CN1062399A - 镍基超级合金及其单晶工业燃气轮机热级元件 - Google Patents
镍基超级合金及其单晶工业燃气轮机热级元件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1062399A CN1062399A CN91107971A CN91107971A CN1062399A CN 1062399 A CN1062399 A CN 1062399A CN 91107971 A CN91107971 A CN 91107971A CN 91107971 A CN91107971 A CN 91107971A CN 1062399 A CN1062399 A CN 1062399A
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- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- rhenium
- titanium
- tantalum
- aluminium
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001398 aluminium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002650 habitual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
一种镍基超级合金制的工业燃气轮机引擎单晶
叶片，所说的合金含1—3％镍，在引擎通常操作温度
范围内(1600-1800)具有优良的机械性能。
Description
本发明涉及超级合金，具体讲涉及一些新的含铼的镍基合金以及特别适于工业燃气轮机引擎使用的这些合金制成的新的单晶燃气轮机叶片，因为在典型的操作条件下它们独特地同时具有机械性能和耐腐蚀性能。
众所周知，燃气轮机引擎的叶片在单晶形态下具有优于等轴微观结构叶片的一些重要的机械性能。一段时间以来，军用喷气飞机喷气发动机的主要供应商们一直使用这种部件，而且现在正在民用飞机上推广应用这种技术。
这样一来，导致人们纷纷尝试使用单晶形叶片代替等轴微晶结构叶片。这种作法可以省去那些为形成一些晶界增强相，以便降低脆性相的容积比例和改变形成所说合金的增强相（即r-原始相）所需的元素分配途径而单独添加的元素。
由于在添加、减少和删除合金元素的重要性质方面缺乏可预见性，所以在试图转化飞机引擎的单晶叶片的发展上几乎无有价值的经验可循。
在实现本发明时我们发现，在一定条件下相当少量的铼会意外地改善单晶合金物品的机械性质;此外，我们还发现铼的数量很关键，因为高于最佳值的少量铼使机械性能显著降低。
我们又发现，在某些条件下改变这些合金中铝与钛之比，将明显地改善最终产品的机械性能。最后，我们发现铼的上述改善作用与这种铝与钛之比的变化无关，而且这些合金的破断寿命在含大约2%铼时最高。
简言之，本发明的新合金是一种镍基合金，基本上由大约1-3%铼、大约14%铬、大约9.5%钴、大约3.8%钨、大约2%钽、大约1.5%钼、大约0.05%碳、大约0.004%硼，分别与大约3-4.8%铝和大约4.8-3%钛以及平衡量镍组成。
本发明的优选方案是：改变镍基单晶超级合金的组成以便显著改善机械性能，尤其是在工业燃气轮机引擎的通常操作温度范围（1600-1800°F）内的机械性能。为此目的，同时大幅度减少碳和硼量，而且显著地减少钽量。当各种陆基和海上的燃气轮机引擎上通常使用的镍基合金改用所说的单晶品时，在碳量减少一半（由0.1%减至0.05%）、硼量减少2/3（由0.012%减至0.004%）和钽量也明显减少（由2.8%减至2.0%）的条件下，晶界的增强作用在很大程度上减小。此外，在本发明的一些合金中保持原有的铝-钛之比（3∶4.8%），但是二者可以互换。
实施本发明时，按照公知的、在本领域中通常实施的惯用的单晶浇注技术，优选压模上下移动式压形法，将这些新合金铸成单晶透平叶片。然后，在需要时可以处理此铸件使之均匀化，并进行沉淀热处理以确保全部γ-原始相自溶液中沉淀。
通过实施本发明的下列说明性而非限制性的实施例，本领域中普通技术人员会进一步更好地理解本发明，正如本发明已经过实验验证那样。
实施例1
通过制备下列组成合金的熔体得到一种浇注的试样：
铬 14%
钴 9.5%
钼 1.5%
钨 3.8%
铝 3%
钛 4.8%
钽 2%
碳 0.05%
硼 0.004%
镍 余量
采用生产单晶铸件的压模上下移动式压形法，制成一种适于评价机械性能用的标准形试样。铸件在2200-2800°F热处理2小时，以每分钟104°F的速率将其冷却到室温，然后加热到1472°F，在此温度下维持24小时后炉冷到室温。试验时，在27千磅/平方英寸（ksi）应力下和1800°F下此铸件的破断寿命为30小时。
实施例2
制备了实施例1合金的另一个熔体，但是其中加有1%铼。按 实施例1制造铸件，而且也按上述方式加以热处理和试验，试验结果：在1800°F和27ksi应力条件下破断寿命为60小时。
实施例3
除了含2%铼之外其余与实施例1和2相同的合金经熔化浇注后，按上述方式对铸件作热处理和检验，结果：在1800°F和27ksi应力条件下破断寿命为150小时。
实施例4
在与实施例1相似的另一试验中，制备了一种有下列组成的熔体：
铬 14%
钴 9.5%
钼 1.5%
钨 3.8%
铝 4.8%
钛 3%
钽 2%
碳 0.05%
硼 0.004%
镍 余量
按上述实施例所述方式对得到的铸件进行热处理和检验，经证明在1800°F和27ksi应力下破断寿命接近150小时。
实施例5
使用实施例4合金（其中含2%铼）的熔体制成了单晶试样铸件，按实施例4进行热处理和检验，结果破断寿命超过275小时。
实施例6
制备了一种与实施例4和5类似的合金熔体（但是其中含1.5%而不是3%的钛，和含3%而不是2%的铼），由其制成一个单晶试验铸件。按上述实施例所述对此铸件进行热处理和检验，结果破断寿命为160小时。
除非另外专门指明，否则在本说明书和后附的权利要求中所说的百分数、比例或份数，均按重量计。
Claims (7)
1、一种镍基合金单晶形工业燃气轮机热级元件，基本上由大约1-3%铼、大约14%铬、大约9.5%钴、大约3.8%钨、大约2%钽、大约1.5%钼、大约0.05%碳、大约0.004%硼，分别与大约3-4.8%铝和大约4.8-3%钛以及余量镍组成。
2、权利要求1的单晶品，其中所说的合金基本上由大约2%铼、大约14%铬、大约9.5%钴、大约1.5%钼、大约3.8%钨、大约4.8%铝、大约3%钛、大约2%钽、大约0.05%碳、大约0.004%硼及余量镍组成。
3、权利要求1的单晶品，其中所说的合金基本上由大约14%铬、约9.5%钴、约5%钼、约3.8%钨、约2%铼、约3%铝、约4.8%钛、约2%钽、约0.05%碳、约0.004%硼及余量镍组成。
4、权利要求1的单晶品，其中所说的合金基本上由大约14%铬、约9.5%钴、约5%钼、约3.8%钨、约3%铼、约3%铝、约4.8%钛、约2%钽、约0.05%碳、约0.004%硼及余量镍组成。
5、一种专用于生产单晶燃气轮机引擎叶片的镍基超级合金，基本上由约1-3%铼、约14%铬、约9.5%钴、约3.8%钨、约2%钽、约0.05%碳、约0.004%硼和分别约3-4.8%铝以及约4.8-3%钛及余量镍组成。
6、权利要求5的合金，基本上由约2%铼、约14%铬、约9.5%钴、约3.8%钨、约2%钽、约1.5%钼、约0.05%碳、约0.004%硼、约4.8%铝、约3%钛、及余量镍组成。
7、权利要求1的合金，基本上由约14%铬、约9.5%钴、约3.8%钨、约2%钽、约2%铼、约1.5%钼、约0.05%碳、约0.004%硼、约3%铝、约4.8%钛、及余量镍组成。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62770690A | 1990-12-14 | 1990-12-14 | |
| US627,706 | 1990-12-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1062399A true CN1062399A (zh) | 1992-07-01 |
Family
ID=24515785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91107971A Pending CN1062399A (zh) | 1990-12-14 | 1991-12-14 | 镍基超级合金及其单晶工业燃气轮机热级元件 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0490527A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3286332B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100224950B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1062399A (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO914919L (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1061123C (zh) * | 1993-08-06 | 2001-01-24 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 燃气轮机的叶片,其制造方法及装有该种叶片的燃气轮机 |
| CN101886193A (zh) * | 2010-06-24 | 2010-11-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种抗氧化的含铼Ni3Al基高温合金 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6063212A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 2000-05-16 | United Technologies Corporation | Heat treated, spray formed superalloy articles and method of making the same |
| GB2403225B (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2006-06-14 | Howmet Res Corp | Nickel base superalloy and single crystal castings |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL65897A0 (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1982-08-31 | Gen Electric | Single crystal nickel-base superalloy,article and method for making |
| GB2153848B (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1987-09-16 | United Technologies Corp | High strength hot corrosion resistant single crystals |
| IL80227A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1990-01-18 | United Technologies Corp | High strength single crystal superalloys |
| CA1291350C (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1991-10-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Single crystal articles having reduced anisotropy |
| US5122206A (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1992-06-16 | Mitsubishi Metal Corporation | Precipitation hardening nickel base single crystal cast alloy |
-
1991
- 1991-11-27 EP EP91310951A patent/EP0490527A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-12-05 JP JP34843991A patent/JP3286332B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-13 KR KR1019910022877A patent/KR100224950B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-13 NO NO91914919A patent/NO914919L/no unknown
- 1991-12-14 CN CN91107971A patent/CN1062399A/zh active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1061123C (zh) * | 1993-08-06 | 2001-01-24 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 燃气轮机的叶片,其制造方法及装有该种叶片的燃气轮机 |
| CN101886193A (zh) * | 2010-06-24 | 2010-11-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种抗氧化的含铼Ni3Al基高温合金 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3286332B2 (ja) | 2002-05-27 |
| NO914919L (no) | 1992-06-15 |
| KR100224950B1 (ko) | 1999-10-15 |
| KR920012495A (ko) | 1992-07-27 |
| EP0490527A1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| JPH04333540A (ja) | 1992-11-20 |
| NO914919D0 (no) | 1991-12-13 |
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