CN106316400A - 一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤包括：(1)球磨混料、(2)素坯成型、(3)中温碳化、(4)高温渗Si、(5)后续处理；本工艺中粘接剂选用酚醛树脂，获得素坯的强度完全满足机加工的强度要求，经过固化后酚醛树脂会形成交联网状结构，具有优秀的机械强度。本工艺中步骤(4)进行了高温渗Si，制备反应烧结SiC材料主要是依靠液相Si向SiC素坯中溶渗，并与素坯中C发生反应生成二次SiC填充材料间隙，获取致密化材料。用此工艺制得的茶壶不仅强度、硬度高，而且耐腐蚀、耐高温。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及杯具造领域，更具体的说是一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺。
背景技术
SiC是一种典型的Si与C共价键结合的化合物，在自然界分布极少，工业上应用的都是人工合成的材料。早在1891年，Acheson在合成金刚石实验中，往C中加Si作为催化剂，生成SiC，被误认为是金刚石，所以取名金刚砂。SiC陶瓷是近几十年才发展起来的新型陶瓷材料，但由于其特别优良的高强度、高硬度、耐腐蚀、耐高温等性能，得到大规模的开发应用，已大量应用于石油化工、冶金、机械、航空航天、微电子、汽车、钢铁等领域，并日益显示出其它特种陶瓷所无法比拟的优点。目前利用此材料制造茶壶的工艺方法相对较少和不完善。
发明内容
本发明提供一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，为实现本发明的目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤为：
(1)球磨混料：采用湿法混料的方法，将原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑置于行星式球磨机中5-10h后取出，经干燥、破碎后过100目筛备用；
(2)素坯成型：称取上述混料装入成型模具中，施加设定的成型压力70-180MPa，保压1-2min，之后将压坯置于80-100℃烘箱中干燥，再于200-250℃下固化2-3h；
(3)中温碳化：将固化后的素坯放在中温管式炉中碳化，通入氩气，调节碳化温度在800-900℃，保温2-3h；
(4)高温渗Si：先将Si颗粒装填入石墨坩埚内，再将陶瓷素坯置于Si颗粒上方，连同石墨坩埚置于石墨碳管炉中进行熔渗烧结；
(5)后续处理：用金刚石磨盘将熔渗烧结后的毛坯进行打磨。
优选的，所述步骤(1)中原料为SiC粉末、溶剂为无水乙醇、粘接剂为酚醛树脂，其中原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑的加入质量比为5:3:1:1。
优选的，所述步骤(1)中球磨机中，球磨介质选用直径为5-8mm的玛瑙球，球磨罐采用Al2O3陶瓷。
优选的，所述步骤(4)中烧结条件为：真空度0.5-1Pa，最高温度1500-1600℃，烧结时间为0.5-2h。
优选的，所述步骤(5)中，打磨时其转盘速度控制在1000-2000r/min。
优选的，步骤(5)打磨过后，需对成型品进行超声清洗，之后进行干燥、包装。
有益效果：本发明提供一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤包括：(1)球磨混料、(2)素坯成型、(3)中温碳化、(4)高温渗Si、(5)后续处理；本工艺中粘接剂选用酚醛树脂，获得素坯的强度完全满足机加工的强度要求，经过固化后酚醛树脂会形成交联网状结构，具有优秀的机械强度。本工艺中步骤(4)进行了高温渗Si，制备反应烧结SiC材料主要是依靠液相Si向SiC素坯中溶渗，并与素坯中C发生反应生成二次SiC填充材料间隙，获取致密化材料。用此工艺制得的茶壶不仅强度、硬度高，而且耐腐蚀、耐高温。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1：
一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤为：
(1)球磨混料：采用湿法混料的方法，将原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑置于行星式球磨机中5h后取出，经干燥、破碎后过100目筛备用；
(2)素坯成型：称取上述混料装入成型模具中，施加设定的成型压力70MPa，保压1min，之后将压坯置于80℃烘箱中干燥，再于200℃下固化2h；
(3)中温碳化：将固化后的素坯放在中温管式炉中碳化，通入氩气，调节碳化温度在800℃，保温2h；
(4)高温渗Si：先将Si颗粒装填入石墨坩埚内，再将陶瓷素坯置于Si颗粒上方，连同石墨坩埚置于石墨碳管炉中进行熔渗烧结；
(5)后续处理：用金刚石磨盘将熔渗烧结后的毛坯进行打磨。
其中，所述步骤(1)中原料为SiC粉末、溶剂为无水乙醇、粘接剂为酚醛树脂，其中原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑的加入质量比为5:3:1:1，球磨机中，球磨介质选用直径为5mm的玛瑙球，球磨罐采用Al2O3陶瓷，所述步骤(4)中烧结条件为：真空度0.5Pa，最高温度1500℃，烧结时间为0.5h，所述步骤(5)中，打磨时其转盘速度控制在1000r/min，步骤(5)打磨过后，需对成型品进行超声清洗，之后进行干燥、包装。
实施例2：
一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤为：
(1)球磨混料：采用湿法混料的方法，将原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑置于行星式球磨机中8h后取出，经干燥、破碎后过100目筛备用；
(2)素坯成型：称取上述混料装入成型模具中，施加设定的成型压力100MPa，保压1.5min，之后将压坯置于90℃烘箱中干燥，再于220℃下固化2.5h；
(3)中温碳化：将固化后的素坯放在中温管式炉中碳化，通入氩气，调节碳化温度在850℃，保温2.5h；
(4)高温渗Si：先将Si颗粒装填入石墨坩埚内，再将陶瓷素坯置于Si颗粒上方，连同石墨坩埚置于石墨碳管炉中进行熔渗烧结；
(5)后续处理：用金刚石磨盘将熔渗烧结后的毛坯进行打磨。
其中，所述步骤(1)中原料为SiC粉末、溶剂为无水乙醇、粘接剂为酚醛树脂，其中原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑的加入质量比为5:3:1:1，球磨机中，球磨介质选用直径为7mm的玛瑙球，球磨罐采用Al2O3陶瓷，所述步骤(4)中烧结条件为：真空度0.7Pa，最高温度1550℃，烧结时间为1h，所述步骤(5)中，打磨时其转盘速度控制在1500r/min，步骤(5)打磨过后，需对成型品进行超声清洗，之后进行干燥、包装。
实施例3：
一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤为：
(1)球磨混料：采用湿法混料的方法，将原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑置于行星式球磨机中10h后取出，经干燥、破碎后过100目筛备用；
(2)素坯成型：称取上述混料装入成型模具中，施加设定的成型压力180MPa，保压2min，之后将压坯置于100℃烘箱中干燥，再于250℃下固化3h；
(3)中温碳化：将固化后的素坯放在中温管式炉中碳化，通入氩气，调节碳化温度在900℃，保温3h；
(4)高温渗Si：先将Si颗粒装填入石墨坩埚内，再将陶瓷素坯置于Si颗粒上方，连同石墨坩埚置于石墨碳管炉中进行熔渗烧结；
(5)后续处理：用金刚石磨盘将熔渗烧结后的毛坯进行打磨。
其中，所述步骤(1)中原料为SiC粉末、溶剂为无水乙醇、粘接剂为酚醛树脂，其中原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑的加入质量比为5:3:1:1，球磨机中，球磨介质选用直径为8mm的玛瑙球，球磨罐采用Al2O3陶瓷，所述步骤(4)中烧结条件为：真空度1Pa，最高温度1600℃，烧结时间为2h，所述步骤(5)中，打磨时其转盘速度控制在2000r/min，步骤(5)打磨过后，需对成型品进行超声清洗，之后进行干燥、包装。
| 素坯密度 | 陶瓷强度 | 洛氏硬度 | |
| 实施例1 | 1.706g/cm3 | 12MPa | 35HR |
| 实施例2 | 1.905g/cm3 | 18MPa | 48HR |
| 实施例3 | 1.746g/cm3 | 13MPa | 39HR |
| 现有的技术参数 | 1.521g/cm3 | 6MPa | 31HR |
通过上述表格数据可以看出，本发明生产的茶壶技术参数相对现有的技术参数要好，当使用实施例2参数时，生产出的茶壶密度高、陶瓷的强度和硬度也较高，此时最有利于茶壶的生产。
本发明提供一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其步骤包括：(1)球磨混料、(2)素坯成型、(3)中温碳化、(4)高温渗Si、(5)后续处理；本工艺中粘接剂选用酚醛树脂，获得素坯的强度完全满足机加工的强度要求，经过固化后酚醛树脂会形成交联网状结构，具有优秀的机械强度。本工艺中步骤(4)进行了高温渗Si，制备反应烧结SiC材料主要是依靠液相Si向SiC素坯中溶渗，并与素坯中C发生反应生成二次SiC填充材料间隙，获取致密化材料。用此工艺制得的茶壶不仅强度、硬度高，而且耐腐蚀、耐高温。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其特征在于，其步骤为：
(1)球磨混料：采用湿法混料的方法，将原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑置于行星式球磨机中5-10h后取出，经干燥、破碎后过100目筛备用；
(2)素坯成型：称取上述混料装入成型模具中，施加设定的成型压力70-180MPa，保压1-2min，之后将压坯置于80-100℃烘箱中干燥，再于200-250℃下固化2-3h；
(3)中温碳化：将固化后的素坯放在中温管式炉中碳化，通入氩气，调节碳化温度在800-900℃，保温2-3h；
(4)高温渗Si：先将Si颗粒装填入石墨坩埚内，再将陶瓷素坯置于Si颗粒上方，连同石墨坩埚置于石墨碳管炉中进行熔渗烧结；
(5)后续处理：用金刚石磨盘将熔渗烧结后的毛坯进行打磨。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中原料为SiC粉末、溶剂为无水乙醇、粘接剂为酚醛树脂，其中原料、溶剂、粘接剂和炭黑的加入质量比为5:3:1:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中球磨机中，球磨介质选用直径为5-8mm的玛瑙球，球磨罐采用Al2O3陶瓷。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)中烧结条件为：真空度0.5-1Pa，最高温度1500-1600℃，烧结时间为0.5-2h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(5)中，打磨时其转盘速度控制在1000-2000r/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷茶壶生产工艺，其特征在于，步骤(5)打磨过后，需对成型品进行超声清洗，之后进行干燥、包装。
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| CN115555509A (zh) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-03 | 江西中鼎金属工艺有限公司 | 一种铜包银一体茶壶的加工方法 |
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