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CN106108999A - 一种个性化接骨板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种个性化接骨板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN106108999A
CN106108999A CN201610407374.4A CN201610407374A CN106108999A CN 106108999 A CN106108999 A CN 106108999A CN 201610407374 A CN201610407374 A CN 201610407374A CN 106108999 A CN106108999 A CN 106108999A
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谭海涛
傅山泓
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种个性化接骨板及其制造方法。个性化接骨板利用钛或钛合金通过3D打印形成，接骨板与患者骨接触的表面与患者骨的形状拟合接触，接骨板的表面有氮化钛膜。制造方法包括以下步骤：1）采用CTA扫描技术或MRI技术对患者骨部位进行立体造影，获得患者骨部位的三维数据；2）使用计算机辅助设计显示患者骨部位及确定接骨板对应连接方式；3）输出个性化接骨板数据，并使用金属粉末选区激光熔化3D打印机打印接骨板，所使用的钛或钛合金的颗粒直径为15~45μm，且为球状；4）对3D打印获得的接骨板进行真空热处理并在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜。

Description

一种个性化接骨板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及接骨板和对应的制造方法。
背景技术
接骨板是指带孔板状骨折内固定器件。临床上常与骨螺钉或接骨丝配合使用。现有的接骨板都呈直板状，如在YY0017-2008标准中规定的骨接合植入物金属接骨板，在该标准规定金属接骨板有直型和异型两种，但不管是哪种类型的金属接骨板，当其安装到患者骨部位时，金属接骨板与患者骨接触的面无法完全拟合，这样，一方面让患者不舒服，另一方面不利于患者骨的恢复，同时金属接骨板的固定也不牢固。
此外，钛及钛合金的表面硬度较低，化学活性较大。据文献报道钛合金植入体感染的发生率平均高达5.8%。因此，进一步提高钛及钛合金耐腐蚀、抗高温氧化等表面性能就成了亟需解决的问题。
在中国专利申请号为201420464816.5申请日为2014.8.18授权公告日为2015.1.14的专利文献中公开了一种踝下胫腓固定接骨板，其虽然产生了有益效果，但是该接骨板与患者骨接触的也为平面，因此，也是无法与患者骨完全拟合，同样产生上述技术问题。
造成上述技术问题的主要原因是通过现有的制造技术难以成型与患者骨完全吻合的面。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种个性化接骨板及其制造方法。
解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：一种个性化接骨板，接骨板利用钛或钛合金通过3D打印形成，接骨板与患者骨接触的表面与患者骨的形状拟合接触，接骨板的表面有氮化钛膜。
进一步的，所述接骨板的厚度为0.5-4毫米。
进一步的，所述接骨板的厚度为1-2毫米。
进一步的，所述接骨板上有二个以上用于将接骨板固定于患者骨的固定孔。
制造上述个性化接骨板的方法包括有以下步骤：1）采用CTA扫描技术或MRI技术对患者骨部位进行立体造影，获得患者骨部位的三维数据；2）使用计算机辅助设计显示患者骨部位及确定接骨板对应连接方式；3）输出个性化接骨板数据，并使用金属粉末选区激光熔化3D打印机打印接骨板，所使用的钛或钛合金的颗粒直径为15~45μm，且为球状，4）对3D打印获得的接骨板进行真空热处理并在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜。
进一步的，真空热处理的工艺包括，第一阶段热处理，接骨板装炉后，抽真空，真空热处理炉内真空度不小于10-3Pa，之后充入氮气或在升温过程中充入氮气并保持炉内负压，从室温升温45-60分钟至630-670℃，保温45-60分钟，升温30-40分钟至850-900℃，保温6-8小时，抽真空排出氮气，对接骨板进行真空气淬冷却至20-100℃；第二阶段热处理，从20-100℃升温35-45分钟至530-570℃，保温4-6小时，保温结束后立即对接骨板进行真空气淬冷却至室温。
本发明的有益效果是：
（1）由于接骨板与患者骨部位完全拟合，这样，当接骨板安装好后不容易发生位移，更加有利于患者骨的恢复，同时让患者感觉更加的舒服。
（2）在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜，提高了接骨板表面硬度和抗腐蚀性能，有效降低感染率。
（3）采用本发明的制造方法，能精确的确定出患者骨的三维数据，根据该三维数据并通过3D打印能成型与患者骨完全拟合的接骨板，因此，成型接骨板的精度高，成本低，速度快。
（4）通过对3D打印后的接骨板进行热处理，一方面能消除3D打印缺陷，提高接骨板的综合机械性能，另一方面利用热处理中的高温段，在氮气环境中，在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜。
附图说明
图1为本发明个性化接骨板的正面示意图。
图2为本发明个性化接骨板的侧面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
如图1和图2所示，个性化接骨板1利用钛或钛合金通过3D打印形成，所述接骨板1与患者骨接触的表面形成凹凸面或曲面，使得接骨板1与患者骨的形状拟合接触。所述接骨板1上有二个以上用于将接骨板1固定于患者骨的固定孔11。所述接骨板的厚度为0.5-4毫米，其厚度根据患者的需要确定。
个性化接骨板的制造方法步骤为：1）采用CTA扫描技术或MRI技术对患者骨部位进行立体造影，获得患者骨部位的三维数据；2）使用计算机辅助设计显示患者骨部位及确定接骨板对应连接方式；3）输出个性化接骨板数据，并使用金属粉末选区激光熔化3D打印机打印接骨板，所使用的钛或钛合金的颗粒直径为15~45μm，且为球状，4）对3D打印获得的接骨板进行真空热处理并在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜。
步骤4）的真空热处理的工艺包括，第一阶段热处理，接骨板装炉后，抽真空，真空热处理炉内真空度不小于10-3Pa，之后充入氮气或在升温过程中充入氮气并保持炉内负压，从室温升温45-60分钟至630-670℃，保温45-60分钟，升温30-40分钟至850-900℃，保温6-8小时，抽真空排出氮气，对接骨板进行真空气淬冷却至20-100℃；第二阶段热处理，从20-100℃升温35-45分钟至530-570℃，保温4-6小时，保温结束后立即对接骨板进行真空气淬冷却至室温。
在本发明中，由于接骨板1与患者骨部位完全拟合，这样，当接骨板1安装好后不容易发生位移，更加有利于患者骨的恢复，同时让患者感觉更加的舒服。在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜，提高了接骨板表面硬度和抗腐蚀性能，有效降低感染率。采用本发明的制造方法，能精确的确定出患者骨的三维数据，根据该三维数据并通过3D打印能成型与患者骨完全拟合的接骨板1，因此，成型接骨板1的精度高，成本低，速度快。通过对3D打印后的接骨板进行热处理，一方面能消除3D打印缺陷，提高接骨板的综合机械性能，另一方面利用热处理中的高温段，在氮气环境中，在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜。

Claims (6)

1.一种个性化接骨板，其特征在于：接骨板利用钛或钛合金通过3D打印形成，所述接骨板与患者骨接触的表面与患者骨的形状拟合接触，所述接骨板的表面有氮化钛膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种个性化接骨板，其特征在于：所述接骨板的厚度为0.5-4毫米。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种个性化接骨板，其特征在于：所述接骨板的厚度为1-2毫米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种个性化接骨板，其特征在于：所述接骨板上有二个以上用于将接骨板固定于患者骨的固定孔。
5.一种个性化接骨板的制造方法，其特征在于包括有以下步骤：1）采用CTA扫描技术或MRI技术对患者骨部位进行立体造影，获得患者骨部位的三维数据；2）使用计算机辅助设计显示患者骨部位及确定接骨板对应连接方式；3）输出个性化接骨板数据，并使用金属粉末选区激光熔化3D打印机打印接骨板，所使用的钛或钛合金的颗粒直径为15~45μm，且为球状；4）对3D打印获得的接骨板进行真空热处理并在接骨板表面生成氮化钛膜。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种个性化接骨板的制造方法，其特征在于：所述真空热处理的工艺包括，第一阶段热处理，接骨板装炉后，抽真空，真空热处理炉内真空度不小于10- 3Pa，之后充入氮气或在升温过程中充入氮气并保持炉内负压，从室温升温45-60分钟至630-670℃，保温45-60分钟，升温30-40分钟至850-900℃，保温6-8小时，抽真空排出氮气，对接骨板进行真空气淬冷却至20-100℃；第二阶段热处理，从20-100℃升温35-45分钟至530-570℃，保温4-6小时，保温结束后立即对接骨板进行真空气淬冷却至室温。
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