CN106188479A - 一种高性能tpu微孔弹性体材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高性能tpu微孔弹性体材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体通过将如下第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联得到:所述第一预聚体的聚合单体为:聚醚二元醇和异佛二酮二异氰酸酯;所述第二预聚体的聚合单体为:MDI和ε‑己内酯;所述第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联的交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷,交联过程中,第一预聚体和第二预聚体的质量比为1:1.5~3.5。本发明通过选用特定的聚合单体发生交联,在特定比例下,能够获得力学性能优异的轻质弹性体,第一预聚体、第二预聚体、交联剂、发泡剂在特定组成下协同增效获得了优异的力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料领域,具体涉及一种高性能TPU微孔弹性体材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)不仅具有优良的物理机械性能,如高模量、高强度、高伸长、高弹性、韧性好,还具有低温柔软性好、耐磨、耐油、透气性好等优点,并且可以回收利用二次加工成型。因此,TPU广泛地应用于塑料薄膜、汽车、电线电缆、胶粘剂、医疗、鞋底材料、玩具、服饰、管材、滚轮、航空等行业。
近年来,对轻质材料的需求增长迅速,但由于TPU热塑加工的温度窗口较窄不易于发泡,至今通过TPU发泡来减少材料重量的方法一直无法提供令人满意的结果。
本领域需要开发一种能够获得良好性能的TPU微孔弹性体材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体通过将如下第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联得到:
所述第一预聚体的聚合单体为:聚醚二元醇和异佛二酮二异氰酸酯;
所述第二预聚体的聚合单体为:MDI和ε-己内酯;
所述第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联的交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷,交联过程中,第一预聚体和第二预聚体的质量比为1:1.5~3.5。
本发明选用特定的聚合单体发生交联,在特定比例下,能够获得力学性能优异的轻质弹性体。
优选地,所述第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 30~70
聚醚二元醇 10~20
扩链剂 1~5
催化剂 0.05~0.1
溶剂 5~10
4A分子筛 5~8
水 40~80。
优选地,所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 30~70
ε-己内酯 15~35
扩链剂 1~5
催化剂 0.05~0.1
溶剂 5~10
4A分子筛 5~8
水 40~80。
优选地,所述聚醚多元醇的分子量为1200~1500。
优选地,所述扩链剂为小分子扩链剂,优选1,4-丁二醇;
优选地,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
优选地,所述交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷;
优选地,所述交联过程使用中和剂终止反应,所述中和剂为三乙胺。
优选地,在所述第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联过程中,还添加有增塑剂;
优选地,所述增塑剂为DEHP。
本发明目的之二是提供一种如目的之一所述复合材料的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至60~70℃,进行反应0.5~1h;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至50~60℃,进行反应0.5~1h;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,加入交联剂在70~75℃反应1~2h,之后加入增塑剂、中和剂中和至pH值为7。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明通过选用特定的聚合单体发生交联,在特定比例下,能够获得力学性能优异的轻质弹性体,第一预聚体、第二预聚体、交联剂、发泡剂在特定组成下协同增效获得了优异的力学性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
实施例1
一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至65℃,进行反应0.8h;
第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 50
聚醚二元醇(分子量1200~1500) 15
1,4-丁二醇 3
辛酸亚锡 0.08
溶剂 7
4A分子筛 6
水 50;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至55℃,进行反应0.8h;
所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 40
ε-己内酯 25
1,4-丁二醇 3
辛酸亚锡 0.08
溶剂 7
4A分子筛 6
水 60;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,质量比为1:2,加入三羟甲基丙烷在73℃反应1.5h,之后加入DEHP、三乙胺中和至pH值为7。
实施例2
一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至60℃,进行反应1h;
第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 30
聚醚二元醇(分子量1200~1500) 10
1,4-丁二醇 1
辛酸亚锡 0.1
溶剂 5
4A分子筛 8
水 40;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至50~60℃,进行反应0.5~1h;
所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 30
ε-己内酯 35
1,4-丁二醇 1
辛酸亚锡 0.1
溶剂 5
4A分子筛 8
水 40;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,质量比为1:1.5,加入三羟甲基丙烷在75℃反应1h,之后加入DEHP、三乙胺中和至pH值为7。
实施例3
一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至70℃,进行反应0.5h;
第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 70
聚醚二元醇(分子量1200~1500) 10
1,4-丁二醇 5
辛酸亚锡 0.05
溶剂 10
4A分子筛 5
水 80;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至60℃,进行反应0.5h;
所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 70
ε-己内酯 15
1,4-丁二醇 5
辛酸亚锡 0.05
溶剂 10
4A分子筛 5
水 80;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,质量比为1:3.5,加入三羟甲基丙烷在70℃反应2h,之后加入DEHP、三乙胺中和至pH值为7。
对比例1
实施例1
一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至65℃,进行反应0.8h;
第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 50
聚醚二元醇(分子量1200~1500) 15
1,4-丁二醇 3
辛酸亚锡 0.08
溶剂 7
4A分子筛 6
水 50;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至55℃,进行反应0.8h;
所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 40
ε-己内酯 25
1,4-丁二醇 3
辛酸亚锡 0.08
溶剂 7
4A分子筛 6
水 60;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,质量比为1:1,加入三羟甲基丙烷在73℃反应1.5h,之后加入DEHP、三乙胺中和至pH值为7。
对比例2
实施例1
一种TPU微孔弹性体,所述TPU微孔弹性体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至65℃,进行反应0.8h;
第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 50
聚醚二元醇(分子量1200~1500) 15
1,4-丁二醇 3
辛酸亚锡 0.08
溶剂 7
4A分子筛 6
水 50;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至55℃,进行反应0.8h;
所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 40
ε-己内酯 25
1,4-丁二醇 3
辛酸亚锡 0.08
溶剂 7
4A分子筛 6
水 60;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,质量比为1:4,加入三羟甲基丙烷在73℃反应1.5h,之后加入DEHP、三乙胺中和至pH值为7。
性能测试
对实施例和对比例得到的复合材料进行邵氏A硬度测试(GB/T531-1999),拉伸强度测试(GB/T528-1998),延伸率(断裂伸长率GB/T528-1998),密度(GB/T6343-1995),冲击回弹(GB/T1681-1991)测试,结果见表1:
表1实施例和对比例得到的复合材料的性能测试结果
本发明通过选用特定的聚合单体发生交联,在特定比例下,能够获得力学性能优异的轻质弹性体,第一预聚体、第二预聚体、交联剂、发泡剂在特定组成下协同增效获得了优异的力学性能。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的工艺方法,但本发明并不局限于上述工艺步骤,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述工艺步骤才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明所选用原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种TPU微孔弹性体,其特征在于,所述TPU微孔弹性体通过将如下第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联得到:
所述第一预聚体的聚合单体为:聚醚二元醇和异佛二酮二异氰酸酯;
所述第二预聚体的聚合单体为:MDI和ε-己内酯;
所述第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联的交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷,交联过程中,第一预聚体和第二预聚体的质量比为1:1.5~3.5。
2.如权利要求1所述的TPU微孔弹性体,其特征在于,所述第一预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
异佛二酮二异氰酸酯 30~70
聚醚二元醇 10~20
扩链剂 1~5
催化剂 0.05~0.1
溶剂 5~10
4A分子筛 5~8
水 40~80。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的TPU微孔弹性体,其特征在于,所述第二预聚体的制备原料按重量份数包括如下组分:
MDI 30~70
ε-己内酯 15~35
扩链剂 1~5
催化剂 0.05~0.1
溶剂 5~10
4A分子筛 5~8
水 40~80。
4.如权利要求1~3之一所述复合材料,其特征在于,所述聚醚多元醇的分子量为1200~1500。
5.如权利要求1~4之一所述复合材料,其特征在于,所述扩链剂为小分子扩链剂,优选1,4-丁二醇;
优选地,所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
6.如权利要求1~5之一所述复合材料,其特征在于,所述交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷;
优选地,所述交联过程使用中和剂终止反应,所述中和剂为三乙胺。
7.如权利要求1~6之一所述复合材料,其特征在于,在所述第一预聚体和第二预聚体交联过程中,还添加有增塑剂;
优选地,所述增塑剂为DEHP。
8.一种如权利要求1~7之一所述TPU微孔弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至60~70℃,进行反应0.5~1h;
(2)制备第二预聚体:
将第一预聚体的原料按配方比混合,升温至50~60℃,进行反应0.5~1h;
(3)交联
将第一预聚体和第二预聚体混合,加入交联剂在70~75℃反应1~2h,之后加入增塑剂、中和剂中和至pH值为7。
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