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CN105874232B - 盘式制动器卡钳本体 - Google Patents

盘式制动器卡钳本体 Download PDF

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CN105874232B
CN105874232B CN201480071682.3A CN201480071682A CN105874232B CN 105874232 B CN105874232 B CN 105874232B CN 201480071682 A CN201480071682 A CN 201480071682A CN 105874232 B CN105874232 B CN 105874232B
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caliper body
caliper
hogback
body according
soffit
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CN105874232A (zh
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法比奥·马尼
马尔科·拉蒂
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Lembao Public Ltd
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Fullerney Lembold Public Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/005Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
    • F16D65/0068Brake calipers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/228Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a separate actuating member for each side
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0016Brake calipers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种卡钳本体(10),其包括两个横向地彼此间隔开的侧部构造(11、12),以及连接第一和第二侧部构造的一个或多个横向地延伸的桥接部分(13a、13b)。每个桥接部分均具有闭环结构,闭环结构具有拱背(14)、拱腹(15)、将拱背连接于拱腹、且横向地隔开的两个连接部分(16、17),以及在切线方向上在拱背与拱腹之间延伸的贯通腔体(18)。

Description

盘式制动器卡钳本体
技术领域
本发明涉及一种例如用于机动车辆的盘式制动器卡钳本体。
背景技术
众所周知的是,在盘式制动器中,制动器卡钳被设置成骑跨制动盘的外周边边缘。在浮动卡钳(floating body)中,制动器卡钳包括沿与制动盘的转动轴线平行的轴线在制动盘之间移动的浮动本体。浮动本体具有两个细长侧部构造(formation),所述两个细长侧部构造被布置成面向制动盘的两个相应的相对制动表面。提供了摩擦衬垫(摩擦块,摩擦片,friction pad),其布置在卡钳的每个细长构造与制动盘的两个制动表面中的一个之间。卡钳本体的侧部构造具有适于安置液压活塞的缸,通过使得液压活塞邻接抵靠制动盘的制动表面,液压活塞能够在摩擦衬垫上施加推挤动作,以便在车辆上施加制动动作。侧部构造通过被放置成骑跨制动盘的一个或多个桥接部分而彼此连接。在固定的制动器卡钳中,卡钳包括固定本体,该固定本体具有一对细长侧面部分(在使用中,该一对细长侧面部分面向制动盘的两个相对的制动表面)以及连接所述侧面部分的端部的一对桥接部分。
在汽车工业中,越来越要求机动车辆部件的重量的减少,以便减少燃料消耗和废气排放。由于被紧固于车辆悬架并且被放置成骑跨制动盘,卡钳本体是期望被尽可能地减少的非悬挂质量之一。深感到也需要的是:在不增加卡钳本体重量的情况下,提高盘式制动器卡钳的结构机械特性。
浮动卡钳本体是已知的,其被设计为用于增加结构刚性的特性并且/或者减少重量。例如,第5 394 963号美国专利提出了一种复合的卡钳本体,在该卡钳本体中埋有内部增强部件。第6 298 954号美国专利公开了一种卡钳本体,其具有桥接构造以及相对于该桥接构造以直角布置的两个侧部构造。桥接构造中具有至少一个中腔体室,所述腔室由位于桥接构造的所有侧部上的支撑壁限定。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是:通过优化被用来增加卡钳本体的刚性的材料的可能性,提供一种能够满足在重量轻化方面实现显著成效的需求的解决方案。本发明的另一目的是:在冷却的方面、尤其是在操作状态下特别地提高卡钳通风的方面,提高卡钳本体的功效。
这些和其它的目的和优点通过根据本发明的卡钳本体获得。总而言之,一种卡钳本体包括横向地彼此隔开的第一侧部构造和第二侧部构造、以及横向地延伸以便连接第一侧部构造和第二侧部构造的一个或多个桥接部分。所述桥接部或每个桥接部分具有闭环结构,闭环结构具有拱背(extrados)、拱腹(intrados)、横向地隔开的且将拱背连接于拱腹的两个连接部分,以及在切线方向上在拱背与拱腹之间延伸的贯通腔体。
由于桥接部分的中空的或闭环的或管状的结构,所以相比于传统的浮动卡钳本体,该卡钳本体可以明显地重量更轻,并且具有更大的机械耐抗力。
如果卡钳本体通过熔合(fusion,熔化)制造,则贯通腔体可进一步地简化并加速砂芯移除,从而促进在喷射中包含的泥芯的移出。
此外,贯通腔体允许通过卡钳本体的气流通道,从而促进了由制动器卡钳所累积的热的快速消散。
如果每个拱背均具有切向地彼此隔开的两个或更多个平行肋,则可实现耐抗力/重量比和形成卡钳本体的材料的使用的进一步优化。如果在同一拱背的两个肋之间在横向方向上形成细长的开口,则卡钳本体甚至可被制造得更轻。
如果桥接部分包括将拱背刚性地连接于拱腹的至少一个径向地延伸的支柱元件,则卡钳本体内的最高机械应力可被减少得甚至更多。通过在横向方向上、在将同一桥接器部分的拱背连接于拱腹的两个连接部分之间布置基本上等距隔开的支柱元件,可获得机械应力的进一步减少。
上述的优点均可被应用于浮动卡钳本体和固定卡钳本体两者。
附图说明
现在,将在下面借助于通过仅非限制性实例方式阐述的示例性实施方式,来描述根据本发明的浮动卡钳本体的多个实施方式。特别地参考所附的附图,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明第一实施方式的用于盘式制动器的浮动卡钳本体的立体图;
图2是图1的浮动卡钳本体的来自于不同视点的立体图;
图3是根据本发明第二实施方式的浮动卡钳本体的立体图;
图4是根据本发明第三实施方式的浮动卡钳本体的立体图;
图5是根据本发明第四实施方式的浮动卡钳本体的立体图;以及
图6、7、8和9是根据本发明第五实施方式的固定卡钳本体的来自于不同视点的立体图。
具体实施方式
根据一般的实施方式(其多个实例示出在图1到5中),盘式制动器的浮动卡钳本体(总体上用标号10表示)整体上具有基本上U形形状。以本身传统的方式,卡钳本体10适于被设置成骑跨制动盘(未示出)的外围边缘,以便能在被称为“横向的”方向(在本文中,该方向平行于制动盘的转动轴线)上相对于制动盘移动。在整个本说明书中以及在权利要求书中,表示位置和方向的单词和短语(诸如“径向的”、“轴向的”、“横向的”、“切向的”等)应当被理解为是参照制动盘的转动轴线而描述的。
浮动卡钳本体包括两个侧部构造或突缘11、12,以及连接该两个侧部构造的横向地延伸的一个或多个桥接部分13。该两个侧部构造彼此横向地隔开,以便面向制动盘的两个相对的制动表面(未示出)。
突缘11可形成缸19,该缸适于接收承载摩擦衬垫(未示出)的活塞(未示出)。图中所示的浮动卡钳本体的操作被认为是完全地已知的。因此,在本公开的下文中,仅描述特别地涉及根据本发明的浮动卡钳本体的致动的那些元件。为了制造未详细示出的那些部件和元件,可因此参考对浮动卡钳本体的任何已知的解决方案,例如,涉及用于卡钳操作的机械连接和液压连接的解决方案。
在图1和2中所示的具体实施方式中,浮动卡钳本体具有基本上平行的、且在切线方向上彼此隔开的两个桥接部分13a、13b。
根据一个实施方式,桥接部分13a、13b中的至少一个具有闭环结构,该闭环结构具有拱背14、拱腹15、将拱背14连接于拱腹15的两个横向地间隔开的连接部分16、17,以及在切线方向上在拱背与拱腹之间延伸的贯通腔体18。在图1和2中所示的特定浮动卡钳本体中,两个桥接部分两者均具有上面提及的闭环结构。
在图1、2和3的实例中,桥接部分13a、13b中的每一个均具有穿过贯通腔体18的基本上管状的结构。
虽然不希望受到任何具体理论的限制,由申请人执行的测试证明的是,由于桥接部分13的中空的或闭环的或管状的结构,所以与具有相同质量的实心结构相比,该浮动卡钳本体具有更好的抗负荷能力,特别是抗扭转应力和弯曲应力的能力。
在图3、4和5中所示的实施方式中,桥接部分的每个拱背14均具有切向地彼此间隔开的至少两个平行的加强肋20、21。根据图5中所示的实施方式,在同一拱背的肋之间,可在横向方向上形成细长的开口22。
每个桥接部分均可包括径向地延伸的支柱元件23,支柱元件将拱背刚性地连接于拱腹。在图1、2和5的具体实施方式中,支柱元件23在横向方向上在将拱背连接于拱腹的所述两个连接部分16、17之间是基本上等距的。在图4的示例性实施方式中,每个桥接构造均提供在横向平面中对齐的两个支柱元件23。
浮动卡钳本体10可由金属制成,所述金属为诸如铝、或铝合金(例如,铝和锂或钢的合金)。当本体10通过熔合获得时,本发明是特别有利的,原因在于一旦喷射已经完成时,贯通腔体18在砂芯移除步骤期间便于对砂芯的处理。可替代地,浮动卡钳本体可通过切削(stock removal)、或锻造而由机械加工来制造。
根据图6到9中所示的实施方式,固定制动器卡钳本体10包括在使用时面向制动盘的两个相对制动表面的一对细长的侧部构造11、12、以及连接所述两个侧部构造11、12的端部的至少一对横向地延伸的桥接部分13a、13b。每个桥接部分13a、13b均闭环结构,该闭环结构具有拱背14、拱腹15、将拱背连接于拱腹的横向地间隔开的两个连接部分16、17,以及在切线方向上在拱背14与拱腹15之间延伸的贯通腔体18。
在图6到9中所示的具体实施方式中,每个桥接部分13a、13b均可包括一个或多个径向地延伸的支柱元件23,支柱元件将拱背14刚性地连接于拱腹15。有利地,支柱元件23在将拱背连接于拱腹的所述两个连接部分16、17之间是基本上等距隔开的。
可从附图推断的结构细节不应被认为是限制性的。特别地,适于接收相应的活塞的缸19的数量可被改变,例如可为1到3个。类似地,根据本领域本身已知的模式,卡钳本体10可通过熔合而被制造为单个块,或者可通过由螺钉连接的两个卡钳半部制造。
已经描述了根据本发明的浮动卡钳本体的不同方面和实施方式。应该理解的是,每个实施方式可与任何其它实施方式组合,或者可独立于任何其它实施方式地实现。此外,本发明不限于本文描述的实施方式,而是可在所附权利要求书的范围内改变。

Claims (10)

1.一种盘式制动器的卡钳本体(10),总体具有基本上U形的形状,所述卡钳本体适于被设置成骑跨制动盘的外周边边缘,所述卡钳本体包括:
-第一侧部构造(11)和第二侧部构造(12),横向地彼此隔开,以便面向制动盘的相对的制动表面;
-至少一个桥接部分(13a、13b),横向地延伸并且连接所述第一侧部构造(11)和所述第二侧部构造(12);
其特征在于,所述至少一个桥接部分(13a、13b)具有闭环结构,所述闭环结构具有拱背(14)、拱腹(15)、横向地隔开且连接所述拱背和所述拱腹的两个连接部分(16、17),以及在切线方向上在所述拱背与所述拱腹之间延伸的贯通腔体(18)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述桥接部分或每个所述桥接部分(13a、13b)进一步包括将所述拱背(14)刚性地连接于所述拱腹(15)的至少一个径向地延伸的支柱元件(23)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述拱背或每个所述拱背(14)设置切向地彼此隔开的至少两个平行的肋(20、21)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述支柱元件(23)在将所述拱背连接于所述拱腹的两个所述连接部分(16、17)之间是基本上等距间隔的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述卡钳本体是浮动卡钳本体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,在同一拱背(14)的两个肋(20、21)之间设置有在横向方向上细长的开口(22)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述卡钳本体是固定卡钳本体;并且/或者其中,所述卡钳本体是以单个件制造的卡钳本体;并且/或者其中,所述固定卡钳本体包括互相面对的且能释放地连接的两个卡钳半部。
8.根据权利要求1所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述卡钳本体包括在切线方向上彼此间隔开的两个基本上平行的桥接部分(13a、13b)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的卡钳本体,其特征在于,所述卡钳本体通过铸造获得。
10.一种制动器卡钳,包括根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的卡钳本体。
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IT201600130165A1 (it) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-22 Freni Brembo Spa Corpo pinza per freno a disco, pinza freno e freno a disco
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