for static COMPASS input method S-COMPASS
The range of each rotation distance DPR is 1.34 to 3.10, but as N=1, and average each rotation distance DPR jumps to 7.13,
It indicates to need farther rotation distance.Meanwhile compared to cursor number N=4, as N=5, DPR reduced by only 0.29, no
Crossing candidate coverage goal ratio reduces 3%.Thus, it is believed that for static COMPASS input method S-COMPASS, suitably
Cursor quantity be 2 to 4 between.For dynamic COMPASS input method D-COMPASS, analog result is similar.When cursor number N
When >=2, the range of average each rotation distance DPR is 0.85 to 1.69, but as N=1, and average each rotation distance DPR is jumped
It is raised to 3.61.Meanwhile compared to cursor number N=4, as N=5, DPR is identical, but candidate coverage goal ratio reduces
3%.Thus, it is believed that for dynamic COMPASS input method D-COMPASS, cursor quantity appropriate is also between 2 to 4.
Therefore, pass through simulation, it is believed that possible optimization cursor quantity is one of 2,3,4 these three selections.
In order to further select optimal cursor number in 2,3,4, We conducted user's experiments.12 users respectively use
6 kinds of technologies (dynamic vs static cursor, 3 kinds of cursor quantity) are inputted, we have counted speed, accuracy rate and the use of input
Family subjective feedback.
Fig. 6 (a) shows the histogram of user's input speed Speed (unit is words per minute WPM) of 6 kinds of technologies.
Fig. 6 (b) shows the histogram of user's error rate for input of 6 kinds of technologies.As shown in Fig. 6 (a), the technology of dynamic cursor is all
In the case of speed be all higher than the technology of static cursor, cursor quantity does not influence speed significantly.As shown in Fig. 6 (b), institute
Have the error rates of 6 kinds of technologies all it is close seemingly.
We measure use with a 5 grade Likert scales (5-point Likert scale questionnaire)
Subjective scoring of the family for each case.The index of assessment includes perception velocities, perception accuracy and overall hobby.Fig. 7 is shown
User is for S-COMPASS input method and D-COMPASS input method, when cursor number is respectively 2,3,4, in the sense of user
Know the average score of three aspect of speed, perception accuracy rate and overall preference.Scoring of the D-COMPASS in all indexs is all significant
Higher than S-COMPASS.
In subjective feedback, user's subjectivity thinks that 3 cursors under D-COMPASS input method are best；In addition dynamic technique
Scoring on the whole is also higher than static.
In addition, we have counted user's average distance rotated every time in an experiment.Fig. 8 is shown for S-COMPASS
Input method and D-COMPASS input method, when cursor number is respectively 2,3,4, average each rotation distance DPR of user.Such as
Shown in Fig. 8, with the increase of cursor number, average each rotation distance DPR of certain user is being reduced, and D-COMPASS
Average each rotation distance DPR under average each rotation distance DPR ratio S-COMPASS input method under input method is significantly
It is low.
Based on the above experimental result, it is believed that the optimal cursor number of the static cursor under S-COMPASS input method
Amount is 4, and the optimal cursor quantity of D-COMPASS input method is 3.
In one example, the quantity of cursor can be adaptively arranged by online machine learning in a program.
In one example, corresponding cursor quantity can be customized for different user.
In one example, inventor has further built input auto-complete algorithm, when carrying out input prediction,
We change into formula (6) on the basis of calculation method before, by formula (2):
Wherein α is a length decay factor.It is calculated by simulation, we set α=0.7.
That is, user is directed to a target word to be entered, n letter (having carried out the selection of n times letter) is had input at present, this
When, we not merely investigate alphabet length and are the word of n, but also investigate the word that alphabet length is m (wherein m > n).That is,
It calculates after the input of current n times letter, the target word of input is the probability of W, and the alphabet length that wherein W is included is more than or equal to
n。
That is, word candidate shown over the display includes that the length of word is greater than the list for the number that user makes a choice
Word.
We have carried out another experiment to evaluate and test the typewriting effect that user uses three cursor dynamic development adjustment D-.10
User has carried out the typewriting task in 8 stages, tests total time-consuming 90 minutes, this is divided into eight stages (block) for 90 minutes.
Fig. 9 shows the curve graph of input speed of 10 users at each block, and the black thick line in figure shows use
Family is averaged typing speed.In rigid upper hand, the average speed of user is 9.4WPM (word is per minute), and in the last one rank
Section, average speed have reached 12.7WPM, have risen 35%.3 fastest users, average speed is even up to
15.6WPM。
Figure 10 shows error rate (CER, Character Error Rate, letter of 10 users at each block
Error rate) and the vision response test that is counted for all users.As seen from Figure 10, the error rate in all stages is all extremely low, puts down
Equal error rate is both less than 0.2%.
We also have evaluated each user in an experiment and receive speed to what keyboard layout and cursor adjusted, this passes through statistics
User carries out a key-and turns dial plate (press-rotate) and put the time interval between key-key (press-press)
To complete.Two curves in Figure 11 respectively represent user carry out key-turn dial plate (press-rotate) and put key-press
The time of key (press-press) can be used to estimate the time that user's vision finds character late.It can from Figure 11
It arrives, with practice, it is monotonic decreasing that user, which looks for the time of character late, it is meant that user is to the layout of keyboard and cursor
Adjustment becomes more familiar with.
We also pass through experimental evaluation user to the acceptance level of auto-complete function, this can be used to assess automatic benefit
Global function, is employed herein KSPC index, and related KSPC can refer to non-patent literature R William Soukoreff and I
Entitled " Metrics for text entry of the Scott MacKenzie in CHI ' 03ACM proceeding 113-120
Introduction in research:an evaluation of MSD and KSPC ", in one example, KSPC is defined as follows
Shown in formula (7):
Wherein | Input Stream | it is the total degree of selection letter movement (for example including pressing and long-pressing), |
TranscribedText | it is the length for the character string finally transcribed.
KSPC can be used to measure user to the service condition of auto-complete function.KSPC is lower, then represents user and get over frequency
Auto-complete is used numerously.Figure 12 shows a users more for dynamic cursor method D-COMPASS each period block's
Average KSPC curve graph, wherein the line segment form of vertical direction shows standard deviation, it can be seen that KSPC is as the time is under dullness
Drop, this shows that user with practice, increasingly can expertly use auto-complete.
Front gives showing for more cursor text entry techniques according to an embodiment of the present invention based on one-dimensional input signal
Example property description gives the preferable example that dynamic adjusts cursor position, and gives cursor quantity based on experiment and simulation
Preferable example, also give the preferable example of interface.
It should be noted that front provided is preferable example of the present invention, it is based on inventive concept of the present invention, can be carried out respectively
Kind change, combination or substitution.
For example, it is push button that is provided, which selects the movement of letter, this is merely illustrative, this can basis in earlier examples
It needs to change, such as movement is selected perhaps can to slide or can hit for doubly-linked around dial plate to slide along surface
Etc..
For another example providing experiment in front in example and analog result being more cursor input methods that dynamic adjusts cursor
D-COMPASS is more preferable.In one example, two kinds of options of user can be provided, cursor position is dynamic or static state, user
It oneself can be configured.
For another example in example in front, smartwatch dial plate is circle, the letter arrangement of soft keyboard also circumferentially cloth
It sets；But in the case where dial plate is square, it is rectangular that the letter arrangement of soft keyboard, which can be along square circumference,.
For another example front give visually highlight the alternative alphabetic mode of high probability, but can also with sound etc. to
Family provides the alternative letter prompt of high probability, realizes that the user of the input method of the embodiment of the present invention also can receive the voice of user
Order, such as " rotating clockwise two lattice ", and acted in response to the voice command of user.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill in art field.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is answered
This is subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (28)
1. a kind of method for carrying out text input based on one-dimensional input signal to electronic equipment, the electronic equipment has can
Operation carrys out the display of display highlighting and soft keyboard, includes letter key on the soft keyboard, which comprises
Show that multiple cursors, multiple cursors are located on multiple keys on soft keyboard simultaneously on soft keyboard；
In response to the control cursor movement action of user, move the multiple cursor on the key of soft keyboard；
In response to the confirmation selection operation of user, all keys chosen by cursor are selected simultaneously；
Based on the key that user continuously selects, word candidate is shown over the display；
It selects to determine word candidate based on user, realizes the input to word.
2. the method according to claim 1, the electronic equipment is smartwatch, and the display is circular displays, described
Letter key is arranged as circular ring shape over the display, and
The control cursor movement action of user is rotation dial plate.
3. the method according to claim 1, further includes: in response to the confirmation selection operation of user, chosen all by cursor
After key is selected simultaneously, the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
4. according to the method in claim 3, according to the desired value of next step user's rotation distance, subsequent cursor is placed to determine
Monogram, thus the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
5. method according to claim 4, the desired value according to next step user's rotation distance, to determine subsequent be placed
The monogram of cursor further include:
If the identified subsequent monogram for being placed cursor causes the information content of input to be less than preassigned, institute is abandoned
State monogram.
6. the method according to claim 1, further includes: inputted according to user, the probability that calculated for subsequent letter occurs, adjustment is corresponding
The highlighted degree that key is shown.
7. method according to claim 2, wherein over the display, subalphbet key is spun upside down, so that all letters are all
User oriented.
8. method according to claim 7, on the display, the region within keyboard are held round, for showing interaction
Information.
9. the method according to claim 1, the key continuously selected based on user, show word candidate over the display
Target word probability including calculating user's input:
The signal for defining user's input is I,
Wherein N is the quantity of cursor, and n is the character quantity of input, IijIndicate i-th of cursor key locating in jth time input,
For each word W in dictionary, calculate
P(W|I)∝P(I|W)×P(W)
Wherein P (W/I) indicates that, in the case where input is I, user inputs the probability that target is word W, and P (I/W) is indicated in list
In the case that word is W, the input of user is the probability of I, and P (W) indicates the word frequency of word.
10. the quantity of cursor is 2,3 or 4 according to the method for any one of preceding claims 1 to 9.
11. according to the method for any one of preceding claims 1 to 9, in the feelings using the not mode of adjust automatically cursor position
Under condition, the quantity of cursor is 4；Using the mode of adjust automatically cursor position, the quantity of cursor is 3.
12. according to the method for any one of preceding claims 1 to 9, wherein word candidate shown over the display includes single
The length of word is greater than the word for the number that user makes a choice.
13. the quantity of cursor by user setting or passes through engineering according to the method for any one of preceding claims 1 to 9
It practises adaptively being arranged.
14. according to claim 1 to any one of 9 method, further include the first input according to user, calculating each letter is
The probability of subsequent input target, and corresponding letter key is shown to highlight degree accordingly according to probability.
15. the electronic equipment that one kind can carry out text input based on one-dimensional signal, comprising:
Display, is operable to display highlighting and soft keyboard, and the soft keyboard includes letter key；
Input part, for receiving the input action of user, the input action includes the movement for generating one-dimensional signal；
Controller and memory are stored with computer executable instructions on memory, when the computer executable instructions work as quilt
When controller executes, following methods are executed:
Show that multiple cursors, multiple cursors are located on multiple keys on soft keyboard simultaneously on soft keyboard；
In response to the control cursor movement action of user, move the multiple cursor on the key of soft keyboard；
In response to the confirmation selection operation of user, all keys chosen by cursor are selected simultaneously；
Based on the key that user continuously selects, word candidate is shown over the display；
It selects to determine word candidate based on user, realizes the input to word.
16. electronic equipment according to claim 15, the electronic equipment is smartwatch, and the display is round display
Device, the letter key are arranged as circular ring shape over the display, and
The control cursor movement action of user is rotation dial plate.
17. electronic equipment according to claim 15, the method also includes: in response to the confirmation selection operation of user, in institute
Have after being selected simultaneously by the key that cursor is chosen, the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
18. electronic equipment according to claim 17, wherein according to the desired value of next step user's rotation distance, it is subsequent to determine
It is placed the monogram of cursor, thus the position of the multiple cursor of adjust automatically.
19. electronic equipment according to claim 18, the desired value according to next step user's rotation distance is subsequent to determine
It is placed the monogram of cursor further include:
If the identified subsequent monogram for being placed cursor causes the information content of input to be less than preassigned, institute is abandoned
State monogram.
20. electronic equipment according to claim 15, the method also includes: it is inputted according to user, calculated for subsequent letter occurs
Probability, the highlighted degree that shows of adjustment respective keys.
21. electronic equipment according to claim 16, wherein over the display, subalphbet key is spun upside down, so that all
Letter all user orienteds.
22. electronic equipment according to claim 21, on the display, the region within keyboard are held round, for showing
Show interactive information.
23. electronic equipment according to claim 15, the key continuously selected based on user, show time over the display
Menu word includes the following target word probability for calculating user's input:
The signal for defining user's input is I,
Wherein N is the quantity of cursor, and n is the character quantity of input, IijIndicate i-th of cursor key locating in jth time input,
For each word W in dictionary, calculate
P(W|I)∝P(I|W)×P(W)
Wherein P (W/I) indicates that, in the case where input is I, user inputs the probability that target is word W, and P (I/W) is indicated in list
In the case that word is W, the input of user is the probability of I, and P (W) indicates the word frequency of word.
24. the quantity of cursor is 2,3 or 4 according to the electronic equipment of any one of preceding claims 15 to 23.
25. according to the electronic equipment of any one of preceding claims 15 to 23, in the mould using not adjust automatically cursor position
In the case where formula, the quantity of cursor is 4；Using the mode of adjust automatically cursor position, the quantity of cursor is 3.
26. according to the electronic equipment of any one of preceding claims 15 to 23, wherein word candidate shown over the display
Length including word is greater than the word for the number that user makes a choice.
27. the quantity of cursor by user setting or passes through according to the electronic equipment of any one of preceding claims 15 to 23
Machine learning is adaptively arranged.
28. any one of 5 to 23 electronic equipment according to claim 1 further includes the first input according to user, calculate each
Letter is the probability of subsequent input target, and shows corresponding letter key according to probability to highlight degree accordingly.
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| CN108845754B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2022-09-30 | 西交利物浦大学 | Non-resident text input method for mobile virtual reality head-mounted display |
| CN110262767B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2022-03-11 | 交互未来(北京)科技有限公司 | Voice input wake-up apparatus, method, and medium based on near-mouth detection |
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