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CN105912460A - Software test method and system based on QTP - Google Patents

Software test method and system based on QTP Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105912460A
CN105912460A CN201610203852.XA CN201610203852A CN105912460A CN 105912460 A CN105912460 A CN 105912460A CN 201610203852 A CN201610203852 A CN 201610203852A CN 105912460 A CN105912460 A CN 105912460A
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target
qtp
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连双
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IEIT Systems Co Ltd
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Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Prevention of errors by analysis, debugging or testing of software
    • G06F11/3668Testing of software
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3688Test management for test execution, e.g. scheduling of test suites
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Prevention of errors by analysis, debugging or testing of software
    • G06F11/3668Testing of software
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/368Test management for test version control, e.g. updating test cases to a new software version

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a software test method and system based on QTP. The method comprises running a test script corresponding to an interface to be tested in a test script library; calling an object identification function in a function library and recognizing at least one test objects included in the test interface; determining at least one target test object based on at least one test object; storing at least one test object to a keyword table and configuring operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object in the keyword table; reading the keyword table and utilizing operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table to carry out an automatic test to each target test object. According to the scheme, software testing efficiency can be increased.

Description

一种基于QTP的软件测试方法及系统A software testing method and system based on QTP

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及软件测试技术领域,特别涉及一种基于QTP的软件测试方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of software testing, in particular to a QTP-based software testing method and system.

背景技术Background technique

随着软件技术和编码技术的巨大发展,软件设计和编码的效率越来越高。其中,软件测试时软件工程中的重要环节,它直接关系到软件的质量、开发进度和成本。With the tremendous development of software technology and coding technology, the efficiency of software design and coding is getting higher and higher. Among them, software testing is an important link in software engineering, which is directly related to software quality, development progress and cost.

目前,软件测试一般会针对测试对象编写相应的测试脚本,利用该测试脚本对测试对象进行测试。At present, software testing generally writes a corresponding test script for a test object, and uses the test script to test the test object.

然而,传统的软件测试方法,在测试对象发生变化之后,需要重新针对变化后的测试对象编写测试脚本,影响软件测试的效率。However, in traditional software testing methods, after the test object changes, test scripts need to be rewritten for the changed test object, which affects the efficiency of software testing.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明实施例提供了一种基于QTP的软件测试方法及系统,以实现软件测试。The embodiment of the present invention provides a QTP-based software testing method and system to realize software testing.

第一方面,本发明实施例通过了一种基于QTP的软件测试方法,应用于QTP测试系统,所述QTP测试系统包括:测试脚本库和函数库,所述方法包括:In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a QTP-based software testing method, which is applied to a QTP testing system, and the QTP testing system includes: a test script library and a function library, and the method includes:

运行所述测试脚本库中与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本;Running the test script corresponding to the tested interface in the test script library;

调用所述函数库中的对象识别函数,识别所述被测试界面所包括的至少一个测试对象;calling an object identification function in the function library to identify at least one test object included in the tested interface;

根据所述至少一个测试对象,确定待测试的至少一个目标测试对象;determining at least one target test object to be tested based on the at least one test object;

将所述至少一个目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,并在所述关键字表格中配置与每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数;storing the at least one target test object in a keyword table, and configuring operations and parameters corresponding to each target test object in the keyword table;

读取所述关键字表格,利用所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The keyword table is read, and the operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table are used to perform automated testing on the corresponding target test object.

优选地,所述QTP测试系统进一步包括:测试数据库,所述测试数据库中包括分别对应不同测试用例的数据表格,每一个数据表格中存储有相应测试用例对应的多个测试数据;Preferably, the QTP test system further includes: a test database, the test database includes data tables corresponding to different test cases, each data table stores a plurality of test data corresponding to the corresponding test cases;

所述利用所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试,包括:针对所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的参数,确定相应的目标测试用例;并根据所述目标测试用例在所述测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格;逐个读取所述目标数据表格中的测试数据,并利用相应的操作对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The use of the operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table to perform automated testing on the corresponding target test object includes: for each target test object configured in the keyword table parameters, determine the corresponding target test case; and search the corresponding target data table in the test database according to the target test case; read the test data in the target data table one by one, and use the corresponding operation to the corresponding target Test objects for automated testing.

优选地,所述QTP测试系统进一步包括:配置文件库,包括多个对应于不同测试环境的配置文件;Preferably, the QTP test system further includes: a configuration file library, including a plurality of configuration files corresponding to different test environments;

所述运行所述测试脚本库中与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本,包括:根据所述被测试界面的测试环境,在所述配置文件库中查找相应的目标配置文件;根据所述目标配置文件确定与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本的第一路径,根据所述第一路径调用该与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本;Said running the test script corresponding to the interface to be tested in the test script library includes: searching for the corresponding target configuration file in the configuration file library according to the test environment of the tested interface; The file determines a first path of a test script corresponding to the tested interface, and calls the test script corresponding to the tested interface according to the first path;

所述根据所述目标测试用例在所述测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格,包括:根据所述目标配置文件确定所述目标测试用例的第二路径,根据所述第二路径获取所述目标数据表格。The searching the corresponding target data table in the test database according to the target test case includes: determining the second path of the target test case according to the target configuration file, and obtaining the target according to the second path data table.

优选地,所述QTP测试系统进一步包括:对象库;Preferably, the QTP test system further includes: an object library;

进一步包括:将识别的所述至少一个测试对象存储到所述对象库中,并确定所述至少一个测试对象中每一个测试对象被调用的次数,将被调用次数大于设定阈值的测试对象设置为共享模式,将被调用次数不大于所述设定阈值的测试对象设置为本地模式。It further includes: storing the identified at least one test object in the object library, determining the number of times each test object in the at least one test object is called, and setting For the shared mode, set the test objects whose calling times are not greater than the set threshold to the local mode.

优选地,进一步包括:根据测试需求设定日志格式和报告格式;Preferably, it further includes: setting log format and report format according to test requirements;

进一步包括:在自动化测试过程中,按照设定的日志格式和报告格式生成相应的测试日志和缺陷报告。It further includes: during the automated testing process, generating corresponding test logs and defect reports according to the set log format and report format.

第二方面,本发明实施例提供了一种QTP测试系统,包括:In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a QTP testing system, including:

测试脚本库和函数库;Test script library and function library;

驱动模块,用于运行所述测试脚本库中与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本,并调用所述函数库中的对象识别函数,识别所述被测试界面所包括的至少一个测试对象;a driving module, configured to run a test script corresponding to the tested interface in the test script library, and call an object identification function in the function library to identify at least one test object included in the tested interface;

关键字表格,用于存储确定的待测试的至少一个目标测试对象,以及每一个目标测试对象对应的操作和参数;A keyword table, used to store at least one determined target test object to be tested, and operations and parameters corresponding to each target test object;

QTP测试工具,用于读取所述关键字表格,利用关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The QTP testing tool is used to read the keyword table, and use the operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table to perform automated testing on the corresponding target test object.

优选地,进一步包括:测试数据库,所述测试数据库中包括分别对应不同测试用例的数据表格,每一个数据表格中存储有相应测试用例对应的多个测试数据;Preferably, it further includes: a test database, the test database includes data tables corresponding to different test cases, each data table stores a plurality of test data corresponding to the corresponding test case;

所述QTP测试工具,具体用于针对所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的参数,确定相应的目标测试用例;并根据所述目标测试用例在所述测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格;逐个读取所述目标数据表格中的测试数据,并利用相应的操作对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The QTP test tool is specifically used to determine the corresponding target test case for the parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table; and search for the corresponding target test case in the test database according to the target test case. the target data table; read the test data in the target data table one by one, and use corresponding operations to perform automated tests on the corresponding target test objects.

优选地,进一步包括:配置文件库,包括多个对应于不同测试环境的配置文件;Preferably, further comprising: a configuration file library, including a plurality of configuration files corresponding to different test environments;

所述驱动模块,具体用于根据所述被测试界面的测试环境,在所述配置文件库中查找相应的目标配置文件;根据所述目标配置文件确定与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本的第一路径,根据所述第一路径调用该与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本;The drive module is specifically configured to search for a corresponding target configuration file in the configuration file library according to the test environment of the tested interface; determine a test script corresponding to the tested interface according to the target configuration file The first path, calling the test script corresponding to the interface to be tested according to the first path;

所述QTP测试工具,具体用于根据所述目标配置文件确定所述目标测试用例的第二路径,根据所述第二路径获取所述目标数据表格。The QTP testing tool is specifically configured to determine a second path of the target test case according to the target configuration file, and obtain the target data table according to the second path.

优选地,进一步包括:对象库;Preferably, further comprising: an object library;

所述对象库,用于存储识别的所述至少一个测试对象,并根据所述至少一个测试对象中每一个测试对象被调用的次数,将被调用次数大于设定阈值的测试对象设置为共享模式,将被调用次数不大于所述设定阈值的测试对象设置为本地模式。The object library is used to store the identified at least one test object, and according to the number of times each test object in the at least one test object is called, set the test object whose number of calls is greater than a set threshold to a shared mode , setting the test objects whose calling times are not greater than the set threshold to the local mode.

优选地,进一步包括:日志记录模块,用于根据测试需求设定日志格式和报告格式,并在所述QTP测试工具的自动化测试过程中,按照设定的日志格式和报告格式生成相应的测试日志和缺陷报告。Preferably, it further includes: a logging module, configured to set log formats and report formats according to test requirements, and generate corresponding test logs according to the set log formats and report formats during the automated testing process of the QTP test tool and bug reports.

本发明实施例提供了一种基于QTP的软件测试方法及系统,在对被测试界面进行测试时,只需将所需测试的目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,在该关键字表格中设置每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数,利用该设置的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试即可,无需对待测试界面中所有识别出的测试对象进行测试,从而可以提高软件测试的效率。The embodiment of the present invention provides a software testing method and system based on QTP. When testing the interface to be tested, only the target test object to be tested needs to be stored in the keyword table, and set in the keyword table. The operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object can be automatically tested by using the set operation and parameters on the corresponding target test object, and there is no need to test all the identified test objects in the test interface, so that the software testing can be improved. efficiency.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1是本发明一个实施例提供的一种方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a kind of method flowchart provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明一个实施例提供的另一种方法流程图;Fig. 2 is another method flowchart provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明一个实施例提供的系统结构图。Fig. 3 is a system structure diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection of the present invention. scope.

如图1所示,本发明实施例提供了一种基于QTP的软件测试方法,应用于QTP测试系统,所述QTP测试系统包括:测试脚本库和函数库,该方法可以包括以下步骤:As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of software testing method based on QTP, is applied to QTP test system, and described QTP test system comprises: test script storehouse and function storehouse, and this method can comprise the following steps:

步骤101:运行所述测试脚本库中与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本;Step 101: Run the test script corresponding to the tested interface in the test script library;

步骤102:调用所述函数库中的对象识别函数,识别所述被测试界面所包括的至少一个测试对象;Step 102: calling an object identification function in the function library to identify at least one test object included in the tested interface;

步骤103:根据所述至少一个测试对象,确定待测试的至少一个目标测试对象;Step 103: Determine at least one target test object to be tested according to the at least one test object;

步骤104:将所述至少一个目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,并在所述关键字表格中配置与每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数;Step 104: storing the at least one target test object in a keyword table, and configuring operations and parameters corresponding to each target test object in the keyword table;

步骤105:读取所述关键字表格,利用所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。Step 105: Read the keyword table, and use the operations and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table to perform automated testing on the corresponding target test object.

根据上述方案,在对被测试界面进行测试时,只需将所需测试的目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,在该关键字表格中设置每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数,利用该设置的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试即可,无需对待测试界面中所有识别出的测试对象进行测试,从而可以提高软件测试的效率。According to the above scheme, when testing the interface to be tested, it is only necessary to store the target test object to be tested in the keyword table, set the operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object in the keyword table, and use The operation and parameters of this setting can be used for automatic testing of the corresponding target test objects, and it is not necessary to test all the identified test objects in the interface to be tested, so that the efficiency of software testing can be improved.

在本发明一个实施例中,对于测试对象的测试需要利用测试用例来实现,一个测试用例可以包括多个测试数据,存储测试数据的数据表格其格式可以包括多种,例如,XML、Excel、DataBase,每一种格式都有不同的获取方式。因此,该QTP测试系统进一步包括:测试数据库,所述测试数据库中包括分别对应不同测试用例的数据表格,每一个数据表格中存储有相应测试用例对应的多个测试数据;In one embodiment of the present invention, the test for the test object needs to be realized by using a test case. A test case can include a plurality of test data, and its format of the data table storing the test data can include multiple, for example, XML, Excel, DataBase , each format has a different way to get it. Therefore, this QTP test system further includes: a test database, including data tables corresponding to different test cases respectively in the test database, and storing a plurality of test data corresponding to the corresponding test cases in each data table;

所述利用所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试,包括:针对所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的参数,确定相应的目标测试用例;并根据所述目标测试用例在所述测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格;逐个读取所述目标数据表格中的测试数据,并利用相应的操作对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The use of the operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table to perform automated testing on the corresponding target test object includes: for each target test object configured in the keyword table parameters, determine the corresponding target test case; and search the corresponding target data table in the test database according to the target test case; read the test data in the target data table one by one, and use the corresponding operation to the corresponding target Test objects for automated testing.

在本发明一个实施例中,由于该QTP测试系统可以对不同的测试环境下的待测试界面实现软件测试,该实现方式可以针对不同的测试环境设置不同的配置文件,因此,该QTP测试系统可以进一步包括:配置文件库,包括多个对应于不同测试环境的配置文件;In one embodiment of the present invention, because this QTP test system can realize software testing to the interface to be tested under different test environments, this implementation can set different configuration files for different test environments, therefore, this QTP test system can Further comprising: a configuration file library, including a plurality of configuration files corresponding to different test environments;

所述运行所述测试脚本库中与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本,包括:根据所述被测试界面的测试环境,在所述配置文件库中查找相应的目标配置文件;根据所述目标配置文件确定与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本的第一路径,根据所述第一路径调用该与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本;Said running the test script corresponding to the interface to be tested in the test script library includes: searching for the corresponding target configuration file in the configuration file library according to the test environment of the tested interface; The file determines a first path of a test script corresponding to the tested interface, and calls the test script corresponding to the tested interface according to the first path;

所述根据所述目标测试用例在所述测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格,包括:根据所述目标配置文件确定所述目标测试用例的第二路径,根据所述第二路径获取所述目标数据表格。The searching the corresponding target data table in the test database according to the target test case includes: determining the second path of the target test case according to the target configuration file, and obtaining the target according to the second path data table.

根据上述实施例,通过利用配置存储测试脚本和测试用例的路径,驱动模块和QTP测试工具可以直接通过该路径调用相应的测试脚本和测试用例,实现对待测试界面中所需测试的目标测试对象进行测试。According to the above-mentioned embodiment, by utilizing the path of configuring the storage test script and the test case, the driver module and the QTP test tool can directly call the corresponding test script and the test case through the path, so as to realize the target test object to be tested in the interface to be tested. test.

在本发明一个实施例中,为了实现对测试对象的测试,该QTP测试系统进一步包括:对象库;In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to realize the test to test object, this QTP test system further comprises: object storehouse;

进一步包括:将识别的所述至少一个测试对象存储到所述对象库中,并确定所述至少一个测试对象中每一个测试对象被调用的次数,将被调用次数大于设定阈值的测试对象设置为共享模式,将被调用次数不大于所述设定阈值的测试对象设置为本地模式。It further includes: storing the identified at least one test object in the object library, determining the number of times each test object in the at least one test object is called, and setting For the shared mode, set the test objects whose calling times are not greater than the set threshold to the local mode.

根据上述实施例中,通过在对象库中根据测试对象被调用的次数,实现对测试对象的共享模式或本地模式的设定,可以使得在利用该QTP测试系统进行后续的待测试界面的升级过程中,对于升级的测试界面中所保留功能对应的测试对象可以直接在对象库中的共享模式下的测试对象进行调用,或者在对共享模式下的测试对象调用后进行适应的修改,从而可以提高测试界面的升级效率,以及降低对测试对象的维护成本。According to the above-mentioned embodiment, by the number of times that the test object is called in the object library, the setting of the shared mode or the local mode of the test object can be realized, which can make use of the QTP test system to carry out the subsequent upgrade process of the interface to be tested In the upgraded test interface, the test objects corresponding to the functions reserved in the upgraded test interface can be directly called from the test objects in the shared mode in the object library, or be modified after calling the test objects in the shared mode, so as to improve The upgrade efficiency of the test interface and reduce the maintenance cost of the test object.

在本发明一个实施例中,在对目标测试对象进行自动化测试之前,先开启日志记录,记录下每一步操作的时间、测试用例的运行步骤、测试数据的使用、测试中的错误和异常情况。由于QTP测试工具自带的日志报告测试结果比较单一,对于大批量的测试执行,测试人员无法得到完整测试用例的运行结果,查找某个测试用例结果效率较低。因此,可以进一步包括:根据测试需求设定日志格式和报告格式;进一步包括:在自动化测试过程中,按照设定的日志格式和报告格式生成相应的测试日志和缺陷报告。In one embodiment of the present invention, before the automated test is performed on the target test object, the log record is first opened to record the time of each operation, the operation steps of the test case, the use of test data, errors and abnormal conditions in the test. Since the log report test results that come with the QTP test tool are relatively simple, for large-scale test execution, testers cannot obtain the running results of complete test cases, and the efficiency of finding a test case result is low. Therefore, it may further include: setting the log format and report format according to the test requirements; further including: generating corresponding test logs and defect reports according to the set log format and report format during the automated testing process.

为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步地详细描述。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

如图2所示,本发明实施例提供了一种基于QTP的软件测试方法,该方法可以包括以下步骤:As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of software testing method based on QTP, and this method can comprise the following steps:

步骤201:构建QTP测试系统。Step 201: Build a QTP test system.

请参考图3,该QTP测试系统可以包括:驱动层(驱动模块和QTP测试工具)、测试脚本库、函数库、测试数据库、对象库、配置文件库、日志库和缺陷报告库。Please refer to Fig. 3, the QTP test system may include: a driver layer (driver module and QTP test tool), a test script library, a function library, a test database, an object library, a configuration file library, a log library and a defect report library.

步骤202:确定被测试界面。Step 202: Determine the interface to be tested.

在本实施例中,被测试界面一般是针对一些功能开发完成的应用平台,在该应用平台开发完成后,需要验证应用平台是否可以正常实现相应功能,因此,可以利用本实施例的QTP测试系统来进行验证。In this embodiment, the interface to be tested is generally an application platform developed for some functions. After the development of the application platform is completed, it is necessary to verify whether the application platform can normally implement the corresponding functions. Therefore, the QTP test system of this embodiment can be used to verify.

步骤203:根据被测试界面的测试环境,在配置文件库中查找与该被测试界面的测试环境相对应的目标配置文件。Step 203: According to the test environment of the interface to be tested, search for a target configuration file corresponding to the test environment of the interface to be tested in the configuration file library.

配置文件库,包括多个对应于不同测试环境的配置文件。Configuration file library, including multiple configuration files corresponding to different test environments.

其中,该测试环境可以包括:被测试界面的操作系统、浏览器配置等。Wherein, the test environment may include: the operating system and browser configuration of the interface to be tested.

其中,该配置文件可以包括:QTP测试工具的初始化设置、操作系统、浏览器配置要求、数据库的实例和密码、测试用例的存放路径、测试脚本的存放路径等信息。Wherein, the configuration file may include information such as initial settings of the QTP test tool, operating system, browser configuration requirements, database instance and password, test case storage path, and test script storage path.

配置文件主要是为了设置测试配置环境,由xml文件构成,在配置文件库中可以以“数据=Environment”的形式表现。The configuration file is mainly for setting the test configuration environment, which is composed of an xml file and can be expressed in the form of "data=Environment" in the configuration file library.

步骤204:驱动模块根据目标配置文件确定与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本的路径,根据该路径调用该与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本。Step 204: The driving module determines the path of the test script corresponding to the tested interface according to the target configuration file, and calls the test script corresponding to the tested interface according to the path.

由于配置文件中包括测试脚本的存放路径,因此,可以根据该目标配置文件中的测试脚本的路径调用该测试脚本,通过运行该测试脚本,可以实现对被测试界面的测试流程。Since the configuration file includes the storage path of the test script, the test script can be invoked according to the path of the test script in the target configuration file, and the test process of the interface to be tested can be realized by running the test script.

在本实施例中,测试脚本是根据手工测试中整个操作流程而编写的测试编码,在测试脚本中可以明显看出对界面元素操作的过程。测试脚本是QTP测试系统中的核心纽带,与测试用例相对应,运行时调用相应的对象库、测试数据库。只要被测试界面的测试环境相同,可以复用同一套测试脚本,从而可以提高测试效率,降低测试成本,以及降低对测试脚本的维护成本。In this embodiment, the test script is a test code written according to the entire operation process in the manual test, and the process of operating the interface elements can be clearly seen in the test script. The test script is the core link in the QTP test system, which corresponds to the test case and calls the corresponding object library and test database when running. As long as the test environment of the interface to be tested is the same, the same set of test scripts can be reused, thereby improving test efficiency, reducing test costs, and reducing maintenance costs for test scripts.

步骤205:驱动模块调用函数库中的对象识别函数,识别被测试界面所包括的至少一个测试对象。Step 205: The driver module calls the object identification function in the function library to identify at least one test object included in the tested interface.

在本发明一个实施例中,可以进一步包括:将识别的至少一个测试对象存储到对象库中,并确定至少一个测试对象中每一个测试对象被调用的次数,将被调用次数大于设定阈值的测试对象设置为共享模式,将被调用次数不大于所述设定阈值的测试对象设置为本地模式。In one embodiment of the present invention, it may further include: storing the identified at least one test object in the object library, and determining the number of times each test object in the at least one test object is called, and determining the number of times that the number of calls is greater than the set threshold The test object is set to the shared mode, and the test object whose number of calls is not greater than the set threshold is set to the local mode.

其中,测试对象被调用的次数可以通过以下方式来确定:该QTP测试系统不仅可以实现对被测试界面的功能测试,还可以实现对被测试界面的构建和升级,因此,可以通过该QTP测试系统构建被测试界面过程中使用的各个测试对象的次数来确定测试对象被调用的次数。Among them, the number of times the test object is called can be determined in the following way: the QTP test system can not only realize the functional test of the tested interface, but also realize the construction and upgrade of the tested interface. Therefore, the QTP test system can The number of times each test object is used in the process of constructing the tested interface determines the number of times the test object is called.

例如,该设定阈值可以为3次,在被调用次数大于3次时,可以将测试对象设置为共享模块,在共享模式下,测试对象可以被任意Action调用,可以以后缀名为.tsr的形式存在;在被调用次数不大于3次时,可以将测试对象设置为本地模式,在本地模式下,测试对象只能够被本地Action调用。For example, the set threshold can be 3 times. When the number of calls is greater than 3, the test object can be set as a shared module. In the shared mode, the test object can be called by any Action, and the file with the suffix .tsr can be used. The form exists; when the number of calls is not more than 3 times, the test object can be set to the local mode. In the local mode, the test object can only be called by the local Action.

在构建被测试界面的过程中,可以采用描述性编程的方法来添加测试对象,可以避免因界面元素变化而查找不到该元素的情况。也可以建立一张映射表来表示界面元素名称和其属性的关系。In the process of building the interface to be tested, a descriptive programming method can be used to add test objects, which can avoid the situation that the element cannot be found due to the change of the interface element. A mapping table can also be established to represent the relationship between interface element names and their attributes.

在本发明一个实施例中,该QTP测试工具可以以VBS(Microsoft VisualBasic Script Editon,微软公司可视化BASIC脚本版)为脚本,脚本可以在模块中设置检查点、条件判断、事件时间间隔等。In one embodiment of the present invention, this QTP test tool can be script with VBS (Microsoft VisualBasic Script Editon, Microsoft Visual Basic Script Edition), and the script can set checkpoints, conditional judgments, event time intervals, etc. in the module.

其中,函数库中存放的是脚本调用所需要的方法和接口,包括公用的函数库和业务函数库等。公用函数库包括登陆Login(),查找指定的文件路径pathFind()等。业务函数库根据业务具体需求而建立Function,以便脚本进行调用,例如,查看用户余额balance(),查看定价自费表tarifffBill()。Among them, the function library stores the methods and interfaces required by the script call, including public function libraries and business function libraries. The public function library includes logging in Login(), finding the specified file path pathFind(), and so on. The business function library creates functions according to the specific needs of the business, so that the script can be called, for example, check the user balance balance(), and check the pricing self-pay table tarifffBill().

步骤206:根据至少一个测试对象,确定该至少一个目标测试对象。Step 206: Determine the at least one target test object according to the at least one test object.

在本发明一个实施例中,该被测试界面可以是一个升级后的应用平台,在升级之前,可能已经对升级前的被测试界面的一些功能进行相应测试,在升级之后,可以不需要对已经进行了测试的功能重复测试,可以只对新增功能、修改功能和/或升级前出现测试故障的功能进行指定性的测试,从而可以提高测试效率。In one embodiment of the present invention, the interface to be tested may be an upgraded application platform. Before the upgrade, some functions of the interface to be tested before the upgrade may have been tested accordingly. After the upgrade, it may not be necessary to Repeated testing of tested functions can only perform specified tests on new functions, modified functions and/or functions that have test failures before upgrading, thereby improving test efficiency.

步骤207:将至少一个目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,并在关键字表格中配置与每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数。Step 207: Store at least one target test object in the keyword table, and configure operations and parameters corresponding to each target test object in the keyword table.

在本发明一个实施例中,可以将待测试的至少一个目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,在对这些目标测试对象进行自动化测试时,只需按照该关键字表格中对每一个目标测试对象设置的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试即可。In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one target test object to be tested can be stored in the keyword table, and when these target test objects are automated, it is only necessary to perform an automatic test on each target test object according to the keyword table. The set operations and parameters can be used to perform automated tests on the corresponding target test objects.

步骤208:逐个读取关键字表格中的每一个目标测试对象,针对每一个目标测试对象相对应的参数,确定相应的目标测试用例。Step 208: Read each target test object in the keyword table one by one, and determine the corresponding target test case for the parameters corresponding to each target test object.

步骤209:根据目标测试用例在测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格,逐个读取所述目标数据表格中的测试数据,并利用相应的操作对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。Step 209: Find the corresponding target data table in the test database according to the target test case, read the test data in the target data table one by one, and use corresponding operations to perform automated tests on the corresponding target test objects.

在本实施例中,测试数据库中可以包括分别对应不同测试用例的数据表格,每一个数据表格中存储有相应测试用例对应的多个测试数据。In this embodiment, the test database may include data tables respectively corresponding to different test cases, and each data table stores a plurality of test data corresponding to a corresponding test case.

由于目标配置文件中还包括有测试用例的存放路径,因此可以根据目标配置文件确定目标测试用例的路径,根据路径获取目标数据表格。Since the target configuration file also includes the storage path of the test case, the path of the target test case can be determined according to the target configuration file, and the target data table can be obtained according to the path.

在本发明一个实施例中,对于测试数据的管理可以通过多种格式来实现,例如,XML、Excel、DataBase等,每一个格式都对应不同的获取方式。其中,Excel的格式具有易操作性和直观性,因此,可以选择Excel格式作为测试数据的载体。In an embodiment of the present invention, the management of the test data can be implemented in multiple formats, for example, XML, Excel, DataBase, etc., and each format corresponds to a different acquisition method. Among them, the Excel format is easy to operate and intuitive, so you can choose the Excel format as the carrier of the test data.

对于大量的测试数据,可以采取模块化的思想,将测试数据按照功能进行划分,依次为测试集、测试用例、测试数据。For a large amount of test data, you can adopt the idea of modularization, and divide the test data according to functions, which are test sets, test cases, and test data in turn.

其中,测试集是测试用例的索引,通过它可以实现对测试用例的覆盖,更好的管理测试用例文件。测试用例中每一个步骤代表着具体业务中的每一步测试流程,可以利用关键字搜索的方法来获取具体字段的值。每条测试行中的业务名称对应着具体的类class;操作动作需要脚本来实现,对应着Function中的名称;每条记录还包括调用的测试数据和调用条件。Among them, the test set is the index of the test case, through which the coverage of the test case can be realized and the test case file can be better managed. Each step in the test case represents each step of the test process in the specific business, and you can use the keyword search method to obtain the value of the specific field. The business name in each test line corresponds to a specific class; the operation action needs to be implemented by a script, corresponding to the name in Function; each record also includes the test data and calling conditions to be called.

步骤210:开启日志记录,在自动化测试过程中,按照预先设定的日志格式和报告格式,生成相应的测试日志和缺陷报告。Step 210: Turn on log recording, and generate corresponding test logs and defect reports according to the preset log format and report format during the automated testing process.

在本发明一个实施例中,为了方便查看测试过程中运行步骤、测试错误和异常等情况,可以通过日志功能来实现,在测试日志可以记录下每一步操作的时间、测试用例的运行步骤、测试数据的使用、测试中的错误和异常情况。In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate viewing of the running steps, test errors and exceptions in the test process, it can be realized through the log function, and the time of each step of operation, the running steps of the test case, and the test log can be recorded in the test log. Use of Data, Errors and Anomalies in Testing.

其中,QTP测试工具自带的日志报告测试结果比较单一,对于大批量的测试执行,测试人员无法得到完整测试用例的运行结果,查找某个测试用例结果效率较低。因此,在本发明一个实施例中,用户可以根据自身需求来设定日志格式和缺陷报告格式,以按需来输出测试日志和测试报告。Among them, the log report test result that comes with the QTP test tool is relatively simple. For large-scale test execution, testers cannot get the running results of complete test cases, and the efficiency of finding a test case result is low. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the user can set the log format and defect report format according to his own needs, so as to output test logs and test reports as required.

当运行结束时,通过分析统计得到测试报告,查看测试用例的执行情况(通过或者失败或者挂起)和测试所花销的时间。测试人员可以根据日志库中的测试日志和缺陷报告库中的缺陷报告进行详细查看,来确定并定位到具体错误的位置。When the running is over, the test report can be obtained by analyzing the statistics, and the execution status of the test case (passed or failed or suspended) and the time spent in the test can be viewed. Testers can check in detail the test logs in the log library and the defect reports in the defect report library to determine and locate specific errors.

本发明实施例还提供了一种QTP测试系统,该QTP测试系统可以包括:The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of QTP testing system, and this QTP testing system can comprise:

测试脚本库和函数库;Test script library and function library;

驱动模块,用于运行所述测试脚本库中与被测试界面相对应的测试脚本,并调用所述函数库中的对象识别函数,识别所述被测试界面所包括的至少一个测试对象;a driving module, configured to run a test script corresponding to the tested interface in the test script library, and call an object identification function in the function library to identify at least one test object included in the tested interface;

关键字表格,用于存储确定的待测试的至少一个目标测试对象,以及每一个目标测试对象对应的操作和参数;A keyword table, used to store at least one determined target test object to be tested, and operations and parameters corresponding to each target test object;

QTP测试工具,用于读取所述关键字表格,利用关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The QTP testing tool is used to read the keyword table, and use the operation and parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table to perform automated testing on the corresponding target test object.

在本发明一个实施例中,进一步包括:测试数据库,所述测试数据库中包括分别对应不同测试用例的数据表格,每一个数据表格中存储有相应测试用例对应的多个测试数据;In one embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a test database, the test database includes data tables corresponding to different test cases, each data table stores a plurality of test data corresponding to the corresponding test cases;

所述QTP测试工具,具体用于针对所述关键字表格中配置的每一个目标测试对象相对应的参数,确定相应的目标测试用例;并根据所述目标测试用例在所述测试数据库中查找相应的目标数据表格;逐个读取所述目标数据表格中的测试数据,并利用相应的操作对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试。The QTP test tool is specifically used to determine the corresponding target test case for the parameters corresponding to each target test object configured in the keyword table; and search for the corresponding target test case in the test database according to the target test case. the target data table; read the test data in the target data table one by one, and use corresponding operations to perform automated tests on the corresponding target test objects.

在本发明一个实施例中,进一步包括:配置文件库,包括多个对应于不同测试环境的配置文件;In one embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a configuration file library, including a plurality of configuration files corresponding to different test environments;

所述驱动模块,具体用于根据所述被测试界面的测试环境,在所述配置文件库中查找相应的目标配置文件;根据所述目标配置文件确定与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本的第一路径,根据所述第一路径调用该与所述被测试界面相对应的测试脚本;The drive module is specifically configured to search for a corresponding target configuration file in the configuration file library according to the test environment of the tested interface; determine a test script corresponding to the tested interface according to the target configuration file The first path, calling the test script corresponding to the interface to be tested according to the first path;

所述QTP测试工具,具体用于根据所述目标配置文件确定所述目标测试用例的第二路径,根据所述第二路径获取所述目标数据表格。The QTP testing tool is specifically configured to determine a second path of the target test case according to the target configuration file, and obtain the target data table according to the second path.

在本发明一个实施例中,进一步包括:对象库;In one embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: an object library;

所述对象库,用于存储识别的所述至少一个测试对象,并根据所述至少一个测试对象中每一个测试对象被调用的次数,将被调用次数大于设定阈值的测试对象设置为共享模式,将被调用次数不大于所述设定阈值的测试对象设置为本地模式。The object library is used to store the identified at least one test object, and according to the number of times each test object in the at least one test object is called, set the test object whose number of calls is greater than a set threshold to a shared mode , setting the test objects whose calling times are not greater than the set threshold to the local mode.

在本发明一个实施例中,进一步包括:日志记录模块,用于根据测试需求设定日志格式和报告格式,并在所述QTP测试工具的自动化测试过程中,按照设定的日志格式和报告格式生成相应的测试日志和缺陷报告。In one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: a log record module, which is used to set log format and report format according to test requirements, and in the automated testing process of the QTP test tool, according to the set log format and report format Generate corresponding test logs and defect reports.

综上所述,本发明实施例至少可以实现如下有益效果:In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

1、在本发明实施例中,在对被测试界面进行测试时,只需将所需测试的目标测试对象存储到关键字表格中,在该关键字表格中设置每一个目标测试对象相对应的操作和参数,利用该设置的操作和参数对相应目标测试对象进行自动化测试即可,无需对待测试界面中所有识别出的测试对象进行测试,从而可以提高软件测试的效率。1. In the embodiment of the present invention, when testing the interface to be tested, it is only necessary to store the target test object to be tested in the keyword table, and set the corresponding keyword of each target test object in the keyword table. Operations and parameters, use the set operations and parameters to perform automated tests on the corresponding target test objects, without testing all identified test objects in the interface to be tested, thereby improving the efficiency of software testing.

2、在本发明实施例中,通过在对象库中根据测试对象被调用的次数,实现对测试对象的共享模式或本地模式的设定,可以使得在利用该QTP测试系统进行后续的待测试界面的升级过程中,对于升级的测试界面中所保留功能对应的测试对象可以直接在对象库中的共享模式下的测试对象进行调用,或者在对共享模式下的测试对象调用后进行适应的修改,从而可以提高测试界面的升级效率,以及降低对测试对象的维护成本。2. In the embodiment of the present invention, by implementing the shared mode or local mode setting of the test object in the object library according to the number of times the test object is called, it is possible to make use of the QTP test system to carry out the subsequent interface to be tested During the upgrade process, the test objects corresponding to the functions reserved in the upgraded test interface can be directly called from the test objects in the shared mode in the object library, or adapted after calling the test objects in the shared mode. Therefore, the upgrade efficiency of the test interface can be improved, and the maintenance cost of the test object can be reduced.

3、在本发明实施例中,通过根据测试需求设定日志格式和报告格式,并在自动化测试过程中,按照设定的日志格式和报告格式生成相应的测试日志和缺陷报告,从而可以按需输出测试日志和缺陷报告,从而可以提高查找效率。3. In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the log format and report format according to the test requirements, and generating corresponding test logs and defect reports according to the set log format and report format during the automated testing process, it is possible to Output test logs and defect reports, which can improve search efficiency.

上述装置内的各单元之间的信息交互、执行过程等内容,由于与本发明方法实施例基于同一构思,具体内容可参见本发明方法实施例中的叙述,此处不再赘述。The information exchange and execution process among the units in the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, and the specific content can refer to the description in the method embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个······”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同因素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or sequence. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without more limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional same elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解:实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成,前述的程序可以存储在计算机可读取的存储介质中,该程序在执行时,执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤;而前述的存储介质包括:ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质中。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for realizing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned programs can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the It includes the steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other various media that can store program codes.

最后需要说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均包含在本发明的保护范围内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a method for testing software based on QTP, it is characterised in that be applied to QTP and test system, Described QTP test system includes: test script library and function library, and described method includes:
Run test script corresponding with tested interface in described test script library;
Call the Object identifying function in described function library, identify included by described tested interface at least One test object;
According at least one test object described, determine at least one target detection object to be tested;
At least one target detection object described is stored in keywords table, and at described key table Lattice configure the operation corresponding with each target detection object and parameter;
Read described keywords table, utilize each target detection pair of configuration in described keywords table As corresponding operation and parameter carry out automatic test to respective objects test object.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described QTP test system farther includes: test database, and described test database includes point The data form of not corresponding different test cases, in each data form, storage has corresponding test case pair The multiple test data answered;
Operation that described each the target detection object utilizing in described keywords table configuration is corresponding and Parameter carries out automatic test to respective objects test object, including: join in described keywords table The parameter that each target detection object of putting is corresponding, determines corresponding target detection use-case;And according to Described target detection use-case searches corresponding target data form in described test database;Read one by one Test data in described target data form, and utilize corresponding operation that respective objects test object is entered Row automatic test.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
Described QTP test system farther includes: configuration file storehouse, including multiple corresponding to difference test The configuration file of environment;
Test script corresponding with tested interface in the described test script library of described operation, including: root According to the test environment at described tested interface, described configuration file storehouse is searched corresponding target configuration literary composition Part;The first of the test script corresponding with described tested interface is determined according to described target configuration file Path, calls this test script corresponding with described tested interface according to described first path;
Described in described test database, search corresponding target matrix according to described target detection use-case Lattice, including: the second path of described target detection use-case is determined according to described target configuration file, according to Described second path obtains described target data form.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described QTP test system farther includes: library of object;
Farther include: described in identifying, at least one test object stores in described library of object, and Determine each test invoked number of times of object at least one test object described, by called number of times It is set to shared model more than the test object setting threshold value, called number of times is not more than described setting threshold The test object of value is set to local mode.
5. according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Farther include: set journal format and reporting format according to testing requirement;
Farther include: in automatic test course, raw according to the journal format set and reporting format Become corresponding test log and defect report.
6. a QTP tests system, it is characterised in that including:
Test script library and function library;
Drive module, for running test script corresponding with tested interface in described test script library, And call the Object identifying function in described function library, identify at least included by described tested interface Individual test object;
Keywords table, at least one the target detection object to be tested determined for storage, and often Operation that one target detection object is corresponding and parameter;
QTP testing tool, is used for reading described keywords table, utilizes in keywords table the every of configuration Operation and parameter that one target detection object is corresponding carry out automatic test to respective objects test object.
QTP the most according to claim 6 tests system, it is characterised in that
Farther including: test database, described test database includes that the most corresponding different test is used The data form of example, in each data form, storage has multiple test data that corresponding test case is corresponding;
Described QTP testing tool, specifically for for each target of configuration in described keywords table The parameter that test object is corresponding, determines corresponding target detection use-case;And use according to described target detection Example searches corresponding target data form in described test database;Read described target matrix one by one Test data in lattice, and utilize corresponding operation that respective objects test object is carried out automatic test.
QTP the most according to claim 7 tests system, it is characterised in that
Farther include: configuration file storehouse, including multiple configuration files corresponding to different test environments;
Described driving module, specifically for the test environment according to described tested interface, in described configuration Library is searched corresponding target configuration file;Determine tested with described according to described target configuration file The first path of the test script that examination interface is corresponding, calls this according to described first path tested with described The test script that examination interface is corresponding;
Described QTP testing tool, specifically for determining described target detection according to described target configuration file Second path of use-case, obtains described target data form according to described second path.
QTP the most according to claim 6 tests system, it is characterised in that
Farther include: library of object;
Described library of object, for store identification described at least one test object, and according to described at least Each test invoked number of times of object in one test object, by called number of times more than setting threshold value Test object be set to shared model, called number of times is not more than the test object of described setting threshold value It is set to local mode.
10. test system according to described QTP arbitrary in claim 6-9, it is characterised in that
Farther include: logger module, for setting journal format and report lattice according to testing requirement Formula, and in the automatic test course of described QTP testing tool, according to the journal format set and report Accuse form and generate corresponding test log and defect report.
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