CN106437206A - Movable drilling cabin for ice-rock core drilling of polar region - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable drilling cabin for polar ice-rock core drilling. The invention includes a drilling tower, a thermal insulation wall, and equipment in the sled cabin; the invention integrates drilling equipment such as a winch, a drilling tower, and a control table. , can realize efficient ice core drilling and rock core drilling, and complete the collection of ice core and rock core. The invention has the characteristics of fast installation and convenient transportation in Antarctica.

Description

Movable drilling cabin for polar ice-core drilling

technical field

The invention relates to a movable drilling cabin for polar ice-rock core drilling.

Background technique

At present, the problem of global warming is becoming more and more serious, and global climate change has become a matter of great concern to scientists from all over the world. There are a large number of air bubbles in the ancient ice cores of the North and South Poles. Through the study of the atmospheric composition in these air bubbles, the climate change of the earth in the past few million years can be reversed, the law of the earth's climate change can be found, and the development trend of the earth's climate in the future can be speculated. Therefore, scientists from all over the world are working to obtain the oldest ice cores in the polar ice caps. So far, many countries have successively carried out deep ice core drilling projects in the North and South Poles. The deepest hole has reached more than 3,700 meters. China also officially began to implement the deep ice core drilling program at Kunlun Station in 2011. After three working seasons With great efforts, the hole depth has reached 654.66 meters. However, the existing deep ice core drilling system has relatively large equipment and has the disadvantages of inconvenient transportation and installation. Taking China's deep ice core drilling project as an example, the construction of the ice core site took about 2 working seasons (the 27th Antarctic scientific expedition and the 28th Antarctic scientific expedition), and the installation and commissioning of the deep ice core drilling rig took 1 working season (the 28th Antarctic scientific expedition). 29 Antarctic scientific expeditions), it took a total of 3 years to complete all the preparatory work, which greatly increased the drilling cost, personnel input and reduced labor efficiency in the special and harsh environment of the polar region. At present, most deep ice core drilling projects in the world also use this method, which is inefficient.

The invention provides a movable drilling cabin for polar ice-rock core drilling. The drilling cabin integrates all drilling-related equipment on a sled. The system is dragged to the drilling site, and the drilling construction can start after simple preparation, which greatly saves the preparation time. The drilling cabin can also quickly switch between different drilling sites, meeting the convenient and fast requirements of the drilling rig system for multi-hole drilling operations on the ice sheet.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a movable drilling cabin for polar ice-core drilling.

The invention integrates drilling equipment such as a winch, a drilling tower, and a control table, and its structural design can realize efficient ice core drilling and rock core drilling, and complete the collection of ice cores and rock cores. The movable drilling cabin has the characteristics of quick installation and easy handling in Antarctica.

The present invention includes drilling tower, thermal insulation wall and sled;

The drilling tower consists of three parts: the square tower, the lower drilling tower and the upper drilling tower. The square tower is fixed on the floor with screws. The lower drilling tower and the square tower are connected by hinge points, and the square tower is reinforced with support rods. The middle part of the support rod With adjusting screws, the length of the support rod can be adjusted; after the lower drilling tower is upright, bolts are used on the other side of the hinge point of the lower drilling tower to fix the lower drilling tower and the square tower together; the upper drilling tower and the lower drilling tower are hinged, and the upper drilling tower The drilling tower can be flipped to the side of the lower drilling tower. The drilling tower has two positions. When transporting, the drilling tower is placed flat on the top of the insulation room. The upper drilling tower and the lower drilling tower are placed on the top of the insulation room in parallel and fixed on the top of the insulation room. The drilling tower is unfolded to the same line as the lower drilling tower, and firmly connected with bolts, and then the drilling tower is jacked up with the tower screw. When the drilling tower is in an upright state, the lower drilling tower and the square tower are firmly connected with bolts to ensure The tower is in an upright position. The upper part of the lifting screw is hinged with the lower drilling tower, and the lower part is fixed on the floor. In order to improve the stability of the drilling tower in the upright state, stay ropes are used to connect the drilling tower with the four corners of the insulation room. The exterior of the upper drilling tower and the lower drilling tower are covered with drilling tower cover plates with thermal insulation materials, and escalators are welded inside. There is a second-floor platform installed in the upper drilling tower. Maintenance personnel can go up to the second-floor platform to maintain the top pulley through the escalator For maintenance, the climbing escalator is detachable. When it is necessary to climb the tower, put the climbing escalator under the drilling tower, and remove it when it is not needed to increase the working space on the ground. The top pulley is fixed on the top of the upper drilling tower, and the lower pulley is fixed in the square tower. The two pulleys form a pulley block, which assists the winch in lifting and lowering the drilling tool.

The insulation room adopts an assembled structure. The entire insulation room is composed of 40 insulation boards connected in sequence. The insulation boards are connected by built-in locks to ensure good aesthetics while ensuring strength. A steel frame is pre-embedded inside the thermal insulation wall panel. The steel frame is connected to the stainless steel plate with screws, and the other side of the stainless steel plate is connected to the floor with screws, so as to achieve the purpose of firmly fixing the thermal insulation room on the floor.

The floor is the main load-bearing part of the movable drilling cabin, and is fixed with a winch, a square tower, a control system, a tool table, a centrifuge, an ice chip vibrator, a mixing bucket, an ice core processing table, a screwing and unloading mobile trolley, a leveling screw, Drawworks control cabinet, drilling fluid return trough and related wire troughs and lighting equipment, these equipment provide a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of drilling.

The floor is connected with the front top plate of the sled and the rear top plate of the sled by bolts, so that the entire upper structure is firmly fixed on the sled and can be moved with the sled. Due to the soft snow surface in Antarctica, the snow surface under the feet of the sled will slightly collapse due to the long-term pressure of the upper drilling rig during the drilling process, resulting in an uneven floor of the drilling cabin, which may easily cause the drilling tool to fail to drill along the previous hole track. Therefore, a special leveling mechanism is designed, which controls the four corners of the floor to move up and down relative to the top of the sled by four leveling screws. The lifting distance of each leveling screw is different, and the floor and the top of the sled will form a certain angle to compensate Non-level floors caused by ground subsidence. The maximum adjustment angle between the floor and the sled top plate can reach 10°, and the maximum relative distance can reach 300mm.

The sled adopts an advanced chain transmission structure, which enables the traction to be evenly divided and the front and rear stressed parts of the sled, which increases the service life of the sled. The two pry feet at the front of the sled are connected by the front sled beam. The pry foot can swing on the front sled beam as the axis to adapt to the uneven snow surface. The limit screw at the lower part of the front sled beam can limit the swing of the pry foot within a certain range. Inside. The front sled beam and the front sliding beam are connected by a kingpin shaft. The front sliding beam can rotate relative to the front sled beam with the kingpin axis as the center. The sliding pin shaft moves relative to the front top plate of the sled, and the front sliding pin shaft is fixed with the front top plate of the sled by a fixed pin. The two skid legs at the rear of the sled are connected by a rear sled beam, and the rear sled beam and the rear sliding beam are connected by a kingpin shaft. The rear sliding beam can rotate relative to the rear sled beam with the kingpin axis as the center. The sliding pin shaft is connected with the rear top plate of the sled, and the rear sliding beam can move relative to the rear top plate of the sled along the rear sliding pin shaft, and the rear sliding pin shaft is fixed with the rear top plate of the sled by a fixed pin. The front top plate of the sled and the rear top plate of the sled are connected by reinforcing beams to increase the bearing capacity of the sled.

The transmission system of the sled is composed of the first iron chain, the second iron chain, the third iron chain, the fourth iron chain and the pull plate. The traction head is set on the traction frame and can slide forward and backward along the traction frame. Two pry foot heads can drive the pry foot to rotate. The end of the traction head is connected with the front pry foot pull plate through the first iron chain. The center of the front pry foot pull plate is processed with an oval hole. The oval hole makes the front pry foot The pull plate can slide forward and backward along the traction frame. The other side of the front skid plate is connected to the front side of the front sled beam through the second iron chain, and the rear side of the front sled beam is cross-connected to the rear skid plate through the third iron chain. An oval hole is processed in the center of the pry foot pull plate, so that it can slide back and forth along the connecting round beam, and the other side of the rear pry foot pull plate is connected to the rear sled beam through the fourth iron chain.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention well solves the problems of the existing deep ice core and rock core drilling systems such as long preparation period and high investment cost in the harsh polar environment, and highly integrates drilling-related equipment on the sled, which can realize rapid extraction of polar ice-rock cores core drilling, and has the ability to quickly transition in polar ice sheets, providing important technical support for large-scale porous operations in polar ice sheets.

All structures of the present invention adopt modular design, and the weight of a single piece does not exceed 4 tons, and the size of a single piece can be placed in a 20-foot container, which meets the polar aircraft transportation standards, and has the characteristics of convenient and fast assembly on site.

The invention integrates all drilling equipment on one movable equipment for the first time, and provides a good reference for the modular design of the drilling rig system in the future.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a general view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the sled of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the sled of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a layout diagram of the floor equipment of the present invention.

detailed description

Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the present invention includes drilling tower, thermal insulation room 8 and sled 17;

The drilling tower comprises a square tower 12, a lower drilling tower 6 and an upper drilling tower 5. The square tower 12 is fixed on the floor 16 by screws, and the square tower 12 is reinforced by a support rod 13. The middle part of the support rod 13 has an adjustment screw, which can be adjusted. The length of the support rod 13 is adjusted; the lower drilling tower 6 and the square tower 12 are connected by a hinge point. After the lower drilling tower 6 is upright, the other side of the lower drilling tower 6 hinge point is used to fix the lower drilling tower 6 and the square tower 12 together. The upper drilling tower 5 and the lower drilling tower 6 are hinged, and the upper drilling tower 5 can be turned over to one side of the lower drilling tower 6; the drilling tower has two positions. The drilling tower 5 and the lower drilling tower 6 are placed in parallel on the top of the thermal insulation room 8 and fixed on the top of the thermal insulation room 8; Drilling tower is jacked up with tower screw rod 14 again, when drilling tower is in upright state, and lower drilling tower 6 and quadrangular tower 12 are firmly connected with bolts, guarantees drilling tower is in upright state; The tower 6 is hinged, and the lower part of the tower screw rod 14 is fixed on the floor 16; in order to improve the stability of the drilling tower in an upright state, the drilling tower is connected to the four corners of the heat preservation room 8 by guy ropes 7 . The exterior of the upper drilling tower 5 and the lower drilling tower 6 are covered by the drilling tower cover plate 2 with thermal insulation material, the inside of the upper drilling tower 5 and the lower drilling tower 6 are welded with an escalator 4, and the upper drilling tower 5 is equipped with a second floor platform 3, Maintenance personnel can go up to the second-floor platform 3 through the escalator 4 to maintain the top pulley 1. The tower climbing escalator 9 is detachable. open to increase the working space on the ground. The top pulley 1 is fixed on the top of the upper drilling tower 5, and the lower pulley 11 is fixed in the square tower 12. The top pulley 1 and the lower pulley 11 form a pulley block, and the auxiliary winch 15 promotes and lowers the drilling tool.

The insulation room 8 adopts an assembled structure. The entire insulation room is composed of 40 insulation boards connected in sequence. The insulation boards are connected by built-in locks to ensure good aesthetics while ensuring strength. A steel frame is pre-embedded inside the thermal insulation wall panel, and the steel frame is connected with the stainless steel plate by screws, and the other side of the stainless steel plate is connected with the floor 16 by screws, so as to achieve the purpose of firmly fixing the thermal insulation room 8 on the floor 16.

The floor 16 is the main bearing part of the movable drilling cabin, and is fixed with a winch 15, a square tower 12, a control system 43, a leveling screw 44, a tool table 45, a centrifuge 46, an ice vibrator 47, a mixing bucket 48, an ice The core processing table 49, the drilling fluid return tank 50, the drilling tool unscrewing trolley 51, the drawworks control cabinet 52 and related wire slots and lighting equipment, these equipment provide a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of drilling.

Floor 16 is connected with sled front top plate 28 and sled rear top plate 21 by bolts, so that the whole upper structure is firmly fixed on sled 17, and can move with sled. Due to the soft snow surface in Antarctica, the snow surface under the feet of the sled will slightly collapse due to the long-term pressure of the upper drilling rig during the drilling process, resulting in an uneven floor of the drilling cabin, which may easily cause the drilling tool to fail to drill along the previous hole track. Therefore designed leveling mechanism, leveling mechanism is controlled respectively by four leveling screw rods 44 and lifts relative to the sled top plate at four corners of the floor, each leveling screw rod 44 lifting distance is different, then the floor 16 and the sled top plate can form a certain angle, Thereby making up for the unevenness of the floor caused by ground subsidence. The maximum adjustment angle between the floor and the sled top plate can reach 10°, and the maximum relative distance can reach 300mm.

The sled 17 adopts an advanced chain transmission structure, so that the uniform step-by-step and the front and rear stressed parts of the sled 17 are drawn, and the service life of the sled 17 is increased. Two pry feet 39 at the front portion of the sled 17 are connected with the front sled beam 29, and the front sled beam 29 can be used as an axis for the pry feet 39 to swing to adapt to the uneven snow surface. The limit screw 20 at the bottom of the front sled beam 29 can The swing of the pry foot 39 is limited within a certain range; the front sled beam 29 and the front sliding beam 30 are connected by a kingpin shaft 35, and the front sliding beam 30 can rotate relative to the front sled beam 29 with the kingpin shaft 35 as the center. The side is connected with the front top plate 28 of the sled through two front sliding pins 37, the front sliding beam 29 can move back and forth relative to the front top plate 28 of the sled along the front sliding pins 37, and the front sliding pin 37 is fixed with the front top plate 28 of the sled by a fixed pin 33 . The two skid legs at the rear of the sled 17 are connected with the rear sled beam 19, and the rear sled beam 19 is connected with the rear sliding beam 18 using the kingpin shaft 35. The rear sliding beam 18 can be rotated relative to the rear sled beam 19 around the king pin shaft 35, and the rear Sliding beam 18 both sides are connected with sled rear top board 21 by two rear sliding pin shafts 34, rear sliding beam 18 can move relative to sled rear top board 21 along rear sliding pin shaft 34, rear sliding pin shaft 34 utilizes fixed pin 33 and sled The rear top board 21 is fixed. The front top plate 28 of the sled and the rear top plate 21 of the sled are connected by a reinforcing beam 25 to increase the bearing capacity of the sled. The transmission system of 17 is made up of the first iron chain 41, the second iron chain 31, the third iron chain 26, the fourth iron chain 22 and the pull plate. Sliding forward and backward, the traction frame 40 is connected to the front two prying feet 39 heads, and can drive the prying feet 39 to rotate, the end of the traction head 42 is connected to the front prying foot pull plate 32 by the first iron chain 41, and the front prying foot pull plate 32 The center is processed with an oval hole, which enables the front prying foot pull plate 32 to slide back and forth along the traction frame 40, and the other side of the front prying foot pull plate 32 is connected to the front side of the front sled beam 29 through the second iron chain 31. The rear side of the front sled beam 29 is cross-connected to the rear prying foot pull plate 24 through the third iron chain 26, and the center of the rear prying foot pull plate 24 is processed with an oval hole, so that it can slide back and forth along the connecting round beam 36, and the rear prying foot pulls The other side of the plate 24 is connected to the rear sled beam 19 by a fourth chain 22 .

Working process of the present invention:

During transportation, the upper drilling tower 5 and the lower drilling tower 6 are horizontally fixed on the top of the thermal insulation room 8 . The sleds are transported to the drilling site by snowmobile hauling. The force state of the sled during transportation is as follows: the snow vehicle is connected to the traction head 42 through a steel wire rope, the traction head 42 will slide forward along the traction frame 40 under force, and the force will be transmitted to the front prying foot pull plate 32 through the iron chain 41, And pass to front sled beam 29 by iron chain 2 31, front sled beam 29 drives front two pry feet 39 to slide forward along front sliding pin 37, and now sled front top board 28 does not move, and front sled beam 29 moves forward And the power is transmitted to the rear prying foot pull plate 24 through the iron chain three 26, and is transmitted to the rear sled beam 19 through the iron chain four 22, and the rear sled beam 19 drives the rear two prying feet 39 to slide forward along the rear sliding pin shaft 34 , when the rear sled beam 19 moves to contact with the rear top plate 21 of the sled, the rear top plate 21 of the sled will move forward under the promotion of the rear sled beam 19, thereby driving the whole drilling cabin to move forward. In the design, the distance between the front top plate 28 of the sled is relatively large, so when the rear sled beam 19 is in contact with the rear top plate 21 of the sled, the front sled beam 29 is not in contact with the front top plate 28 of the sled, so the force situation of the sled is always from the traction head 42 to the bottom of the sled. To the rear sled beam 19, and then transmitted to the upper part of the drilling cabin, to ensure that the iron chain mechanism at the lower part of the sled is in a stressed state.

When the movable drilling cabin arrives at the drilling tower site and is ready to drill: first level the site, drag the movable drilling cabin to the leveled site, unfold the upper drilling tower 5, and use bolts to drill the lower drilling tower 6 Fixed, adopt tower screw rod 14 to erect drilling tower, after drilling tower is in the upright position, lower drilling tower 6 and square tower 12 are firmly connected with bolts, and drilling tower is fixed on 8 corners of thermal insulation room with stay rope 7. The wire rope of the winch 15 is passed through the lower pulley 11 and the top pulley 1 to be connected with the drilling machine.

During drilling, drilling fluid needs to be filled in the hole. If the drilling fluid is made by mixing two kinds of liquids, the two kinds of liquids are fully mixed with the mixing tank 48 and then injected into the hole. The operator uses the control system 43 and the winch control cabinet 52 to control the drawworks 15 and the drilling equipment to carry out drilling. After the drilling is completed, the part of the drill used to collect the ice cores is disassembled by the drill trolley 51 and moved to the ice core processing table 49 Carry out post-processing, put the ice chips collected by the drilling tool into the ice chip vibrator 47, vibrate to separate the ice chips from the drilling tool, and put the collected ice chips into the centrifuge 46 to spin dry, and the centrifuged Drilling fluid is reused. The drilling fluid recovery tank 50 mainly recovers the drilling fluid carried out from the hole by the wire rope.

During the drilling process, if the snow surface under the feet of the sled slightly collapses due to the long-term pressure of the upper drilling rig weight, causing the floor of the drilling cabin to be out of level, when the floor needs to be leveled: first loosen the upper floor connecting plate 38 and the floor 16 on the sled Next, adjust the leveling screw rod 44 above the collapsed prying foot, lift the floor here, and fine-tune the leveling screw rod 44 in other positions until the floor 16 is level again.

Claims (2)

1. A kind of polar ice-rock core drilling is drilled with movable drilling cabin, it is characterized in that: comprise drill tower, thermal insulation room (8) and sled (17); Drilling tower comprises quadrangular tower (12), lower drilling tower (6) and upper drilling tower (5), quadrangular tower (12) adopts screw to be fixed on the floor (16), and adopts support bar (13) to quadrangular tower (12) ) for reinforcement, and the middle part of the support rod (13) has an adjusting screw, which can adjust the length of the support rod (13); , the other side of the hinge point of the lower drilling tower (6) uses bolts to fix the lower drilling tower (6) and the square tower (12) together; the upper drilling tower (5) and the lower drilling tower (6) are hinged, and the upper drilling tower (5) can be turned over to the side of the lower drilling tower (6); the drilling tower has two positions. 6) Place it parallel to the top of the heat preservation room (8) and fix it on the top of the heat preservation room (8); when drilling, first unfold the upper drilling tower (5) to the same line as the lower drilling tower (6), and secure it with bolts Connect, then jack up the drilling tower with the tower screw rod (14), when the drilling tower is in an upright state, firmly connect the lower drilling tower (6) and the square tower (12) with bolts to ensure that the drilling tower is in an upright state; The upper part of the lifting screw (14) is hinged with the lower drilling tower (6), and the lower part of the lifting screw (14) is fixed on the floor (16); the drilling tower is connected to the four corners of the heat preservation room (8) by guy ropes (7) ; The exterior of the upper drilling tower (5) and the lower drilling tower (6) is covered by the drilling tower cover plate (2) with thermal insulation material, and the inside of the upper drilling tower (5) and the lower drilling tower (6) are welded with escalators (4) , a second-floor platform (3) is installed in the upper drilling tower (5), the maintenance personnel can go up to the second-floor platform (3) to carry out maintenance on the top pulley (1) through the escalator (4), and the climbing escalator (9) is Detachable, when you need to climb the tower, put the climbing escalator (9) under the drilling tower, and remove it when you don’t need it; the top pulley (1) is fixed on the top of the upper drilling tower (5), and the square tower (12) Then the lower pulley (11) is fixed, the top pulley (1) and the lower pulley (11) form a pulley block, and the auxiliary drawworks (15) promotes and lowers the drilling tool; The heat preservation room (8) adopts an assembled structure. The whole heat preservation room is composed of (40) heat preservation boards connected in sequence. Connect, the other side of the stainless steel plate is connected with the floor (16) with screws, and the thermal insulation room (8) is fixed on the floor (16); the floor (16) is fixed with a winch (15), a square tower (12), a control system ( 43), leveling screw (44), tool table (45), centrifuge (46), ice vibrator (47), mixing bucket (48), ice core processing table (49), drilling fluid return tank (50 ), the drilling tool unloading trolley (51) and the winch control cabinet (52); the floor (16) is connected with the front top plate (28) and the rear top plate (21) of the sled through bolts, so that the entire upper structure is firmly fixed on the sled (17) and can be moved with the sled; Two pry feet (39) at the front of the sled (17) are connected with the front sled beam (29), and the front sled beam (29) can swing as an axis to adapt to the uneven snow surface. The limit screw (20) at the bottom of the beam (29) can limit the swing of the pry foot (39) within a certain range; The beam (30) can rotate relative to the front sled beam (29) with the kingpin (35) as the center. The front sliding beam (29) can move forward and backward relative to the front top plate (28) of the sled along the front sliding pin shaft (37), and the front sliding pin shaft (37) utilizes the fixed pin (33) to fix with the front top plate (28) of the sled; ) two skid legs at the rear are connected with the rear sled beam (19), and the rear sled beam (19) is connected with the rear sliding beam (18) using the kingpin shaft (35), and the rear sliding beam (18) can be connected with the kingpin shaft (35 ) as the center to rotate relative to the rear sled beam (19), the two sides of the rear sliding beam (18) are connected with the rear top plate (21) of the sled through two rear sliding pins (34), and the rear sliding beam (18) can move along the rear sliding pin The shaft (34) moves relative to the rear top plate (21) of the sled, and the rear sliding pin (34) utilizes the fixed pin (33) to fix with the rear top plate (21) of the sled; the front top plate (28) and the rear top plate (21) of the sled adopt The reinforcing beam (25) is connected to increase the load-bearing capacity of the sled, the reinforcing beam (25) is connected to the rear top plate (21) of the sled through the rear connecting pin (23), and is connected to the front top plate (28) of the sled through the front connecting pin (27) The transmission system of sled (17) is made up of the first iron chain (41), the second iron chain (31), the third iron chain (26), the fourth iron chain (22) and pull plate, traction head (42) Set on the traction frame (40), and can slide forward and backward along the traction frame (40), the traction frame (40) is connected to the heads of the first two prying feet (39), and can drive the prying feet (39) to rotate, traction The end of the head (42) is connected with the front prying foot pull plate (32) by the first iron chain (41), and the center of the front prying foot pull plate (32) is processed with an oval hole, which makes the front pry foot pull plate ( 32) Can slide forward and backward along the traction frame (40), the other side of the front skid puller (32) is connected with the front side of the front sled beam (29) through the second iron chain (31), and the rear side of the front sled beam (29) The third iron chain (26) is cross-connected to the back prying foot pull plate (24), and the center of the back prying foot pull plate (24) is processed with an oval hole so that it can slide back and forth along the connecting round beam (36). The other side of the foot pull plate (24) is connected to the rear sled beam (19) by the fourth iron chain (22). 2. A kind of polar ice-rock core drilling movable drilling cabin according to claim 1, is characterized in that: floor (16) has leveling mechanism, and this leveling mechanism consists of four leveling screw rods (44 ) respectively control the four corners of the floor (16) to lift relative to the top plate of the sled; the maximum adjustment angle of the floor relative to the top plate of the sled reaches 10°, and the maximum relative distance is 300mm.