CN1064983A - 增进鱼类生长的方法 - Google Patents
增进鱼类生长的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1064983A CN1064983A CN92102136A CN92102136A CN1064983A CN 1064983 A CN1064983 A CN 1064983A CN 92102136 A CN92102136 A CN 92102136A CN 92102136 A CN92102136 A CN 92102136A CN 1064983 A CN1064983 A CN 1064983A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/168—Steroids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/184—Hormones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Abstract
一种增进鱼类生长的方法，该方法包括对鱼给以
牛胎盘催乳质。
Description
本发明涉及增进鱼类生长的方法，更具体讲，是涉及使用生长促进剂的方法。
自从有历史记载以来，海洋、河流和湖泊就是食物的重要来源，从水中捕集水生动物。由于在一些地区人口增多、环境污染以及捕集过度等原因，这些天然资源不再能满足对此食物来源的不断增长的需求。虽然通过保护、改进、改善鱼类繁育和渔业能部分满足需求的增长，这些措施还不足以达到未来对动物蛋白质的世界性需求。生物技术的进步对今日之社会起着重要的裨益作用，这些方法已开始用于培养水生动物。促进鱼类生长的措施之一是使用生长激素。例如，已表明人类生长激素和牛催乳激素能促进低等脊椎动物的生长（Endocrinology，1973，Vol.93，№4，960-964）。使用牛生长激素增进鲑鱼的生长也有广泛报道（Can.J.Zoo.V.55，№6，1048-56，1977;Bio/Technology V.3，643-6，1985;USP4689402）。然而，并非所有生长激素被证明有效。有两项研究表明，人类胎盘催乳质对于低等脊椎动物并没有促进生长的活性（Cohen et al.，General and Comparative Endocrinology，1972，V.18，384-90;Clarke et al.，1973，Endocrinology，V.93，№4，960-4）。很明显，改进的养鱼方法仍是迫切需要的。
现已发现一种增进鱼类生长的方法，该方法包括对鱼施给促进生长有效量的牛胎盘催乳质。此处所说的鱼类意指通常用作食物的冷血水生脊椎动物。特别重要的鱼类是一般在渔场中以水中培养方法养殖的那些。这类鱼的例子有鲑鱼（例如，大西洋、Chinok和Coho鲑鱼）、鳟鱼、tilapia、条纹鲈鱼、“猫鱼”以及鲤鱼。
本发明的方法可应用于任何龄期的鱼。6个月的鱼苗使用牛胎盘催乳质处理，可达致良好的促生长效果。最好是在鱼龄早期开始处理，并在整个生长期按需要进行后续处理。
处理的频度可以从每日处理到数星期处理一次。处理计划取决于：牛胎盘催乳质的剂量、所用的给剂系统、环境条件如水温和日光时间、还有喂饲计划和所用饲料的类型和给量。对于鲑科鱼而言，水温约10-15℃为适宜，建议采取每日喂饲到饱的方式。本发明方法的优点之一是可以提高饲料转化效率。一般，对鱼苗进行每星期单次处理，直至20星期鱼龄或更大。然而，按每星期单次的牛胎盘催乳质处理进行1至8星期，显示出显著的生长。
用牛胎盘催乳质处理可以采用肌肉内注射或腹膜内注射方式。所给的牛胎盘催乳质可以是溶于盐水的、分散于油中、粒剂或采用渗透泵。另外方式，牛胎盘催乳质可以通过鱼鳃吸收。此法是先将鱼浸入盐溶液中刺激让鱼把鳃张开，然后再浸入溶解有牛胎盘催乳质的水中。处理的时间长短取决于：牛胎盘催乳质的浓度、鱼的大小、以及所需要的给剂剂量。
使鱼产生促生长效果的牛胎盘催乳质有效剂量随以下因素而变化：鱼的种类和鱼龄，环境条件，可摄取的饲料量。一般，牛胎盘催乳质的剂量为每克鱼0.01-10微克，优选为0.5-5微克，但亦不限定于此范围。
用于实施本发明的牛胎盘催乳质可以是从牛的胎盘回收的天然牛胎盘催乳质，或者是牛胎盘催乳质重组体。天然牛胎盘催乳质的生产见之于Arima et al.，Endocrinology 113，2186-94（1983）;Byatt et al.，Endocrinology 119，1343-50（1986）。牛胎盘催乳质重组体见之于South Africa Patent 6522，1989，6，28。在实施本发明时，可以采用含一个或多个氨基酸取代基的突变体形式的牛胎盘催乳质，条件是那些取代基对于原生牛胎盘催乳质所具的生长促进性能没有不利作用。因此，在实施本发明时，预期可以适用的牛胎盘催乳质可以有多种形式。
优选实施方案
将体重约7.0-7.9克的Coho鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch）幼苗分别放在7个槽中，每槽约30条，内有15℃清水，在这槽中适应环境1星期。其中两槽中的鱼以腹膜内注射方式每星期给以一次BSA（牛血清白蛋白），剂量每克鱼5.0微克。其中四槽的鱼以腹膜内注射给以bPL（牛胎盘催乳质），其中两槽的剂量为0.5微克/克，另两槽为5.0微克/克。每一星期，将鱼麻醉，注射，量度和称体重，给剂量按当时鱼体重调整，保持规定的剂量。一个槽存入不加处理的鱼，并在试验开始和结束时将之量度。所有给剂在注射前都是溶在0.9%盐水中。
在整个试验期内，向每个槽中加饲料到喂饱（按一个喂饲期能吃掉的给，不给过多），每天喂饲两次，并监测饲料总耗用量。计算饲料转化效率：体重总增重（湿重）除以饲料总耗量（干重量）。经过五个星期，所得结果示于表1。
表1
处理 剂量（微克/克） 鱼数目 重量（克） 长度（毫米）
未处理 无 24 11.6 96.9
BDA 5.0 29 10.3 93.7
30 11.0 96.0
bPL 0.5 29 15.7 106.3
30 15.8 106.3
bPL 5.0 29 21.5 116.2
30 22.7 119.0
以上的数据表明，BSA对生长有轻微抑制作用，而bPL处理过的鱼无论体重或长度都有显著的生长。使用0.5微克/克的bPL与未处理者相比，体重增35%，长度增10%;使用5.0微克/克的bPL，则使体重增91%，长度增21%。使用bPL还使饲料转化效率增大约10-20%，意味着bPL不仅使鱼生长更快，也表示长到一定大小所需饲料较少。通过对这些鱼的考察表明，经过用牛胎盘催乳质处理的鲑鱼，与未处理者相比，明显地使小鲑鱼提早进入二龄期，例如，其标志为竖向幼鲑痕记消失。
虽然本发明已由典型实施例所阐明，但本发明范围并非局限于此。对于此处为披露本发明所举的实施例还可以作出变动与修改，这些也并不背离本发明的精神，也不超出本发明的范围。
Claims (6)
1、一种增进鱼类生长的方法，包括对鱼给以促生长有效量的牛胎盘催乳质。
2、根据权利要求1的方法，其中牛胎盘催乳质的注射量为每克体重0.01-10微克。
3、根据权利要求2的方法，其中是以腹膜内注射方式给以牛胎盘催乳质。
4、根据权利要求3的方法，其中所述的鱼是一种鲑鱼。
5、根据权利要求4的方法，其中的牛胎盘催乳质是按每星期注射，注射期为1至约6星期。
6、根据权利要求1的方法，其中所述的鱼在开始用此方法后，在5星期之内使小鲑鱼进入二龄期。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/671,233 US5122513A (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | Fish growth using bovine placental lactogen |
| US671,233 | 1991-03-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1064983A true CN1064983A (zh) | 1992-10-07 |
Family
ID=24693661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92102136A Pending CN1064983A (zh) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | 增进鱼类生长的方法 |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5122513A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0668773A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH06509552A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR970003051B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1064983A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU651690B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9205784A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2105861C (zh) |
| IE (1) | IE920852A1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL101280A0 (zh) |
| IS (1) | IS3822A (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX9201199A (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ242028A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW198684B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1992016224A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU4986393A (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1994-03-15 | Massey University | Methods for effecting a prolonged reduction in measurable fat content and medicaments for use therein |
| US6720150B2 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2004-04-13 | University Of New Hampshire | Method for identifying fast - growing fish |
| KR100680140B1 (ko) | 2006-06-27 | 2007-02-07 | 주식회사 중앙바이오텍 | 돼지 태반을 이용한 사료 첨가제 및 음수 첨가제의 제조방법과 이 추출물의 사료 이용 |
| WO2008002005A1 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-03 | Choongangbiotech Co., Ltd. | A method for preparing pig placental extract to use as a feed additive and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1272144A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1990-07-31 | Tamio Mizukami | Fish growth hormone polypeptide |
| US4767711A (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1988-08-30 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Bovine placental lactogen gene |
| DE3853112T2 (de) * | 1987-09-02 | 1995-08-10 | Monsanto Co | DNA Moleküle, welche plazentales Rinder-Lactogen-Peptid und das Pre-Peptid kodieren und genetisch transformierte Zellen, die diese Moleküle enthalten. |
-
1991
- 1991-03-19 US US07/671,233 patent/US5122513A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-03-13 BR BR9205784A patent/BR9205784A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-13 CA CA002105861A patent/CA2105861C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-03-13 AU AU16974/92A patent/AU651690B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-03-13 JP JP4509342A patent/JPH06509552A/ja active Pending
- 1992-03-13 EP EP92909771A patent/EP0668773A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-03-13 WO PCT/US1992/002088 patent/WO1992016224A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-03-13 KR KR1019930702735A patent/KR970003051B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-18 IS IS3822A patent/IS3822A/is unknown
- 1992-03-18 NZ NZ242028A patent/NZ242028A/xx unknown
- 1992-03-18 IL IL101280A patent/IL101280A0/xx unknown
- 1992-03-18 MX MX9201199A patent/MX9201199A/es unknown
- 1992-03-18 IE IE085292A patent/IE920852A1/en unknown
- 1992-03-18 CN CN92102136A patent/CN1064983A/zh active Pending
- 1992-04-02 TW TW081102571A patent/TW198684B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06509552A (ja) | 1994-10-27 |
| KR970003051B1 (ko) | 1997-03-14 |
| IL101280A0 (en) | 1992-11-15 |
| US5122513A (en) | 1992-06-16 |
| CA2105861C (en) | 1999-05-11 |
| MX9201199A (es) | 1992-10-01 |
| TW198684B (zh) | 1993-01-21 |
| AU651690B2 (en) | 1994-07-28 |
| NZ242028A (en) | 1993-03-26 |
| EP0668773A1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
| IS3822A (is) | 1992-09-20 |
| IE920852A1 (en) | 1992-09-23 |
| WO1992016224A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| AU1697492A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| BR9205784A (pt) | 1994-05-17 |
| CA2105861A1 (en) | 1992-09-20 |
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