CN106166839B - Automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a kind of automatic clamping devices and its control method based on laser transmission welding of laser transmission welding field, which includes laser emitter, control system and clamping system；The control system be include laser controller, computer, control pressurer system, hydraulic control system and moving coordinate controller composition；The clamping system includes pedestal, clamp system, workpiece mechanism and three-dimensional moving coordinate platform.The present invention uses laser as energy, by clamping system and control system automatic pressure regulation, to accurately realize the of the same race or welding between xenogenesis thermoplastic and thermoplastic and metal and raising working efficiency.

Description

Automatic clamping device and its control method based on laser transmission welding

technical field

The invention belongs to the research field of laser transmission welding, and in particular relates to an automatic clamping device and a control method thereof based on laser transmission welding between thermoplastic plastics or between thermoplastic plastics and metal materials.

Background technique

Plastic products have the advantages of light weight, high strength, low density, low cost, excellent elasticity, and corrosion resistance. Therefore, plastics are used more and more widely, especially thermoplastics. Most thermoplastic products are molded products. Affected by injection molding, extrusion processing technology and mold making, many plastic products with irregular shapes or complex structures are difficult to be injection molded at one time. Usually the most economical and effective method is Combining multiple simple injection molded parts, a variety of joining methods for thermoplastics have emerged. Traditional mechanical connection methods are not widely used due to the disadvantages of easy damage to components, weak connection and introduction of foreign substances. Compared with traditional welding methods, laser transmission welding has many advantages, such as forming precise, firm and sealed welds; easy to control and can realize automatic production; small welding heat-affected zone; fast welding speed, high quality, and weld seam It is located at the material interface; the welding thermal stress and vibration stress are small; it can realize the welding of dissimilar materials. It is currently the most potential welding method between thermoplastics and between thermoplastics and metals.

When laser transmission welding thermoplastics, the upper surface of the lower material absorbs light, converts light energy into heat energy, and melts the plastic. Under the action of pressure, molecular chains entangle to form van der Waals forces or chemical reactions to form chemical bonds to form strong chemical bonds.

Laser transmission welding technology is the trend of future development, but it also faces a major problem, which is the welding clamping device. The pressure required to form welded parts is different for different materials, and a clamping device that can be automatically adjusted according to the required pressure value is required; with the wide application of laser welding, a device with a high degree of automation is required to improve work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic clamping device and its control method for the same kind of thermoplastics or different thermoplastics and the welding between thermoplastics and metals to address the above problems, which can automatically adjust the pressure according to the set pressure value, thereby Improve the overall strength and stiffness of weldments and work efficiency.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding, including a clamping system, a control system and a laser emitter;

The clamping system includes a clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism includes a bottom plate, a pad, a trapezoidal slider, two guide posts, an upper slider, a backing plate, a top plate, a hydraulic cylinder and at least one sensor;

The top plate is fixed on the bottom plate through a support rod, the spacer is located between the top plate and the bottom plate, and is fixed on the bottom plate; the upper slider is a trapezoidal three-dimensional shape, and the lower bottom surface of the upper slider is an inclined plane; One end of the guide post is against the bottom of the top plate, and the other end passes through the guide holes on both sides of the upper slider and is against the top of the pad; the trapezoidal slider is placed between the pad and the upper slider, The top of the trapezoidal slider is an inclined plane, and the top of the trapezoidal slider is in contact with the lower surface of the upper slider, and the slope is consistent; The sides are fixedly connected; the top plate is provided with light-transmitting glass, and the laser transmitter is located above the light-transmitting glass; the sensor is installed on the upper slider;

The control system includes a laser controller, a computer, a pressure control system and a hydraulic control system; one end of the laser controller is electrically connected to the computer, and the other end is electrically connected to the laser emitter for controlling the working state of the laser emitter; One end of the pressure control system is electrically connected to the computer, and the other end is electrically connected to the sensor for controlling the clamping force on the workpiece; one end of the hydraulic control system is electrically connected to the computer, and the other end is electrically connected to the hydraulic cylinder. It is used to control the piston movement of the hydraulic cylinder; the sensor is used to detect the clamping pressure of the clamping mechanism on the workpiece. When the pressure value reaches the value entered on the computer before, the sensor sends the signal to the pressure control system, and the pressure control system sends the signal to the pressure control system. The signal is sent to the computer, the computer sends the signal to the hydraulic control system, and the hydraulic control system controls the work of the hydraulic cylinder.

In the above solution, the clamping system also includes a base and a three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform; the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform is placed above the base; the base plate is placed above the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform; the control system also includes A mobile coordinate controller; one end of the mobile coordinate controller is electrically connected to the computer, and the other end is electrically connected to the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform, and is used to control the movement of the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform.

In the above solution, the clamping system also includes a workpiece mechanism, the workpiece mechanism includes a lower workpiece and an upper workpiece, and the lower workpiece and the upper workpiece are sequentially placed between the backing plate and the transparent glass; the upper workpiece is a transparent Thermoplastics with better optical properties; the lower workpiece is thermoplastics or metal materials with better optical absorption.

In the above solution, the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the base plate through a hydraulic cylinder fixing bracket.

In the above solution, the number of the sensors is 4, and the four sensors are symmetrically and evenly distributed on the upper slider in pairs.

In the above solution, the transparent glass is K9 glass.

A control method according to the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding, comprising the following steps:

S1, turn on the power, and turn on the computer and the laser controller;

S2, placing the lower workpiece and the upper workpiece sequentially on the backing plate;

S3. Input the pressure value applied to the workpiece plan into the computer, and the computer sends the signal to the hydraulic control system. The hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic cylinder to start working, and the trapezoidal slider is pushed to move left and right through the hydraulic cylinder, and the trapezoidal slider is moved. When moving to the left, the upper slider moves upwards gradually to exert pressure on the workpiece. When the pressure value reaches the value entered on the computer before, the sensor sends the signal to the pressure control system, and the pressure control system sends the signal to the computer. The computer Then send the signal to the hydraulic control system, the hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic cylinder to stop working, and completes the clamping work of the workpiece;

S4. Input the coordinate value of the starting position of the welding seam into the computer, and the computer sends a signal to the moving coordinate controller to move the coordinate controller to control the movement of the three-dimensional moving coordinate platform, so that the welding seam position is located on the optical path;

S5. Input the length value of the weld seam into the computer, and the computer sends the signal of the length value of the weld seam to the mobile coordinate controller to control the movement of the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform along the direction of the weld seam. When the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform starts to move, the laser control The laser transmitter turns on the laser transmitter, the laser passes through the light-transmitting glass and the upper workpiece to reach the upper surface of the lower workpiece, and forms a weld under pressure. When the laser reaches the end of the weld position, the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform is controlled by the mobile coordinate controller. Control and stop the movement, at this time the laser transmitter is closed under the control of the laser controller, and a laser transmission welding work is completed;

S6. Use the computer to control the movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic control system, so that the trapezoidal slider moves to the right, and the upper slider moves down along the guide column. When the upper slider moves down to the appropriate position where the weldment can be taken out At this time, the hydraulic control system is closed through the computer, so that the hydraulic cylinder stops working and enters the next laser transmission welding cycle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts laser as the energy source, controls the movement of the hydraulic cylinder piston through the control system, thereby pushing the movement of the trapezoidal sliding block; the movement of the trapezoidal sliding block causes the upper sliding block to Move up and down along the guide column; the pressure is controlled by the movement of the upper slider, and the automatic clamping device can set the pressure value in the control system according to different needs, and automatically adjust the clamping force according to the pressure value, which improves the Welding precision and work efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of placing the sensor on the upper slider according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a workpiece mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform; 3. Bottom plate; 4. Spacer; 5. Trapezoidal slider; 6. Guide post; 7. Upper slider; 8. Backing plate; 9. Top plate; 10. Translucent glass; 11. Laser transmitter; 12. Laser controller; 13. Computer; 14. Pressure control system; 15. Hydraulic control system; 16. Moving coordinate controller; 17. Support rod; 18. Hydraulic cylinder Fixed bracket; 19, hydraulic cylinder; 20, sensor; 21, lower workpiece; 22, upper workpiece; 23, guide hole.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to the present invention. The automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding includes a clamping system, a control system and a laser emitter 11 .

The clamping system includes a clamping mechanism, a base 1, a three-dimensional moving coordinate platform 2 and a workpiece mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes a bottom plate 3 , a spacer 4 , a trapezoidal slider 5 , two guide columns 6 , an upper slider 7 , a backing plate 8 , a top plate 9 , a hydraulic cylinder 19 and at least one sensor 20 . The three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform 2 is placed above the base 1; the base plate 3 is placed above the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform 2; the top plate 9 is fixed above the base plate 3 by four support rods 17, and between the two There is a certain distance between them; the pad 4 is located between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 3, and is fixed on the bottom plate 3; the upper slider 7 is a trapezoidal three-dimensional, and the lower bottom surface of the upper slider 7 is an inclined plane; One end of the guide post 6 abuts against the bottom of the top plate 9, and the other end respectively passes through the upper slider 7 and abuts against the top of the pad 4; the trapezoidal slider 5 is placed between the pad 4 and the upper slider 7 , the top of the trapezoidal slider 5 is an inclined plane, and the top of the trapezoidal slider 5 is in contact with the bottom surface of the upper slider 7, and the slope is consistent; the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixed on the base plate 3 by a hydraulic cylinder fixing bracket 18; The piston rod outer end of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly connected with the side of the trapezoidal slider 5, and is used to control the left and right movement of the trapezoidal slider 5; the top plate 9 is provided with a light-transmitting glass 10, preferably, the light-transmitting Glass 10 is K9 glass with better light transmission. The laser emitter 11 is located above the transparent glass 10 .

As shown in Figure 2, guide holes 23 are respectively opened on both sides of the upper slider 7, and the other ends of the guide posts 6 pass through the guide holes 23 respectively, and the guide posts 6 can move in the guide holes 23, thereby Make upper slide block 7 move up and down. The sensor 20 is placed between the upper slider 7 and the backing plate 8 . The sensor 20 is installed on the upper slider 7. Preferably, the number of the sensors 20 is four, and the four sensors 20 are symmetrically and evenly distributed on the upper slider 7 in pairs, and the balanced force makes the detected pressure more accurate. .

As shown in Figure 3, the workpiece mechanism includes a lower workpiece 21 and an upper workpiece 22, and the lower workpiece 21 and the upper workpiece 22 are sequentially placed between the backing plate 8 and the light-transmitting glass 10; the upper workpiece 22 is light-transmitting Thermoplastics with better properties; the lower workpiece 21 is thermoplastics or metal materials with better light absorption.

Described control system comprises laser controller 12, computer 13, pressure control system 14, hydraulic pressure control system 15 and moving coordinate controller 16; One end of described laser controller 12 is electrically connected with computer 13, and the other end is connected with laser emitter 11 Electrically connected to control the working state of the laser transmitter 11; one end of the pressure control system 14 is electrically connected to the computer 13, and the other end is electrically connected to the sensor 20 for controlling the clamping force on the workpiece; the hydraulic pressure One end of the control system 15 is electrically connected to the computer 13, and the other end is electrically connected to the hydraulic cylinder 19 for controlling the piston movement of the hydraulic cylinder 19; one end of the moving coordinate controller 16 is electrically connected to the computer 13, and the other end is electrically connected to the three-dimensional mobile The coordinate platform 2 is electrically connected to control the movement of the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform 2; the sensor 20 is used to detect the clamping pressure of the clamping mechanism on the workpiece. When the pressure value reaches the value input on the computer 13 before, the sensor 20 The signal is sent to the pressure control system 14, and the pressure control system 14 sends the signal to the computer 13, and the computer 13 sends the signal to the hydraulic control system 15, and the hydraulic control system 15 controls the work of the hydraulic cylinder 19.

The present invention also provides a control method according to the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding, including the following steps:

S1, turn on the power, open the computer 13 and the laser controller 12;

S2, placing the lower workpiece 21 and the upper workpiece 22 sequentially on the backing plate 8;

S3, input the pressure value applied to the workpiece plan into the computer 13, the computer 13 sends the signal to the hydraulic control system 15, the hydraulic control system 15 controls the hydraulic cylinder 19 to start working, and the trapezoidal slider 5 is pushed around by the hydraulic cylinder 19 Movement, with the leftward movement of the trapezoidal slider 5, the upper slider 7 will move upward along the guide post 6, otherwise, the trapezoidal slider 5 will move downward, and the upper slider 7 will move down along the guide post 6; When the moving trapezoidal slider 5 moves to the left, the upper slider 7 gradually moves upwards, and finally slowly exerts pressure on the workpiece. When the pressure value reaches the value input on the computer 13, the sensor 20 sends a signal to the pressure control system 14. The pressure control system 14 sends the signal to the computer 13, and the computer 13 sends the signal to the hydraulic control system 15, and the hydraulic control system 15 will control the hydraulic cylinder 19 to stop working, and the clamping work of the workpiece is completed at this time;

S4. Input the coordinate value of the starting position of the welding seam into the computer 13, and the computer 13 sends a signal to the mobile coordinate controller 16 to move the coordinate controller 16 to control the movement of the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform 2, so that the welding seam position is located at the optical position. on the road;

S5, input the length value of weld seam into computer 13, utilize computer 13 to make mobile coordinate controller 16 and laser controller 12 work simultaneously, computer 13 sends the signal of weld seam length value to mobile coordinate controller 16 to control three-dimensional The mobile coordinate platform 2 moves along the direction of the welding seam. When the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform 2 starts to move, the laser controller 12 turns on the laser emitter 11, and the laser passes through the transparent glass 10 and the upper workpiece 21 to reach the upper surface of the lower workpiece 22. The energy is absorbed by the upper surface of the lower workpiece 22, the contact surface of the lower workpiece 21 and the upper workpiece 22 is heated and melted, and a weld is formed under the action of pressure. When the laser reaches the end of the weld position, the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform 2 is controlled by the mobile coordinate controller. 16 to stop the movement, at this time the laser emitter 11 is closed under the control of the laser controller 12 to complete a laser transmission welding work;

S6, after completing a laser transmission welding work, use the computer 13 to control the movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 19 through the hydraulic control system 15, so that the trapezoidal slider 5 moves to the right, and the upper slider 7 moves downward along the guide column 6, when When the upper slider 7 moves down to the proper position where the welded parts can be taken out, the hydraulic control system 15 is closed by the computer 13, so that the hydraulic cylinder 19 stops working and enters the next laser transmission welding cycle.

The automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding in the present invention can realize automatic clamping according to a set value through the combined action of the clamping system and the control system, thereby improving welding precision and work efficiency.

It should be understood that although this description is described according to various embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description of the description is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the description as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions for feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiment or All changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A control method of an automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding, characterized in that, the automatic clamping device comprises a clamping system, a control system and a laser emitter (11); The clamping system includes a clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism includes a bottom plate (3), a spacer (4), a trapezoidal slider (5), two guide posts (6), an upper slider (7) , backing plate (8), top plate (9), hydraulic cylinder (19) and at least one sensor (20); The top board (9) is fixed on the bottom board (3) through a support rod (17), and the spacer (4) is located between the top board (9) and the bottom board (3) and fixed on the bottom board (3) ; The upper slider (7) is a trapezoidal three-dimensional, and the lower bottom surface of the upper slider (7) is a slope; one end of the guide post (6) is against the bottom of the top plate (9), and the other end passes through the upper The guide holes (23) on both sides of the slider (7) are against the top of the pad (4); the trapezoidal slider (5) is placed between the pad (4) and the upper slider (7) , the top of the trapezoidal slide (5) is an inclined plane, the top of the trapezoidal slide (5) is in contact with the bottom surface of the upper slide (7), and the inclination is consistent; the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixed on the base plate ( 3), the outer end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixedly connected to the side of the trapezoidal slider (5); the top plate (9) is provided with light-transmitting glass (10), and the laser emitter (11 ) is located above the light-transmitting glass (10); the sensor (20) is installed on the upper slider (7); The control system includes a laser controller (12), a computer (13), a pressure control system (14) and a hydraulic control system (15); one end of the laser controller (12) is electrically connected to the computer (13), and the other One end is electrically connected with the laser emitter (11), and is used to control the working state of the laser emitter (11); one end of the pressure control system (14) is electrically connected with the computer (13), and the other end is electrically connected with the sensor (20). One end of the hydraulic control system (15) is electrically connected with the computer (13), and the other end is electrically connected with the hydraulic cylinder (19) for controlling the hydraulic cylinder (19) The piston movement of the sensor (20) is used to detect the clamping pressure of the clamping mechanism on the workpiece. When the pressure value reaches the value input on the previous computer (13), the sensor (20) sends a signal to the pressure control system (14 ), the pressure control system (14) sends the signal to the computer (13) again, and the computer (13) sends the signal to the hydraulic control system (15), and the hydraulic control system (15) controls the work of the hydraulic cylinder (19); Described control method comprises the following steps: S1, switch on the power supply, open the computer (13) and the laser controller (12); S2, placing the lower workpiece (21) and the upper workpiece (22) on the backing plate (8) in sequence; S3. Input the pressure value applied to the workpiece plan into the computer (13), the computer (13) sends a signal to the hydraulic control system (15), and the hydraulic control system (15) controls the hydraulic cylinder (19) to start working, The hydraulic cylinder (19) pushes the trapezoidal slider (5) to move left and right. When the movable trapezoidal slider (5) moves to the left, the upper slider (7) gradually moves upwards to exert pressure on the workpiece. When the pressure value reaches the When inputting the value on the computer (13), the sensor (20) sends the signal to the pressure control system (14), and the pressure control system (14) sends the signal to the computer (13) again, and the computer (13) sends the signal to the The hydraulic control system (15), the hydraulic control system (15) controls the hydraulic cylinder (19) to stop working, and completes the clamping work of the workpiece; S4, input the coordinate value of welding seam starting position in computer (13), computer (13) sends signal to mobile coordinate controller (16), comes mobile coordinate controller (16) to control three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2 ) movement, so that the position of the welding seam is on the optical path; S5. Input the length value of the weld seam into the computer (13), and the computer (13) sends the signal of the weld seam length value to the mobile coordinate controller (16) to control the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2) to move along the weld seam direction , when the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2) starts to move, the laser controller (12) turns on the laser emitter (11), and the laser passes through the light-transmitting glass (10) and the upper workpiece (21) to reach the bottom of the lower workpiece (22) On the upper surface, a weld seam is formed under the action of pressure. When the laser reaches the end of the weld seam position, the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2) stops moving under the control of the mobile coordinate controller (16). At this time, the laser emitter (11) is controlled by The control of the laser controller (12) is closed to complete a laser transmission welding work; S6. Utilize the computer (13) to control the movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder (19) through the hydraulic control system (15), so that the trapezoidal slider (5) moves to the right, and the upper slider (7) moves along the guide post (6). When the upper slider (7) moves down to the appropriate position where the weldment can be taken out, the hydraulic control system (15) is closed by the computer (13), so that the hydraulic cylinder (19) stops working and enters the next laser Transmission welding cycle. 2. The control method of the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, the clamping system also includes a base (1) and a three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2); the three-dimensional The mobile coordinate platform (2) is placed above the base (1); the base plate (3) is placed above the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2); the control system also includes a mobile coordinate controller (16); the One end of the mobile coordinate controller (16) is electrically connected to the computer (13), and the other end is electrically connected to the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2), for controlling the movement of the three-dimensional mobile coordinate platform (2). 3. the control method of the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described clamping system also comprises workpiece mechanism, and described workpiece mechanism comprises lower workpiece (21) and upper workpiece ( 22), the lower workpiece (21) and the upper workpiece (22) are sequentially placed between the backing plate 8 and the light-transmitting glass 10; the upper workpiece (22) is a thermoplastic with better light transmission; the lower workpiece ( 21) It is a thermoplastic or metal material with better light absorption. 4. The control method of the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixed on the bottom plate (3) through a hydraulic cylinder fixing bracket (18). 5. The control method of the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of the sensors (20) is 4, and the four sensors (20) are symmetrically and evenly distributed in pairs On the upper slider (7). 6. The control method of the automatic clamping device based on laser transmission welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, the transparent glass (10) is K9 glass.