CN106006869A - Capacitance desalter provided with cross diversion pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes, which comprises two single-capacitance desalting mechanisms (1) arranged in parallel and in parallel, and each capacitive desalting mechanism (1) is provided with a relatively parallel set on the rear side The separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2) composed of the long electrode (3) and the porous electrode (4) is provided with cross-set ion guide tubes ( 5) Introduce the enriched and oppositely charged solution in the capacitive desalination mechanism (1) into the corresponding separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2), so that the low-salt water flows out through the low-salt water outlet area (6) and enriches The high-concentration ionized water at the long electrode (3) flows out through the high-salt water outlet area (7) formed by the long electrode (3) and the porous electrode (4). The invention makes the separation effect of anion and cation in high salt water free from turbulent flow disturbance, and the crossed ion guide tube further improves the efficiency, and is easy to use and maintain.

Description

Capacitive desalination unit with cross-drain tubes

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of desalination, in particular to a capacitance desalination device with cross-drainage tubes which uses capacitance technology to treat high-salt wastewater and has the characteristics of high efficiency and easy maintenance.

Background technique

Capacitive desalination is to let the brine flow through a pipeline with a pair of flat porous electrodes (mostly carbon electrodes) with voltage applied on both sides. Significantly reduced technology, with the characteristics of simple structure and easy maintenance. The reason for using a porous electrode is to prevent inefficiency due to turbulent disturbances that would carry away ions enriched near the electrode. There is also a way to further improve the efficiency by adding a layer of anion and cation exchange membranes to the cathode and anode respectively. However, these methods have their own problems. After the electrode pores of the porous electrode are saturated, they cannot absorb more ions, causing the device to lose its desalination function, and a reverse voltage needs to be applied for elution to regenerate the electrode. So the device cannot work continuously. In actual use, it is necessary to connect multiple devices in parallel and regulate the voltage in real time. Seriously restrict the use of this technology. Although the use of the membrane has brought about an increase in efficiency, it has also brought about an increase in cost and difficulties in maintenance.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and provide a capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes that uses capacitive technology to treat high-salt wastewater and has the characteristics of high efficiency and easy maintenance.

The purpose of the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

A capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes, comprising two single-capacitance desalination mechanisms arranged in parallel and in parallel, characterized in that: the rear side of each capacitive desalination mechanism is provided with a relatively long electrode and a porous electrode arranged in parallel The separated capacitive desalting mechanism is equipped with an ion guide tube arranged crosswise between the capacitive desalting mechanism and the separated capacitive desalting mechanism to guide the solution enriched in the opposite electrical property in the capacitive desalting mechanism into the corresponding separated capacitive desalting In the mechanism, the current limiting through the porous electrodes prevents the turbulent flow in the capacitive desalination mechanism from destroying the ion separation effect, so that the low-salt water enters the area between them through the porous electrodes and flows out through the low-salt water outlet area to enrich The high-concentration ionized water at the long electrode is collected and mixed to form high-salt effluent, which flows out through the high-salt effluent area formed by the long electrode and the porous electrode.

The long electrode includes a first long electrode and a second long electrode, the front part of the first long electrode and the corresponding first short electrode form a single capacitance desalination mechanism, the front part of the second long electrode and the corresponding The second short electrode constitutes another single-capacitor desalination mechanism, and the above-mentioned two single-capacitor desalination mechanisms also constitute the front stage of the capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes.

The porous electrode includes a first porous electrode and a second porous electrode, the first porous electrode and the corresponding rear portion of the first long electrode form a separate capacitive desalination mechanism, the second porous electrode and the corresponding The rear portion of the corresponding second long electrode constitutes another separated capacitive desalination mechanism, and two parallel and parallel separated capacitive desalination mechanisms constitute the rear stage of the capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes.

The distance between the front portion of the first long electrode and the corresponding first short electrode is smaller than the distance between the first porous electrode and the rear portion of the first long electrode corresponding thereto; and the second long electrode The distance between the front part of the porous electrode and the corresponding second short electrode is smaller than the distance between the second porous electrode and the rear part of the second long electrode corresponding thereto.

The first porous electrode and the corresponding rear part of the first long electrode form a high-salt water outlet area, and the second porous electrode and the corresponding rear part of the second long electrode form a high-salt water outlet area; The area between the first porous electrode and the second porous electrode constitutes a low-salt water outlet area.

The front part of the first long electrode and the corresponding first short electrode constitute the tail end of the area formed by the ion guide tube and the second porous electrode and the rear part of the corresponding second long electrode. Connected with the capacitive desalination mechanism; the front part of the second long electrode and the corresponding second short electrode constitute the tail end of the area formed by the ion guide tube and the first porous electrode and the rear part of the corresponding first long electrode Another separate capacitive desalination mechanism is connected.

The ratio of the length of the first long electrode to the first short electrode is 2-4, and the ratio of the length of the first long electrode to the first porous electrode is 1.5-2.

Apply between the first long electrode and the first short electrode, or the first long electrode and the first porous electrode, or the second long electrode and the second short electrode, or the second long electrode and the second porous electrode The voltage of the constant voltage electric field is 0.5-10 volts, and the electric field intensity in the high-salt area is greater than that in the low-salt area.

The porosity of the porous electrode is improved by spraying or soaking the anion-cation exchange polymer material.

All electrodes in the single capacitor desalination mechanism and the separated capacitor desalination mechanism are made of inert materials.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

In the present invention, two corresponding separate capacitive desalting mechanisms are added behind two parallel capacitive desalting mechanisms, and the solution enriched in the opposite electrical property at the end of the capacitive desalting mechanism is introduced into the corresponding one through the ion guide tube. In the separated capacitive desalination mechanism, the current limiting through the porous electrodes avoids the damage of the ion separation effect caused by the turbulent flow in the capacitive desalination mechanism, so that the low-salt water enters the area between them through the porous electrodes and flows out through the low-salt water outlet area , while the high-concentration ionic water enriched at the long electrode is collected and mixed to form high-salt effluent, which flows out through the high-salt effluent area formed by the long electrode and the porous electrode; After enrichment at both ends, turbulent disturbances are easily formed due to the large flow and fast flow of wastewater to break the state of separate enrichment of anions and cations, which can effectively limit the generation of turbulence. At the same time, by applying a suitable potential on the porous electrode, it can further To improve the separation effect, the desalination conditions can be optimized to achieve the best desalination effect by adjusting the flow ratio of the high and low brine outlet areas.

The present invention replaces the dialysis tanks with multiple pairs of anion and cation exchange membranes arranged in parallel by the capacitive design with porous electrodes. The problem of complex structure, difficult maintenance, and difficult maintenance also avoids the problems of discontinuity and low efficiency of desalination caused by the need to periodically reverse the direction of the electric field to elute the electrodes of the existing porous electrode capacitive desalination device, and because of the multiple pairs of electrodes Compared with a single pair of electrodes, the efficiency can be significantly improved; the addition of porous electrodes effectively avoids the destruction of ion separation caused by turbulent flow, and the configuration of multiple electrodes further improves the separation effect. The device has no moving components and is simple in structure. Cleaning and maintenance, the separation and enrichment efficiency of ions is significantly improved through the setting of guiding cross pipelines, the continuous elution of electrodes makes the whole desalination process continuous, and online desalination is possible without complicated control devices; therefore, the four The efficiency, ease of use, and ease of maintenance of the electrode capacitive desalination device have been significantly improved, effectively improving the application prospects of capacitive desalination technology, and suitable for popularization and use.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure diagram of the capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tube of the present invention.

Among them: 1—capacitor desalination mechanism; 2—separated capacitor desalination mechanism; 3—long electrode; 31—first long electrode; 32—second long electrode; 4—porous electrode; 41—first porous electrode; 42— The second porous electrode; 5—the ion guide tube; 6—the low-salt water outlet area; 7—the high-salt water outlet area; 8—the first short electrode; 9—the second short electrode.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1: a capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes, including two single-capacitance desalination mechanisms 1 arranged in parallel and in parallel, and the rear side of each capacitive desalination mechanism 1 is provided with relatively long electrodes arranged in parallel 3 and the porous electrode 4 constitute the separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2, and the ion conduction tube 5 arranged crosswise is arranged between the capacitive desalination mechanism 1 and the separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2 to enrich the opposite electrical conductivity in the capacitive desalination mechanism 1. The solution is introduced into the corresponding separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2, and then the current limiting through the porous electrode 4 avoids the damage of the turbulent flow in the capacitive desalination mechanism 1 to the ion separation effect, so that the low salt water enters through the porous electrode 4 respectively. The area between them flows out through the low-salt outlet area 6, while the high-concentration ionized water enriched at the long electrode 3 is collected and mixed to form high-salt outlet water, which flows out through the high-salt outlet area 7 formed by the long electrode 3 and the porous electrode 4 . In addition, all electrodes in the single-capacitor desalination mechanism 1 and the separated capacitor desalination mechanism 2 are made of inert materials; and the porous electrode 4 is sprayed or soaked with anion-cation exchange polymer materials to improve performance.

On the basis of the above mechanism, the long electrode 3 includes a first long electrode 31 and a second long electrode 32. The front part of the first long electrode 31 and the corresponding first short electrode 8 form a single capacitor desalination mechanism 1. The front part of the two long electrodes 32 and the corresponding second short electrode 9 form another single capacitor desalination mechanism 1, and the above two single capacitor desalination mechanisms 1 also constitute the front stage of the capacitor desalination device with cross-drain tubes; And the porous electrode 4 comprises a first porous electrode 41 and a second porous electrode 42, and the rear portion of the first porous electrode 41 and the first long electrode 31 corresponding thereto forms a separate capacitive desalination mechanism 2, and the second porous electrode 41 The hole electrode 42 and the rear portion of the corresponding second long electrode 32 constitute another separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2, and two parallel and parallel separated capacitive desalination mechanisms 2 constitute the capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes. rear stage; in addition, the distance between the front portion of the first long electrode 31 and the corresponding first short electrode 8 is smaller than the distance between the first porous electrode 41 and the rear portion of the corresponding first long electrode 31 , and the distance between the front part of the second long electrode 32 and the corresponding second short electrode 9 is smaller than the distance between the second porous electrode 42 and the rear part of the second long electrode 32 corresponding thereto. The rear portion of the first porous electrode 41 and the corresponding first long electrode 31 constitutes a high-salt water outlet area 7, and the second porous electrode 42 and the rear portion of the corresponding second long electrode 32 constitute a high-salt water outlet area 7. The area between the first porous electrode 41 and the second porous electrode 42 constitutes the low-salt water outlet area 6; the front part of the first long electrode 31 and the tail end of the area formed by the corresponding first short electrode 8 pass through The ion guide tube 5 communicates with the separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2 formed by the second porous electrode 42 and the rear part of the second long electrode 32 corresponding thereto, and the front part of the second long electrode 32 is connected with the second long electrode corresponding thereto. The tail end of the area formed by the short electrode 9 communicates with another separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2 formed by the first porous electrode 41 and the rear part of the corresponding first long electrode 31 through the ion guide tube 5 . The ratio of the length of the first long electrode 31 and the first short electrode 8 is 2-4, and the ratio of the length of the first long electrode 31 and the first porous electrode 41 is 1.5-2; A short electrode 8, or the first long electrode 31 and the first porous electrode 41, or the second long electrode 32 and the second short electrode 9, or the constant applied between the second long electrode 32 and the second porous electrode 42 The voltage of the piezoelectric field is 0.5-10 volts, and the electric field intensity in the high-salt area is greater than that in the low-salt area.

When the capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes of the present invention is used, the voltage of the constant-voltage electric field applied between the electrodes is 0.5-10 volts, and the electric field intensity in the high-salt area is greater than that in the low-salt area. After the high-salt water to be treated enters the front stage of the device through the water inlet pipe, anion and cation separation occurs under the electric field. The two parallel front stages respectively have an ion guide tube connected to the corresponding rear stage, which will respectively enrich the opposite electrical The solution is introduced into the rear stage of the other party, thereby enhancing the separation effect. The presence of the rear-stage porous electrode 4, the porous electrode 4 confines the ions near the rear of the corresponding first long electrode 31 or the rear of the second long electrode 32 and is exported from the corresponding high-salt water outlet area 7, containing a lower concentration Ionized water passes through the porous electrode 4 to form low-salt water, which is exported by the low-salt water outlet area 7 . Due to the small electrode spacing and large voltage difference of the capacitive desalination mechanism 1, the electric field strength is high, which has a good confinement effect on ions. By adjusting the flow ratio of the high and low brine water outlet areas, the desalination conditions can be optimized to achieve the best desalination effect. In the above structure, in order to further improve the processing efficiency and according to the actual use conditions and requirements, the pore size of the porous electrode 4 is determined to be between tens of microns and several millimeters, and the porous electrode 4 can also be soaked in the anion and cation membrane if necessary The polymerization reaction is initiated in the polymer raw material, and ion exchange particles are formed in the porous cavity to improve the separation effect.

In the present invention, two corresponding separate capacitive desalination mechanisms are added behind the two parallel capacitive desalination mechanisms, and the solution enriched in the opposite electrical property at the tail end of the capacitive desalination mechanism 1 is introduced into the corresponding ion guide tube. In the separated capacitive desalination mechanism 2, the current limiting through the porous electrode 4 prevents the turbulent flow in the capacitive desalination mechanism 1 from destroying the ion separation effect, so that the low-salt water enters the area between them through the porous electrode 4 respectively. The low-salt effluent area 6 flows out, while the high-concentration ionized water enriched at the long electrode 3 is collected and mixed to form high-salt effluent and flows out through the high-salt effluent area 7 formed by the long electrode 3 and the porous electrode 4; the arrangement of the above structure avoids After the anions and cations are attracted by the parallel anode and cathode respectively and enriched at both ends, turbulent disturbances are easily formed due to the large flow and fast flow of wastewater to break the state of the enrichment of anions and cations respectively, which can effectively limit the generation of turbulence. Applying an appropriate potential to the porous electrode 4 can further improve the separation effect, and by adjusting the flow ratio of the high and low brine outlet areas, the desalination conditions can be optimized to achieve the best desalination effect.

The present invention replaces the dialysis tanks with multiple pairs of anion and cation exchange membranes arranged in parallel through the capacitive design with porous electrodes 4, and avoids the disadvantages of high cost, easy damage and difficult maintenance of the membrane method and the membrane electrodialysis tank by canceling the ion exchange membranes. It also avoids the problems of discontinuity and low efficiency of desalination caused by the need to periodically reverse the direction of the electric field to elute the electrodes of the existing porous electrode capacitive desalination device, and because multiple pairs of electrodes Compared with a single pair of electrodes, the efficiency can be significantly improved; the addition of porous electrodes 4 effectively avoids the destruction of ion separation caused by turbulent flow, and the configuration of multiple electrodes further improves the separation effect. The device has no moving components and structure It is simple and easy to clean and maintain, and the ion separation and enrichment efficiency is significantly improved through the setting of the guiding cross pipeline. The continuous elution of the electrode makes the whole desalination process continuous, and it can be desalted online without complex control devices; therefore The efficiency, ease of use, and ease of maintenance of the four-electrode capacitive desalination device have been significantly improved, effectively improving the application prospect of the capacitive desalination technology, and suitable for popularization and use.

The above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and can not limit the protection scope of the present invention with this. All technical ideas proposed in accordance with the present invention, any changes made on the basis of technical solutions, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In; technologies not involved in the present invention can be realized by existing technologies.

Claims (10)

1. A capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes, comprising two single-capacitor desalination mechanisms (1) arranged in parallel and in parallel, characterized in that each capacitive desalination mechanism (1) is equipped with relatively parallel The separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2) composed of the long electrode (3) and the porous electrode (4) is provided with cross-set ion conduction between the capacitive desalination mechanism (1) and the separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2) The tube (5) introduces the solution enriched in the opposite electrical property in the capacitive desalination mechanism (1) into the corresponding separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2), and then the capacitive desalination is avoided by the current limiting of the porous electrode (4). The turbulent flow in the mechanism (1) destroys the ion separation effect, so that the low-salt water enters the area between them through the porous electrodes (4) and flows out through the low-salt water outlet area (6), and is enriched in the long electrode (3) The high-concentration ionized water at the place is collected and mixed to form high-salt effluent, which flows out through the high-salt effluent area (7) formed by the long electrode (3) and the porous electrode (4). 2. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long electrodes (3) include a first long electrode (31) and a second long electrode (32), the first The front part of the long electrode (31) and the corresponding first short electrode (8) form a single capacitor desalination mechanism (1), and the front part of the second long electrode (32) and the corresponding second short electrode ( 9) Constitute another single-capacitor desalination mechanism (1), and the above-mentioned two single-capacitor desalination mechanisms (1) also constitute the front stage of the capacitor desalination device with cross-drain tubes. 3. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 2, characterized in that: the porous electrode (4) comprises a first porous electrode (41) and a second porous electrode (42), The rear part of the first porous electrode (41) and the corresponding first long electrode (31) constitutes a separate capacitive desalination mechanism (2), the second porous electrode (42) and the corresponding second long electrode The rear part of the electrode (32) constitutes another separated capacitive desalting mechanism (2), and two separated capacitive desalting mechanisms (2) arranged in parallel and in parallel constitute the rear stage of the capacitive desalting device with cross-drain tubes. 4. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the front part of the first long electrode (31) and the corresponding first short electrode (8) The spacing is smaller than the spacing between the first porous electrode (41) and the corresponding rear part of the first long electrode (31); and the front part of the second long electrode (32) and the corresponding second short electrode The distance between (9) is smaller than the distance between the second porous electrode (42) and the rear part of the corresponding second long electrode (32). 5. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the rear part of the first porous electrode (41) and the corresponding first long electrode (31) constitutes The high-salt water outlet area (7), and the rear part of the second porous electrode (42) and the corresponding second long electrode (32) constitute the high-salt water outlet area (7); the first porous electrode (41) and The area between the second porous electrodes (42) forms a low-salt water outlet area (6). 6. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: the front part of the first long electrode (31) and the corresponding first short electrode ( 8) The tail end of the formed area communicates with the separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2) formed by the rear part of the second porous electrode (42) and the corresponding second long electrode (32) through the ion guide tube (5) ; The front part of the second long electrode (32) and the corresponding second short electrode (9) form the tail end of the region through the ion guide tube (5) and the first porous electrode (41) and the corresponding The rear part of the first long electrode (31) is connected to another separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2). 7. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ratio of the length of the first long electrode (31) to the first short electrode (8) is 2-4, And the length ratio of the first long electrode (31) to the first porous electrode (41) is 1.5-2. 8. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first long electrode (31) and the first short electrode (8), or the first long electrode (31) and the constant voltage applied between the first porous electrode (41), or the second long electrode (32) and the second short electrode (9), or the second long electrode (32) and the second porous electrode (42) The voltage of the electric field is 0.5-10 volts. 9. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pores of the porous electrode (4) are sprayed or soaked with anion-cation exchange polymer materials to improve performance. 10. The capacitive desalination device with cross-drain tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: all electrodes in the single-capacitor desalination mechanism (1) and the separated capacitive desalination mechanism (2) are made of inert materials become.