CN106112566A - A kind of guide rail structure of horizontal Machining centers ram - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a guide rail structure of a ram in a horizontal machining center, comprising a column assembly and a ram assembly; the two form a box-in-box structure, that is, the outer box is a column assembly, and the inner box is a ram assembly; the column The assembly includes column, Y-axis drive motor, balance oil cylinder, Y-axis linear guide, Y-axis ball screw, X-axis drive motor, X-axis ball screw, X-axis linear guide, X-axis slider; the two front parts of the column Y-axis linear guide rails are installed on the side; balance oil cylinders are installed on both sides of the column, and the other end is connected to the ram assembly; Y-axis sliders are installed in the Y-direction movement of the ram assembly; X Axis slider and X-axis nut; ram assembly includes slider box, ram, guide block, limit block, Y-axis nut, Y-axis slider, Z-axis drive motor, Z-axis ball screw and Z-axis nuts. The above-mentioned structure is reasonable, with high processing precision, better rigidity and stronger bearing capacity, which realizes the movement of the center of mass of the ram and improves the transmission precision.

Description

A guide rail structure of a horizontal machining center ram

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a guide rail structure for a ram of a horizontal machining center.

Background technique

In order to meet the high-speed and high-precision processing requirements of modern machine tools, advanced horizontal machining centers have generally adopted box-type movable structures to reduce the weight of moving parts, increase the speed of movement, and reduce thermal deformation. One of the typical structures of the box movable horizontal machining center is the box-in-box structure. This kind of machine tool replaces the movement of the Z-axis worktable or column with the expansion and contraction of the ram, which reduces the weight of the moving parts and eliminates the influence of the weight of the workpiece, thus better solving the problems of the Z-axis movement speed and positioning accuracy, and The supporting rigidity of the workbench is better, the bearing capacity is stronger, and the automatic transformation of the workbench is easier to realize. For this reason, designing a ram guide rail structure of a horizontal machining center with a simple structure, high reliability, and a box-in-box structure has become one of the difficult problems faced by designers.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the known technology, the present invention provides a guide rail structure of a horizontal machining center ram with reasonable structure, high machining precision, better rigidity and stronger bearing capacity.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes for solving the technical problem existing in known technology is:

A guide rail structure for a ram of a horizontal machining center, characterized in that it includes a column assembly and a ram assembly; the two form a box-in-box structure, that is, the outer box is a column assembly, and the inner box is a ram assembly;

The column assembly includes a column, a Y-axis drive motor, a balance oil cylinder, a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis ball screw, an X-axis drive motor, an X-axis ball screw, an X-axis linear guide, an X-axis slider, and an X-axis nut;

The Y-axis linear guide rails are installed on both sides of the column to support the movement of the ram assembly along the Y-axis direction;

A balance oil cylinder is installed on both sides of the column. One end of the balance oil cylinder is connected to the column, and the other end is connected to the ram assembly to balance the gravity of the ram assembly;

Y-axis driving motors are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the top of the column, and the two Y-axis driving motors respectively drive the left and right Y-axis ball screws to rotate, and then drive the ram assembly to move up and down, that is, the movement of the Y-axis;

The X-axis ball screw, the X-axis drive motor, and the X-linear guide rail are one above and one above the other, all of which are assembled and fixed on the machine bed;

The X-axis slider is symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the rear of the column to support the movement of the column assembly in the X direction;

The X-axis nut is fixedly installed in the connecting hole in the upper and lower middle of the column, and driven by the X-axis drive motor and the X-axis ball screw, drives the column assembly to move in the X direction;

The ram assembly includes a slider box, a ram, a guide block, a limit block, a Y-axis nut, a Y-axis slider, a Z-axis drive motor, a Z-axis ball screw, and a Z-axis nut;

The slide box is a structure with a hole in the middle, and the shape of the hole is a square section; the slide box includes an upper slide box and a lower slide box; the upper slide box and the lower slide box are connected by bolts Connected to form a sliding seat box, in which the upper sliding seat box is a flat structure; the lower sliding seat box is a U-shaped groove structure;

The above-mentioned ram is a regular polyhedron structure;

The Z-axis nut is fixed at the lower part of the ram and moves along the Z-axis together with the ram;

The above-mentioned guide block has a triangular structure and is installed at the front and rear four corners of the inner hole of the slider box, and the slope of the guide block matches the side of the regular polyhedron of the ram; when driven by the Z-axis drive motor and the Z-axis ball screw , the ram moves in the Z-axis direction along the V-guiding surface formed by the guide block, that is, moves in the front-back direction;

The above-mentioned limit block is installed in the middle of the slider box to limit the axial position of the guide block;

The above-mentioned Y-axis slider is installed on the upper and lower sides of the back of the slider box to support the movement of the ram assembly in the Y direction;

The Y-axis nut is integrated with the ram box, and driven by the Y-axis drive motor and the Y-axis ball screw, the ram assembly is driven to move in the Y direction.

The present invention can also adopt following technical measures:

The ram has a regular hexahedron or regular octahedron structure.

The advantages and positive effects that the present invention has are: because the present invention adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, have the following advantages:

1. The ram is limited by four guide blocks at the front and rear in the radial direction, and each surface of the ram is in surface contact with the guide blocks, with large bearing capacity and higher motion stability;

2. The cross section of the ram is a regular polyhedron structure, so the force of each guide block points to the center of mass of the ram, which realizes the movement of the center of mass of the ram and improves the transmission accuracy;

3. The inner hole of the sliding seat box is a square section, and the sliding seat box is divided into upper and lower parts, which are connected by assembly. The lower half of the sliding seat box is a U-shaped groove structure; the upper half of the sliding seat box is a flat plate structure, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing;

4. The guide block is a triangular block, and is fixed at the four inner corners of the square hole of the slider box. The positioning of the guide block in both horizontal and vertical directions at the same time is realized, so that the bearing capacity of the guide block is greater, and the stability and rigidity are better.

In addition, it also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly, light weight and low cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the front of the processing center of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view schematic diagram of the ram guide rail structure in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic left view of the ram guide rail structure in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the ram assembly;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the ram assembly in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover plate of the slider box;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped groove of the slider box;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the column structure.

In the figure: 1. Y-axis drive motor; 2. X-axis drive motor; 3. X-axis ball screw; 4. Machine bed; 5. Machine table; 6. X-axis linear guide; 7. Turntable; 8. Column; 9. Balance oil cylinder; 10. Y-axis linear guide; 11. Sliding seat box; 11a. Upper cover plate; 11b. U-shaped groove; 12. Ram; 13. Guide block; 14. Y-axis ball screw ;15, Z-axis drive motor; 16, X-axis slider; 17, X-axis nut; 18, Z-axis nut; 19, Z-axis ball screw; 20, Y-axis slider; 21, Y-axis nut; 22, limit block.

detailed description

In order to further understand the invention content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following examples are given, and detailed descriptions are as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a guide rail structure of a horizontal machining center ram, the guide rail structure of the horizontal machining center ram is a box-in-box structure. That is, it consists of column 8 (see Figure 8), Y-axis drive motor 1, balance oil cylinder 9, Y-axis linear guide 10, Y-axis ball screw 14, X-axis drive motor 2, X-axis ball screw 3, and X-axis linear guide 6. X-axis slider 16, X-axis nut 17; the composed column assembly forms an outer box including a slider box 11, a ram 12, a guide block 13, a limit block 22, a Y-axis nut 21, and a Y-axis slider The ram assembly that 20 and Z-axis drive motor 15, Z-axis ball screw 19 and Z-axis nut 18 form is as inner box.

The column assembly (that is, the outer box) in the example is shown in Figure 2: the Y-axis linear guide rail 10 is fixed on both sides of the column 8; the Y-axis drive motor 1 and the Y-axis ball screw 14 are assembled on both sides of the column 8.

In the example, the X-axis driving motor 2, the X-axis ball screw 3 and the X-axis linear guide 6 are installed on the machine bed 4 as shown in Figure 1. The X-axis nut 17 on the column 8 is connected to the X-axis ball screw 3 Cooperate, the X-axis slider 16 assembled behind the column 8 cooperates with the X-axis linear guide rail 6. Therefore, under the action of the X-axis drive motor 2, the column assembly and the ram assembly act together to move in the X direction, thereby realizing the movement in the X-axis direction of the machine tool.

Two Y-axis sliders 20 are respectively installed on the back of the ram box 11, as shown in FIG. Therefore, under the action of the Y-axis driving motor 1 , the ram assembly moves along the Y-axis linear guide rail 10 , that is, the movement in the Y-direction of the machine tool is realized. And, a balance oil cylinder 9 is respectively installed on the left and right sides of the column 8, and one end of the oil cylinder is installed on the column 8, and the other end is connected on the slider box 11, and is used for balancing the gravity of the ram assembly.

The ram assembly (that is, the inner box) in the example is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5: the slider box 11 is a structure with a hole in the middle, and the shape of the hole is a square cross-section; the slider box 11 is passed through two parts, the upper and lower parts Bolt connection, wherein the upper part is a flat plate, that is, the upper cover plate 11a (see Figure 6); the lower part is a U-shaped groove structure, that is, a U-shaped groove 11b (see Figure 7). Guide blocks 13 are installed at the front and rear corners of the inner hole of the ram box 11; the guide blocks 13 are divided into an upper guide block and a lower guide block; The block 22 is fixed on the slider box 11 by bolts. The function of the limit block 22 is to limit the position of the guide blocks 13 at the front and rear four corners of the ram 12 in the Z-axis direction. The ram 12 is a regular polyhedron structure, the side is matched with the guide block 13, and the Z-axis nut 18 is installed below, and the Z-axis nut 18 is matched with the Z-axis rolling screw 19. The Z-axis driving motor 15 and the Z-axis ball screw 19 are installed on the U-shaped groove of the ram box 11 . Thus, the Z-axis drive motor 15 drives the Z-axis ball screw 19 to rotate, and then drives the Z-axis nut 18 to move, and finally drives the ram 12 to move in the Z-axis direction along the V surface formed by the guide block 13, that is, to move in the front-back direction. That is to realize the movement of the Z axis of the machine tool.

The ram 12 in the example is a regular hexahedron structure;

The guide block 13 in the example is a triangular structure.

Adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme has the following advantages:

1. The ram is limited by four guide blocks at the front and rear in the radial direction, and each surface of the ram is in surface contact with the guide blocks, with large bearing capacity and higher motion stability;

2. The cross section of the ram is a regular polyhedron structure, so the force of each guide block points to the center of mass of the ram, which realizes the movement of the center of mass of the ram and improves the transmission accuracy;

3. The inner hole of the sliding seat box is a square section, and the sliding seat box is divided into upper and lower parts, which are connected by assembly. The lower half of the sliding seat box is a U-shaped groove structure; the upper half of the sliding seat box is a flat plate structure, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing;

4. The guide block is a triangular block, and is fixed at the four inner corners of the square hole of the slider box. The positioning of the guide block in both horizontal and vertical directions at the same time is realized, so that the bearing capacity of the guide block is greater, and the stability and rigidity are better.

In addition, it also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly, light weight and low cost.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, equivalent changes and modifications, all belong to this invention. within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. the guide rail structure of a horizontal Machining centers ram, it is characterised in that: include column assembly and ram assembly；Both shapes Becoming box structure, i.e. outer container in case is column assembly, and case is ram assembly；

Described column assembly includes that column, Y-axis drive motor, balancing cylinder, Y-axis line slideway, Y-axis ball-screw, X-axis to drive Motor, X-axis ball-screw, X-axis line slideway, X-axis slide block；

Described Y-axis line slideway is arranged on the both sides of column, is used for supporting ram assembly and moves along Y direction；

Balancing cylinder is installed in column both sides, and one end of balancing cylinder is connected on column, and the other end is connected on ram assembly, uses To balance the gravity of ram assembly；

The left and right sides, top of column is respectively mounted Y-axis and drives motor, two Y-axis to drive motor to drive two Y-axis in left and right respectively Ball-screw rotates, and then drives ram assembly to move up and down the movement of i.e. Y-axis；

Described X-axis ball-screw, X-axis drive motor and the most each one of X line slideway, all assembling to be fixed on bed piece On；

Described X-axis slide block, is left and right symmetrically arranged in upper and lower two sides, column rear portion, and support post assembly X-direction is moved；

Described X-axis nut, is fixedly mounted in the connecting hole that column is middle up and down, drives motor and X-axis ball-screw in X-axis Driving under, drive column assembly to do the movement of X-direction；

Described ram assembly includes that slide casing, ram, guide pad, limited block, Y-axis nut, Y-axis slide block, Z axis drive motor, Z Axle ball-screw and Z axis nut；

Described slide case is the structure of middle with hole, hole be shaped as square-section；Described slide case include upper saddle casing and Lower slider casing；Upper saddle casing and lower slider casing two parts are bolted and form, and form slide case, wherein upper saddle Casing is slab construction；Lower slider casing is U-lag structure；

Above-mentioned ram is regular polygon structure；

Described Z axis nut is fixed in ram bottom, moves along Z axis together with ram；

Above-mentioned guide pad is triangular structure, is arranged on before and after slide casing endoporus at four angles, and guide pad inclined-plane Side-fit with ram regular polygon；When, under the effect driving motor and Z axis ball-screw at Z axis, ram is along guide pad The V spigot surface formed is made the movement i.e. fore-and-aft direction of Z-direction and is moved；

Above-mentioned limited block is arranged in the middle part of slide casing, for the position that restricted guidance block is axial；

Above-mentioned Y-axis slide block is arranged on upper and lower two sides after slide casing, for supporting the motion of ram assembly Y-direction；

Described Y-axis nut is integrated with ram casing, under the driving that Y-axis drives motor and Y-axis ball-screw, drives ram Assembly does the movement of Y-direction.

The guide rail structure of horizontal Machining centers ram the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ram is positive six Face body or regular octahedron structure.