CN106448567A - 像素驱动电路、驱动方法、像素单元和显示装置 - Google Patents
像素驱动电路、驱动方法、像素单元和显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种像素驱动电路、驱动方法、像素单元和显示装置。所述像素驱动电路包括驱动晶体管、充放电单元、发光控制单元、数据写入控制单元和充放电控制单元;所述充放电控制单元用于在数据线的控制下在电路调整阶段控制驱动晶体管的第一极与第二电平输出端连接,在第一扫描线的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制充放电单元的第二端与驱动晶体管的栅极连接。本发明可以在消除因工艺偏差而产生的阈值电压偏差,解决电流不均造成的画面质量问题的同时节省电路设计的空间,能够增加像素开口率,减少电路信号线数量,降低电路成本,方便电路设计。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及像素驱动技术领域,尤其涉及一种像素驱动电路、驱动方法、像素单元和显示装置。
背景技术
由于工艺偏差,显示装置包括的像素驱动电路中的驱动TFT(Thin FilmTransistor,薄膜晶体管)阈值电压会发生偏移,导致不同的像素的驱动电流出现不均匀的现象。现有的像素驱动电路不能够在消除因工艺偏差而产生的阈值电压偏差的同时节省电路设计的空间,因此不能够增加像素开口率,减少电路信号线数量,降低电路成本,方便电路设计。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种像素驱动电路、驱动方法、像素单元和显示装置,解决现有的像素驱动电路不能够在消除因工艺偏差而产生的阈值电压偏差的同时节省电路设计的空间的问题。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供了一种像素驱动电路,包括:
驱动晶体管,第一极与发光元件连接;
充放电单元,第一端与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接;
发光控制单元,分别与第一扫描线、所述驱动晶体管的第二极和第一电平输出端连接,用于在第一扫描线的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制所述驱动晶体管的第二极和第一电平输出端连接;
数据写入控制单元,分别与数据线、第二扫描线和所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,用于在充电阶段和电路调整阶段在第二扫描线的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接;以及,
充放电控制单元,分别与所述数据线、所述驱动晶体管的第一极、第二电平输出端、所述第一扫描线、所述充放电单元的第二端和所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,用于在所述数据线的控制下在电路调整阶段控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极与所述第二电平输出端连接,在所述第一扫描线的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制所述充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接。
实施时,所述发光控制单元包括:发光控制晶体管,栅极与所述第一扫描线连接,第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极连接,第二极与所述第一电平端连接。
实施时,所述数据写入控制单元包括:数据写入控制晶体管,栅极与所述第二扫描线连接,第一极与所述数据线连接,第二极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接。
实施时,所述充放电控制单元包括:第一充放电控制晶体管,栅极与所述数据线连接,第一极与所述第二电平输出端连接,第二极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极连接;以及,
第二充放电控制晶体管,栅极与所述第一扫描线连接,第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,第二极与所述充放电单元的第二端连接。
实施时,所述充放电单元包括存储电容;
所述存储电容的第一端与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接,所述存储电容与所述充放电控制单元连接。
本发明提供了一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法,应用于上述的像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路的驱动方法包括:在每一显示周期,
在充电阶段,数据线输出第三电平,发光控制单元在第一扫描线的控制下控制驱动晶体管的第一极和第一电平输出端连接,数据写入控制单元在第二扫描线的控制下控制驱动晶体管的栅极与数据线连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管断开;充放电控制单元在所述第一扫描线的控制下控制充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接;
在电路调整阶段,数据线输出数据电压Vdata,数据写入控制单元控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接,数据写入控制单元在第二扫描线的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接,充放电控制单元在所述数据电压的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极与第二电平输出端连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管导通直至充放电单元放电而使得所述充放电单元的第一端的电位和所述充放电单元的第二端的电位的电位差为Vdata+Vth;Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压;
在发光阶段,发光控制单元控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极和第一电平输出端连接,充放电控制单元在所述第一扫描线的控制下控制所述充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管的栅源电压维持为Vdata+Vth,使得所述驱动晶体管导通从而控制所述驱动晶体管的栅源电压补偿所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
实施时,当所述驱动晶体管为n型晶体管时,所述第三电平与所述第一电平输出端输出的第一电平之间的差值小于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压,以控制在充电阶段所述驱动晶体管断开。
实施时,当所述驱动晶体管为p型晶体管时,所述第三电平与所述第一电平输出端输出的第一电平之间的差值大于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压,以控制在充电阶段所述驱动晶体管断开。
本发明还提供了一种像素单元,包括发光元件和上述的像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路与所述发光元件连接,驱动所述发光元件发光。
本发明还提供了一种显示装置,包括上述的像素单元。
与现有技术相比,本发明所述的像素驱动电路、驱动方法、像素单元和显示装置可以在消除因工艺偏差而产生的阈值电压偏差,解决电流不均造成的画面质量问题的同时节省电路设计的空间,能够增加像素开口率,减少电路信输入数量,降低电路成本,方便电路设计。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例所述的像素驱动电路的结构图;
图2是本发明所述的像素驱动电路的一具体实施例的电路图;
图3是本发明如图2所示的像素驱动电路的具体实施例的工作时序图;
图4A是本发明如图2所示的像素驱动电路的具体实施例在充电阶段T1的电流流向示意图;
图4B是本发明如图2所示的像素驱动电路的具体实施例在电路调整阶段T2的电流流向示意图;
图4C是本发明如图2所示的像素驱动电路的具体实施例在发光阶段T3的电流流向示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示,本发明实施例所述的像素驱动电路包括:
驱动晶体管DTFT,第一极与发光元件10连接;
充放电单元11,第一端与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第二极连接;
发光控制单元12,分别与第一扫描线Scan1、所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第二极和第一电平输出端VD1连接,用于在第一扫描线Scan1的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第二极和第一电平输出端VD1连接;
数据写入控制单元13,分别与数据线Data、第二扫描线Scan2和所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接,用于在充电阶段和电路调整阶段在第二扫描线Scan2的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极与所述数据线Data连接;以及,
充放电控制单元14,分别与所述数据线Data、所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第一极、第二电平输出端VD2、所述第一扫描线Scan1、所述充放电单元11的第二端和所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接,用于在所述数据线Data的控制下在电路调整阶段控制所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第一极与所述第二电平输出端VD2连接,在所述第一扫描线Scan1的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制所述充放电单元11的第二端与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接。
在图1中,以DTFT为n型晶体管为例,但是在实际操作时,DTFT也可以为p型晶体管,在此对驱动晶体管的类型不作限定。
本发明实施例所述的像素驱动电路可以在消除因工艺偏差而产生的阈值电压偏差,解决电流不均造成的画面质量问题的同时节省电路设计的空间,能够增加像素开口率,减少信号线数量,降低电路成本,方便电路设计。
本发明实施例所述的像素驱动电路与现有的常见的像素驱动电路不同的是由数据线Data直接控制充放电控制模块包括的晶体管,从而在电路调整阶段(也即数据电压写入阶段)通过Data控制该晶体管导通从而控制驱动晶体管DTFT的第一极与第二电平输出端VD2连接,Data直接控制晶体管开启和关断,并通过第一扫描线Scan1和第二扫描线Scan2的配合控制,节省信号线数量,降低电路成本,方便电路设计。
具体的,所述发光控制单元包括:发光控制晶体管,栅极与所述第一扫描线连接,第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极连接,第二极与所述第一电平端连接。
具体的,所述数据写入控制单元包括:数据写入控制晶体管,栅极与所述第二扫描线连接,第一极与所述数据线连接,第二极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接。
具体的,所述充放电控制单元包括:第一充放电控制晶体管,栅极与所述数据线连接,第一极与所述第二电平输出端连接,第二极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极连接;以及,
第二充放电控制晶体管,栅极与所述第一扫描线连接,第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,第二极与所述充放电单元的第二端连接。
具体的,所述充放电单元包括存储电容,所述存储电容的第一端与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接,所述存储电容与所述充放电控制单元连接。
在实际操作时,当DTFT和各单元包括的晶体管为n型晶体管时,所述第一电平输出端VD1输出高电平Vdd,Vdd≥Vdh(Vdh是对应于最高亮度的数据电压),所述第二电平输出端VD2为地端GND。
如图2所示,本发明所述的像素驱动电路的一具体实施例用于驱动有机发光二极管OLED发光,该像素驱动电路的具体实施例包括驱动晶体管DTFT、充放电单元、发光控制单元、数据写入控制单元和充放电控制单元,其中,
所述驱动晶体管DTFT的源极与有机发光二极管OLED的阳极连接,有机发光二极管OLED的阴极与地端GND连接;
所述充放电单元包括存储电容C1;所述存储电容C1的第一端与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的漏极连接;
所述发光控制单元包括:发光控制晶体管T1,栅极与第一扫描线Scan1连接,源极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的漏极连接,漏极接入高电平Vdd;
所述数据写入控制单元包括:数据写入控制晶体管T2,栅极与第二扫描线Scan2连接,源极与数据线Data连接,漏极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接;
所述充放电控制单元包括:
第一充放电控制晶体管T3,栅极与所述数据线Data连接,源极与地端GND连接,漏极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的源极连接;以及,
第二充放电控制晶体管T4,栅极与所述第一扫描线Scan1连接,源极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接,漏极与所述存储电容C1的第二端连接。
如图3所示,本发明如图2所示的像素驱动电路的具体实施例在工作时,
在充电阶段T1,Scan1和Scan2都输出高电平,Data输出的数据电压为0,T1、T2和T4都打开,DTFT和T3关闭,此时,如图4A所示,T1、C1、T4和T2构成充电电路,电流路径如图4A中带有箭头的线所示,将a点电位Va充电至Vdd(a点即与C1的第一端连接的第一节点),b点电位为Vb为0(b点即为与C1的第二端连接的第二节点);
在电路调整阶段T2,Scan1输出低电压Vscan1(V1<Vscan1<V2,V1为T1的反向击穿电压,V2为T1的阈值电压Vth与T1关闭电压的差值),以使得T1关闭,Scan2输出高电压Vscan2(高电压Vscan在对应于最低亮度的数据电压及对应于最高亮度的数据电压Vdh之间),以使得T2打开,Data输出Vdata,Vdata为高电平,此时T1和T4都关闭,T2、DTFT和T3都打开,这样C1会放电,放电路径如图4B所示,通过C1、DTFT和T3放电,当第一节点a的电压Va降到Vdata+Vth时,C1放电截止,Va-Vb=Vdata+Vth;
在电路发光阶段T3,Scan1输出高电平,以使得T1打开,Scan2输出低电平,以使得T2关闭,Data输出的数据电压为0,此时如图4C所示,T1、T4和DTFT都打开,T2和T3都关闭,c点的电位Vc和b点的电位Vb相同(c为与DTFT的栅极连接的第三节点),a点的电位与c点的电位之间的差值保持为Vdata+Vth,也即此时DTFT的栅源电压Vgs保持为Vdata+Vth,流过DTFT的驱动电流I=K×(Vgs-Vth)2=K×Vdata2,OLED将保持恒定电流发光,不受DTFT的阈值电压Vth影响,其中,K为DTFT的电流系数。
本发明实施例所述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法,应用于上述的像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路的驱动方法包括:在每一显示周期,
在充电阶段,数据线输出第三电平,发光控制单元在第一扫描线的控制下控制驱动晶体管的第一极和第一电平输出端连接,数据写入控制单元在第二扫描线的控制下控制驱动晶体管的栅极与数据线连接,充放电控制单元在所述第一扫描线的控制下控制充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接;
在电路调整阶段,数据线输出数据电压Vdata,数据写入控制单元控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接,数据写入控制单元在第二扫描线的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接,充放电控制单元在所述数据电压的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极与第二电平输出端连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管导通直至充放电单元放电而使得所述充放电单元的第一端的电位和所述充放电单元的第二端的电位的电位差为Vdata+Vth;Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压;
在发光阶段,发光控制单元控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极和第一电平输出端连接,充放电控制单元在所述第一扫描线的控制下控制所述充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管的栅源电压维持为Vdata+Vth,使得所述驱动晶体管导通从而控制所述驱动晶体管的栅源电压补偿所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
在实际操作时,当所述驱动晶体管为n型晶体管时,所述第三电平与所述第一电平输出端输出的第一电平之间的差值小于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压,以控制在充电阶段所述驱动晶体管断开。
在实际操作时,当所述驱动晶体管为p型晶体管时,所述第三电平与所述第一电平输出端输出的第一电平之间的差值大于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压,以控制在充电阶段所述驱动晶体管断开。
本发明实施例所述的像素单元包括发光元件和上述的像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路与所述发光元件连接,驱动所述发光元件发光。
本发明实施例所述的显示装置包括上述的像素单元。在实际操作时,所述显示装置可以为任何具有显示功能的装置,也可以为显示面板。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种像素驱动电路,其特征在于,包括:
驱动晶体管,第一极与发光元件连接;
充放电单元,第一端与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接;
发光控制单元,分别与第一扫描线、所述驱动晶体管的第二极和第一电平输出端连接,用于在第一扫描线的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制所述驱动晶体管的第二极和第一电平输出端连接;
数据写入控制单元,分别与数据线、第二扫描线和所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,用于在充电阶段和电路调整阶段在第二扫描线的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接;以及,
充放电控制单元,分别与所述数据线、所述驱动晶体管的第一极、第二电平输出端、所述第一扫描线、所述充放电单元的第二端和所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,用于在所述数据线的控制下在电路调整阶段控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极与所述第二电平输出端连接,在所述第一扫描线的控制下在充电阶段和发光阶段控制所述充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素驱动电路,其特征在于,所述发光控制单元包括:发光控制晶体管,栅极与所述第一扫描线连接,第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极连接,第二极与所述第一电平端连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的像素驱动电路,其特征在于,所述数据写入控制单元包括:数据写入控制晶体管,栅极与所述第二扫描线连接,第一极与所述数据线连接,第二极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接。
4.如权利要求1所述的像素驱动电路,其特征在于,所述充放电控制单元包括:第一充放电控制晶体管,栅极与所述数据线连接,第一极与所述第二电平输出端连接,第二极与所述驱动晶体管的第一极连接;以及,
第二充放电控制晶体管,栅极与所述第一扫描线连接,第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,第二极与所述充放电单元的第二端连接。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的像素驱动电路,其特征在于,所述充放电单元包括存储电容;
所述存储电容的第一端与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接,所述存储电容与所述充放电控制单元连接。
6.一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法,应用于如权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的像素驱动电路,其特征在于,所述像素驱动电路的驱动方法包括:在每一显示周期,
在充电阶段,数据线输出第三电平,发光控制单元在第一扫描线的控制下控制驱动晶体管的第一极和第一电平输出端连接,数据写入控制单元在第二扫描线的控制下控制驱动晶体管的栅极与数据线连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管断开;充放电控制单元在所述第一扫描线的控制下控制充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接;
在电路调整阶段,数据线输出数据电压Vdata,数据写入控制单元控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接,数据写入控制单元在第二扫描线的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的栅极与所述数据线连接,充放电控制单元在所述数据电压的控制下控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极与第二电平输出端连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管导通直至充放电单元放电而使得所述充放电单元的第一端的电位和所述充放电单元的第二端的电位的电位差为Vdata+Vth;Vth为所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压;
在发光阶段,发光控制单元控制所述驱动晶体管的第一极和第一电平输出端连接,充放电控制单元在所述第一扫描线的控制下控制所述充放电单元的第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接,以控制所述驱动晶体管的栅源电压维持为Vdata+Vth,使得所述驱动晶体管导通从而控制所述驱动晶体管的栅源电压补偿所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
7.如权利要求6所述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法,其特征在于,当所述驱动晶体管为n型晶体管时,所述第三电平与所述第一电平输出端输出的第一电平之间的差值小于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压,以控制在充电阶段所述驱动晶体管断开。
8.如权利要求6所述的像素驱动电路的驱动方法,其特征在于,当所述驱动晶体管为p型晶体管时,所述第三电平与所述第一电平输出端输出的第一电平之间的差值大于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压,以控制在充电阶段所述驱动晶体管断开。
9.一种像素单元,其特征在于,包括发光元件和如权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路与所述发光元件连接,驱动所述发光元件发光。
10.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求9所述的像素单元。
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