CN106303810A - Sound bearing based on directional sound sensor judgment means and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides tool directive sound transducer, including sound collection chamber, arranges sound channel, arrange silencing cavity between the outer wall in described sound channel and sound collection chamber in the middle part of described sound collection chamber, arranges soft quieter material in silencing cavity.Described software quieter material is preferably polyester acoustical cotton.Miaow head cavity is set bottom described sound channel, in described miaow head cavity, miaow head is set.Miaow head is connected with sound processing chip, processes the sound gathered.The sound transducer of the present invention has directivity, form Sounnd source direction judgment means based on directional sound sensor or orientation judgment means, the identification to target sound source and tracking can be realized, achieve plane and steric environment Sounnd source direction identification, decrease circuit and software algorithm design, reduce cost, be with a wide range of applications.

Description

Apparatus and method for judging sound source direction based on directional sound sensor

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of sound collection equipment, in particular to a sound source direction judgment device and method based on a directional sound sensor.

Background technique

At present, most audio acquisition devices such as microphones or pickups usually adopt a spherical structure in order to receive as much sound as possible from all directions, but they often do not have the function of judging the direction of the sound source.

In some specific applications, the device needs to judge the direction and orientation of the sound source, such as some anti-theft monitoring equipment, fire safety monitoring equipment, classroom recording equipment and robots, etc., it is necessary to judge the orientation of the person or object making the sound, in order to achieve the target Automatic tracking.

At present, most of the sound source tracking methods are implemented by circuits or software, the accuracy cannot be guaranteed, and the cost is high, but there is no hardware device that can judge the sound direction. Therefore, a sound source direction judgment device and method are developed. , it is of great significance to realize the judgment and identification of the position of the sound source.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a sound source orientation judgment device and method based on a directional sound sensor to realize the positioning and identification of the sound source. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

The directional sound sensor is characterized in that it includes a sound collection chamber 2, a sound channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the sound collection chamber 2, and a sound-absorbing chamber 1 is arranged between the sound passage 4 and the outer wall of the sound-collecting chamber 2, and the sound-absorbing chamber 1 A soft sound-absorbing material is arranged inside; a microphone chamber 5 is provided at the bottom of the sound channel 4, and a microphone is provided in the microphone chamber 5.

Further, the software sound-absorbing material is polyester sound-absorbing cotton.

The sound source direction judging device based on the directional sound sensor includes 4 directional sound sensors arranged in the same plane, the directional sound sensors are arranged at intervals of 90° with a certain point as the center, and the microphones of the sound sensors are all Connect with central processing chip 6.

The sound source direction judging device based on directional sound sensors includes 6 directional sound sensors arranged in the space, and the directional sound sensors take a certain point as the center according to the intervals of up, down, left, right, front and back by 90 ° arrangement, the microphones of the sound sensors are all connected with the central processing chip 6.

The sound source direction judging method based on the sound source direction judging device is carried out according to the following steps:

A: Establish a plane coordinate system with the center of the directional sensor in the four directions as the origin, and set the quadrant;

B: 4 directional sensors arranged in different directions respectively collect the signal of the sound source and transmit it to the central processing chip. The strength of the sound signal is respectively recorded as S1, S2, S3, and S4;

C: Select the two largest values among S1, S2, S3, and S4. The one along the X-axis is marked as Sx, and the one along the Y-axis is marked as Sy. That is, the direction of the sound source corresponds to the directional sensor sound of Sx and Sy. The direction is the closest to get the quadrant where the sound source is located;

D: According to the formula Calculate the angle α between the sound source direction and the X axis

E: Determine the direction of the sound source according to the quadrant where the sound source is located and the angle α.

The sound source direction judgment method based on the sound source direction judgment device is carried out in the following steps:

A: Establish a spatial coordinate system with the center of the directional sensor in six directions as the origin, and set the first to eighth quadrants;

B: Six directional sensors arranged in different directions respectively collect the signal of the sound source and transmit it to the central processing chip. The strength of the sound signal is respectively recorded as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6;

C: Select the two largest values among S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6. The one along the X-axis is marked as Sx, the one along the Y-axis is marked as Sy, and the one along the Z-axis is marked as Sz, that is The sound source direction is the closest to the sound direction of the directional sensor corresponding to Sx, Sy, Sz, so as to obtain the quadrant where the sound source is located;

D: According to the formula Calculate the angle α between the sound source direction and the X axis in the X and Y planes According to the formula Calculate the angle β between the sound source direction and the X axis in the X and Z planes Calculate the spatial angle γ between the sound source direction and the X-axis according to the angle α and the angle β

E: Determine the direction of the sound source according to the quadrant where the sound source is located and the spatial angle γ.

The sound source direction judging device and method based on the directional sound sensor provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

First, it has the function of direction selection. It only receives the sound in the direction of the sound channel, and the sound transmitted in other directions is obviously weakened. It expands the function of the sound sensor and is suitable for a wide range of occasions. It improves the hardware for judging the direction of the sound source and tracking. support;

Second, the unique design of the sound-absorbing cavity, combined with specific sound-absorbing materials, has a good effect on the sound attenuation from other directions; the structure is simple and easy to integrate.

Third: It can realize the direction recognition of plane and three-dimensional environmental sound sources, which reduces the design of circuits and software algorithms, and reduces the cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the directional sound sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the sound source direction judging device based on the directional sound sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the calculation schematic diagram of the sound source direction judgment method based on the directional sound sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure and calculation method of the sound source direction judging device based on the directional sound sensor of the present invention.

Labels in the figure:

1: Silencer cavity; 2: Sound collection cavity; 3: Microphone; 4: Sound channel; 5: Microphone cavity; 6: Central processing chip; 7: Sound source.

detailed description

The directional acoustic sensor of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the sound sensor with directionality comprises sound collection chamber 2, and sound passage 4 is set in the middle part of described sound collection chamber 2, and muffler chamber 1 is set between described sound passage 4 and the outer wall of sound collection chamber 2, Soft sound-absorbing material is arranged in the sound-absorbing cavity 1 . The opening of the sound-absorbing chamber 1 gradually narrows from the sound channel 4 to the outer wall of the sound collection chamber 2 . The software sound-absorbing material is preferably polyester sound-absorbing cotton. A microphone chamber 5 is arranged at the bottom of the sound channel 4, and a microphone is arranged in the microphone chamber 5. The microphone is connected with the sound processing chip to process the collected sound.

The directional sound sensor of the present invention only receives the sound in the direction of the sound channel 4, and most of the sound transmitted in other directions is absorbed by the muffler chamber 1, which is obviously weakened compared with the sound transmitted from the sound channel. Therefore, the sound sensor It is directional, and when used with other equipment, it can realize the identification and tracking of the target sound source, and has a wide range of application prospects.

As shown in Figure 2, the sound source direction judging device based on directional sound sensors includes 4 directional sound sensors arranged in the same plane, and the directional sound sensors are arranged at intervals of 90° with a certain point as the center. The microphones of the sound sensors are all connected with the central processing chip 6 .

The sound source direction judging method based on the sound source direction judging device is carried out as follows:

A: Establish a plane coordinate system with the center of the directional sensor in the four directions as the origin, and set the quadrant;

B: Four directional sensors arranged in different directions respectively collect the signal of the sound source 7 and transmit it to the central processing chip. The sound signal strengths are recorded as S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively;

C: Select the two largest values among S1, S2, S3, and S4. The one along the X-axis is marked as Sx, and the one along the Y-axis is marked as Sy. As shown in Figure 3, the direction of the sound source is related to Sx and Sy The sound direction of the corresponding directional sensor is the closest, so as to obtain the quadrant where the sound source is located;

D: According to the formula Calculate the angle α between the sound source direction and the X axis

E: Determine the direction of the sound source according to the quadrant where the sound source is located and the angle α.

Claims (6)

1. directional sound sensor, its thing is levied and is: include that sound collection chamber (2), described sound collection chamber (2) middle part are arranged Sound channel (4), arranges silencing cavity (1), silencing cavity between the outer wall of described sound channel (4) and sound collection chamber (2) (1) soft quieter material is arranged in；Described sound channel (4) bottom arranges miaow head cavity (5), sets in described miaow head cavity (5) Put miaow head.

The directive sound transducer of tool the most according to claim 1, its thing levies and is: described software quieter material is polyester Acoustical cotton.

3. Sounnd source direction judgment means based on the directional sound sensor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: include being arranged in 4 directional sound sensors in same plane, described directional sound sensor is spaced 90 ° of arrangements centered by certain point, The miaow head of described sound transducer is all connected with central processing element (6).

4. sound bearing judgment means based on the directional sound sensor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: include being arranged in 6 directional sound sensors in space, described directional sound sensor centered by certain point by upper and lower, left and right, The arrangement of 90 ° of forward and backward interval, the miaow head of described sound transducer is all connected with central processing element (6).

5. Sounnd source direction determination methods based on the Sounnd source direction judgment means described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: according to the following steps Carry out:

A: set up plane coordinate system with the directional sensor center in 4 directions for initial point, sets quadrant；

The directional sensor of B:4 different directions arrangement gathers the signal of sound source respectively, and transmits to central processing element, and sound is believed Number intensity is designated as S1, S2, S3, S4 respectively；

C: select in S1, S2, S3, S4 two maximum values, is designated as Sx along X-direction, is designated as Sy, i.e. along Y direction The directional sensor sound direction that Sounnd source direction is corresponding with Sx, Sy is closest, draws quadrant residing for sound source with this；

D: according to formulaCalculate the angle of Sounnd source direction and X-axis

E: determine Sounnd source direction according to quadrant residing for sound source and angle α.

6. sound bearing determination methods based on the sound bearing judgment means described in claim 4, it is characterised in that: according to the following steps Carry out:

A: set up space coordinates with the directional sensor center in 6 directions for initial point, sets the first to the 8th quadrant；

The directional sensor of B:6 different directions arrangement gathers the signal of sound source respectively, and transmits to central processing element, and sound is believed Number intensity is designated as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 respectively；

C: select in S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 two maximum values, is designated as Sx, along Y direction along X-direction Being designated as Sy, be designated as Sz along Z-direction, the directional sensor sound direction that i.e. Sounnd source direction is corresponding with Sx, Sy, Sz is closest, Quadrant residing for sound source is drawn with this；

D: according to formulaCalculate Sounnd source direction and the angle of X-axis in X, Y planeAccording to formulaCalculate Sounnd source direction and the angle of X-axis in X, Z planeAccording to angle α, angle β meter Calculate Space Angle γ of Sounnd source direction and X-axis

E: determine Sounnd source direction according to quadrant residing for sound source and Space Angle γ.