CN106226508A - A kind of stretching device and test method for rubber swelling characteristic test - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a stretching device and a testing method for testing swelling characteristics of rubber. By adopting the structure, the position of the movable plate can be adjusted through the rotating mechanism, so that the distance between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism can be adjusted to obtain the stretching amount and the deformation amount required by the rubber, and the movement stability and the reliability of the movable plate are ensured due to the fact that the frame body is adopted to restrain the movement track of the movable plate, so that the reliability of rubber swelling property test data is ensured.

Description

A kind of stretching device and test method for rubber swelling characteristic test

technical field

The invention relates to the field of testing rubber properties, in particular to a stretching device and a testing method for testing rubber swelling properties.

Background technique

Rubber is widely used in all aspects of industry and life because of its good insulation, elasticity, high and low temperature resistance, etc. Then, these rubbers inevitably coexist with some organic solvents for a long time in the application, because the organic solvents can cause the rubber to swell, thereby affecting its performance. Rubber is often in a stretched state during application, and stretching deformation will affect the swelling behavior of rubber in organic solvents. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the swelling between the stretched rubber and the organic solvent to evaluate the coordination and applicability of the rubber or the solvent.

With the development of the power industry, cables and cable accessories have been widely used in transmission and distribution networks. Among them, the cable accessories are the weakest link in the cable transmission and distribution network, and silicone rubber is mainly used as the insulating material. During the construction of cable accessories, in order to ensure convenient installation and sealing, it is necessary to apply silicone grease between the cable accessories and the cable. Silicone grease is based on silicone oil, which is a small molecule compared to silicone rubber, and is very easy to dissolve into silicone rubber, causing swelling of silicone rubber. The swelling of silicone rubber caused by silicone grease can affect the mechanical properties of silicone rubber, and to a certain extent, affect the insulation performance and life of cable accessories. Manufacturers of cable accessories and silicone grease have paid a certain amount of attention to the swelling process, but the detection of the swelling process is to measure the swelling of silicone rubber in the natural state, and the swelling in the stretched state is not carried out. detection. However, in the actual operation of the cable accessories, the silicone rubber is in a stretched state due to a certain interference fit. The molecular gap of the silicone rubber in the stretched state is much larger than that in the natural state, and the swelling in the stretched state is also the same as that in the natural state. There are large differences in swelling in the natural state. Therefore, it is very important to measure the swelling of silicone rubber and grease in a stretched state.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stretching device and testing method for testing the swelling properties of rubber, which solves the problem that the current rubber only tests the swelling properties in a natural state, resulting in a large difference between the test results and the actual application.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:

A stretching device for testing the swelling properties of rubber, comprising a frame body, a moving plate arranged in the frame, and a rotating mechanism that drives the moving plate to move back and forth, and the frame body and the moving plate are correspondingly provided with rubber The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism at both ends.

In this solution, after the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism clamp the two ends of the rubber, the position of the movable plate is adjusted by the rotating mechanism, and then the gap between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism is realized. Adjust the spacing to obtain the amount of stretch and deformation required by the rubber. Because the frame is used to constrain the movement track of the moving plate, the stability and reliability of the moving plate are guaranteed.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the rotating mechanism includes a screw and a rotating handle, one end of the screw is rotatably fixed on the moving plate, the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating handle, and the screw and the frame are threadedly engaged.

In this solution, the screw is used to adjust the position of the moving plate, but this is different from the traditional screw drive. In the traditional screw drive, the screw and the moving plate are usually threaded, and the position of the moving plate on the screw is realized by rotating the screw. Moving, in this way, the moving plate has a tendency to rotate during the moving process. The reason why there is no rotation is because the two ends of the moving plate are provided with limit slots or the moving plate is connected with guide rods, so that the moving plate Do not rotate but only do linear reciprocating motion, which will inevitably increase the friction between the moving plate and the guide rod or guide groove, which will affect the movement of the moving plate, and will also accelerate the wear of the guide rod and guide groove, shortening its service life . The screw of this solution is not threaded with the moving plate, but threaded with the frame. Compared with the traditional screw drive, the screw drive of this solution makes the distance from the place where the thread fits to the force point of the screw rotation shorter. , the rotation is more labor-saving. At the same time, since the screw is rotated and set on the moving plate, the moving plate will not rotate during the rotation of the screw. Compared with the traditional screw transmission method, the rotation of the moving plate in this scheme The trend can basically be ignored, that is to say, the moving plate is only affected by the pulling force of the screw, and basically not affected by the rotational force brought by the rotation of the screw, which reduces the friction between the two ends of the moving plate and the frame, which saves the operation effort and the movement of the moving plate. Movement is more stable and reliable.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the frame body includes two parallel guide plates, an upper static plate and a lower static plate, and a guide groove is respectively provided on opposite sides of the two parallel guide plates, and the two ends of the moving plate are respectively Inserted into the guide grooves on two parallel guide plates, the upper static plate is provided with a threaded hole for passing the screw rod and cooperating with the screw rod, and the second clamping mechanism is arranged on the lower static plate.

In this scheme, the frame body is surrounded by two parallel guide plates, an upper static plate and a lower static plate. Guide grooves are formed on the guide plates for the moving plate to move back and forth. The adjustment of the relative position between the screw rod and the upper static plate makes the screw drive the movable plate to move back and forth along the guide groove, and the two ends of the movable plate are stuck in the guide grooves of the guide plates on both sides, which enhances the movement stability of the movable plate. Second, it can improve the balance of rubber stretching.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the guide groove is a T-shaped groove, and a freely rotatable disk is respectively provided at both ends of the moving plate, and the disk is located in the T-shaped groove, and one of the circular sides of the disk Fits against the bottom of the T-slot. In this solution, the disk not only plays a supporting role, but also changes the friction between the moving plate and the guide groove into rolling friction, which reduces the movement resistance of the moving plate. It can ensure that during the movement of the moving plate, the moving plate is always perpendicular to the guide plate, and the moving plate is always parallel to the lower static plate, so that after the rubber is stretched, the entire rubber will not be stretched unevenly and affect the rubber swelling test. Accuracy.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the guide groove is a T-shaped groove, and a freely rotatable disk and a limit plate attached to the bottom of the T-shaped groove are respectively provided at both ends of the moving plate. An accommodating cavity is provided, and the accommodating cavity runs through the limiting plate transversely, and the disc is located in the accommodating cavity, and the diameter and length of the disc are equal to the width of the bottom of the T-shaped slot and greater than the width of the limiting plate.

In this scheme, the limit plate is used to prevent fluctuations at both ends of the moving plate, so that the moving plate is always kept in a state perpendicular to the guide plate, and the moving plate is always parallel to the lower static plate during the movement, ensuring that the rubber Each part maintains a good balance during the stretching process, and there will be no stretching lengths of the rubber at both ends of the moving plate, which will lead to large deviations in the swelling properties of the tested rubber and low accuracy.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the first clamping mechanism includes a first clamping plate and several first screws, the first clamping plate is fixed on the moving plate through the first screws, and the clamping of the rubber is realized by adjusting the first screws and loosen.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the second clamping mechanism includes a second clamping plate and several second screws, the second clamping plate is fixed on the lower static plate through the second screws, and the clamping of the rubber is realized by adjusting the second screws Tight and loose.

A method for implementing the test using the above-mentioned stretching device, comprising the following steps:

(a) Take several rubber test pieces with the same mass and volume, mark and distinguish the rubber test pieces in turn, and record the initial mass and volume of each rubber test piece;

(b) Clamp each rubber test piece on a different stretching device, and stretch each rubber test piece to a different deformation required for the measurement;

(c) Immerse each rubber test piece in the stretched state together with the stretching device in the solvent to be measured;

(d) Take out the tensile device and the rubber test piece at regular intervals, remove the solvent on the surface of the rubber test piece, and record the mass and volume of the rubber test piece at this time;

(e) When the mass and volume data of the rubber obtained by two consecutive measurements remain unchanged, stop the measurement of the rubber test piece;

(f) Obtain the mass change and volume change of each rubber test piece corresponding to different deformations, and draw the swelling curve of the rubber test piece in the measurement solvent with respect to mass and volume.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, the mass of the rubber test piece in the step (a) and step (d) is measured by a precision balance, and the volume is measured by a liquid discharge method.

Further, as a preferred technical solution, in the step (d), alcohol and cleaning paper are used to remove the solvent on the surface of the rubber test piece.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention adjusts the position of the moving plate through the rotating mechanism, and then realizes the adjustment of the distance between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism, so as to obtain the required stretching and deformation of the rubber. The frame constrains the moving track of the moving plate, so that the stability and reliability of the moving plate are guaranteed.

(2) In the present invention, the guide groove is set as a T-shaped groove, and a freely rotatable disk is respectively arranged at both ends of the moving plate. The disk is located in the T-shaped groove, and one of the circular sides of the disk is in line with the T-shaped The bottom surface of the groove is close to each other, and the disk not only plays a supporting role, but also changes the friction between the moving plate and the guide groove into rolling friction, which reduces the movement resistance of the moving plate. In this way, it can be ensured that during the movement of the moving plate, the moving plate is always perpendicular to the guide plate, and the moving plate is always parallel to the lower static plate, so that after the rubber is stretched, the entire rubber will not be stretched unevenly and affect the rubber swelling test. the accuracy.

(3) In the present invention, the guide groove is set as a T-shaped groove, and a freely rotatable disc and a limiting plate are respectively arranged on the two ends of the moving plate and the bottom of the T-shaped groove. The housing cavity runs through the limiting plate transversely, and the disc is located in the housing cavity. The diameter and length of the disc are equal to the width of the bottom of the T-shaped slot and greater than the width of the limiting plate. The limiting plate prevents the movement of the moving plate. There is a fluctuation at both ends of the rubber, so that the moving plate is always kept in a state perpendicular to the guide plate, and the moving plate is always parallel to the lower static plate during the movement, ensuring that each part of the rubber maintains a good balance during the stretching process. It does not occur that the stretching length of the rubber at both ends of the moving plate is different, which will lead to a large deviation in the swelling property of the rubber obtained by the test, and the accuracy is not high.

(4) The present invention can effectively improve the accuracy of the swelling test by using the stretching device to test the swelling property of the rubber. The swelling characteristics in the medium facilitate the reasonable selection of rubber application scenarios.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the disc and the moving plate;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the disc, the limiting plate and the moving plate;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the limiting plate and the disc.

The names corresponding to the reference signs in the figure are: 1. guide plate, 2. upper static plate, 3. lower static plate, 4. moving plate, 5. screw, 6. guide groove, 7. first splint, 8. first Screw, 9, the second splint, 10, the second screw, 11, turning handle, 12, disk, 13, limit plate.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example:

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties described in this embodiment includes a frame, a moving plate 4 arranged in the frame, and a rotating mechanism that drives the moving plate 4 to move back and forth , the frame body and the moving plate 4 are correspondingly provided with a first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism for respectively clamping the two ends of the rubber.

Specifically, the rotating mechanism of this embodiment can be realized by adopting the following structure: the rotating mechanism includes a screw rod 5 and a rotating handle 11, one end of the screw rod 5 is rotatably fixed on the moving plate 4, and the other end is fixedly connected with the rotating handle 11, and The screw rod 5 is threadedly engaged with the frame body.

The frame body of this embodiment includes two parallel guide plates 1, an upper static plate 2 and a lower static plate 3, and a guide groove 6 is respectively provided on opposite sides of the two parallel guide plates 1, and the two ends of the moving plate 4 are respectively Inserted into the guide grooves 6 on the two parallel guide plates 1 , the upper static plate 2 is provided with threaded holes for passing the screw rod 5 and cooperating with the screw rod 5 , and the second clamping mechanism is arranged on the lower static plate 3 .

In order to ensure that the moving plate 4 is always perpendicular to the guide plate 1 during the movement, and that the moving plate 4 is always parallel to the lower static plate 3, so that after the rubber is stretched, the entire rubber will not be unbalanced and affect the rubber swelling test. In this embodiment, the guide groove 6 can be set as a T-shaped groove, and a freely rotatable disc 12 is respectively provided at both ends of the moving plate 4, and the disc 12 is located in the T-shaped groove, and the disc 12 One of the circular sides is attached to the bottom surface of the T-shaped slot.

In addition, this embodiment can also adopt another structural form to prevent the unbalanced stretching of the rubber, specifically: the guide groove 6 is set as a T-shaped groove, and the two ends of the moving plate 4 are respectively provided with a freely rotatable The disc 12 and a limit plate 13 attached to the bottom of the T-shaped slot, the limit plate 13 is provided with an accommodating chamber, the accommodating cavity runs through the limit plate 13 transversely, and the disc 12 is located in the accommodating cavity , the diameter length of the disc 12 is equal to the bottom width of the T-shaped slot and greater than the width of the limit plate 13, the disc 12 plays a supporting role, reducing the friction between the moving plate 4 and the guide groove 6, the limit plate 13 The moving plate 4 is always maintained in a state perpendicular to the guide plate 1 .

Preferably, the first clamping mechanism of this embodiment includes a first clamping plate 7 and several first screws 8, the first clamping plate 7 is fixed on the moving plate 4 through the first screws 8, and the rubber is realized by adjusting the first screws 8. clamping and loosening.

Preferably, the second clamping mechanism of this embodiment includes a second clamping plate 9 and several second screws 10, the second clamping plate 9 is fixed on the lower static plate 3 through the second screws 10, and is realized by adjusting the second screws 10 Clamping and releasing of rubber.

A method for implementing the test using the above-mentioned stretching device, comprising the following steps:

(a) Take several rubber test pieces with the same mass and volume, mark and distinguish the rubber test pieces in turn, and record the initial mass and volume of each rubber test piece. Specifically, a precision balance can be used to measure the quality of the rubber, The volume of rubber can be measured by liquid discharge method;

(b) Clamp each rubber test piece on a different stretching device, and stretch each rubber test piece to a different deformation required for the measurement;

(c) Immerse each rubber test piece in the stretched state together with the stretching device in the solvent to be measured;

(d) Take out the tensile device and the rubber test piece at regular intervals, remove the solvent on the surface of the rubber test piece, and record the mass and volume of the rubber test piece at this time. The specific cleaning method can be: use alcohol and cleaning paper Remove the solvent on the surface of the rubber test piece;

(e) When the mass and volume data of the rubber obtained by two consecutive measurements remain unchanged, stop the measurement of the rubber test piece;

(f) Obtain the mass change and volume change of each rubber test piece corresponding to different deformation, and draw the swelling curve of the rubber test piece in the measurement solvent with respect to mass and volume, for example, the abscissa is the rubber deformation, and the ordinate is The two-dimensional coordinate system of the rubber quality, the abscissa is the rubber deformation, and the ordinate is the two-dimensional coordinate system of the rubber volume, so that the influence of the deformation on the swelling of the rubber can be seen intuitively.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention all fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties, characterized in that: it comprises a frame, a moving plate (4) arranged in the frame, and a rotating mechanism that drives the moving plate (4) to move back and forth, the frame A first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism for respectively clamping two ends of the rubber are respectively arranged on the moving plate (4). 2. A tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating mechanism includes a screw (5) and a handle (11), and one end of the screw (5) It is rotatably fixed on the moving plate (4), and the other end is fixedly connected with the rotating handle (11), and the screw rod (5) is threadedly matched with the frame body. 3. A tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: the frame includes two parallel guide plates (1), an upper static plate (2) and a lower static plate plate (3), two guide grooves (6) are respectively provided on opposite sides of the two parallel guide plates (1), and the two ends of the moving plate (4) are respectively inserted into the guide grooves on the two parallel guide plates (1) ( 6) Inside, the upper static plate (2) is provided with a threaded hole for passing the screw (5) and cooperating with the screw (5), and the second clamping mechanism is arranged on the lower static plate (3). 4. A stretching device for testing rubber swelling properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: the guide groove (6) is a T-shaped groove, and two ends of the moving plate (4) are respectively provided with a A freely rotatable disk (12), the disk (12) is located in the T-shaped slot, and one of the circular sides of the disk (12) is in contact with the bottom surface of the T-shaped groove. 5. A tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: the guide groove (6) is a T-shaped groove, and two ends of the moving plate (4) are respectively provided with a A freely rotatable disc (12) and a limiting plate (13) attached to the bottom of the T-shaped slot. The limiting plate (13) is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity runs through the limiting plate (13) transversely. ), the disc (12) is located in the accommodating cavity, and the diameter length of the disc (12) is equal to the bottom width of the T-shaped slot and greater than the width of the limiting plate (13). 6. A tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: the first clamping mechanism includes a first splint (7) and several first screws (8), the first splint (7) is fixed on the moving plate (4) through the first screw (8), and the clamping and loosening of the rubber can be realized by adjusting the first screw (8). 7. A tensile device for testing rubber swelling properties according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: the second clamping mechanism includes a second splint (9) and several second screws (10), the second splint (9) is fixed on the lower static plate (3) by the second screw (10), and the clamping and loosening of the rubber can be realized by adjusting the second screw (10). 8. A method for implementing a test using a stretching device for testing rubber swelling properties according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: comprising the following steps: (a) Take several rubber test pieces with the same mass and volume, mark and distinguish the rubber test pieces in turn, and record the initial mass and volume of each rubber test piece; (b) Clamp each rubber test piece on a different stretching device, and stretch each rubber test piece to a different deformation required for the measurement; (c) Immerse each rubber test piece in the stretched state together with the stretching device in the solvent to be measured; (d) Take out the tensile device and the rubber test piece at regular intervals, remove the solvent on the surface of the rubber test piece, and record the mass and volume of the rubber test piece at this time; (e) When the mass and volume data of the rubber obtained by two consecutive measurements remain unchanged, stop the measurement of the rubber test piece; (f) Obtain the mass change and volume change of each rubber test piece corresponding to different deformations, and draw the swelling curve of the rubber test piece in the measurement solvent with respect to mass and volume. 9. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the steps (a) and (d), the mass of the rubber test piece is measured by a precision balance, and the volume is measured by a liquid drainage method. 10. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step (d), alcohol and cleaning paper are used to remove the solvent on the surface of the rubber test piece.