CN106007284A - Oil-containing-waste deep treatment method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-containing-waste deep treatment method. The oil-containing-waste deep treatment method includes the steps that initial materials are conveyed into a heating cavity, and the heating cavity is heated through the high-temperature flue gas; oil-water mixing gas containing dust particle substances is subjected to low-temperature-medium spraying, and clean oil-water mixing gas is obtained; the clean oil-water mixing gas is subjected to condensation; oil-water mixing liquid is separated through the density difference; a dust-containing oil phase is separated through the density difference. According to the oil-containing-waste deep treatment method, a rapid and efficient deep treatment technology is provided according to oil-containing waste, solid-phase dust particle substances in the oil-water mixing gas can be removed through a temperature-control dust-removing unit, and the reliability of continuous stable operation of the whole technology is improved. The oil-containing waste can be divided into heavy oil, light oil and water, classified and recycled, resource recycling is achieved, and recycled resources can be stored, transported, used in other occasions and can also be directly reused to a treating system, wherein hydrocarbon can serve as fuel, and water can serve as circulating water.

Description

Method and system for advanced treatment of oily waste

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an advanced treatment technology and system for oily waste.

Background technique

Oily waste refers to the viscous solid or semi-solid waste generated during the extraction, storage, transportation and refining of crude oil, which belongs to the HW08 hazardous waste in the "National Hazardous Waste List" (2008). According to statistics, my country produces more than 3 million tons of oily waste every year. If it cannot be disposed of safely and effectively, it will inevitably pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and people's health. On the other hand, the pollutants in oily waste are petroleum, which has high recycling value.

The treatment principles for oily waste are reduction, harmlessness, and recycling. Currently, the main treatment technologies include spin-dry separation, microbial metabolic degradation, incineration, organic solvent cleaning, and heat treatment. The drying separation method is mainly suitable for wastes with high liquid content. The oil content of the separated solid phase is difficult to meet the environmental protection requirements, and advanced treatment is still required; the microbial metabolic degradation method is mainly suitable for wastes with low oil content. Natural metabolism decomposes oily substances, but the treatment period is long, the cultivation conditions of microorganisms are complicated, and the metabolic process of microorganisms is to decompose petroleum substances, which cannot realize the recovery and resource utilization of oily substances; the incineration method is to combine them with fuel Cooperate with combustion to achieve solid-phase harmless treatment, but secondary pollution will be generated during the incineration process, and oil substances that can be recycled and reused cannot be recovered; organic solvent cleaning method uses the principle of extraction to separate oil substances in the solid phase come out, and then use heating to recover the organic solvent, but the organic solvent used in this method has certain toxicity, which will pose a threat to human health and the ecological environment. At the same time, there is a risk of explosion when the solvent solubility is high; heat treatment technology is in low In an oxygen or anaerobic environment, the liquid phase is vaporized by indirect heating to realize the separation technology from the solid phase. After the treatment, the solid phase has a low oil content. It is currently recognized as a terminal treatment technology for oily waste.

In the process of using heat treatment technology to treat oily waste, due to the difference in the liquid content of the materials, the amount of oil-water mixture generated is unstable. Excessive oil-water mixture will cause the oil-water mixture to contain solid phase dust particles. This solid phase The existence of dust particles is not conducive to the continuous and stable operation of the whole process. The prior art "A Method and System for Treating Oilfield Waste" (publication number: CN104150728B) also fails to solve the problem of dust, and the decomposed oil has uneven density, which is not conducive to reuse.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, and proposes an oily waste advanced treatment technology and system.

The advanced treatment method of oily waste of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Delivery of initial material into the heating chamber;

Using high-temperature flue gas to heat the heating chamber to obtain oil-water mixed gas containing dust particles and treated solid materials;

The oil-water mixed steam containing dust particles is sprayed with a low-temperature medium to obtain a dust-containing oil phase and clean oil-water mixed steam;

Condensing the clean oil-water mixture to obtain oil-water mixture and non-condensable gas;

The oil-water mixture is separated by density difference to obtain purified water and light oil; the dust-containing oil phase is separated by density difference to obtain purified heavy oil and oil-containing solid phase particles;

The obtained purified heavy oil and purified light oil are stored or reused, and the obtained purified water is discharged uniformly or used as system circulating water.

Preferably, before the initial material is fed into the heating chamber, it also includes sorting the initial material to separate large impurities and fine particle materials; breaking the large impurities into fine particle materials; The fine particle material is fed into the heating chamber.

Preferably, the non-condensable gas is purified and then burned as an auxiliary fuel to obtain high-temperature flue gas to heat the heating chamber.

Preferably, the oil-containing solid-phase particles are sent into a heating chamber for heating.

An advanced treatment system for oily waste, comprising: a heating device, a temperature-controlled dust removal device, a condensation device, a liquid phase separation device, and a solid-liquid separation device;

The heating device is provided with a heating chamber for containing the initial material, and the flue gas inlet of the heating device is connected to a flue gas generating device that generates high-temperature flue gas;

The air inlet of the temperature control dust removal device is connected to the exhaust port of the heating device, and the spray head in the temperature control dust removal device is connected to a medium liquid storage tank for supplying low temperature medium;

The air inlet of the condensing device is connected with the air outlet of the temperature control and dedusting device, the oil outlet of the condensing device is connected with the oil inlet of the liquid phase separation device, and the exhaust port of the condensing device is connected with the The flue gas inlet of the heating device is connected; the oil outlet of the liquid phase separation device is connected to a light oil storage tank for storing purified light oil;

The discharge port of the temperature control dedusting device is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation device, the oil outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to a heavy oil storage tank for storing and purifying heavy oil, and the solid-liquid separation device The slag outlet of the device is connected with the feed port of the heating device.

Preferably, the feeding port of the heating device is connected with a pretreatment device, and the pretreatment device is provided with a sorting screen.

Preferably, a gas purification device is installed between the exhaust port of the condensing device and the flue gas inlet of the heating device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a fast and efficient advanced treatment technology for oily waste, and the set temperature control dedusting unit can remove the solid phase dust particles in the oil-water mixture gas, improving the continuous and stable operation of the whole process reliability. Oily waste can be divided into heavy oil, light oil and water, and classified and recycled to realize resource recovery, which can be stored, transported and utilized in other occasions, and the recovered resources can also be directly reused in the treatment system, in which hydrocarbons can be used as Fuel, water can be used as circulating water. It can deal with difficult-to-handle oily wastes such as landing sludge, tank bottom sludge, oil pit sludge, and aging sludge. The initial material is screened and crushed before heating to avoid excessive material in the heating chamber and insufficient heating, to prevent oily substances from being discharged along with the waste residue, to ensure the recovery rate of hydrocarbons, and to avoid pollution caused by the discharge of hydrocarbon components. After the non-condensable gas is purified, it is burned and reused directly to improve energy utilization. After the heavy oil is separated, the oil-containing solid-phase particles are sent to the heating chamber again for treatment to ensure the treatment effect.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural block diagram of an oily waste advanced treatment system of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to further understand the structure, features and other purposes of the present invention, the detailed description is as follows in conjunction with the attached preferred embodiments. The described preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

The method for advanced treatment of oily waste includes the following steps:

The initial material is transported into the heating chamber; the initial material is oily waste. In order to ensure the efficiency and effect of subsequent treatment, the initial material is sorted by means of a sorting screen before being sent into the heating chamber. Separating bulk impurities and fine particle materials, breaking the bulk impurities into fine particle materials, and sending all the fine particle materials into the heating chamber.

Use high-temperature flue gas to heat the heating chamber to obtain oil-water mixed gas containing dust particles and treated solid materials; wherein the high-temperature flue gas indirectly heats the heating chamber, and after a certain period of thermal decomposition, the initial material becomes dust particles. Oil-water mixed steam and treated solid materials.

The oil-water mixed steam containing dust particles is sprayed with a low-temperature medium to obtain a dust-containing oil phase and a clean oil-water mixed steam; wherein the oil-water mixed steam containing dust particles is cooled to a specified temperature by spraying a low-temperature medium, and the mixed gas The heavy oil gas and dust particles in the gas are condensed by nuclei to form a dusty oil phase, and the oil-water mixed steam that removes the dust particles and heavy oil gas after spraying becomes clean oil-water mixed steam.

The clean oil-water mixture is condensed to obtain oil-water mixture and non-condensable gas; the non-condensable gas is purified and returned to the heating chamber as auxiliary fuel.

The oil-water mixture is separated by using the density difference to obtain purified water and purified light oil, and the separated purified light oil is stored, and the collected purified water is used as system circulating water; the dusty oil phase is used by using the density difference Separation is carried out to obtain purified heavy oil and oil-containing solid phase particles; the separated purified heavy oil is stored or reused, and the oil-containing solid phase particles are transported back to the heating chamber for separation again.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention also discloses an advanced treatment system for oily waste, including: a heating device, a temperature-controlled dust removal device, a condensation device, a liquid phase separation device, and a solid-liquid separation device.

The heating device is equipped with a heating chamber for containing the initial material, and the flue gas inlet of the heating device is connected to the flue gas generating device that generates high-temperature flue gas; the initial material is heated and decomposed in the heating chamber, and decomposed into oil-water mixed vapor and The treated solid material is discharged, and the oil-water mixed steam containing dust particles enters the temperature-controlled dust removal device.

The air inlet of the temperature control dust removal device is connected to the exhaust port of the heating device, and the spray head in the temperature control dust removal device is connected to the medium liquid storage tank for supplying low temperature medium; The low-temperature medium is sprayed in the temperature-controlled dust removal device to form a dusty oil phase and a clean oil-water mixture.

The air inlet of the condensing device is connected with the air outlet of the temperature control dust removal device, the oil outlet of the condensing device is connected with the oil inlet of the liquid phase separation device, and the exhaust port of the condensing device is connected with the heating device The flue gas inlet is connected; the clean oil-water mixture enters the condensing device and condenses into oil-water mixture and non-condensable gas. After the non-condensable gas is purified by the gas purification device, it returns to the heating chamber as an auxiliary fuel.

The oil outlet of the liquid phase separation device is connected to the light oil storage tank for storing purified light oil; the oil-water mixture entering the liquid phase separation device is separated into purified water and purified light oil by using the density difference, and the purified light oil enters the light oil Store in tanks.

The discharge port of the temperature control dedusting device is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation device, and the dust-containing oil phase is separated into purified heavy oil and oil-containing solid phase particles in the solid-liquid separation device by using the density difference. The oil outlet is connected to a heavy oil storage tank for storing purified heavy oil, and the separated purified heavy oil enters the heavy oil storage tank for storage. The waste outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the feed port of the heating device, and the oil-containing solid phase particles return to the heating device for separation again.

The feeding port of the heating device is connected with a pretreatment device, and the pretreatment device is provided with a sorting screen. Before entering the heating device, the initial material is first sorted by the pretreatment device, and the large impurities are selected and crushed, so that all the initial material becomes fine particle material, and then sent to the heating device to make the heated material fine and easy to fully heat break down.

Claims (7)

1. A method for advanced treatment of oily waste, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: Delivery of initial material into the heating chamber; Using high-temperature flue gas to heat the heating chamber to obtain oil-water mixed gas containing dust particles and treated solid materials; The oil-water mixed steam containing dust particles is sprayed with a low-temperature medium to obtain a dust-containing oil phase and clean oil-water mixed steam; Condensing the clean oil-water mixture to obtain oil-water mixture and non-condensable gas; The oil-water mixture is separated by density difference to obtain purified water and light oil; the dust-containing oil phase is separated by density difference to obtain purified heavy oil and oil-containing solid phase particles; The obtained purified heavy oil and purified light oil are stored or reused, and the obtained purified water is discharged uniformly or used as system circulating water. 2. The method for advanced treatment of oily waste according to claim 1, characterized in that before sending the initial material into the heating chamber, it also includes sorting the initial material to separate large impurities and fine particle materials; The bulk impurities are broken into fine particle materials; the fine particle materials are sent into the heating chamber. 3. The method for advanced treatment of oily waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-condensable gas is purified and then burned as an auxiliary fuel to obtain high-temperature flue gas to heat the heating chamber. 4. The method for advanced treatment of oily waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the oily solid phase particles are sent into a heating chamber for heating. 5. An advanced treatment system for oily waste, characterized in that it includes: a heating device, a temperature control dust removal device, a condensation device, a liquid phase separation device, and a solid-liquid separation device; The heating device is provided with a heating chamber for containing the initial material, and the flue gas inlet of the heating device is connected to a flue gas generating device that generates high-temperature flue gas; The air inlet of the temperature control dust removal device is connected to the exhaust port of the heating device, and the spray head in the temperature control dust removal device is connected to a medium liquid storage tank for supplying low temperature medium; The air inlet of the condensing device is connected with the air outlet of the temperature control and dedusting device, the oil outlet of the condensing device is connected with the oil inlet of the liquid phase separation device, and the exhaust port of the condensing device is connected with the The flue gas inlet of the heating device is connected; The discharge port of the temperature control and dedusting device is connected to the feed port of the solid-liquid separation device, and the slag discharge port of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the feed port of the heating device. 6. The advanced treatment system for oily waste according to claim 5, characterized in that the feeding port of the heating device is connected with a pretreatment device, and the pretreatment device is provided with a sorting screen. 7. The advanced treatment system for oily waste according to claim 5, characterized in that a gas purification device is installed between the exhaust port of the condensing device and the flue gas inlet of the heating device.