CN106164452A - Synchronize for restarting the fast engine of management - Google Patents

Abstract

The system and method described in this application provide relatively fast engine restart. The system and method include: receiving an engine stop command from a vehicle, the engine stop command being configured to shut down the vehicle's engine; receiving position data from a bidirectional sensor, the position data indicating the position of a crankshaft wheel; determining a stop position of the crankshaft wheel based on the position data at the time the engine is shut down; determining a first variable cylinder of the engine to restart combustion based on the determined stop position of the crankshaft wheel; and receiving an engine restart command, the engine restart command being configured to restart the engine and initiate combustion in the first variable cylinder.

Description

Synchronize for restarting the fast engine of management

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

That application claims on March 31st, 2014 submits to, Application No. 61/972,585, invention entitled " it is used for restarting The fast engine of management synchronizes " the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application, entire contents is totally incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to restart internal combustion engine.More particularly it relates to storage engine stop position is so that starting The method and system that machine can quickly be restarted.

Background technology

Internal combustion engine chemically can input fuel such as (such as) gasoline, diesel oil, natural gass and produce mechanical energy.Due to fuel cost Having risen, consumer needs the electromotor that low fuel expends.Accordingly, because relative moderate fuel expend, hybrid power and Electronic vehicle gradually becomes to become more and more popular.But, hybrid power and electronic vehicle are not often not consumed person and think for difference Application there is necessary power (such as, semitractor trailer application).Therefore, traditional fuel powered engines still flows OK.But, combustion characteristics with just studied, determine and carries out required minimum of burning in various types of electromotors Fuel quantity.

The most any for carrying out the engine type burnt, electromotor all (must turn every point with enough speed Clock, " RPM ") run.For fuel injected engine, fuel also must be sprayed when piston is positioned at the position allowing to carry out burning Penetrate.In order to reach required speed, be coupled to electromotor flywheel start motor rotation or the bent axle of rotary engine and Camshaft.Which results in piston to activate in each bucket cylinder.In before upper dead canter, fuel injector injects fuel into vapour In cylinder, compress it to allow to move the piston up, and cause this ignited fuel (that is, compression ignition engine).In order to prevent The probability that combustion knock occurs, is determined the position of cylinder inner carrier, thus provides fuel on suitable opportunity.One There is appropriate burning in denier, starts motor and will drive piston from electromotor disengaging (disengages) and combustion process self To provide mechanical output.

Summary of the invention

One embodiment relates to a kind of engine system, and this engine system includes: crank wheel, and above-mentioned crank wheel has many Individual tooth；Bilateral transducer, above-mentioned bilateral transducer is configured to record the position data about above-mentioned crank wheel；And electromotor control Molding block.Above-mentioned engine control module is configured to: receive engine stop command, and this engine stop command is configured to close Electromotor；Receive the position data from above-mentioned bilateral transducer；Determine based on position data during above-mentioned tail-off The stop position of above-mentioned crank wheel；Store the stop position of the determination of above-mentioned crank wheel；Receive engine restarting order；And base There is provided order to restart electromotor in the stop position determined.

Another embodiment relates to a kind of equipment, and the said equipment is configured to promote relatively quickly to restart electromotor.This sets For including: engine stop module, above-mentioned engine stop module is configured to reception and ceases and desist order, and this offer of ceasing and desisting order is started Machine is changed into the instruction of closed mode；Engine location module, above-mentioned engine location module structure becomes to receive instruction electromotor The position data of position of bent axle, and position data when being in above-mentioned closed mode based on above-mentioned electromotor determines above-mentioned The stop position of bent axle；Engine restarting module, above-mentioned engine restarting module structure becomes to receive reset command, this reset command Above-mentioned electromotor is provided to be changed into the instruction of open mode from above-mentioned closed mode；And engine ignition module, above-mentioned start Machine ignition module is constructed to respond to above-mentioned reset command and promotes engine restarting to arrive above-mentioned open mode, the most above-mentioned starts Machine ignition module is configured to the stop position of determination based on above-mentioned bent axle and determines that the first variable cylinder is to proceed by burning. Advantageously, above-mentioned engine control module is configured to the tooth counting on crank wheel constantly, with " half period " of correction cam axle Eliminate be contained in tradition restart in system traditional index step.

Another embodiment relates to a kind of engine system, and above-mentioned engine system includes engine control module.This Motivation control module is configured to receive engine stop command, and this engine stop command is configured to: close electromotor；Receive From the position data of bilateral transducer；The stop position of crank wheel is determined based on above-mentioned position data；Store above-mentioned crank wheel The stop position determined；Receive engine restarting order；And based on the above-mentioned stop position determined and above-mentioned engine restarting Order provides order to start combustion incident in the cylinder of above-mentioned engine system.

Another embodiment relates to a kind of system.This system includes: electromotor, and above-mentioned electromotor has and is couple to crank wheel Bent axle so that above-mentioned bent axle and crank wheel synchronous rotary；Sensor, the sensor is configured to obtain about above-mentioned crank wheel The position data of position；And engine control module, above-mentioned engine control module is communicatively coupled to sensor, should Engine control module is configured to；Receiving engine stop command, this engine stop command is configured to close above-mentioned electromotor； Receive the position data from the sensor；Above-mentioned crank wheel is determined based on position data during above-mentioned tail-off Stop position；Receive the instruction of engine restarting；The stop position of determination based on above-mentioned crank wheel determines the first variable vapour Cylinder is to proceed by burning；And provide order to restart above-mentioned electromotor to start the burning in above-mentioned first variable cylinder.

Another embodiment relates to a kind of tangible, computer-readable recording medium of non-momentary, and above computer is readable Storage medium has machine instruction and is stored in wherein, above-mentioned instruction can be executed by processor so that this processor perform below Operation: receive engine stop command；Tooth based on counting crank wheel determines the stop position of crank wheel；Receive electromotor weight Open order；And based on a determination that stop position provide order to restart above-mentioned electromotor.

Another embodiment relates to a kind of method promoting relatively quick engine restarting.The method includes following step Rapid: receiving the engine stop command in vehicle by engine control module, this engine stop command is configured to pass and closes State the electromotor of vehicle；Indicated from bilateral transducer receiving position data, this position data by above-mentioned engine control module The position of crank wheel；Above-mentioned song is determined based on position data during above-mentioned tail-off by above-mentioned engine control module The stop position of axle wheel；Determine above-mentioned by the stop position of above-mentioned engine control module determination based on above-mentioned crank wheel First variable cylinder of electromotor is to restart burning；And receive engine restarting order by above-mentioned engine control module, This engine restarting order is configured to restart above-mentioned electromotor and starts to start the burning in above-mentioned first variable cylinder.

When taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, these and other features together with its mode of operation and combine in description in detail below It is more clearly understood from.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Figure 1A is the schematic diagram of the internal-combustion engine system of the vehicle according to an example embodiment.

Figure 1B is the schematic diagram of the engine location system according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the engine control module of each system of Figure 1A 1B according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the stop position of the crank wheel according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram compared with crank wheel position of the camshaft wheel position according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram as the function of bent axle gear position of the camshaft wheel position according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 6 is the signal as the function of engine stop position of the incendivity event location according to an example embodiment Figure.

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the method restarting internal combustion engine according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 8 is the figure of the electromotor of the method for the use Fig. 7 according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 9 is the piston cylinder constructions being communicatively coupled to engine control module according to an example embodiment Schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is that the skew of the engine stop position that the use according to an example embodiment determines is to restart electromotor Schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is deviant and the calibration in advance of the engine stop position that the use according to an example embodiment determines The schematic diagram of example that combines of top dead center position.

Detailed description of the invention

The each accompanying drawing of general reference, various embodiments disclosed herein relates to determining engine stop position so as to quickly Restart the method and system of electromotor.In order to improve the economy of fuel, the internal combustion engine of vehicle can cut out when extending and stopping, Igniting simultaneously is maintained at the position (that is, key is not forwarded to the position of " OFF " by operator) of " ON ".Such as, when vehicle wait red During lamp, brake pedal can be stepped on by the driver of vehicle, and then the time stepped on because of brake pedal is longer than predetermined time amount (example As, it is longer than 2 seconds etc.) and close electromotor.It is not by continuous print operation, periodically operates and save combustion by causing Material.But, in order to avoid extending before engine restarting stops preventing unnecessary delay, engine restarting needs relatively Quicker." more relatively fast " refers to electromotor and is being approximately less than or equal within 0.5 second, (being approximately operator by his/her The time that foot is removed from brake pedal and pedal of stepping on the throttle is spent) restart.System and method described herein is by really Fixed engine stop position the most accurately, determine the first variable combustion cylinder and in response to receiving engine restarting order to provide Burning in order deactivation cylinder, promotes relatively quick engine restarting.

As it has been described above, engine restarting is the function of engine location and engine speed.Start motor to be used for rotating Electromotor is to reach enough speed.When position is correct, (that is, piston is positioned at cylinder and the position on the direction that piston moves Put, such as just before top dead centre), fuel is injected to burn.If fuel (such as, existed in inappropriate time During induction stroke) injected, fuel may accumulate in cylinder, and this can stop burning and cause engine damage.Typically, Engine start needs engine crankshaft and camshaft to synchronize.After synchronization, engine monitor system can report engine speed And start the order that refuels/spray of process entrance cylinder.Therefore, engine start needs electromotor to carry out rotating (use Start motor), crank wheel index is detected (described herein), and feasible in the order that refuels/spray and Before sustainable burning occurs, detection based on camshaft index is corrected (described herein) to electromotor " half period ".

The present invention describe determine and store accurately engine stop position so as to by eliminate traditional index walk Suddenly carry out quickly to restart the system and method for electromotor.As here depicted, when electromotor just cuts out, electromotor tends to stopping Vibrate before the most mobile.According to the present invention, bilateral transducer is used to monitor the vibration of the crank wheel of down periods, to determine standard True stop position.The engine stop position determined is stored in the controller of vehicle (such as, engine control module). As operator based on a determination that stop position (pedal of such as, stepping on the throttle, release brake pedal etc. when starting engine restarting Deng), controller determines that the first variable combustion cylinder is to realize sustainable burning.

In certain embodiments, the controller of the present invention is the preheating setting time amount and/or first of OFF in response to electromotor At least one in the temperature of variable combustion cylinder or pressure change dynamically adjusts piston in the first variable combustion cylinder Position.During the prolongation time period closed, the pressure and temperature in cylinder tends to being reduced to environmental condition.As a result, burning can Oxygen reduce.Therefore, the controller of the present invention dynamically adjusts the piston lower dead center close to the first variable combustion cylinder, with There is provided the relatively large volume of extra oxygen molecule to be increased, to promote the burning in the first variable combustion cylinder.Control Device can quickly be restarted feature and uses this feature independent of aforementioned or quickly restart feature be applied in combination this feature with aforementioned. Advantageously, the controller utilizing this behavioral characteristics to enable to the present invention is easy in electromotor carry out sustainable burning, with Reduce undesired engine restarting condition there is a possibility that, such as pinking.These and other features can be carried out in this article The most complete description.

As used herein, term " engine location " refers to the position of the bent axle of internal combustion engine, and it can be by crank wheel Position instruction (such as, the crank wheel number of teeth).Because gear shaft is couple to bent axle, the rotation of bent axle is identical with the rotation of crank wheel. Bent axle is couple to camshaft also by such as conveyer belt, thus the position of bent axle also corresponds to the ad-hoc location of camshaft.Including In combustion engine, bent axle is couple to one or more piston, and one or more valves (such as, intake valve) of camshaft and electromotor Operationally cooperate.Therefore, engine location includes being based respectively on the position of bent axle and camshaft (multiple) piston and valve Various different positions.Such as, the position of crank wheel can indicate that the lower dead center of No. three steam-cylinder pistons, No. two steam-cylinder pistons upper Seat in the plane is started between lower dead center and the top dead centre of the piston of stop and No. one and No. four (four-banger) cylinder Put.This position also is able to indicate the position of each valve of each in four cylinders.Therefore, engine control module can be based on this Position controls the fuel injection/spark ignition of cylinder.Such as, when piston begins to ramp up top dead centre, electromotor controls mould Block can prepare ignition coil (for the spark of spark ignition engine) and/or the fuel injector of No. three cylinders.So, send out Motivation position includes bent axle based on crank wheel and the position of camshaft.

Referring now to Figure 1A 1B, show internal-combustion engine system 100 (Figure 1A) and the electromotor of vehicle according to each example embodiment Position system (Figure 1B).This vehicle can be road vehicle (on road) or highway (off road) vehicle, including but not Be limited to transport for long-distance truck, middle-grade car (pick-up truck), car, sport car, kart (compacts), motor type is multi-functional Car, and the vehicle of any other type quickly restarting management system of the present invention can be used.As it can be seen, internal combustion engine system System includes that battery 101, motor/generator 102, actuating device 103, accessory 104, electromotor 105 and electromotor control mould Block (ECM) 130.Communication between engine system 100 and each parts of engine location system 150 and in each parts can be led to Cross any number of wired or wireless connection.In one embodiment, controller zone network (CAN) bus provides at least at figure The exchange of signal, information and/or data between each parts shown in 1A 1B.Above-mentioned CAN includes any amount of wired And wireless connections.Such as, wired connection can include serial cable, fiber optic cables, CAT5 cable, or any other form have Line connects.By contrast, wireless connections can include the Internet, Wi Fi, honeycomb, radio etc..Because ECM 130 can communicate Be couple to each parts shown in Figure 1A 1B and each system, ECM 130 is able to receive that various data block and connects based on ECM 130 The one or more data blocks received activate one or more actuator (such as, makes fuel injector in special time injection combustion Material, etc.).

Battery 101 or energy storage device can have arbitrary disposition (such as, 12 voltaic elements, etc.).As it can be seen, battery 101 are electrically coupled to electrical system 106 and ECM 130.Battery 101 is configured to provide electricity to electrical system 106 and ECM 130 Energy.Electrical system 106 can include one or more transducer, inverter, relay, rosette and the like.Electrically system System 106 is configured to one or more parts in vehicle provides electric energy.As it can be seen, electrical system 106 contributes to power transmission To motor/generator 102.

Motor/generator 102 matches the bent axle with rolling motor to start electromotor 105 with electromotor 105.As Shown in figure, motor/generator 102 is the device that can operate under electric model and power generation mode.In electric model, electricity Motivation is powered by the electric current coming from battery 101, and generating time, electromotor produce can be stored by battery 101 future usage, Or be transmitted directly to parts electrically export electric current.During operation, at least one in electromotor 105 and motor 102 Directly or indirectly to one or more vehicle body fittings 104 (such as, oil pump, air compressor, cooling pump, power steering, skies Adjusting system, cooling fan, transmission fluid pump etc.) power is provided.As it can be seen, this power transports through one or more conveyer belt 107 are couple to accessory 104 and motor/generator 102.

In the example described, electromotor 105 is communicatively coupled to ECM 130.Electromotor 105 is additionally coupled to clutch 108 and torque converter or clutch 109.Torque converter or clutch 109 be used as electromotor 105 and driver 103 it Between middleware.Clutch 108 and clutch 109 can be any type of clutches.Same, electromotor 105 can be Arbitrary dimension (such as, four cylinders, six cylinders etc.) and type.Such as, electromotor 105 can be compression ignition engine or Person's spark ignition engine.So, electromotor 105 can be by any fuel type energy supply (such as, diesel oil, ethanol, gasoline etc.). Same, actuating device 103 can be configured to any type of actuating device, such as constantly variable transmission, manual transmission Device, automatic transmission, auto-manual actuating device, double clutch transmissions etc..Accordingly, because actuating device is from tooth Wheel is changing into continuous print configuration (such as, constantly variable transmission etc.), and actuating device can include various setting (gear drive The gear of device), various setting affects different output speeds based on engine speed.For simplicity, described herein Electromotor is about compression ignition engine.

As simplified summary, electromotor 105 receives chemical energy input (such as, fuel such as gasoline, diesel oil etc.) and fires Fuel burning produces mechanical energy with the form rotating bent axle.Actuating device 103 receives the bent axle (by clutch 109) rotated and grasps The speed of control bent axle affects the drive shaft speed needed for (affect).The drive shaft rotated is received by differential mechanism, this differential mechanism The rotational of drive shaft is supplied to final driver.Final driver (such as, wheel (wheel)) then promotes or locomotive ?.

During operation, the rotation of the bent axle of electromotor causes crank position wheel 120 (Figure 1B) to rotate with crankshaft-synchronous.Cause This, referring more particularly to Figure 1B, show engine location system 150 according to an embodiment.Engine location system 150 is wrapped Include the sensor being shown as bilateral transducer 110, and be shown as the rotary engine location phonic wheel of crank wheel 120.Sensor 110 can lead to It is couple to ECM 130 letter.Crank wheel 120 is couple to bent axle, and this bent axle is connected to one or more connecting rod, said one or Multiple connecting rods are connected to one or more pistons of electromotor 105.Therefore, as the crankshaft rotates, crank wheel 120 is same with bent axle Step rotates.Rotate location phonic wheel and can include that blade, otch, projection maybe produce output when wheel rotates from sensor 110 The device of any other type of signal.

As it can be seen, crank wheel 120 is configured to include the gear of multiple tooth 122.In other embodiments a certain, crank wheel 120 can be with so that any mode that the position of bent axle can be monitored constructs.Shown in the application and describe example In, crank wheel 120 is configured to 60 2 teeth (having 2 tooth disappearances to provide 60 teeth of indexing section).The tooth conduct of these 2 disappearances The index of crank wheel 120.In conventional systems, engine position sensor first must be seen before bent axle and camshaft synchronize Survey/These parameters position, location, can carry out burning and restarting electromotor.Although system and method described herein is to close In the configuration of crank wheel 120 as shown in Figure 1B, same or similar system and method can use has all shapes Crank wheel (such as, 12 2 (having 2 12 teeth lacked), 32 2 etc.).Advantageously, the system and method for the present invention can be so that moving Except the index location in crank wheel, thus reduce for creating the manufacture equipment of index location and referring to for identifying in use The needs of the expensive instrument of cursor position.

According to the present invention, sensor is configured to bilateral transducer 110, and above-mentioned bilateral transducer 110 obtains about crank wheel The position data of the position of 120.This bilateral transducer 110 monitors crank wheel in two rotation directions (that is, forward and reverse) The position of 120 (i.e. rotating phonic wheel 120).In certain embodiments, can also to monitor the speed of crank wheel 120 (right for sensor 110 Every point (" RPM ") should be turned) in engine speed.Sensor 110 can be assembled on main crankshaft pulley, on flywheel, bent axle from With, etc..In other embodiments, sensor 110 can monitor at sensor 110 and detect the position of crank wheel 120 On the optional position put.Bilateral transducer 110 can be configured to hall effect sensor (hall effect sensor), flexing Type sensor (such as, optical fiber, polymer base etc.), or any other kinds of bilateral transducer.As hall effect sensor, Sensor 110 can receive the supply voltage from battery 101, such that it is able to produce constant voltage.Defeated from sensor 110 Go out voltage (that is, signal, such as square wave) to be then based on the position of crank wheel 120 (that is, whether the tooth of crank wheel 120 enters sensing The magnetic field of device 110) and change.During operation, sensor 110 obtains the position data of the position about crank wheel 120, And position data is sent to ECM 130 (such as, engine location module 135).In some engine systems, camshaft position Put sensor 210 (seeing Fig. 4) and the position of camshaft can also be used to determine.In this case, ECM 130 can also receive Camshaft-signal sensor position data 212 from camshaft-signal sensor 210.It is based partially on position data, the ECM 130 of the present invention Compared to being easy to for legacy system relatively faster restart.

Each parts of Figure 1A 1B are shown as in vehicle enforcement, and ECM 130 can also include other control units in vehicle Or integrated with other control units in vehicle (such as, being communicably coupled).Such as, ECM 130 can include but not limit In exhaust aftertreatment control unit, powertrain control module and any other electronic control modules.Additionally, these unit can To implement in the controller of vehicle.The function of ECM 130 and structure more completely will be carried out about Fig. 2 (with reference to Figure 1A 1B) Explain.

Therefore, referring now to Fig. 2, function and the structure of ECM 130 are shown according to an embodiment.ECM 130 is shown as bag Including process circuit 131, above-mentioned process circuit 131 includes processor 132 and memorizer 133.Processor 132 may be embodied as general Processor, special IC (ASIC), one or more field programmable gate array (FPGA), digital signal processor (DSP), one group of processing component, or other suitable electronic processing components.One or more storage device 133 (such as, RAM, ROM, flash memory, hard-disc storage etc.) data and/or computer code can be stored, in order to carry out various place described herein Reason process.Therefore, one or more storage devices 133 can be communicatively connected to processor 132 and provide to processor 132 Computer code or instruction, for performing the process that the application describes about ECM 130.Additionally, one or more storage devices 133 can be or include volatile memory tangible, non-transient or nonvolatile memory.Therefore, one or more deposit Storage device 133 can include database element, object code parts, script parts or described herein various for supporting The message structure of movable any other type with message structure.

Memorizer 133 is shown as the various modules included for completing each activity described herein.More specifically, memorizer 133 include being configured to storing accurately or the most accurately engine stop position can quickly restart each mould of electromotor Block.Although Fig. 2 shows the various modules with specific function, but it is to be understood that, ECM 130 and memorizer 133 are permissible Including any number of module for completing each function described herein.Such as, the activity of multiple modules can combine Become individual module, can be contained in wherein as the additional modules with additional functionality, etc..However, it should be understood that ECM 130 can also control other movable vehicles outside the application scope.

Some operation of ECM 130 described herein includes the operation explaining and/or determining one or more parameter.This The explanation that used of application or determine and include receiving each value, including at least receiving from number by any method known in the art According to link or each value of network service, electronic signal (such as, voltage, frequency, electric current or the PWM letter of the reception above-mentioned value of instruction Number), receive indicate the computer of above-mentioned value to produce parameter, read from storing position on non-transient computer-readable recording medium The value put, received the value as operation time parameters by any mode known in the art, and/or receive the parameter explained can With according to its calculated value, and/or by referring to being interpreted the default value of this parameter value.

As in figure 2 it is shown, ECM 130 includes engine stop module 134, engine location module 135, engine restarting mould Block 136, electromotor adjusting module 137, communication module 138 and engine ignition module 139.As shown in Fig. 12, ECM 130 structure Cause the multiple inputs of reception (such as, data, signal etc.), and the various parts being communicatively coupled in system 100, such as The electromotor 105 of Fig. 2.ECM 130 be shown as reception data 160, data 160 be shown as include operator switch, car speed, braking Pedal position, gear selector position, other information of vehicles, air pressure.These values can be from placed close to each parts Individual or multiple sensors receive.As in figure 2 it is shown, ECM 130 is also configured to receive reset command 163, position data 161 and stop Order 162.

Communication module 138 is configured to facilitate and communicates with vehicle operator.Therefore, communication module 138 can communicate Be couple to one or more input/output devices (such as, touch screen etc.) of including together with vehicle.Additionally, communication module 138 One or more lamp 111 (Figure 1A) can also be communicatively coupled to.Above-mentioned lamp 111 can provide notice to the operator of vehicle (such as, checking engine light, emergency warning lamp etc.).

Engine stop module 134 is configured to receive 162 (such as, data, the signals etc.) of ceasing and desisting order of electromotor 105. 162 offers of ceasing and desisting order stop the instruction of electromotor, and (such as, stopping is mobile, forward OFF shelves to, close, be converted to closed mode Deng), the key of vehicle is maintained at " ON " position simultaneously.Therefore, cease and desist order and 162 include but not limited to brake pedal, actuating " tail-off " button etc..At OFF state, spark (for petrol engine) and fuel make up are prohibited from for electromotor 's.But, electrical system 106 remains on.

Engine location module 135 is configured to receiving position data 161.Engine location module 135 be also configured to based on Position data determines engine location.This determine " half period " also including correcting electromotor so that camshaft and bent axle with Step, as described below.Position data 161 indicates the position (such as, the crank wheel 120 of Figure 1B) of bent axle.According to the present invention, positional number Obtain according to 161 by bilateral transducer 110 and be sent to ECM 130.With reference to Figure 1B and Fig. 36 and as it has been described above, position Data are detected by bilateral transducer 110, and corresponding to the position (such as, the number of teeth) of crank wheel 120.Due to bilateral transducer 110 can obtain forward and the ability of reverse data that instruction rotates, and bilateral transducer 110 can detect tail-off quilt Start rear to change.In other words, during vehicle operating, crank wheel 120 turns clockwise, and this is corresponding to vehicle just To movement (rotating counterclockwise corresponding to the most mobile).When electromotor stops, electromotor (piston/bent axle) is forwardly and rearwardly Rotate.Traditionally, this reverse rotation is undetected.Therefore, when re-launched, traditional sensors first positions bent axle trigger wheel On index location (that is, 2 backlash), start counting up the bent axle gear teeth, and by the crank wheel number of teeth calculated and default camshaft Tooth number matches (that is, traditional synchronization).Once engine location be identified, fuel be injected into cylinder top dead centre close to Start at burning.As it has been described above, this traditional synchronization process is time-consuming and substantially prevent quickly restarting of electromotor.

As it has been described above, bilateral transducer 110 can be configured to hall effect sensor.Therefore, often next tooth passes biography Sensor, this sensor is detected by leading edge and magnetic field is sensed.The electric charge of sensing is converted into " ON " by sensor 110 to be believed Number.During gap between tooth, magnetic field disappears (not sensing), and sensor 110 converts thereof into " OFF " signal." ON " and " OFF " signal is provided to ECM 130 (that is, position data 161).In order to determine that electromotor rotates the most in backward direction, Engine location module 135 determines that sensed field is to accelerate (forward) or (reversely) slowed down.Such as, engine location Module 135 (or the bilateral transducer 110 in some embodiments) is based on the direction monitoring magnetic field intensity rotated and/or persistent period Change.Because engine speed ratio in backward direction is the lowest, bilateral transducer 110 provides than instruction The most longer instruction signal duration reversely rotating direction rotates forward the signal in direction.Real in the example shown in each figure Executing in example, the rotation (that is, clockwise) of direction is corresponding with pulse width signals based on 47 gsec, and reversely side To rotation (that is, counterclockwise) corresponding with pulse width signals based on 94 gsec.Pulse length is based on diesel oil pressure Point reduction fire six, its direction has about 9,000RPM high engine speed, and inverse direction about 4, 500RPM.Other electromotors may operate in different speed, so that with different pulse width signals (when such as, continuing Between) to indicate forwards/reverse direction.In this, engine location module 135 uses time-based position data to determine The accurate location of crank wheel 120.

In other example embodiment, sensor 110 monitors the gear tooth profile of crank wheel 120 to determine the change of direction of rotation Change.Such as, the tooth of crank wheel 120 can be at an angle of on side, thus sensor 110 is based on angled gear tooth profile or phase More flat profile is detected, produces different signals (such as, voltage).All such modification all falls within the essence of the present invention In god and scope.

In operation, due to balanced engine, crank wheel 120 will stop moving at repeatably position (that is, stop position) Dynamic.Each turn of crank wheel 120, has three stop positions at six, and four-banger has two Stop position.With reference to Fig. 3, show the stop position of crank wheel 120 according to an example embodiment.With reference to Fig. 4, according to one Example embodiment shows the position of camshaft wheel compared to crank wheel position.Because camshaft wheel 200 is with the speed of crank wheel 120 The half of degree rotates, and camshaft wheel 200 is often revolved and gone around, and crank wheel 120 rotates two turns.As a example by 60 2 crank wheels 120, First turn counts (first " half period " of camshaft 200) corresponding to the tooth of 0 59.Second turn corresponding to 60 119 tooth meter Number (second " half period " of camshaft 200).According to this example, each tooth is corresponding to six degree of (therefore, crank wheels 120 One turn of 60 teeth is equal to 360 degree (360 °)).Therefore, when crank wheel 120 rotates two turns and camshaft 200 rotation is gone around, All cylinders of electromotor will light (that is, experience combustion incident).

But, as shown in the most more preferably, the tooth pattern of camshaft wheel 200 be different from bent axle each turn is (that is, convex Each half period of wheel shaft wheel 200).This difference indicate engine location module 135 be corrected so that camshaft and The electromotor half period of crankshaft-synchronous.As an example, based at first turn or running into the number of teeth 40, bent axle at second turn The number of teeth 40 of wheel 120 is transferred corresponding with different camshaft locations from different crank positions.In first turn, crank wheel Tooth 40 is between the camshaft gear teeth one and two.Comparatively speaking, in second turn, tooth 40 is corresponding with tooth 100, this Between the camshaft gear teeth four and five.(that is, the first half period or the second half cycle is determined discounting for the difference on this position Phase), fuel can be injected in the one or more cylinders not requiring fuel, and this can cause fuel accumulation and potential electromotor Damage.So, before fuel is injected, the position of bent axle must be Tong Bu with the position of camshaft.Engine location module 135 It is configured to count the tooth on crank wheel 120, to determine that crank wheel is at first turn or (that is, to make bent axle and cam at second turn Axle synchronizes, and corrects the half period of electromotor).Therefore, engine location module 135 is configured in the down periods by continuously The tooth of counting crank wheel 120 corrects " half period " of electromotor, thus constantly determine camshaft be first turn or On second turn.

Therefore, by bilateral transducer 110, engine location module 135 considers the vibration of electromotor, with at the beginning of need not Engine location accurately is determined in the case of beginning index.When electromotor runs, bilateral transducer 110 keeping count crank wheel The tooth of 120.This counting is continued for when electromotor stops.In the period of tail-off, upon two-way biography Sensor 110 senses different directions (that is, different pulse width signals is provided to ECM 130), engine location module 135 determine initial stop position and start counting up the tooth of crank wheel 120.Initial stop position is close to before changing corresponding to direction The number of teeth of crank wheel 120.Then tooth counting is relevant to this initial stop position number of teeth.Carrying out tooth counting by ECM 130 is Quantity based on the unlike signal received by ECM 130 (that is, forward and inverse direction signal).It is sensed when there is no tooth Time, engine location module 135 determines the accurate stop position of crank wheel 120.

Engine restarting module 136 is configured to receive reset command 163.Asking of electromotor is restarted in reset command 163 instruction Ask.Therefore, reset command 163 can include but not limited to step on the throttle, press the button or switch, voice command, release braking Pedal etc..

Engine ignition module 139 is configured to facilitate and carries out engine restarting and (that is, make electromotor be converted to from OFF state ON state).Therefore, above-mentioned engine ignition module 139 be configured to provide one or more order to above-mentioned electromotor 105 and with The ignition system that this electromotor 105 is associated is to restart this electromotor.Mentioned order can include but be limited to fuel injection amount and Time (such as which cylinder) order, spark order (for spark ignition engine), the actuating of intake air release valve, motor/ The actuating of electromotor 102 is with turning crankshaft etc..

Really positioning in response to bent axle and put, engine ignition module 139 is configured to determine initial cylinder, and (that is, first is variable Combustion cylinder) to start burning, thus start engine restarting.Fig. 6 be according to an example embodiment as bent axle position of wheel The engine stop position of the function put and the schematic diagram of incendivity event location.Fig. 6 describes according to an example embodiment Electromotor light order.It should be appreciated that other electromotors can have different ignition orders, and described herein System and method stands good in these electromotors.In the example in fig .6, incendivity event location is designated as " CTDC " (top dead centre The compression at place).As it has been described above, each example described herein relates to compression ignition engine, thus burning is sent out at high pressure spot Raw (that is, being located on or near top dead centre).Numeral (such as, CTDC#5) after " CTDC " refers to specific cylinder (such as, No. five vapour Cylinder).In the case of each tooth corresponds to 6 degree, the distance between two stop positions is 120 degree and (that is, stops 1/1 counting at tooth 0, stop 2/1 and about calculate several 20 at tooth；20 teeth are poor × and 6 degree/tooth is equal to 120 degree).Distance between two top dead center positions is also Equal to 120 degree.Therefore, in the example in fig .6, the distance between stop position and incendivity event location is about 60 degree of (examples As, stop #1/1 to CTDC#1).It addition, each stroke of cylinder inner carrier is 180 degree (that is, from lower dead center to top dead centre). In order to start burning, electromotor is needed to have enough speed and fuel the most injected.Engine ignition module 139 be configured to based on a determination that engine stop position determine the first variable combustion cylinder.First variable combustion cylinder is energy Enough meet the cylinder of the demand (such as, engine speed, pressure, temperature etc.) of sustainable burning.

As an example also with reference to Fig. 6, it is assumed that electromotor is closed, and bilateral transducer 110 is in the forward direction It count down to the number of teeth five of six cylinder compression ignition electromotors.After reaching the number of teeth five, it is micro-that bilateral transducer 110 measures 94 The pulse width of second, this instruction crank wheel 120 has inverted direction.Therefore, the number of teeth five is that anchor station (i.e., initially stops Position), increase tooth from this anchor station or deduct tooth.As it has been described above, this anchor station is based on direction during tail-off There are (realization) (that is, different pulse width signals) in the first time of upper change.When electromotor continues to stop, Then bilateral transducer 110 records signals below: microsecond " OFF " 47 is micro-for 94 microseconds " OFF " (inter-lobe clearance) 94 Second " OFF " 94 microsecond 47 microsecond " OFF " 47 microsecond " OFF " 47 microsecond " OFF ".In general, two-way Sensor 110 have recorded four 47 microsecond pulse width and three 94 microsecond pulse width.ECM 130 adds a tooth (forward side Four teeth upwards deduct three teeth in inverse direction) to anchor station, to obtain the determination stopping position of the crank wheel 120 of the number of teeth six Put.As shown in Figure 6, lighting order for this electromotor, the incendivity event location the earliest restarted would is that a cylinder (that is, CTDC#1).CTDC#1 is about in the crank wheel number of teeth 11, and the engine stop position determined is in the number of teeth six.Accordingly, one Piston in number cylinder is 150 degree of (that is, the 180 ° pistons at top dead centre) (tooth 11 tooth 6) * 6 °/tooth=150 °).Therefore, Burning in a number cylinder occurs needing 30 degree of strokes based on piston.Therefore, engine ignition module 139 determines that first can Becoming cylinder position is No. five cylinders.

In order to determine the first variable combustion cylinder, engine ignition module 139 can utilize various presetting standard.? In one embodiment, presetting standard corresponds to minimum piston stroke (such as, 55 degree).In the above example, 30 degree Less than described minima (for cylinder one), so the first variable combustion cylinder is in the presetting burning for electromotor The next combustion cylinder run in sequentially (i.e. lighting order): No. five cylinders.But, in the above example, if it is determined that Stop position is tooth one (piston strokes corresponding to 60 degree), then the first variable cylinder will pass through engine ignition module 139 are defined as a cylinder.In another embodiment, presetting standard is to skip cylinder agreement.Such as, if when occurring The next cylinder that can experience incendivity event during tail-off is cylinder three (seeing Fig. 6), then the first variable cylinder is Cylinder six (such as, cylinder three is skipped).In another embodiment, presetting standard is based on relative to determining stop position The determination stop position of the cylinder specified.Such as, the appointment cylinder of the number of teeth one to ten five is cylinder five, and the number of teeth ten five to three ten Five is cylinder three (seeing Fig. 6).So it is easy to understand that many different standards can be intended to fall into the essence of the application In god and scope, all such modification is used together.In another embodiment, as described below, the first variable cylinder is according to module The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of 137 is modified.

In operation, engine stop module 134, engine location module 135, engine restarting module 136 and start Machine ignition module 139 is easy to relatively faster restart electromotor relative to legacy system.By using bilateral transducer to determine standard True engine stop position, then determining the first variable cylinder relative to the stop position determined, the ECM 130 of the present invention can To eliminate index steps and to make it possible to carry out quickly engine restarting, this index steps is traditionally needed to determine song The position of axle.

For the performance of reinforcing module 134,135,136 and 139, in certain embodiments, electromotor adjusting module 137 quilt It is included in ECM 130.Electromotor adjusting module 137 is configured to or many in one or more cylinders of adjustment electromotor The position of individual piston.According to an embodiment, the piston of adjustment is the piston of the first variable combustion cylinder.See from this point on, send out Motivation adjusting module 139 provides the dynamic control when electromotor is in OFF state to electromotor, in order to relatively quick Motivation is restarted.In one embodiment, the operation of electromotor adjusting module 139 based on distance electromotor be transferred to OFF (that is, when When electromotor is OFF) time the passage of predefined time quantum and the first variable combustion cylinder in temperature and pressure at least One decreases beyond in predefined acceptable amount (being transferred to initial temperature during OFF and pressure relative to electromotor) at least One generation.About time-based configuration, electromotor adjusting module 137 is configured to rotate bent axle to be revolved by piston over time Turn near lower dead center.Rotation amount can be based on predefined time quantum.Such as, every ten seconds electromotors become OFF, and electromotor is adjusted Mould preparation block 137 rotary-piston ten degree (10 °) is near lower dead center.This rotation can continue until piston and arrive lower dead center.At some In embodiment, piston can before lower dead center at octave or another is stopped less than digital place of predefined rotation amount, from And this is rotated in after predefined time quantum and directly arrives lower dead center.Certainly, this rotation amount and predefined time quantum are The parameter of alterable height, it can be adjusted by manufacturer, user, vehicle operators etc. or be pre-set.

As it appears from the above, in another embodiment, above-mentioned adjustment can be based in the pressure and temperature of detection in cylinder At least one.In this configuration, electromotor adjusting module 137 is communicatively coupled to be placed on each vapour of electromotor 105 The temperature and pressure sensor of each cylinder placement on cylinder or near electromotor 105.Said temperature and pressure transducer structure Cause to obtain and indicate the temperature and pressure data of temperature and pressure in each cylinder.In operation, when or stop close to electromotor When only module 134 receives and ceases and desist order 162, electromotor adjusting module 137 receives temperature and pressure data.These data represent often Initial temperature in one cylinder and pressure.When electromotor is OFF, electromotor adjusting module 137 continue to above-mentioned pressure and Temperature data.If at least one instruction in pressure and temperature data varies more than predefined amount, (such as, pressure reduces hundred / X), then electromotor adjusting module 137 adjusts piston position predefined amount.This adjustment amount can be based on the pressure of detection And/or temperature carries out predefining or arranging.Such as, the pressure of X air can correspond to be positioned at more than lower dead center ten two (12) degree The piston position at place, and X 5 air ground pressure can correspond to be positioned at the piston position that more than lower dead center six (6) is spent.Therefore, pressure The reduction of power (and temperature, according to perfect gas law) corresponding to electromotor adjusting module 137 rotary-piston near lower dead center.As Time-based configuration, final position of rotation corresponds to bottom dead center position.

In operation, when the engine is shut down, due to the isolation of engine interior, pressure (and temperature) court in cylinder Environmental condition to reduce.This is relevant with the reduction of the available oxygen carrying out burning when ordering and restart.So, electromotor adjusts Module 137 is configured to during order rotate (multiple) piston near lower dead center to increase the volume in cylinder, thus increases oxygen Suction volume is so that burning.

According to another embodiment, above-mentioned adjustment based on detecting in cylinder, estimation or the oxygen concentration of prediction or At least one in oxygen content.Such as, when exhaust gas recirculation rate is the highest and remains that to stay gas to have the lowest or relatively During low oxygen concentration, electromotor can cut out.In the present embodiment, electromotor adjusting module 137 can use (the example of detection As, by close to the oxygen sensor of the inlet manifold of electromotor), determine, in prediction, estimation amount of oxygen etc. extremely Lack feature in a cylinder considering to change operation based on tail gas recirculation system.Seeing from this point on, electromotor adjusts mould Block 137 can for close time high exhaust gas recirculation rate and for close time low exhaust gas recirculation rate piston is carried out difference Adjust.For high exhaust gas recirculation rate, electromotor adjusting module 137 can cause than low exhaust gas recirculation rate quickly by piston Adjust near lower dead center.This be due to high exhaust gas recirculation flow rate during of a relatively high tail gas amount, it instead of originally Oxygen for combustion.Therefore, during high exhaust gas recirculation flow rate close after, require more oxygen with promote for The sustainable burning of engine restarting.Certainly, accurate adjustment amount and time are (such as, compared to for low exhaust gas recirculation flow Dynamic rate is adjacent to lower dead center 5 degree in the most every 2 seconds, for high exhaust gas recirculation flow rate the most every 1.5 seconds Clock is adjacent to lower dead center 10 degree, etc.) and the boundary of exhaust gas flow rate high and low, normal be alterable height, thus wider model The probability enclosed is intended to fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.It addition, this extra characteristic (amount of oxygen or concentration) can be made Basis for adjusting uses independent of temperature and pressure, or is used in combination with temperature and pressure.

In another embodiment, above-mentioned adjustment can be based at least in the temperature and pressure in the first variable cylinder Individual measurable function.When above-mentioned anticipation function can use various input such as ambient temperature, fuel pressure, fuel injection Between, the function of time that has been closed as electromotor such as engine speed.Above-mentioned anticipation function can set up first In the cylinder of variable cylinder, temperature and pressure is how to estimate decline or the model reduced.So, above-mentioned anticipation function can make With one or more formula, algorithm, look-up table, program, model etc..It is more than predefined amount in response to failing or reducing, above-mentioned Motivation adjusting module 137 can adjust above-mentioned piston position closer to lower dead center.

In another embodiment, above-mentioned adjustment can one or more fuel attributes based on electromotor.This characteristic can It is used together with the data with the amount of oxygen or concentration, temperature and/or pressure indicating the first variable cylinder or is used alone.Combustion Material attribute can include but not limited to (such as, summer, winter, the autumn in season that fuel type, fuel feed region, fuel are supplied Season, spring) and about any other characteristic of fuel self.Using fuel attribute, above-mentioned electromotor adjusting module 137 is examined Consider the many attributes of fuel self for electromotor can change (such as, the characteristic of ethanol can be seasonal and regionally change, Diesel fuel additive can seasonally change etc.).Therefore, electromotor adjusting module 137 can be based on crossing time, estimation Or the vapour cylinder temperature of prediction or pressure, the decay of oxygen content and similar fuel attribute based on fuel determine For the demand of burning after closedown.Such as, fuel attribute based on fuel (and other possible cylinder internal characteristics), fuel A The most higher amount of oxygen may be needed than fuel B.Therefore, if electromotor uses fuel A, then electromotor adjusting module 137 relatively faster adjust the piston in the first variable cylinder near lower dead center than the electromotor using fuel B after shutdown. Advantageously, use these data to represent electromotor adjusting module 137 and further improve and strengthen, in order to compare legacy system Comparatively quickly restart electromotor.

A simplified example about the operation of other modules of ECM 130 can be described below.When electromotor is transferred to During OFF, engine location module 135 determines accurately or the most accurately position of crank wheel.Based on this position, electromotor Ignition module 139 determines that the first variable cylinder is to position.But, when this electromotor keeps OFF to exceed presetting now The area of a room.This already leads to the pressure and temperature in the first variable combustion cylinder and is adjusted near environmental condition.As a result, electromotor Adjusting module 137 adjusts the piston in the first variable combustion cylinder near lower dead center, in order to increases and enters oxygen and carry out this For the sustainable burning of engine restarting in cylinder.Therefore, when receiving reset command 163, electromotor adjusting module 137 There is provided ignition order to the first variable cylinder, this first variable cylinder have be dynamically adjusted to be convenient for sustainable The piston of burning.As a result, relative to legacy system, the present invention not only provides engine restarting faster, and dynamically Consider the condition change being in the electromotor of OFF because of electromotor.Accordingly, the present invention is not sacrifice sustainability (no Then because of the such as pinking of undesirable condition, burning may be had adverse effect on) in the case of can relatively more rapidly weigh Inspire motivation.It addition, as shown in examples detailed above, the piston adjusted in the first variable combustion cylinder eliminates traditional index steps Demand.Method 700 about Fig. 7 is carried out detailed explanation by these aspects and feature.

Therefore, referring now to Fig. 7, in conjunction with Fig. 16, show according to an example embodiment and provide fast to the electromotor stopped The method 700 that speed is restarted.As described herein, method 700 is implemented with ECM 130.Therefore, method 700 can be by ECM 130 One or more processors perform.Additionally, method 700 can be implemented with the one or more modules shown in Fig. 2.

Method 700 receives stopping engine commands (701) by ECM 130 (such as, engine stop module 134) and opens Begin.As it has been described above, stop engine commands including that ignition key closes any order of electromotor when being maintained at " ON " position.Example As, cease and desist order and can include brake pedal or activate " tail-off " button.In either event, the starting of vehicle Office closes, but ignition key position still keeps " ON ".Therefore, the power from battery 101 still can be provided.Therefore, at ECM 130 receive stopping engine commands after, ECM 130 (such as, engine stop module 134) close vehicle electromotor (or, Activate one or more closing organ to close electromotor).

In a step 702, ECM 130 receives engine location data, and in step 703, ECM 130 is based on above-mentioned Position data determines engine stop position.As it has been described above, above-mentioned position data is sensed by bilateral transducer 110, and correspond to The position (such as, the number of teeth) of crank wheel 120.Once after tail-off is activated, sensor 110 senses the change in direction, The direction of rotation of the most above-mentioned position data crank wheel 120 based on sensing.As it has been described above, in the down periods, bilateral transducer 110 when sensing different direction (that is, different pulse width signals are provided to ECM 130), engine location module 135 Determine initial stop position and start counting up the tooth of crank wheel 120.The song that initial stop position is close to before changing corresponding to direction Axle takes turns 120 numbers of teeth.Tooth counting is then relevant to this initial stop position number of teeth.Being counted by the tooth of ECM 130 is based on ECM The quantity (that is, forward and reverse signal) of 130 unlike signals received.Therefore, based on different signals, finally determine stops It is the tooth based on adding from initial anchor station or deduct that stop bit is put.This engine stop position determined is stored in ECM 130 In for restarting process be activated time.

Walk around step 705 706, in step 704, for burning the first variable cylinder based on a determination that electromotor stop Stop bit is put and is determined.As it has been described above, in order to carry out sustainable burning, need suitable speed and condition (such as, temperature, pressure Power, fuel quantity, when appropriate between injection fuel quantity).Therefore, as described above for described in engine ignition module 139, first is variable Combustion cylinder can determine according to one or more predefined standards.Such as, predefined standard can be lived based on minimum Plug stroke, based on skip when electromotor is not deactivated can be next combustion cylinder cylinder based on a determination that the number of teeth predetermined Justice relation (such as, the number of teeth determined is corresponding with specific combustion cylinder), etc..This list is not meant to detailed, other marks Preference that standard, criterion, user provide etc. may also be used for determining for carrying out the first variable cylinder burnt, with when order weight Burning is started when opening.

Determined by the first variable cylinder position be stored (such as, in the memorizer of ECM 130).Therefore, in step In 707 708, when order engine restarting and when providing order to restart electromotor, mentioned order is provided to be easy to Determined by the first variable cylinder burns.As it has been described above, above-mentioned reset command include but not limited to discharge brake pedal, Step on the throttle etc..In certain embodiments, above-mentioned reset command also includes shifting gears (such as, changing to first grade from middle-grade).Change Sentence is talked about, and above-mentioned reset command starts the operation (ignition key is in the open position) of electromotor from engine off position.Still As it has been described above, the order restarting electromotor can include when being not limited to actuated fuel injectors, activating ignition coil, activated start Motor, activate intake valve and for starting in electromotor any other order of burning.

According to an embodiment, figure 8 illustrates the result of method 700 and quickly restart.Fig. 8 shows that applicant obtains By the quick restarting process of the present invention with tradition restarting process compared with data.Tradition restarting process is by numeral labelling 310 The line group of instruction shows.Restarting process described and disclosed herein is shown by line 300.As it can be seen, each process includes stopping Stay the phase (retention 320 of the restarting process of the present invention, and the retention 330 of tradition restarting process).Retention is not fire Burn generation still engine rotation and prepare the period of fuel injection.From retention, the transformation to the most vertical line represents Burning starts the place occurred.Start motor in retention, be responsible for the RPM of electromotor.In this example, electromotor is entering Rotate with about 100RPM before row burning.As it can be seen, compared to traditional restarting process, for the process of the application Retention 320 is relatively smaller.This at least contributes to system and method described herein compared to tradition on partial extent System has restarting process relatively faster.Technically, this represents the essential improvement for legacy system.Specifically, at this In example, retention 320 was corresponding to 0.15 second, and retention 330 corresponds approximately to 0.3 second.Therefore, the process of the present invention is relative At least there is the improvement of 0.15 second in conventional procedure.

In order to reduce retention and make burning to occur the soonest, referring back to method 700, in step 705 In, engine stop position can be changed.This respect is carried out on the application about above-mentioned electromotor adjusting module 137 Describe.In order to further aid explaination, Fig. 9 shows the piston cylinder combination 400 of the ECM 130 being couple to electromotor.? In Fig. 9, piston 420 is positioned at the lower dead center in cylinder 410.During compression stroke (when piston 420 moves towards top dead centre, fuel Ejector 440 is positioned at this top dead centre), one or more valves 430 ((multiple) intake valve or (multiple) air bleeding valve) are the most incomplete Close.Therefore, gas content can be occurred in cylinder 410 to discharge.When leaving certain of lower dead center, piston 420 is towards top dead centre During rising, valve 430 completely closes.Therefore, the gas volume for carrying out burning is less than maximum in-cylinder volume.Retention 320 (figure 8) include in discharging cylinder, be not used in the time that the composition (contents) of combustion incident is spent.

In order to realize or substantially realize same or similar burning at top dead centre, initially a closed volume is (when valve is complete During closedown), initial cylinder pressure, intended internal pressure effusion rate (such as, by one or more valves 430), the reality of piston Border stop position, environmental condition (such as, ambient temperature and pressure), and similar (being referred to as inside and outside cylinder characteristic) it Between use balance.In order to carry out this balance, ECM 130 (such as, by electromotor adjusting module 139) can use adiabatic and Perfect gas law.Decompression (bleed down) of bleeding refers to that the pressure and temperature in cylinder is converted to ambient temperature and pressure. Such as, cylinder internal and outside bigger pressure differential can be corresponding with decompression rate faster (bleed down rate), this with The situation of less pressure differential is contrary.Each in these factors can affect the gas pressure in cylinder, the wherein forfeiture of pressure Corresponding to being relatively easier to the motion of scope in piston experienced by cylinder in cylinder, the increase of pressure corresponding in cylinder relatively the most more The motion of difficult scope.So, due to effusion and the pressure and temperature of inner/outer, piston can move (that is, deviation in cylinder The stop position determined, step 705).

ECM 130 can to sealing station, (that is, each valve completely closes and escapes by adjusting the stop position of piston Little position) this movement is taken into account, quickly restart to increase and can carry out burning (step 705).Therefore, ECM 130 can provide order to change the stop condition determined based at least one in inside and outside cylinder characteristic.Close Envelope position, because each valve is closed and escapes minimum, piston is towards gas in the mobile compression cylinder of top dead centre rather than incites somebody to action It is discharged.Stop position adjusts and various control bar can be used to complete, the turbocharger control valve of such as geometry-variable, Intake-air throttle valve is with variable valve actuation device.Such as, the perforate increasing air control shutter can allow more air to enter cylinder 410 thus change stop position.The inner cylinder pressure measured by such as pressure transducer can by ECM 130 use with Direct control operation bar, adjusts stop position.Changing after stop position, when receive reset command (step 707) and When ECM 130 provides engine restarting order (step 708), retention is because eliminating compression from (multiple) valve 430 being not turned off In time of being spent of the gas that leaves and be reduced.So, piston 420 only compresses for or is mostly used in combustion process Gas.

As an example, it is assumed that receive engine stop command (step 701) and electromotor is closed.So And, engine restarting order (step 707) is not received in extending the time period (such as, 20 seconds).Based on outer cylinder Characteristic and/or each valve are not fully closed, and cylinder charge content has begun to be converted to ambient pressure and temperature.But, The engine stop position (step 703) determined is located on or near the sealing station (step 704) of the first variable combustion cylinder, from And relatively quick restart can provide reset command time realize in this position.But, due to the shut-in time section extended, Stop position comparatively faster can be restarted position (that is, sealing station) from this and changes.(in turn), ECM accordingly 130 can provide order to change the stop position determined to be substantially returned to sealing station with stopping based on this prolongation, The stopping of above-mentioned prolongation already leads to content in cylinder (that is, inside and outside cylinder characteristic at least one) and reveals.At one In embodiment, ECM 130 activated start motor 102 returns to sealing station to be adjusted by piston.This sealing station can be with Certain specific crank wheel 120 number of teeth is corresponding, thus starts motor 102 and rotate the bent axle number of teeth quilt until above-mentioned crank wheel 120 Sensor 110 detects.Therefore, (the step when receiving reset command (step 707) and ECM 130 activates engine restarting Rapid 708), above-mentioned piston can be used to the gas content from sealing station rather than never sealing station compression cylinder, unsealing Position can be because leakage occurs.This can reduce retention and cause engine restarting relatively faster.

Therefore, as it has been described above, during predefined when engine stop position can be transferred to OFF based on distance electromotor The passage of the area of a room and decrease beyond predefined acceptable based at least one in the temperature and pressure in the first combustion cylinder Measure at least one in (being transferred to initial temperature during OFF and pressure relative to electromotor) and be changed.As above it is mentioned that Engine location change (such as, for the piston in the first variable combustion cylinder, can be started based on more predefined standard Every ten seconds machine shut-in times closer to lower dead center ten degree, until reach lower dead center, etc.).Additionally, in certain embodiments, Engine location change can be based on anticipation function.Advantageously, anticipation function is used to be easy to before anticipated conditions be adjusted, So that electromotor is ready to restart the most quickly than legacy system.Therefore, step 705 provide electromotor dynamically control with Substantially realize quick engine restarting.

In certain embodiments, in the case of petrol engine or e85 electromotor, fuel mass can play a role.Right In diesel oil, additive is also such.Therefore, in certain embodiments, ECM 130 can receive to indicate and use within the engine The data of fuel, and it is next real with the incendivity characteristic in response to fuel more specifically to adjust engine stop position (step 706) Burning (step 708) in existing first variable cylinder.Such as, in the tail-off extended is arranged, gasoline can be than e85 phase To being adjusted to environmental condition quickly.Therefore, engine stop position can be more fast in e85 electromotor in petrol engine It is adjusted to lower dead center fastly and more fully.Therefore, present invention contemplates consideration fuel mass and the system and method for type, Thus further refinement step 706.

Although each step 703 705 reduces the engine restarting time, in certain embodiments, ECM 130 include based on Engine stop position that is that determine or that change stops or substantially stops enforcement suitable fuel injection process next time Each module.This is because the time processing unit that ECM includes (TPU) module can only be reset to " 0 " (that is, index position Put).Such as, if stop position is positioned at the number of teeth 40, then TPU is it is set to " 0 ".This index location is then injected at fuel Synchronized (i.e., it was observed that the disappearance backlash of crank wheel) before.

Therefore, in certain embodiments, ECM 130 increases deviant to the stop position determined, to produce stopping of adjusting Stop bit puts (step 705), and wherein this adjustment position is used for restarting.This deviant is equal to the stop position determined, it is possible to It is adjusted when implementing step 704 (change of engine location).Therefore, Figure 10 shows the example inserting deviant.At this In individual example, electromotor is parked in 80 degree, and TPU is reported as zero degree.Therefore, the tooth counting/angle of adjustment is 80 degree.As Shown in figure, in this case, 110 degree are used as new top dead centre angle, and above-mentioned new top dead centre angle is corresponding to reality Top dead center position (that is, 190 degree).Being offset by use, ECM 130 correctly orders and carries out cylinder injection, and allow around Cross (bypassing) TPU module (if you are using).Advantageously, this aspect may be used for system described herein and Method provides modularity, thus user and operator can be by carrying out little adjustment and relatively small to their current system Become original and implement these method and systems.

Figure 11 describes another example of the skew that ECM 130 uses.In Figure 11, the chart 1120 on Figure 111 0 illustrates The top dead center position of the pre-calibration of each cylinder and the corresponding crank wheel number of teeth in electromotor.As an example, it is assumed that Engine stop is at crank wheel 120 tooth ten (1130).Traditionally, when crank wheel be positioned in restarting tooth 30 (No. five cylinders Top dead centre) time, ECM 130 (or TPU) will report that crank wheel is positioned at tooth 20.Step 706 makes ECM 130 can increase by ten It is displaced to stop position.Arrive tooth 20 when ECM 130 (or TPU) counts in restarting, this be considered as tooth 30 and not It it is tooth 20.Therefore, ECM 130 command injection device tooth 20 spray fuel, enable in No. five cylinders occur can Combustion incident, and utilize the advantage (step 708) of the first variable combustion cylinder.

As it has been described above, aspect 700 is used when igniting is in " ON " position.In certain embodiments, at electromotor In one-shot, because having no knowledge about engine stop position information, method 700 can be disabled.But, when igniting is " ON " Time, although electromotor has forwarded OFF to, but still to ECM 130 energy supply so that engine stop position be stored into Row electromotor quickly restart (method 700).In an alternate embodiment of the invention, even if ECM 130 forwards " OFF " to (not in igniting Period in reboot operation) after can also store engine stop position information, with can when electromotor and vehicle are restarted Carry out comparatively faster engine start.ECM 130 can use power source special to store engine stop position.

As it has been described above, the method for present invention description and accompanying drawing are about diesel compression ignition engine.But, spark ignition is sent out Motivation can use identical method.In this embodiment, ECM can control the power to ignition coil, to provide spark also Cause burning (compared to when and which kind of cylinder fuel is injected in compression ignition example).It should be noted that, use herein Being intended to indicate these embodiments in the term " example " describing various embodiments is feasible example, expression and/or feasible enforcement The example (and these terms are not intended to the example that implicit this kind of embodiment is necessarily prominent or optimal) of example.

Above-described schematic flow diagram and method schematic diagram are generally shown at logical flow chart.According to this, shown order Representational embodiment is shown with institute target step.It is contemplated that in function, logic or effect, be equal in schematic diagram institute The one or more steps of the method shown or other steps part thereof of, order and method.

It addition, the form used and symbol are not construed as shown in figure for each logic step explaining schematic diagram The scope of each method limit.Although various arrow types and line type can be used in the diagram, they should be by It is interpreted as limiting the scope of correlation method.It is true that some arrow or other junctional complexs can serve as the logic of only indicating means Flow process.Such as, arrow may indicate that one section of wait the clearest and the most definite between each step enumerated of shown method or monitoring are held The continuous time.Additionally, the order in ad hoc approach may or may not strictly defer to the order of shown corresponding steps.Also should Note, each piece in block chart and/or flow chart, and the combination of each piece of block chart and/or flow chart can be by holding The combination of row concrete function or the dedicated hardware systems of action or specialized hardware and program code is implemented.

Present application contemplates the method on any machine readable media for realizing various operation, the system and program is produced Product.As it has been described above, in certain embodiments, ECM forms processing system or subsystem, including having memorizer, processing and communicate One or more calculating devices of hardware.ECM can be single assembly or distributed devices, and the function of processor is permissible Performed by hardware and/or perform as the computer instruction on non-transient computer (or machine) readable storage medium storing program for executing.

In certain embodiments, as the application is about shown in Fig. 2, and ECM includes being configured to functionally perform the application institute One or more modules of each operation described.Description herein including each parts of ECM highlights the knot of ECM each side Structure independence, and illustrate the operation of ECM and a packet of responsibility.Perform other packets of similar total operation it is understood that Become within the scope of the invention.Each module can be at hardware and/or as the calculating on non-transient computer-readable recording medium Machine instruction is implemented, and each module can be distributed in various hardware or each parts of computer based.

Example and unrestriced module are implemented element and are included that the sensor of any value providing the application to determine (such as senses Device 110), be provided as the sensor of any value of the predecessor (precursor) of the value that the application determines, include communication chip, shake Swing crystal, communication link, cable, twisted-pair feeder distribution, coaxial line, shielding line, transmitter, receiver and/or the data of transceiver Link and/or the network hardware, logic circuit, hard-wired logic circuits, it is in specific non-transient shape according to module specification configuration Reconfigurable logic circuit in state, include at least one electrically, hydraulic pressure or any actuator of pneumatic actuator, electromagnetic valve, fortune Calculate amplifier, simulation controls element (spring, wave filter, integrator, adder, divider, booster element), and/or numeral control Element processed.

As it has been described above, the many functional element described in this specification have been labeled as module, in order to more specifically Emphasize its independence implemented.Such as, module may be implemented as hardware circuit, and above-mentioned hardware circuit includes customizing VLSI circuit Or gate array, ready-made semiconductor device such as logic chip, transistor or other discrete parts.Module can also be by reality Executing in programmable hardware device, above-mentioned hardware device is such as field programmable gate array, programmable logic array, can compile Journey logical device etc..

Each module can also be implemented in the machine readable media performed by the processor of various models.Have and can perform generation The identification module of code can such as include one or more physical blocks or the logical block with computer instruction, and these have calculating Physical block or the logical block of machine instruction can such as be organized into object, step or function.But, performing of identification module File need not the most together, but can include the different instruction being stored in diverse location, above-mentioned diverse location In different instruction constitute this module and realize the purpose of this module defined when being joined logically together.

It practice, the module with computer readable program code can be single instruction perhaps MIMD, and even Can distribute in several different code segments, in different programs and in several storage device.Similarly, operation data exist Can be identified in each module and illustrate herein, and can present in any suitable form and in any suitable type Data structure in organized.Operation data can be collected as individual data collection, or can be assigned on diverse location, Or can at least in part, exist as just the electronic signal in system or network, above-mentioned diverse location includes different storage Deposit equipment.In the case of each several part of module or module is carried out in machine readable media (that is, computer-readable medium), Computer readable program code can be stored in one or more computer-readable mediums and/or propagate.

Computer-readable medium can be the readable storage medium of tangible computer storing this computer readable program code. This computer-readable storage media can be such as but not limited to electronics, magnetic, optics, electromagnetism, infrared, holographic , micromechanics or the system of quasiconductor, equipment, or device, or aforesaid any suitable combination.

More specific example of above computer computer-readable recording medium can include but not limited to portable computer diskette, hard Dish, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (EPROM or flash memory), just Take formula compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), optical storage apparatus, magnetic storage apparatus, Hologram Storage Medium, micromechanics storage device, or aforesaid any suitable combination.In the context of present specification, computer-readable Storage medium can be can comprise and/or store computer readable program code with by and/or about instruction execution system, set Any tangible medium that standby or device uses.

Computer-readable medium can also be computer-readable signal media.Computer-readable signal media can include tool Having computer readable program code to be implemented on propagable data signal therein, such as, computer readable program code is by reality Execute the part in a base band or as carrier wave to implement.This propagable signal can be rendered as any various forms, various Form includes but not limited to electric, electromagnetism, magnetic, optics or aforesaid any suitable combination.Computer-readable is believed Number medium can with right and wrong computer-readable recording medium and can communicate, propagate or transmit computer-readable program Any computer-readable medium that code is used for by or uses about instruction execution system, equipment or device.It is implemented in computer Computer readable program code on readable signal medium can use any suitable medium to transmit, any of the above described properly Medium include but not limited to wireless, wired, fiber optic cables, radio frequency (RF) etc., or aforesaid any suitable combination.

In one embodiment, computer-readable medium can include one or more computer-readable recording medium and Individual or the combination of multiple computer-readable signal media.Such as, computer readable program code can pass through as electromagnetic signal Fiber optic cables are propagated to be performed and to be stored in RAM storage device by processor to be performed by processor.

Can be with one or more programming languages for carrying out the computer readable program code of the operation of each side of the present invention Any combination of speech is write, and one or more programming languages include OO programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ etc., traditional procedural such as " C " spin Cheng Yuyan or similar programming language.Computer-readable Program code can perform the most on the user computer, perform the most on the user computer, can as stand-alone computer Read bag to perform, perform the most on the user computer and perform the most on the remote computer or completely at remotely meter Perform on calculation machine or server.When the latter, this remote computer can be counted with user by any kind of network Calculation machine connects, and any kind of network includes LAN (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or can carry out with outer computer Connect (such as, by using the Internet of Internet Service Provider).

Program code can also be stored in and can guide computer, other programmable data processing device or other dresses Put in the computer-readable medium of functionating in a particular manner, thus the instruction being stored in computer-readable medium produces system Product, these goods include the instruction of the function/action indicated in enforcement schematic flow diagram and/or schematic block segment or block.

Therefore, the present invention can in the case of without departing from spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention with other specific form by reality Execute.Described each embodiment is considered to be merely exemplary in all respects, and nonrestrictive.Therefore, the present invention Scope carry out showing rather than passing through the description above by claim.Fall in the implication of equal value of claim and scope Interior all modifications is contained in the range of this claim.

Claims (21)

1. A device, characterized in that, comprising: an engine shutdown module configured to receive a shutdown command providing an indication that the engine transitioned to an off state; an engine position module configured to: receiving position data indicative of a position of a crankshaft of the engine; and determining a stop position of the crankshaft based on the position data when the engine is in the off state; an engine restart module configured to receive a restart command providing an indication that the engine transitioned from the off state to the on state; and an engine ignition module configured to cause the engine to restart to the on state in response to the restart command, wherein the engine ignition module is configured to determine a first Variable cylinders to start combustion. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first variable cylinder is based on a firing sequence of the engine, wherein the first variable cylinder is determined from the determined The stop position starts the next cylinder with a piston meeting the predefined amount of stroke. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first variable cylinder is based on a firing sequence of the engine, wherein the first variable cylinder is immediately followed by the firing sequence that would otherwise be at the cylinders that experienced a combustible event when the engine reached the off state. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the position data is indicative of a position of a crank wheel coupled to the crankshaft, wherein the position data is indicative of a first rotational direction and a second rotational direction of the crank wheel. A rotation direction, the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the engine position module is configured to determine the anchored position of the crank wheel based on an initial change in rotational direction after the engine stop module receives the stop command , wherein the engine position module is configured to determine a stop position of the crankshaft based on a number of first rotational oscillations and second rotational oscillations when the engine enters the off state. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an engine tuning module configured to adjust a position of a piston in the first variable cylinder to facilitate a relatively more Quick engine restart. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the engine adjustment module is configured to adjust the position of the piston based on a predefined amount of time the engine is in the off state, wherein the piston is Adjusted to be closer to the bottom dead center position in the first variable cylinder. 8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the engine tuning module is configured to adjust the piston's velocity based on at least one of temperature and pressure in the first variable cylinder dropping by more than a predefined amount. position, wherein the piston is adjusted closer to the bottom dead center position in the first variable cylinder. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the engine tuning module is configured to adjust the piston based on at least one of temperature and pressure in the first variable cylinder predicting attenuation exceeding a predefined amount position, wherein the piston is adjusted to be closer to the bottom dead center position in the first variable cylinder. 10. A system, characterized in that it comprises: an engine having a crankshaft coupled to the crankwheel such that the crankshaft and crankwheel rotate synchronously; a sensor configured to acquire position data regarding the position of the crank wheel; and an engine control module communicatively coupled to the sensor, the engine control module configured to: receiving an engine stop command configured to shut down the engine; receiving the location data from the sensor; determining a stop position of the crank wheel based on position data when the engine is off; receive an instruction to restart the engine; determining the first variable cylinder to start combustion based on the determined stop position of the crank wheel; and A command is provided to initiate combustion in the first variable cylinder to restart the engine. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the sensor is a bi-directional sensor such that the position data indicates that the crank wheel rotates in each of a first rotational direction and a second rotational direction , the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the crank wheel includes a plurality of teeth. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the engine control module is configured to determine the stop position of the crank wheel by: determining an anchor tooth number on the crank wheel, the anchor tooth number corresponding to an initial position where the position data indicates that the crank wheel has changed direction of rotation after receiving the engine stop command; counting the number of teeth corresponding to the first rotation direction; counting the number of teeth corresponding to the second direction of rotation; adding a tooth number corresponding to the first rotational direction to the anchor tooth number to determine a forward tooth number; and The number of teeth corresponding to the second direction of rotation is subtracted from the number of forward teeth to determine the stop position of the crank wheel. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the first variable cylinder is based on a firing sequence of the engine, wherein the first variable cylinder is determined from the determined The stop position starts the next cylinder with a piston meeting the predefined amount of stroke. 15. The system of claim 10, wherein the first variable cylinder is based on a firing sequence of the engine, wherein the first variable cylinder is immediately followed by the firing sequence that would otherwise be at the cylinders that experienced a combustible event when the engine reached the off state. 16. The system of claim 10, wherein the engine control module is configured based on the lapse of a predefined amount of time while the engine is off, and the first variable in-cylinder temperature and pressure. at least one of adjusting a piston in the first variable cylinder relative to at least one of an initial temperature and an initial pressure in the first variable cylinder that decreases by more than a predefined amount relative to when the stop command is received s position. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein said engine control module is configured to be based on the passage of said predefined amount of time or based on said temperature and said pressure in said first variable cylinder. at least one of the decreases exceeds the predefined amount, adjusting the piston to the bottom dead center of the first variable center. 18. A method, comprising the steps of: receiving an engine stop command in a vehicle through an engine control module, the engine stop command configured to shut down an engine of the vehicle; receiving, via the engine control module, position data from a bi-directional sensor, the position data being indicative of a crank wheel position; determining, by the engine control module, the stop position of the crank wheel based on position data when the engine is switched off; determining, by the engine control module, a first variable cylinder of the engine to restart combustion based on the determined stop position of the crankshaft wheel; and An engine restart command is received by the engine control module configured to restart the engine to initiate combustion in the first variable cylinder. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the steps of: by the engine control module based on the lapse of a predefined amount of time while the engine is shut down, and at least one of the first variable in-cylinder temperature and pressure relative to a first possible value when the stop command is received At least one of initial temperature and initial pressure in the variable cylinder is decreased by more than at least one of predefined amounts to adjust the position of the piston in the first variable cylinder. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the first variable cylinder is based on a firing order of the engine, wherein the first variable cylinder is determined from the determined The stop position starts the next cylinder with a piston meeting the predefined amount of stroke. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein said first variable cylinder is based on a firing sequence of said engine, wherein said first variable cylinder is next to what would have been at said firing sequence according to said firing sequence. Cylinders that experience a combustible event when the engine reaches shutdown.