CN106403005B - Heat billing method based on user indoor temperature set meal - Google Patents
Heat billing method based on user indoor temperature set meal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106403005B CN106403005B CN201610838974.6A CN201610838974A CN106403005B CN 106403005 B CN106403005 B CN 106403005B CN 201610838974 A CN201610838974 A CN 201610838974A CN 106403005 B CN106403005 B CN 106403005B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1048—Counting of energy consumption
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of Multifunctional intelligent control terminal system for central heating, master controller is separately connected wire communication and wireless communication interface for being communicated with outside, the overall-in-one control schema valve group being connected respectively with master controller, wire communication and wireless communication interface for master controller and external communication, man-machine interface and power supervisor for detecting the sensor of heat supplying pipeline streamflow regime and for power supply to be interacted and received with user, overall-in-one control schema valve group is that the check valve assembly being connected with water outlet is provided on valve body, the valve driving assembly being connected with valve for driving valve, the lower part of valve body is provided with the temperature measurement component being connected with valve inner, controller is provided on valve driving assembly, the input terminal of the output end connection valve driving assembly of controller.The present invention can by locally, remotely controlled with automatic three kinds of modes user for parameters such as thermal pressure, flows, maintain the hydraulic equilibrium of system, while avoiding heat distribution uneven, reduce for thermal energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat supply control and charging method. In particular to a heat supply metering charging method based on a user indoor temperature package.
Background
At present, various metering and charging methods are used for centralized heating at home and abroad. In the case of foreign applications, the large-area usage of the meter metering method is currently used in countries such as finland, germany and austria, which is associated with the decentralized dwelling of these countries, mostly in single buildings. And the income level of residents in the countries is higher, the proportion of heat supply cost is lower, and deviation generated by the metering form can not cause great influence on the lives of the residents.
The domestic heat supply metering work has relatively late starting time, and has remarkable effect under the vigorous promotion of China, provinces and cities. Besides the popularization of the heat meter metering method, on the basis of referring to the advanced foreign experience, China develops several heat supply charging methods such as a temperature area method, a flow rate temperature method, a through period time area method and the like. The mathematical models used by these methods are all measured and charged based on the total heat consumed by the user, and this method seems fair and reasonable, but under careful analysis, there are significant problems.
Firstly, there are differences in the locations and structures of the houses and the construction times of the heat supply users, such as the side and middle houses, the male and female sides, the top and middle floors, the brick-concrete structure and the integrally cast structure, the presence of external wall insulation and the absence of external wall insulation, etc., which cause significant consequences in that the same heat consumption system is used, the indoor temperature experienced by the users, or the comfort level of heat supply is different.
Secondly, the user pays for heating expenses, and what is actually concerned about is the actual indoor temperature, namely the comfort level of the environment, and the attention to the heat itself is little or not basically concerned about. Even if the user pays attention to heat, the user cannot completely know various consumption links in the heating process, and the user passively receives the metering result of a heating company.
Thirdly, the current heat supply metering method is carried out based on the consumed heat, the problems of heat supply water quality, heat supply pipeline quality and the like are avoided, the investment of a plurality of heat supply companies is spread to resident users, and the fairness is lost. The resident user is paying under the same heat supply expense condition, and the heat supply of every year is experienced and all has the difference, and this makes resident's user experience very poor, and then produces and report the circumstances of stopping and increase, also causes very big impact to heating power company.
Fourthly, the final purpose of heat supply metering is energy conservation and emission reduction, the existing heat supply metering scheme tries to realize energy conservation by using less heat of users, and the fact that the energy conservation at the tail end in the heat supply process is realized by sacrificing the comfort level of the users is greatly unknown and is unfair and not responsible. For a heat supply company, no pressure of energy conservation and emission reduction exists, and the heat supply company can be spread on end users even if the pressure exists, so that the enthusiasm of the heat supply company on technology updating, detailed management and fine control is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a more reasonable and more humanized heat supply metering charging method based on the indoor temperature package of a user.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a heat supply metering charging method based on a user indoor temperature package comprises the following steps:
1) determining a heat charge metering principle: according to the change condition of the weather and temperature of the heating user in the past year and in combination with the heat preservation condition, the house type, the area and the position of the user building, the basic relationship between the indoor temperature of the user and the heat required by heat supply is determined:
QTotal＝Qneed+Qex+Qin............................................(1)
in the formula:
QTotaltotal heat provided by the heating company to the user
QneedDifferent temperatures in the user's roomHeat of hour needed
QexUser external wall body heat dissipation heat
QinHeat transfer in the user's premises
Wherein:
Qneed＝0.86×α×qv×(Tn-Tw)×FH...................................(2)
α — correction factor, which is a fixed value;
qv-Unit Heat index, fixed value
TnIndoor temperature
TwOutdoor temperature, of fixed value
F-heating area of each house, m is calculated according to building area2
H-building height, as a fixed value
Wherein,
α—1.67，qv—0.32，Tw-6 ℃ below zero, H-2.9 meters;
Qex＝Qwall body+QWeather (weather)+QHeat preservation+QDoor and window+QPosition of+QAdjustment of.....................................(3)
QWall bodyHeat removal by user wall structure and materials
QWeather (weather)Heat dissipation due to weather changes in the area of the user
QHeat preservationFactor influencing heat dissipation by user building heat preservation measures
QDoor and windowFactors influencing heat dissipation such as position, structure and material of user door and window
QPosition ofBy usingInfluence factor of position of house on heat dissipation capacity
QAdjustment ofAdjustment factor combining influence factors of user decoration and other factors of buildings on heat dissipation capacity
2) Criteria for user's heat rate package
Total heat Q provided to the user by the heating companyTotalObtaining the heat consumed in the heat supply process, and calculating the heat cost W of the heat supply operation according to the heat unit price GrPlus the cost of manpower, cost of electricity and tax W required for the company to operatezAnd obtaining the total heat supply cost, setting the profit rate of the company as t%, and obtaining the heat payment fee R of the user as follows:
R＝[G×QTotal+WZ]×(1+t％).................................(4)
that is, R ═ G × (Q)need+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)
In the formula, G, Qex、Qin、WzAnd t as a constant, QTotalRegarded as the indoor temperature TnAnd the heating area F of each household, so that the indoor temperature T is used for determining the heat rate packagenAnd the heating area F of each household.
The heat dissipation Q of the user outer wall body in the step 1)exThe value of (2) is determined by measuring and calculating the actual situation of the cell, and is used as a fixed value.
Heat quantity Q of heat transfer in user's room in step 1)inIs determined by the house type and the thickness of the wall material, and the numerical value is determined by actual measurement and calculation.
The indoor temperature T in the step 2)nAnd the heating area F of each household are divided into two factors, namely:
(1) first according to the indoor temperature TnDividing, different users selecting different temperature packagesAccording to the range of heat supply temperature and error condition of temperature measurement, 1 deg.C is selected as partition space, the temperature range is selected in the range of 10-26 deg.C, and the indoor temperature T is selected by partitionnDetermining the outdoor temperature T from the meteorological data of the areaw；
(2) The outdoor temperature T determined by the meteorological data of the area is determined by the heating area F selected by the userwAnd the heat radiation quantity Q of the external wall body of the user is determined according to the wall body heat preservation condition of the heat supply districtexAnd heat quantity Q of heat transfer in user's roominDetermining a plurality of combined packages, wherein a specific expression is as follows:
RTn&F＝[G×(0.86×1.67×0.32×(Tn-Tw)×F×2.9+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)..................(6)；
(3) determining a temperature T in the room according to the formula in the step (2)nAnd the heating area F is a two-bit table with horizontal and vertical coordinates for users to select.
The two-bit table is as follows:
R1-R28 in the table are 28 different package charging criteria.
According to the heat supply metering charging method based on the user indoor temperature package, heat supply metering charging is carried out in the form of heat supply comfort level, namely the indoor temperature package, so that the payment of the user is linked with the heat supply comfort level, different indoor temperature packages are taken as charging bases, the mode of hanging hooks of consumed heat and payment amount in the traditional heat supply metering is cancelled, and the relation between the heat supply experience of the user and the heat charge is more visual and reasonable. Various adjustment coefficients or allocation schemes can be abandoned in the actual operation process, different temperature corresponding to different packages is achieved, different fees are paid, the high-fee-collection and high-experience form is achieved, the payment of users is more flexible, the experience is more visual, and the autonomy and the comfort level of heat supply users are improved. In addition, the method can promote heat supply companies to continuously innovate technology, continuously improve heat supply water quality, update heat supply facilities, reasonably allocate, perfect management and improve service in the process of profit by profit, and achieve the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction from the source.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of a multifunctional intelligent control terminal system for central heating according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an external view of the integrated valve block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the integrated valve pack of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the overall architecture of the intelligent controller of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic of a control unit in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit schematic of a receiving unit in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit schematic of a transmit unit in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a circuit schematic of a 232 communication unit in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a circuit schematic of a communication interface in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a circuit schematic of a power interface circuit in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a display unit in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the installation position of the multifunctional intelligent control terminal system for central heating according to the invention.
In the drawings
1: the valve body 11: water inlet
12: a water outlet 13: valve with a valve body
2: check valve assembly 21: lower end cap
22: gasket 23: h-shaped nut
24: magnet 25: magnet rack
26: magnetic induction switch 27: upper end cap
28: a valve flap 3: valve drive assembly
31: the motor 32: coupling device
33: the transmission shaft 34: guide nut
35: scale disk 4: temperature measuring assembly
41: fastening the nut 42: sealing ring
43: temperature measuring element 431: temperature measuring head
432: lower fixing body 5: controller
51: the control unit 52: receiving unit
53: the transmission unit 54: communication interface
55: 232 communication unit 56: display unit
100: multifunctional intelligent control terminal system for central heating
200: temperature monitoring device A: main controller
B: an integrated control valve group C: wire communication and wireless communication interface
D: a sensor E: human-machine interface and power manager
Detailed Description
The heating metering charging method based on the user indoor temperature package of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiment and the accompanying drawings.
According to the heat supply metering charging method based on the user indoor temperature package, disclosed by the invention, the heat supply experience of the user is focused, the heat supply package taking the user indoor temperature as the standard is formulated through investigation and research, the factors such as the house type area, the geographical position and the heat transfer among users are taken into consideration, and the heat supply package is packaged into a temperature package form for the user to select, so that the method is simple and visual. Under the similar position and house type conditions in the same area, the indoor temperature value of the user and the heat supply cost paid by the user are in a linear relation, and the factors such as heat supply loss and the like are classified to heat supply enterprises.
The invention relates to a heat supply metering charging method based on a user indoor temperature package, which comprises the following steps:
1) determining a heat charge metering principle: according to the change condition of the weather and temperature of the heating user in the past year and in combination with the heat preservation condition, the house type, the area and the position of the user building, the basic relationship between the indoor temperature of the user and the heat required by heat supply is determined:
QTotal＝Qneed+Qex+Qin..............................................(1)
in the formula:
QTotaltotal heat provided by the heating company to the user
QneedHeat demand at different temperatures in the user's room
Qex-heat dissipation of user's external wall, said heat dissipation Q of user's external wallexThe value of (a) is determined by measuring and calculating the actual situation of the cell, and can be used as a fixed value in the actual heat consumption,
Qin-the heat transferred in the user's premises,the heat transfer quantity Q in the user roominIs determined by the house type and the thickness of the wall material, the numerical value is determined by actual measurement and calculation,
wherein:
Qneed＝0.86×α×qv×(Tn-Tw)×FH...................................(2)
α — correction factor, which is a fixed value;
qv-Unit Heat index, fixed value
TnIndoor temperature
TwOutdoor temperature, of fixed value
F-heating area of each house, m is calculated according to building area2
H-building height, as a fixed value
Wherein, in general calculation, the fixed values are selected as follows:
α—1.67，qv—0.32，Tw-6 ℃ below zero, H-2.9 meters;
it can be seen that QneedThe main indoor temperature T is calculatednAnd is related to the user heating area F.
Qex＝QWall body+QWeather (weather)+QHeat preservation+QDoor and window+QPosition of+QAdjustment of......................................(3)
QWall bodyHeat removal by user wall structure and materials
QWeather (weather)Heat dissipation due to weather changes in the area of the user
QHeat preservationFactor influencing heat dissipation by user building heat preservation measures
QDoor and window-the user door and window position,Influence factors of structure, material and the like on heat dissipation
QPosition ofInfluence of the location of the user's premises (edge, middle, top, bottom, etc.) on the heat output
QAdjustment ofAdjustment factor combining influence factors of user decoration and other factors of buildings on heat dissipation capacity
2) Criteria for user's heat rate package
Total heat Q provided to the user by the heating companyTotalObtaining the heat consumed in the heat supply process, and calculating the heat cost W of the heat supply operation according to the heat unit price GrPlus the cost of manpower, cost of electricity and tax W required for the company to operatezAnd obtaining the total heat supply cost, setting the profit rate of the company as t%, and obtaining the heat payment fee R of the user as follows:
R＝[G×QTotal+WZ]×(1+t％).................................(4)
that is, R ═ G × (Q)need+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)
In the formula, G, Qex、Qin、WzAnd t as a constant, QTotalRegarded as the indoor temperature TnAnd the heating area F of each household, so that the indoor temperature T is used for determining the heat rate packagenAnd the heating area F of each household.
The indoor temperature TnAnd the heating area F of each household are divided into the following two factors:
(1) first according to the indoor temperature TnDividing, selecting different temperature packages by different users, such as young people who want to keep the indoor temperature at 20 degrees; the temperature expected by the baby or the old at home is about 24 ℃, 1 ℃ is selected as a division area according to the range of the heat supply temperature and the error condition of temperature measurement, and the temperature range is selectedSetting the temperature in the range of 10-26 deg.c and selecting indoor temperature TnDetermining the outdoor temperature T from the meteorological data of the areaw；
(2) The outdoor temperature T determined by the meteorological data of the area is determined by the heating area F selected by the userwAnd the heat radiation quantity Q of the external wall body of the user is determined according to the wall body heat preservation condition of the heat supply districtexAnd heat quantity Q of heat transfer in user's roominDetermining a plurality of combined packages, wherein a specific expression is as follows:
RTn&F＝[G×(0.86×1.67×0.32×(Tn-Tw)×F×2.9+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)..................(5)；
for example: the temperature in a heat supply room selected by a user is 18 ℃, the average temperature in the heat supply season of the area is-5 ℃, the area of the user is 75 square meters, and the heat fee required by the user is
R＝[G×(0.86×1.67×0.32×(18+5)×75×2.9+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)
(3) Determining a temperature T in the room according to the formula in the step (2)nAnd the heating area F is a two-bit table with horizontal and vertical coordinates for users to select. The two-bit table is as follows:
R1-R28 in the table are 28 different package charging criteria. And the set of meal refinement can be carried out according to different positions, different wall heat preservation and the like in different regions and house types.
The invention discloses a heat supply metering charging method based on a user indoor temperature package.A hardware system required for implementation comprises a user indoor temperature control terminal, an intelligent regulating valve and a heat supply data acquisition system. The user indoor temperature control terminal has the functions of temperature acquisition, recording and transmission, can acquire the indoor temperature of a user in real time and transmit the indoor temperature to the controller of the intelligent regulating valve, and maintains the stability of the indoor temperature of the user through the regulation of the opening degree of the valve; the intelligent regulating valve has the advantages that the intelligent regulating valve has data acquisition, calculation and regulation functions, acquired data comprise indoor temperature of a user (from an indoor temperature control terminal), real-time heat supply water temperature, information such as valve opening and the like, a main user with the calculation function obtains valve opening variation, the regulation function is divided into two parts, one part of user hydraulic balance is regulated, the opening of the valve of the other part of user is regulated, and refined heat supply control of household control and household regulation is achieved.
The heat supply metering charging method based on the user indoor temperature package can acquire the information of the user indoor temperature package through a multifunctional intelligent control terminal system for centralized heat supply. As shown in fig. 1, a multi-functional intelligent control terminal system for central heating, including main control unit A, main control unit A connect respectively and be used for carrying out the wired communication and the wireless communication interface C of communication with the outside, respectively with main control unit A integrated control valves B that link to each other, be used for main control unit A and the wired communication and the wireless communication interface C of outside communication, be used for detecting the sensor D of heat supply pipeline rivers state and be used for carrying out human-computer interface and the power manager E of interdynamic and receiving power with the user. The sensor D comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the water flow of the heat supply pipeline, a flow sensor for detecting the flow of the water flow of the heat supply pipeline and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the water flow of the heat supply pipeline. The flow sensor can monitor the flow condition of the indoor pipeline of the user in real time, and the pipeline is turned off in time once leakage occurs, so that property loss of the user is avoided. This function can also prevent that the user from maliciously stealing and putting the heating circulating water, reduces heating system's operational risk. Wherein,
the main controller A is composed of a 32 control chip with the model of MSP430, STM32 or LTC 1700. The main task is to run a control scheme and a strategy, collect and process external sensor signals, process wired and wireless communication data, send an instruction to control the integrated valve bank to act, receive a user instruction through an HMI (human-computer interface keyboard and screen) and display corresponding information.
The temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flow sensor are as follows: the main application is to measure the parameters of the temperature, flow and pressure of the heating air of a heat supply user and output the parameters to the main controller A in the form of electric signals.
The wired communication and wireless communication interface comprises: the intelligent control system is responsible for communication connection of a terminal host, a user temperature controller, a heat supply control center (a monitoring center of a heat supply company) and an integrated valve set, the adopted wireless communication mode is in the form of Bluetooth, radio frequency, mobile communication and the like, and the wired communication uses an MBUS protocol.
As shown in fig. 2, the integrated control valve group B includes a valve body 1 having a water inlet 11, a water outlet 12 and a valve 13 located between the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 for adjusting water flow, and a pressing body 6 is further disposed at the water inlet of the valve body 1. Be provided with on the valve body 1 with delivery port 12 link to each other and be used for detecting out the check valve subassembly 2 of discharge, valve body 1 on still be provided with valve 13 link to each other and be used for driving valve 13 and adjust the valve drive assembly 3 of discharge through the aperture of self, the lower part of valve body 1 is provided with and links to each other with valve body 1 inside and is used for detecting the temperature measurement subassembly 4 of 1 interior rivers temperature of valve body, be provided with on the valve drive assembly 3 signal input part respectively with check valve subassembly 2 and temperature measurement subassembly 4 link to each other and are used for gathering the controller 5 of 1 interior water flow signal of valve body and rivers temperature signal, the output of controller 5 is connected the input of valve drive assembly 3 for pass through the control of valve drive assembly 3 according to the water flow signal who gathers the aperture angle of valve 13.
As shown in fig. 3, the check valve assembly 2 includes: the lower part of the H-shaped nut 23 is connected into the upper port of the valve body 1 through an external thread, and a sealing gasket 22 is arranged between the H-shaped nut 23 and the upper port of the valve body 1. An upper end cover 27 is covered on the upper groove cover of the H-shaped nut 23, and a lower end cover 21 positioned in the valve body 1 is arranged on the lower end opening of the lower groove of the H-shaped nut 23; a magnetic induction switch 26 connected with the controller 5 is arranged in a groove in the upper part of the H-shaped nut 23, and the magnetic induction switch 26 is a reed switch or a proximity switch or a Hall switch. The upper end cover 27 is provided with a line passing hole for connecting the magnetic induction switch 26 with the controller 5; a magnet 24 is arranged in a groove at the lower part of the H-shaped nut 23 through a magnet frame 25, the lower part of the magnet frame 25 penetrates through the lower hole cover 21 and is positioned in the water outlet 12 of the valve body 1, and a valve clack 28 is arranged at the lower part of the magnet frame 25, wherein the valve clack 28 can drive the magnet frame 25 to rotate at a certain angle in a fixed axis manner under the action of water flow, so that the magnetic switch 26 is switched on or off through the magnetic force of the magnet 24.
When water enters the valve body from the right end of the valve body 1, the valve clack 28 deflects to touch the magnetic induction switch 26, and the system works normally; when the flow of water entering the valve body 1 is small or none, the valve flap 28 closes gradually, the effect of the magnetic field on the magnetic switch 26 disappears, and the system is closed without working properly. I.e. the flap 28 is in zero position, the valve 1 is closed.
The temperature measuring component 4 comprises a temperature measuring element 43 connected with the controller 5, and a temperature measuring head 431 of the temperature measuring element 43 is inserted into the water passing channel of the valve 13 and is arranged in the closed cavity of the water. The lower fixing body 432 of the temperature measuring element 43 is fixed at the bottom opening of the valve body 1 by a fastening nut 41 and sealed by a sealing ring 42. The temperature of the water is fed back to the controller 5 by the temperature measuring element 43; the regulation and the shutoff of water flow are realized by the controller 5 through driving the valve by the control valve driving component 3. When the temperature is lower than the required value, the water supply temperature or flow of the system is properly adjusted to meet the requirement of the heat supply temperature.
The valve driving assembly 3 comprises a motor 31 with a signal input end connected with the controller 5, and a transmission shaft 33 with one end connected with an output shaft of the motor 31 through a coupling 32, wherein the other end of the transmission shaft 33 penetrates through an upper opening of the valve body 1 and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the valve 13, so that the water flow of the valve body 1 is adjusted by driving the opening of the valve 13 under the control of the controller 5. The lower part of the transmission shaft 33 is arranged on the upper part of the valve body 1 through a guide nut 34, and the periphery of the guide nut 34 is also sleeved with a dial 35 for checking the rotating angle of the transmission shaft 33.
Fig. 3 shows the valve in the valve body 1 as a valve, but the valve according to the present invention is not limited to a valve, and may be a butterfly valve, a gate valve, or the like.
The controller 5 comprises a 16-bit analog quantity conversion channel, can receive analog signals for a meter of 4-20mA or 0-5V, and can also receive signals of a digital meter through a field bus protocol such as Modbus. And an Mbus protocol is adopted between the intelligent controller and the centralized control center, so that the centralized measurement of information, the remote change of control valve parameters and the long-term monitoring of data are facilitated. And wired or wireless communication can be realized by matching with remote communication modules such as GPRS and the like. The intelligent control system can be matched with different types of electric control execution components in the modes of thyristors, relays and the like, and is used for driving a turn-off mechanism of the valve.
As shown in fig. 4, the controller 5 includes a control unit 51, a receiving unit 52 for receiving a remote control signal, a transmitting unit 53 and 232 communication unit 55 for uploading data, a display unit 56 for field debugging and use, and a power source interface circuit, which are respectively connected to the control unit 51, wherein the receiving unit 52, the transmitting unit 53 and the 232 communication unit 55 are respectively connected to a communication bus MBUS through a communication interface 54, and GPIO terminals of the control unit 51 are respectively connected to the motor 31 in the valve driving assembly 3, the magnetic sensor 26 in the check valve assembly 2, and the temperature measuring element 43 in the temperature measuring assembly 4. Wherein:
the control unit 21 may adopt a control chip with model number MSP430 or LPC 1768. As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention uses a control chip of model STM32F 103.
The main tasks of the receiving unit 22 and the transmitting unit 23 are to complete the transmission and reception of data signals through the circuits of fig. 6 and 7, and the specific process conforms to the communication standard of the MBUS protocol.
The 232 communication unit 25 may adopt a serial port communication chip with a model number SP3232 or MAX 3250. As shown in fig. 8, the communication chip with the model of MAX3232CSE is adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, and the limb 13 and the foot 14 of the MAX3232CSE are the receiving and sending terminals of the serial port chip.
As shown in fig. 9, the communication interface 24 is provided with a 232 communication terminal, a 485 communication terminal, and an MBUS communication terminal, respectively. The power interface circuit is shown in fig. 10. The display unit 26 is shown in fig. 11.
In the integrated control valve group B, the opening of the valve 13 in the valve body 1 is a certain angle under the action of the controller 5 and the transmission shaft 33, so that the flow can be adjusted; when the controller 5 receives a system signal, the transmission shaft 33 is controlled to drive the valve 13 to rotate by 90 degrees, and the valve 1 can be closed.
As shown in fig. 12, a temperature monitoring device 200 is disposed at one or more locations in the user's room to transmit the heating temperature information of the user in real time. The temperature monitoring device 200 sends the temperature of different indoor positions to the main controller A in the multifunctional intelligent control terminal system 100 for central heating through the wired communication interface C and the wired communication interface C in the multifunctional intelligent control terminal system 100 for central heating, and the main controller A adjusts the heating state of a user through the integrated control valve group B.
Claims (5)
1. A heat supply metering charging method based on a user indoor temperature package is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining a heat charge metering principle: according to the change condition of the weather and temperature of the heating user in the past year and in combination with the heat preservation condition, the house type, the area and the position of the user building, the basic relationship between the indoor temperature of the user and the heat required by heat supply is determined:
QTotal＝Qneed+Qex+Qin………………………………………………………(1)
in the formula:
QTotaltotal heat provided by the heating company to the user
QneedHeat demand at different temperatures in the user's room
QexUser external wall body heat dissipation heat
QinHeat transfer in the user's premises
Wherein:
Qneed＝0.86×α×qv×(Tn-Tw)×FH…………………………………………(2)
α — correction factor, which is a fixed value;
qv-Unit Heat index, fixed value
TnIndoor temperature
TwOutdoor temperature, of fixed value
F-heating area of each house, m is calculated according to building area2
H-building height, as a fixed value
Wherein,
α—1.67，qv—0.32，Tw-6 ℃ below zero, H-2.9 meters;
Qex＝Qwall body+QWeather (weather)+QHeat preservation+QDoor and window+QPosition of+QAdjustment of…………………………………(3)
QWall bodyHeat removal by user wall structure and materials
QWeather (weather)Heat dissipation due to weather changes in the area of the user
QHeat preservationFactor influencing heat dissipation by user building heat preservation measures
QDoor and windowInfluence factors of position, structure and material of user door and window on heat dissipation
QPosition of-influence of the location of the user's premises on the heat output
QAdjustment ofAdjustment factor combining influence factors of user decoration and other factors of buildings on heat dissipation capacity
2) Criteria for user's heat rate package
Total heat Q provided to the user by the heating companyTotalObtaining the heat consumed in the heat supply process, and calculating the heat cost W of the heat supply operation according to the heat unit price GrPlus the cost of manpower, cost of electricity and tax W required for the company to operatezAnd obtaining the total heat supply cost, setting the profit rate of the company as t%, and obtaining the heat payment fee R of the user as follows:
R＝[G×QTotal+WZ]×(1+t％)………………………………(4)
that is, R ═ G × (Q)need+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)
In the formula, G, Qex、Qin、WzAnd t as a constant, QTotalRegarded as the indoor temperature TnAnd the heating area F of each household, so that the indoor temperature T is used for determining the heat rate packagenAnd the heating area F of each household.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat quantity Q dissipated from the external wall of the user in step 1) is equal to or higher than the heat quantity Q dissipated from the external wall of the userexThe value of (2) is determined by measuring and calculating the actual situation of the cell, and is used as a fixed value.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat quantity Q transferred in the user's room in step 1)inIs determined by the house type and the thickness of the wall material, and the numerical value is determined by actual measurement and calculation.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 2) is performed at said indoor temperature TnAnd the heating area F of each household are divided into two factors, namely:
(1) first according to the indoor temperature TnDividing, selecting different temperature packages by different users, selecting 1 ℃ as a division interval according to the range of heat supply temperature and the error condition of temperature measurement, selecting the temperature range within the range of 10-26 ℃, and selecting the indoor temperature T by divisionnOutdoor temperature TwAt-6 deg.C;
(2) the outdoor temperature T determined by the meteorological data of the area is determined by the heating area F selected by the userwAnd the heat radiation quantity Q of the external wall body of the user is determined according to the wall body heat preservation condition of the heat supply districtexAnd heat quantity Q of heat transfer in user's roominDetermining a plurality of combined packages, wherein a specific expression is as follows:
RTn&F＝[G×(0.86×1.67×0.32×(Tn-Tw)×F×2.9+Qex+Qin)+WZ]×(1+t％)………(6)；
(3) determining a temperature T in the room according to the formula in the step (2)nAnd the heating area F is a two-dimensional table with horizontal and vertical coordinates for users to select.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the two-dimensional table is as follows:
R1-R28 in the table are 28 different package charging criteria.
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| CN108062664A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-22 | 吉林省土木建筑学会 | A kind of heating charge method based on user's indoor actual temperature in Heating Period |
| CN108561945B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2020-06-16 | 天津欣顺科技有限公司 | Remote control device and method for heat accumulating type electric heater |
| CN109668205A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-23 | 于春光 | It is a kind of that efficiently precisely hot instrument is controlled in heating |
| CN109974076A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-07-05 | 深圳市丰利源节能科技有限公司 | A kind of staged charging per heat method based on setting temperature |
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