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CN106180167A - A kind of method utilizing acidifying subcritical water to work in coordination with the pollution of heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil - Google Patents

A kind of method utilizing acidifying subcritical water to work in coordination with the pollution of heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106180167A
CN106180167A CN201610629311.3A CN201610629311A CN106180167A CN 106180167 A CN106180167 A CN 106180167A CN 201610629311 A CN201610629311 A CN 201610629311A CN 106180167 A CN106180167 A CN 106180167A
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China
Prior art keywords
heavy metal
soil
subcritical water
acidifying
coordination
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Pending
Application number
CN201610629311.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋立杰
诸毅
林正
付乾
张汝壮
陈奕
刘惠
林雅洁
胡婧琳
李影辉
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Shanghai Environment Health Engineering Designing Institute Co Ltd
Shanghai Institute for Design and Research on Environmental Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Environment Health Engineering Designing Institute Co Ltd
Shanghai Institute for Design and Research on Environmental Engineering Co Ltd
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Application filed by Shanghai Environment Health Engineering Designing Institute Co Ltd, Shanghai Institute for Design and Research on Environmental Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Environment Health Engineering Designing Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610629311.3A priority Critical patent/CN106180167A/en
Publication of CN106180167A publication Critical patent/CN106180167A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/02Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the reparation field of contaminated soil, a kind of method utilizing acidifying subcritical water to work in coordination with the pollution of heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil, by first soil being added water-soluble metal chelating agen acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, after insert in Subcritical Water Extraction reactor, by controlling the temperature of subcritical water, pressure, extraction time, and subcritical water acidizing degree, remove the heavy metal in soil.The present invention uses acidifying subcritical water to work in coordination with the heavy metal in heavy metal chelant rehabilitating soil, can be extracted from soil by the metallo-chelate after traditional soil huge sum of money immobilization, it is to avoid continues to remain in soil after heavy metal is stable and causes secondary pollution.Simultaneously as the special nature of subcritical water, during as the extractant of heavy metal chelate, the structure of soil and physicochemical property will not be damaged, and be applicable to the low silt of coefficient of permeability and clay.Remove the heavy metal in soil compared to root system of plant enrichment, there is the shortest characteristic.

Description

It is dirty that a kind of utilization acidifying subcritical water works in coordination with heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil The method of dye
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reparation field of heavy-metal contaminated soil, specifically, be that a kind of utilization is acidified subcritical water association The method polluted with heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil.
Background technology
Due to the discharge of Industrial " three Waste ", soil is polluted by heavy metal in various degree.Heavy metal pollution of soil, directly It is related to agricultural product and underground drinking water safety.Heavy metal in soil can not be accumulated by biological decomposition and pass through in soil Food chain enters human body, is detrimental to health.Therefore, the contaminated soil remediation technology of heavy metal has become current hotspot research neck Territory.
At present, conventional heavy metal-polluted soil restorative procedure has oxidation/reducing process, elution method, curing/stabilizing method, and Phytoremediation.Oxidation/reduction method is generally used for the reparation of specific heavy-metal contaminated soil.Such as Cd6+, pass through reduction It is that it becomes the Cd that toxicity is less3+.But, due to oxidant present in nature, Cd3+It is oxidized into Cd6+Wind Danger.Elution method is expensive, the soil remediation weak effect to poor permeability, and elution method is by adding chemical agent, can change Become the physicochemical property of soil, affect the recycle value of rehabilitating soil.Curing/stabilizing technical price is cheap, but cannot be by Heavy metal extracts from soil, elapses over time, and heavy metal has the risk separated out again.Phytoremediation utilizes natural method Remove the heavy metal in soil, but the longest, need very long repair process.
Chelating agen can be combined by the heavy metal ion in the soil liquid, changes heavy metal existence shape in soil State, makes heavy metal resolve from soil particle surface, not solvent is converted into soluble state, thus the huge sum of money in activating soil significantly Belonging to, the absorption for drip washing or plant creates favorable conditions.
At present, chelating agen is applied in soil remediation engineering construction frequently as a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil stabilizer.But, chela Mixture stop in soil environment may cause the dissolution of heavy metal in soils and sediments.Such as, after chelant ties Heavy metal under rainfall or irrigation conditions, migration stain surface water or subsoil water.
The heavy metal ion in the soil liquid, the soil poor to permeability is removed as Soil leaching agent using chelating agen Repairing effect is poor, and eluent is expensive, and the chelating agen simultaneously remained is likely to result in the secondary pollution of soil and groundwater.
Subcritical water refers to heat water to more than boiling point, and below critical point, and control system pressure makes water remain liquid The water of state.The dielectric constant of subcritical water is substantially reduced and has super ionization property, and polarity reduces, and has dissolved organic matter simultaneously Super dissolution characteristics with inorganic matter.Low polarity due to organo-metallic compound so that it is the dissolubility in water is low, but Asia is faced The characteristic of boundary's water makes it can be effective to the extraction of organo-metallic compound.Subcritical water is as a kind of new abstraction technique tool Have that equipment is simple, extraction time is short, and it use pure water as extractant, need not or seldom with organic solvent, therefore it is not Environment can be caused secondary pollution.At present, the domestic research to subcritical water several fields the most below are carried out, and utilize Asia to face Whose extraction medicinal herb components of boundary, utilizes subcritical water technology to process the pesticide in sewage and contaminated soil, explosive, PAHs.
Currently for subcritical water treatment technology, corresponding patent documentation also has certain report, such as Chinese patent literature CN102146002A (201010580486.2, subcritical water processes town and country organic solid waste and produces fertilizer and equipment) discloses profit The noxious substance in organic solid castoff is removed with subcritical water, larger molecular organics of degrading, improves organic solid castoff Degradability, the ferrum in activation organic solid castoff, manganese, zinc, the trace element such as copper simultaneously.Chinese patent literature CN104117531A (201410249466.5, a kind of method utilizing Subcritical Water Extraction to repair petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil) is open The PAHs in soil is utilized to be soluble in subcritical water, the method extracted.To grinding of the heavy metals removal in soil Study carefully, do not relate to.
Above-mentioned document is not the most reported about working in coordination with metal-chelator process heavy metal-polluted soil by acidifying subcritical water dirty The method of dye.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Subcritical Water Extraction complexed metal chelating agen that is acidified and remove the weight in soil The method of metal.By first to soil add water-soluble metal chelating agen acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione (also known as diacetyl methane), after insert In Subcritical Water Extraction reactor, by controlling the temperature of subcritical water, pressure, extraction time, and subcritical water acidifying journey Degree, removes the heavy metal in soil.
A first aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of utilization acidifying subcritical water works in coordination with a heavy metal chelant rehabilitating soil huge sum of money Belong to the method polluted, comprise the steps:
A, contaminated soil is placed in extractive reaction still, adds metal-chelator acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione (300ml/kg soil), open Open reactor heater;
B, question response still are warming up to reactor Pressure gauge and show (subcritical water temperature control consistent with subcritical water with thermometer System is at 110 DEG C~130 DEG C), it is passed through the acidifying subcritical water of nitric acid volumetric concentration 0.1%~1.5%, first static extracting 30 minutes After, the acidifying subcritical water according still further to 1kg soil 60ml/min~80ml/min flow velocity carries out dynamic extraction 10 minutes.
It is modified that the present invention carries out acid to subcritical water, with the acidifying subcritical water generation of nitric acid volumetric concentration 0.1%~1.5% For clear water subcritical water as the extractant of contaminated soil metal heavy metal.As the equipment of Fig. 2 present invention connects shown in flow chart, Water inlet mixes in blending tank with nitric acid.Find according to experiment, after in water, concentration of nitric acid is more than 1%, to heavy metal in soil Clearance decline.When in water inlet, concentration of nitric acid is more than 3%, there is blocking in the pipeline of extraction equipment and valve.Optimal water inlet Concentration of nitric acid is 1%.
In step A, contaminated soil is placed in extractive reaction still, reserved at least 15% reactor space, adds levulinic Ketone, and fill reactor with clear water, open reactor heater.
Adding heavy-metal contaminated soil in extractive reaction still, maximum addition is the 85% of extractive reaction still, it is necessary to pre- Being left to the space of few 15%, due to the soil effect of rising in experimentation, soil particle easily blocks reactor outlet.Reserved 15% space be effectively improved the problems referred to above.
In step A, choose to be formed and be easily soluble in the metallo-chelate acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione of subcritical water (also known as diacetyl Methane) as collaborative chelating agen.By searching related data, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione hypotoxicity, it is soluble in organic solvent, dissolves dielectric Constant is similar with subcritical water, the most easily by Subcritical Water Extraction.To equipped with the extractive reaction still of heavy metal polluted soil adds second Acyl acetone, according to test, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione addition can be adjusted with concentration according to the heavy metal component in soil.Levulinic Ketone addition is determined by laboratory lab scale.Take a certain amount of on-the-spot soil sample, in laboratory simulation Subcritical Water Extraction condition.Root According to laboratory result, determine acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione addition.
In step B, subcritical water pressure 7MPa~9MPa being passed through, temperature 110 DEG C~130 DEG C.Pressure is less than 22.1MPa, when temperature is less than 374.2 DEG C, water is at subcritical state.It is found through experiments, when subcritical water temperature is 110 DEG C~130 DEG C between change time, to the heavy metal (Cu in soil2+、Cr3+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Zn2+) clearance variation effect bright Aobvious.After subcritical water temperature is more than 140 DEG C, to the heavy metal removing rate in soil without significant change.When subcritical water pressure When controlling between 6MPa~9MPa, the clearance of heavy metal in soil, raise with pressure and rise.
Preferably, in step B, with the flow velocity of 1kg soil subcritical water 70ml/min, contaminated soil is carried out dynamic extraction.
As shown in the process chart of Fig. 1 and the device connection diagram of Fig. 2, the utilization collaborative weight of acidifying subcritical water of the present invention The method that metal-chelator repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes, specifically includes following steps:
A, in extractive reaction still, add heavy-metal contaminated soil, 15% space that will be reserved in extractive reaction still, it is full of Room temperature clear water;And open extractive reaction still heater;
B, open high-pressure water inlet pump, open subcritical water preparation facilities, make subcritical water reach temperature and the pressure set; Pressure 7MPa~9MPa, temperature 110 DEG C~130 DEG C;
C, open valve 13 and 19, close valve 7 and valve 14, when the pressure of thermocouple 9 temperature and pressure table 8 is with set The temperature and pressure of subcritical water close to time, close high pressure water-injection pump, close valve 13,19 and 14, static extracting 30 minutes;Open Open valve 13 and 19, regulate effusion meter 3, control the flow velocity of subcritical water;Subcritical water flow velocity is according to 1kg soil 60ml/min ~80ml/min, carry out dynamic extraction.
Waste water after d, extraction, enters heat exchanger by pressure-regulating valve, enters filtering tank, finally enters water and collects Tank;
E, repaired after, open high-pressure water inlet pump, close subcritical water preparation facilities, open valve 7 and 14, pass valve closing Door 12 and 19, is completely exhausted out the waste liquid in extractive reaction still.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, compared to the recovery technique of traditional heavy-metal contaminated soil, acidifying subcritical water is worked in coordination with heavy metal chelant and is repaiied Heavy metal in earth backing earth, can extract the metallo-chelate after traditional soil huge sum of money immobilization from soil, it is to avoid Continue to remain in soil after heavy metal is stable, it is possible to the problem that causes secondary pollution;
2 simultaneously as the special nature of subcritical water, during as the extractant of heavy metal chelate, and will not be to soil Structure and physicochemical property damage, and are applicable to the low silt of coefficient of permeability and clay;
3, removing the heavy metal in soil compared to root system of plant enrichment, acidifying subcritical water is worked in coordination with heavy metal chelant and is repaiied Recovering technology has again the shortest characteristic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the equipment of the present invention connects flow chart.
The reference and the ingredient that relate in accompanying drawing are as follows:
1-blending tank, 2-high-pressure water inlet pump, 3-effusion meter, 4-subcritical water preparation facilities, 5,9-thermocouples, 6,15-pressures Force regulating valve, 7,10,13,14,18-valves, 8,12-Pressure gauges, 11-extractive reaction still, 16-heat exchanger, 17-filtering tank
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention provided the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment elaborates.
The process chart of the present invention is as it is shown in figure 1, as a example by heavy-metal contaminated soil, carry out being acidified subcritical water-gold Belong to chelating agent extraction, the soil after obtaining heavy metal chelate dissolution fluid and repairing.
It is described further according to above-mentioned technological process below.
Embodiment 1
Take certain trade effluent irrigated farmland, wherein Cu2+、Cr3+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Zn2+Concentration be respectively 434ppm, 105ppm、53ppm、112ppm、1030ppm.Respectively by Pressure/Temperature 7MPa/110 DEG C, 8MPa/120 DEG C, 9MPa/130 DEG C enter Row experiment, adds 1kg heavy-metal contaminated soil in extractive reaction still, adds 300ml acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen.It is passed through 1% nitre Acid concentration subcritical water, first static extracting, after 30 minutes, needs the 1% concentration of nitric acid subcritical water of 70ml/min according to 1kg soil Carry out dynamic extraction 10 minutes.Result is as shown in table 1.
Heavy metal removing rate under table 1 different pressures/temperature conditions
Embodiment 2
Take certain trade effluent irrigated farmland, wherein Cu2+、Cr3+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Zn2+Concentration be respectively 434ppm, 105ppm、53ppm、112ppm、1030ppm.Under conditions of Pressure/Temperature is 9MPa/130 DEG C, to acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen Impact at Subcritical Water Extraction heavy metal in soil clearance is tested.1kg is added heavy metal-polluted in extractive reaction still Dye soil, test group 2 adds 300ml acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen.Test group 1 is without acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen.It is passed through 1% nitric acid Concentration subcritical water, first static extracting, after 30 minutes, needs the 1% concentration of nitric acid subcritical water of 70ml/min to enter according to 1kg soil Mobile state extracts 10 minutes.Result is as shown in table 2.
The impact on nitric acid acidifying Subcritical Water Extraction heavy metal in soil of the table 2 acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen
Embodiment 3
Take certain trade effluent irrigated farmland, wherein Cu2+、Cr3+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Zn2+Concentration be respectively 434ppm, 105ppm、53ppm、112ppm、1030ppm.Respectively by Pressure/Temperature 9MPa/250 DEG C, 9MPa/130 DEG C test, Xiang Cui Take addition 1kg heavy-metal contaminated soil in reactor, add 300ml acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen.It is passed through 1% concentration of nitric acid subcritical Water, first static extracting, after 30 minutes, needs the 1% concentration of nitric acid subcritical water of 70ml/min to carry out dynamic extraction according to 1kg soil 10 minutes.Result is as shown in table 3.
The impact on heavy metal in soil clearance of table 3 temperature
Embodiment 4
Take certain trade effluent irrigated farmland, wherein Cu2+、Cr3+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Zn2+Concentration be respectively 434ppm, 105ppm、53ppm、112ppm、1030ppm.Test under the conditions of Pressure/Temperature 9MPa/130 DEG C, to extractive reaction still Middle addition 1kg heavy-metal contaminated soil, adds 300ml acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione chelating agen.Each lead into not-acidified subcritical water, 1% nitre Acid concentration subcritical water, 1.5% concentration of nitric acid subcritical water, static extracting is after 30 minutes the most respectively, needs according to 1kg soil The subcritical water of 70ml/min carries out dynamic extraction 10 minutes.Result is as shown in table 4.
The impact on heavy metal in soil clearance of the table 4 subcritical water acidizing degree
Below preferred embodiment to the invention is illustrated, but the invention is not limited to described Embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art it may also be made that all equivalents on the premise of the invention spirit Modification or replacement, modification or the replacement of these equivalents are all contained in the application claim limited range.

Claims (8)

1. utilizing acidifying subcritical water to work in coordination with the method that heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes, its feature exists In, comprise the steps:
A, contaminated soil is placed in extractive reaction still, adds metal-chelator acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, open reactor heater;
B, being passed through the acidifying subcritical water of nitric acid volumetric concentration 0.1%~1.5%, first static extracting is after 30 minutes, according still further to 1kg The acidifying subcritical water of soil 60ml/min~80ml/min flow velocity carries out dynamic extraction 10 minutes.
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step A, is placed in contaminated soil in extractive reaction still, and reserved at least 15% reactor is empty Between, add acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, and fill reactor with clear water, open reactor heater.
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step A, the addition of acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione is 300ml/kg soil.
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step B, in acidifying subcritical water, nitric acid volumetric concentration is 1%.
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step B, acidifying subcritical water pressure 7MPa~9MPa being passed through, temperature 110 DEG C~130 ℃。
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step B, extracting pressure is 7MPa~9MPa.
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step B, extraction temperature is 110 DEG C~130 DEG C.
Utilization acidifying subcritical water the most according to claim 1 works in coordination with what heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil polluted Method, it is characterised in that in described step B, carries out dynamic extraction according to the flow velocity of 1kg soil subcritical water 70ml/min.
CN201610629311.3A 2016-08-03 2016-08-03 A kind of method utilizing acidifying subcritical water to work in coordination with the pollution of heavy metal chelant repairing heavy metal in soil Pending CN106180167A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109201727A (en) * 2018-09-03 2019-01-15 杭州鸿明市政工程有限公司 A kind of leached soil solutions, application method and equipment
CN109772871A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-05-21 天津大学 A method for remediating glyphosate-contaminated farmland soil using subcritical low-temperature extraction technology
CN111872103A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-03 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Method and equipment system for repairing composite contaminated soil
CN111872091A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-03 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Green and efficient petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil remediation method

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CN104117531A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-10-29 浙江省环境保护科学设计研究院 Method for restoring petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil by use of subcritical water extraction

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109201727A (en) * 2018-09-03 2019-01-15 杭州鸿明市政工程有限公司 A kind of leached soil solutions, application method and equipment
CN109772871A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-05-21 天津大学 A method for remediating glyphosate-contaminated farmland soil using subcritical low-temperature extraction technology
CN111872103A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-03 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Method and equipment system for repairing composite contaminated soil
CN111872091A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-11-03 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Green and efficient petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil remediation method

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Application publication date: 20161207