CN106187006B - Composite gypsum material and preparation method thereof and plastering and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite gypsum material and preparation method thereof and plastering and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106187006B CN106187006B CN201610527547.6A CN201610527547A CN106187006B CN 106187006 B CN106187006 B CN 106187006B CN 201610527547 A CN201610527547 A CN 201610527547A CN 106187006 B CN106187006 B CN 106187006B
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- gypsum
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- crosslinking agent
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002742 anti-folding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- NKFNBVMJTSYZDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dodecyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCO NKFNBVMJTSYZDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-RWOPYEJCSA-N (1r,2s,3s,4s,5r)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,3,4-triol Chemical compound O1[C@@]2([H])OC[C@]1([H])[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]2O TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-RWOPYEJCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-Epiaffinine Natural products C1C(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C(=O)CC2C(=CC)CN(C)C1C2CO PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite gypsum materials and preparation method thereof and plastering and preparation method thereof.The composite gypsum material includes gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, the quality of polymer is the 3~20% of the quality of gypsum, polymer is selected from least one of polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the 0.03~0.5% of the quality of gypsum.Above-mentioned composite gypsum material can be prepared the higher plastering of intensity and facilitate moulding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite gypsum materials and preparation method thereof and plastering and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Traditional plastering is to form the slurry that can be flowed after mixing gypsum with water, this slurry has mobility,
Lack plasticity, needs to pour into slurry in mold, be removed from the molds after waiting slurries natural coagulation, determined by the shape of mold
Determine the shape of gypsum manufactured goods so that it must first prepare corresponding mold before the plastering for needing to obtain required shape,
It is inconvenient, and the flexural strength of obtained plastering is relatively low, limits use demand.
Invention content
In consideration of it, the higher plastering of flexural strength can be prepared and facilitating moulding stone it is necessary to provide a kind of
Cream composite material.
In addition, also providing preparation method and plastering of a kind of composite gypsum material and preparation method thereof.
The quality of a kind of composite gypsum material, including gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, the polymer is the gypsum
The 3~20% of quality, the polymer are selected from least one of polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans, institute
The quality for stating crosslinking agent is the 0.03~0.5% of the quality of the gypsum.
The pH value of the composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0 in one of the embodiments,.
Further include acid-base modifier in one of the embodiments, the acid-base modifier is citric acid, biphosphate
Sodium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Further include 0,2~2% surfactant of the quality that quality is the gypsum in one of the embodiments,
The surfactant is fatty acid ester surfactant or fatty acid acyl amine surfactant.
Further include 0.05~2% fiber of the quality that quality is the gypsum, the fibre in one of the embodiments,
Dimension is selected from least one of polypropylene fibre, vinal and wood-fibred.
The crosslinking agent is selected from least one of boric acid and borate in one of the embodiments,.
A kind of preparation method of composite gypsum material, includes the following steps：
Weigh gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, wherein the quality of the polymer be the gypsum quality 3~
20%, the polymer is selected from least one of polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans, the crosslinking agent
Quality is the 0.03~0.5% of the quality of the gypsum；
The gypsum, the polymer and the crosslinking agent are mixed, composite gypsum material is obtained.
In the step of in one of the embodiments, mixing the gypsum, the polymer and the crosslinking agent, also wrap
The step of acid-base modifier is added is included, so that the pH value of the composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0.
In the step of in one of the embodiments, mixing the gypsum, the polymer and the crosslinking agent, also wrap
The step of including 0.2~2% surfactant that the quality that quality is the gypsum is added, wherein the surfactant is
Fatty acid ester surfactant or fatty acid acyl amine surfactant.
In the step of in one of the embodiments, mixing the gypsum, the polymer and the crosslinking agent, also wrap
The step of including 0.05~2% fiber that the quality that quality is the gypsum is added, wherein it is fine that the fiber is selected from polypropylene
At least one of dimension, vinal and wood-fibred.
A kind of preparation method of plastering, includes the following steps：
Above-mentioned composite gypsum material is mixed with water and carries out cross-linking reaction, obtains having plastic gel；
The gel is moulding；
The gel after will be moulding stands solidification, through drying, obtains plastering.
The plastering prepared according to the preparation method of above-mentioned plastering.
Since above-mentioned composite gypsum material includes gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, and polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, gala
At least one of mannosan and glucomannans, and mixed according to said ratio so that when above-mentioned composite gypsum material with
When water mixes, above-mentioned polymer can first quickly dissolving be swollen under the action of water, and is crosslinked reaction with crosslinking agent and formed tool
Plastic gel, and the gel has the state similar to plasticine, and gypsum could solidify after wanting a period of time, in stone
Pureed is remained before cream solidification, can be moulding by kneading, it is moulding very convenient；Then, due to the freezing action of gypsum,
Moulding gel can solidify, because above-mentioned crosslinked polymer polymer substance obtained by the reaction can be evenly distributed in gypsum body
In, the effect of playing reinforcing mat so that plastering has higher flexural strength.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of the plastering of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the preparation method of the composite gypsum material in the preparation method of plastering shown in FIG. 1.
Specific implementation mode
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings to invention is more fully described.In attached drawing
Give the preferred embodiment of the present invention.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to herein
Described embodiment.Keep the understanding to the disclosure more saturating on the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is
It is thorough comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article and belong to the technical field of the present invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Used term is intended merely to description tool in the description of the invention herein
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term " and or " used herein includes one or more phases
Any and all combinations of the Listed Items of pass.
As shown in Figure 1, the composite gypsum material of an embodiment, including gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent.
Wherein, the quality of polymer is the 3~20% of the quality of gypsum.It is poly- that polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannan
At least one of sugar and glucomannans.
It can be dissolved immediately since polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans these three substances meet water at normal temperatures
Or swelling, the hydrosol of formation quickly can also occur chemical crosslink reaction with boric acid (or borate) at normal temperatures, form high score
Sub- substance.Before land plaster does not harden, this polymer substance wraps powder gypsum, forms plasticine；In gypsum
Afterwards, this polymer substance is evenly distributed in gypsum body, the effect of playing reinforcing mat, to receive high breaking strength gypsum system
Product.
Wherein, the quality of crosslinking agent is the 0.03~0.5% of the quality of gypsum, and crosslinking agent is in boric acid and borate
It is at least one.Wherein, borate is selected from least one of sodium tetraborate and dipotassium tetraborate.
Wherein, the pH value of composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0.For the relatively high gypsum of purity, normal gypsum is compound
The pH value of material is 6.5~7.5, close to neutral state.When being equipped with due to land plaster there may be pickling is insufficient or depickling not
Foot, pH value can have higher or relatively low phenomenon.Boric acid or borate are a kind of retarder of gypsum, can delay the solidification of gypsum
Polymer is met water and reacts to form time of plasticine and elongate by the time, and a kind of operation easy to process, this retarder is 5.0 in pH
Effect is preferable within the scope of weak acid to alkalescent when~9.0.In addition, polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans with
Crosslinking agent formed polymer substance, pH be less than 5.0 when strong acid under polymerisation it is weak, colloid can very viscous hand, pH be higher than 9.0
Highly basic when polymerisation it is too strong, the too crisp easy dehydration of colloid quality, it is also desirable to pH control between 5.0~9.0, to be fitted
Suitable polymer gel.
Wherein, if the pH value of the mixture of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent is not in 5.0~9.0 ranges, plaster composite
Material further includes acid-base modifier, by the way that acid-base modifier is added so that the pH value of composite gypsum material is in 5.0~9.0 ranges.
Acid-base modifier is citric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
When the pH of the mixture of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent is less than 5.0, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or phosphorus are used
Sour hydrogen dipotassium adjusts the pH of the mixture of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, so that the pH of composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0；When
When the pH of the mixture of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent is more than 9.0, citric acid or sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate tune are used
The pH of the mixture of arthrolith cream, polymer and crosslinking agent, so that the pH of composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0.
Further, composite gypsum material further includes 0.2~2% surfactant of the quality that quality is gypsum, and
Surfactant is fatty acid ester or fatty acid acyl amine surfactant, so that composite gypsum material is with preferable affine
Power and adhesive force.
Wherein, fatty acid ester surfactant is selected from least one of Si Pan and tween；Fatty acid acyl amine surface
Activating agent is selected from least one of Lauryl Diethanolamine and cocamide diethanolamine.
Further, composite gypsum material further includes 0.05~2% fiber of the quality that quality is gypsum, and fiber is selected from
At least one of polypropylene fibre, vinal and wood-fibred, fiber can make product prepared by composite gypsum material
With preferable folding strength.
Since above-mentioned composite gypsum material includes gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, and polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, gala
At least one of mannosan and glucomannans, and mixed according to said ratio so that when above-mentioned composite gypsum material with
When water mixes, above-mentioned polymer can first quickly dissolving be swollen under the action of water, and is crosslinked reaction with crosslinking agent and formed tool
Plastic gel, and the gel has the state similar to plasticine, and gypsum could solidify after wanting a period of time, in stone
Pureed is remained before cream solidification, can be moulding by kneading before gypsum sets, it is moulding very convenient；Simultaneously as
The freezing action of gypsum, and because above-mentioned crosslinked polymer polymer substance obtained by the reaction can be evenly distributed in gypsum body
In, the effect of playing reinforcing mat so that plastering has higher flexural strength.
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of the plastering of an embodiment, includes the following steps：
Step S110：Composite gypsum material is mixed with water and carries out cross-linking reaction, obtains having plastic gel.
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2, composite gypsum material is prepared using following preparation method：
Step S112：Weigh gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent.
Wherein, the quality of polymer is the 3~20% of the quality of gypsum.It is poly- that polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannan
At least one of sugar and glucomannans.
Wherein, the quality of crosslinking agent is the 0.03~0.5% of the quality of gypsum.Crosslinking agent is in boric acid and borate
It is at least one.Borate is selected from least one of sodium tetraborate and dipotassium tetraborate.
Step S114：Gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent are mixed, composite gypsum material is obtained.
Further, further include the step that acid-base modifier is added in the step of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent being mixed
Suddenly, so that the pH value of composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0.Wherein, acid-base modifier is citric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Further, further include that the quality that quality is gypsum is added in the step of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent being mixed
0.2~2% surfactant the step of.Wherein, surfactant is fatty acid ester surfactant or fatty acid acyl
Amine surfactants.Wherein, fatty acid ester surfactant is selected from least one of Si Pan and tween；Fatty acid amide
Class surfactant is selected from least one of Lauryl Diethanolamine and cocamide diethanolamine.
Further, further include that the quality that quality is gypsum is added in the step of gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent being mixed
0.05~2% fiber the step of.Wherein, fiber in polypropylene fibre, vinal and wood-fibred at least
It is a kind of.
Step S120：Gel is moulding.
Wherein, the moulding method of gel can be ground for molding, rotational moulding, roller, rub, squeeze, pat etc..
Step S130：Gel after will be moulding stands solidification, through drying, obtains plastering.
Wherein, dry method can be drying, or spontaneously dry.
There is preferable flexural strength according to plastering prepared by the above method.
The above method is easy to operate, is easy to industrialized production.
It is specific embodiment part below：
Embodiment 1
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent are weighed, wherein polymer is polyvinyl alcohol, and the quality of polymer is gypsum
The 15% of quality, crosslinking agent are boric acid, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the 0.1% of the quality of gypsum.
(2) gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent are uniformly mixed, obtain composite gypsum material, and composite gypsum material
PH value be 7.3.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, so that polymer is crosslinked with crosslinking agent and is obtained by the reaction with plasticity
Gel, by gel mold compression moulding shape.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
According to QB/T2960-2008<Color mud》The plasticity of the gel of the present embodiment is tested, plasticity is indicated with plasticity,
The plasticity area requirement of toy plasticine is between 0.4~1.0, and plasticity is lower, and plasticity is more difficult to, and plasticity is higher,
It is moulding easier；According to GBT17669.3-1999《Building gypsum Mechanics Performance Testing》Test the plastering of the present embodiment
Flexural strength, as unit of MPa.Wherein, the plasticity of the gel of the present embodiment and the flexural strength of plastering are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent and surfactant are weighed, polymer is galactomannans, the matter of polymer
Amount is the 20% of the quality of gypsum, and crosslinking agent is sodium tetraborate, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the 0.03% of the quality of gypsum, and surface is lived
Property agent be tween, the quality of surfactant is the 0.2% of the quality of gypsum.
(2) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent and surfactant are uniformly mixed and obtain mixture, and use acid-base accommodation
Agent adjusts the pH value of mixture to 5.0, obtains composite gypsum material, wherein acid-base modifier is citric acid.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, polymer crosslinked with crosslinking agent be obtained by the reaction tool it is plastic
Gel roller is ground moulding by gel.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of the present embodiment is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are weighed, polymer is glucomannans, polymer
Quality be gypsum quality 3%, crosslinking agent is dipotassium tetraborate, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the 0.5% of the quality of gypsum, surface
Activating agent is this Pan, and the quality of surfactant is the 2% of the quality of gypsum, and fiber is polypropylene fibre, and fiber is gypsum
The 0.05% of quality.
(2) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are uniformly mixed and obtain mixture, and use soda acid
Conditioning agent adjusts the pH value of mixture to 9.0, obtains composite gypsum material, wherein acid-base modifier is sodium carbonate.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, polymer crosslinked with crosslinking agent be obtained by the reaction tool it is plastic
Gel, gel rotational moulding is moulding.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of the present embodiment is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are weighed, polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and galactomannan
Glycan, the quality of polymer are the 10% of the quality of gypsum, and crosslinking agent is boric acid, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the quality of gypsum
0.2%, surfactant is Lauryl Diethanolamine, and the quality of surfactant is the 0.7% of the quality of gypsum, and fiber is poly-
Alcohol fibers, fiber are the 0.05% of the quality of gypsum.
(2) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are uniformly mixed and obtain mixture, and use soda acid
Conditioning agent adjusts the pH value of mixture to 8, obtains composite gypsum material, wherein acid-base modifier is disodium hydrogen phosphate.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, polymer crosslinked with crosslinking agent be obtained by the reaction tool it is plastic
Gel squeezes gel moulding.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of the present embodiment is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are weighed, polymer is polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannan
Glycan and glucomannans, the quality of polymer are the 5% of the quality of gypsum, and crosslinking agent is boric acid and sodium tetraborate, crosslinking agent
Quality be gypsum quality 0.08%, surfactant be cocamide diethanolamine and Lauryl Diethanolamine, surface
The quality of activating agent is the 1.4% of the quality of gypsum, and fiber is polypropylene fibre and vinal, and fiber is the matter of gypsum
The 0.3% of amount.
(2) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are uniformly mixed and obtain mixture, and use soda acid
Conditioning agent adjusts the pH value of mixture to 6.5, obtains composite gypsum material, acid-base modifier is sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, polymer crosslinked with crosslinking agent be obtained by the reaction tool it is plastic
Gel is patted gel moulding.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of the present embodiment is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are weighed, polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and Portugal's sweet dew
Glycan, the quality of polymer are the 12% of the quality of gypsum, and crosslinking agent is dipotassium tetraborate, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the quality of gypsum
0.3%, surfactant is tween and Si Pan, and the quality of surfactant is the 0.5% of the quality of gypsum, and fiber is that wood is fine
Dimension, fiber are the 1.3% of the quality of gypsum.
(2) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are uniformly mixed and obtain mixture, and use soda acid
Conditioning agent adjusts the pH value of mixture to 6, obtains composite gypsum material, acid-base modifier is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, polymer crosslinked with crosslinking agent be obtained by the reaction tool it is plastic
Gel is rubbed gel moulding.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of the present embodiment is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 7
The step of plastering of the present embodiment, is as follows：
(1) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are weighed, polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and Portugal's sweet dew
Glycan, the quality of polymer are the 18% of the quality of gypsum, and crosslinking agent is dipotassium tetraborate, and the quality of crosslinking agent is the quality of gypsum
0.1%, surfactant is cocamide diethanolamine, and the quality of surfactant is the 1.5% of the quality of gypsum, fiber
For wood-fibred, fiber is the 0.9% of the quality of gypsum.
(2) gypsum, polymer, crosslinking agent, surfactant and fiber are uniformly mixed and obtain mixture, and use soda acid
Conditioning agent adjusts the pH value of mixture to 7.5, obtains composite gypsum material, acid-base modifier is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
(3) composite gypsum material is mixed with water, polymer crosslinked with crosslinking agent be obtained by the reaction tool it is plastic
Gel is rubbed gel moulding.
(4) gel stands solidification after will be moulding, then is dried through 100 DEG C of temperature, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of the present embodiment is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The step of plastering of comparative example 1, is as follows：
Gypsum is mixed with water, slurry is obtained, slurry is poured into mold, after to be solidified, obtains plastering.
The anti-folding of plasticity and plastering that the gel of comparative example 1 is obtained using 1 identical test method of embodiment is strong
Degree is shown in Table 1.
What table 1 indicated is the flexural strength of the plasticity and plastering of the gel of Examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1.
Table 1
From table 1 it follows that the plasticity of the gel of Examples 1 to 6 is between 0.4~1.0, have it is good can
Plasticity energy.And the flexural strength of the plastering of Examples 1 to 6 is at least 16MPa, and the anti-folding of the plastering of comparative example 1
Intensity is only 10MPa, it is clear that the plastering of Examples 1 to 6 has better flexural strength.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to keep description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, it is all considered to be the range of this specification record.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite gypsum material, which is characterized in that including gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, the quality of the polymer is
The 3~20% of the quality of the gypsum, the polymer in polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans extremely
Few one kind, the quality of the crosslinking agent are the 0.03~0.5% of the quality of the gypsum；
Wherein, the pH value of the composite gypsum material be 5.0~9.0, the crosslinking agent in boric acid and borate at least
It is a kind of.
2. composite gypsum material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include acid-base modifier, the soda acid tune
Section agent is citric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
3. composite gypsum material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the quality that quality is the gypsum
0.2~2% surfactant, the surfactant are that fatty acid ester surfactant or fatty acid acyl amine surface are lived
Property agent.
4. composite gypsum material according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that further include the matter that quality is the gypsum
0.05~2% fiber of amount, the fiber are selected from least one of polypropylene fibre, vinal and wood-fibred.
5. a kind of preparation method of composite gypsum material, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Weigh gypsum, polymer and crosslinking agent, wherein the quality of the polymer is the 3~20% of the quality of the gypsum, institute
It states polymer and is selected from least one of polyvinyl alcohol, galactomannans and glucomannans, the quality of the crosslinking agent is
The 0.03~0.5% of the quality of the gypsum；
The gypsum, the polymer and the crosslinking agent are mixed, composite gypsum material is obtained；
The pH value of the composite gypsum material is 5.0~9.0, and the crosslinking agent is selected from least one of boric acid and borate.
6. the preparation method of composite gypsum material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that by the gypsum, described poly-
Further include the steps that acid-base modifier is added, so that the composite gypsum material in the step of closing object and crosslinking agent mixing
PH value be 5.0~9.0.
7. the preparation method of composite gypsum material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that by the gypsum, described poly-
Further include 0.2~2% surface work that the quality that quality is the gypsum is added in the step of closing object and crosslinking agent mixing
Property agent the step of, wherein the surfactant be fatty acid ester surfactant or fatty acid acyl amine surfactant.
8. the preparation method of composite gypsum material according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that by the gypsum, described
Further include 0.05~2% fibre that the quality that quality is the gypsum is added in the step of polymer and the crosslinking agent mix
The step of dimension, wherein the fiber is selected from least one of polypropylene fibre, vinal and wood-fibred.
9. a kind of preparation method of plastering, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Composite gypsum material described in Claims 1 to 4 any one is mixed with water and carries out cross-linking reaction, obtains having plastic
The gel of property；
The gel is moulding；
The gel after will be moulding stands solidification, through drying, obtains plastering.
10. plastering prepared by the preparation method of plastering according to claim 9.
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