CN105858800A - Oily sewage separation-removal post-treatment device - Google Patents
Oily sewage separation-removal post-treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105858800A CN105858800A CN201610056395.6A CN201610056395A CN105858800A CN 105858800 A CN105858800 A CN 105858800A CN 201610056395 A CN201610056395 A CN 201610056395A CN 105858800 A CN105858800 A CN 105858800A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种油污水分脱后处理装置,包括旋流分离器、原液槽、集液槽,旋流分离器包括分离锥、尾管,尾管上端开口与分离锥下端开口连通,分离锥上端开口被一锥顶圆板封住,分离锥上设有切向进液管,集液槽处在尾管下方,还包括一原液抽取泵,原液抽取泵上设有进原液管、出原液管,进原液管的进口端伸入原液槽中,出原液管的出口端与切向进液管连通,旋流分离器内设有芯管,芯管上端通过集油管路连接至一集油罐,芯管上设有若干管进油孔。本发明的有益效果是:可实现油水的高效分离,且无需借助额外化学剂,设备也能重复利用,总体成本较低;处理过程十分连续,不需要暂停和切换工位,工作效率高;连续分离且自动收集油,处理效果好。
The invention discloses a post-processing device for separating and separating oily water, which comprises a cyclone separator, a raw liquid tank, and a liquid collection tank. The cyclone separator includes a separation cone and a tailpipe. The opening at the upper end is sealed by a circular plate with a conical top. The separation cone is provided with a tangential liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid collection tank is located under the tail pipe. The inlet end of the raw liquid inlet pipe extends into the raw liquid tank, the outlet end of the raw liquid pipe is connected with the tangential liquid inlet pipe, a core pipe is arranged in the cyclone separator, and the upper end of the core pipe is connected to an oil collection pipe through an oil collection pipeline. The tank has several oil inlet holes on the core pipe. The beneficial effects of the invention are: high-efficiency separation of oil and water can be realized without additional chemical agents, the equipment can be reused, and the overall cost is low; the treatment process is very continuous, and there is no need to pause and switch stations, and the work efficiency is high; continuous Separation and automatic collection of oil, good treatment effect.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于含油污水处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种油污水分脱后处理装置。 The invention belongs to the technical field of oily sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a post-treatment device for separating and detaching oily sewage.
背景技术 Background technique
在石油开采工业、海洋船舶运输业等领域中,经常会需要对含油污水、含油海水等进行后处理,避免油污残留、污染环境。目前,国内外对对含油污水治理的方法主要有以下三类:化学处理法、物理处理法和生化处理法。其中物理处理法无需额外的添加物质,且设备可以反复使用,总体成本较低,是使用较多的方法。而对于大批量的含油污水处理,也会较多地采用离心分离法。不过,目前在对含油污水进行处理时,在分离效率、分离成本、分离效果的综合考量上,仍有所不足。 In the fields of oil exploitation industry, ocean shipping industry, etc., it is often necessary to post-process oily sewage and oily seawater to avoid oily residues and environmental pollution. At present, there are mainly three types of treatment methods for oily sewage at home and abroad: chemical treatment, physical treatment and biochemical treatment. Among them, the physical treatment method does not require additional additives, and the equipment can be used repeatedly, and the overall cost is relatively low, so it is the most used method. For the treatment of large quantities of oily sewage, centrifugal separation is often used. However, at present, when treating oily sewage, there are still some deficiencies in the comprehensive consideration of separation efficiency, separation cost, and separation effect.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明是为了克服现有技术中的不足,提供了一种结构合理,具有良好的处理能力,能对大量含油污水、含油海水进行较为快速的处理,整体成本较低且处理效果好的后处理装置。 In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a reasonable structure, good processing capacity, can process a large amount of oily sewage and oily sea water relatively quickly, the overall cost is low and the post-treatment effect is good. device.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案: In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种油污水分脱后处理装置,包括旋流分离器、原液槽、集液槽,所述旋流分离器包括分离锥、与分离锥同轴相连且竖直的尾管,分离锥上、下端 均开口,尾管上、下端均开口,分离锥上端开口大于分离锥下端开口,尾管上端开口与分离锥下端开口连通,分离锥上端开口被一锥顶圆板封住,分离锥上设有与分离锥内部连通的切向进液管,集液槽处在尾管下方,还包括一原液抽取泵,原液抽取泵上设有进原液管、出原液管,进原液管的进口端伸入原液槽中,出原液管的出口端与切向进液管连通,旋流分离器内设有与尾管同轴的芯管,芯管上端穿过锥顶圆板且伸出旋流分离器外,芯管上端通过集油管路连接至一集油罐,芯管上设有若干与芯管内部连通的管进油孔,还包括一循环泵,循环泵上设有进循环液管、出循环液管,进循环液管的进口端伸入集液槽中,出循环液管的出口端与切向进液管连通,出循环液管上设有循环液通断阀。 A post-processing device for separating and separating oil and water, comprising a cyclone separator, a raw liquid tank, and a liquid collection tank. The cyclone separator includes a separation cone, a vertical tailpipe coaxially connected with the separation cone, and the upper and lower ends of the separation cone Both are open, the upper and lower ends of the tail pipe are open, the upper opening of the separation cone is larger than the lower opening of the separation cone, the upper opening of the tail pipe is connected with the lower opening of the separation cone, the upper opening of the separation cone is sealed by a cone top disc, and the separation cone is equipped with The tangential liquid inlet pipe connected with the inside of the separation cone, the liquid collection tank is located under the tail pipe, and also includes a stock solution extraction pump, which is provided with a stock solution inlet pipe and a stock solution outlet pipe, and the inlet end of the stock solution pipe extends into In the raw liquid tank, the outlet end of the raw liquid pipe is connected with the tangential liquid inlet pipe, and a core pipe coaxial with the tail pipe is arranged in the cyclone separator, and the upper end of the core pipe passes through the conical top disc and extends out of the cyclone separator In addition, the upper end of the core pipe is connected to an oil collection tank through the oil collection pipeline. The core pipe is provided with a number of pipe oil inlet holes communicating with the inside of the core pipe. It also includes a circulation pump. Circulating liquid pipe, the inlet end of the circulating liquid pipe extends into the liquid collection tank, the outlet end of the circulating liquid pipe is connected with the tangential liquid inlet pipe, and the circulating liquid on-off valve is arranged on the circulating liquid pipe.
作为优选,所述分离锥内设有上、下端均开口的助旋筒,所述助旋筒与分离锥同轴,助旋筒上端与锥顶圆板之间密封连接,助旋筒高度大于分离锥高度的三分之二。 As a preference, the separation cone is provided with an auxiliary rotation cylinder with upper and lower ends open, the rotation assistance cylinder is coaxial with the separation cone, and the upper end of the separation cone is sealed and connected with the cone top disc, and the height of the rotation assistance cylinder is greater than Two-thirds of the height of the separation cone.
作为优选,所述助旋筒的筒侧壁顶部设有若干回流孔。 As a preference, several return holes are provided on the top of the cylinder side wall of the spin-assisting cylinder.
作为优选,所述切向进液管轴线与分离锥的一个切向平行。 Preferably, the axis of the tangential liquid inlet pipe is parallel to a tangential direction of the separation cone.
作为优选,所述芯管内设有可相对芯管内上下滑动的自调节管,自调节管上、下端均开口,自调节管外侧壁与芯管内侧壁之间滑动密封配合,自调节管下端伸出芯管外,自调节管下端设有封住自调节管下端开口的管下封板,管下封板上设有浮体,浮体上设有浮基座,尾管中设有与尾管连接的导向竖杆,导向竖杆横截面呈矩形,导向竖杆与浮基座滑动连接,自调节管侧壁上设有若干与自调节管内部连通的管通油孔,管通油孔与管进油孔一一对应,在对应的管通油孔与管进油孔中:管通油孔孔径与管进油孔孔径相同,管通 油孔与管进油孔轴线重合。 As a preference, the core tube is provided with a self-adjusting tube that can slide up and down relative to the inside of the core tube. Outside the core tube, the lower end of the self-regulating tube is provided with a tube lower sealing plate that seals the lower end opening of the self-regulating tube. The guide vertical bar has a rectangular cross-section, and the guide vertical bar is slidingly connected with the floating base. There are a number of pipe oil holes connected with the self-adjusting pipe on the side wall of the self-adjusting pipe. The oil inlet holes correspond one by one, and in the corresponding pipe oil hole and pipe oil inlet hole: the diameter of the pipe oil hole is the same as that of the pipe oil inlet hole, and the axis of the pipe oil hole coincides with the pipe oil inlet hole.
作为优选,所述导向竖杆通过架体与尾管连接,所述架体包括至少一根横连接杆,横连接杆一端与尾管内侧壁固定,导向竖杆下端与横连接杆连接。 Preferably, the guide vertical rod is connected to the tail pipe through a frame body, the frame body includes at least one horizontal connecting rod, one end of the horizontal connecting rod is fixed to the inner wall of the tail pipe, and the lower end of the guiding vertical rod is connected to the horizontal connecting rod.
作为优选,所述集油管路包括集油主管、过渡接管,集油主管一端与集油罐连通,集油主管另一端与过渡接管一端连通,过渡接管另一端与芯管上端连通。 Preferably, the oil collection pipeline includes an oil collection main pipe and a transition pipe, one end of the oil collection main pipe communicates with the oil collection tank, the other end of the oil collection main pipe communicates with one end of the transition pipe, and the other end of the transition pipe communicates with the upper end of the core pipe.
作为优选,所述集油主管上设有集油泵、集油单向阀,集油泵的抽液方向为由芯管至集油泵,集油泵的排液方向为由集油泵至集油罐,集油单向阀的可通过方向为由集油泵至集油罐,出原液管与切向进液管之间设有进液通断阀。 As a preference, the oil collection main pipe is provided with an oil collection pump and an oil collection check valve, the pumping direction of the oil collection pump is from the core pipe to the oil collection pump, the discharge direction of the oil collection pump is from the oil collection pump to the oil collection tank, The passage direction of the oil check valve is from the oil collection pump to the oil collection tank, and a liquid inlet on-off valve is arranged between the raw liquid outlet pipe and the tangential liquid inlet pipe.
作为优选,还包括电絮凝后处理结构、后处理泵,电絮凝后处理结构包括处理容器、后处理进液管、后处理出液管、正电极板、负电极板,后处理进液管上设有若干与后处理进液管连通的进液头,后处理出液管上设有若干与后处理出液管连通的出液头,处理容器中设有一排弧形隔板,相邻两块弧形隔板在处理容器中围成一处理单腔,处理单腔与进液头一一对应,处理单腔与出液头一一对应,进液头、出液头均处在对应的处理单腔内,后处理泵上设有进处理液管、出处理液管,进处理液管的进口端伸入集液槽中,出处理液管的出口端与后处理进液管连通。 Preferably, it also includes an electrocoagulation post-treatment structure and a post-treatment pump. The electro-coagulation post-treatment structure includes a treatment container, a post-treatment liquid inlet pipe, a post-treatment liquid outlet pipe, a positive electrode plate, and a negative electrode plate. There are a number of liquid inlet heads connected with the post-treatment liquid inlet pipe, and a number of liquid outlet heads connected with the post-treatment liquid outlet pipe are arranged on the post-treatment liquid outlet pipe. A single arc-shaped partition forms a processing single chamber in the processing container. The single processing chamber corresponds to the liquid inlet head one by one, and the single processing chamber corresponds to the liquid outlet head one by one. The liquid inlet head and the liquid outlet head are in the corresponding In the treatment single chamber, the post-treatment pump is provided with a treatment liquid inlet pipe and a treatment liquid outlet pipe. The inlet end of the treatment liquid pipe extends into the liquid collection tank, and the outlet end of the treatment liquid pipe is connected with the post-treatment liquid inlet pipe.
本发明的有益效果是:可实现油水的高效分离,操作简单,且无需借助额外化学剂,设备也能重复利用,总体成本较低;处理过程十分连续,不需要暂停和切换工位,工作效率高;连续分离且自动收集油,处理效果好。 The beneficial effects of the invention are: high-efficiency separation of oil and water can be realized, the operation is simple, and the equipment can be reused without additional chemical agents, and the overall cost is low; the treatment process is very continuous, no need to pause and switch stations, and the work efficiency is improved. High; continuous separation and automatic oil collection, good treatment effect.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图 Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
图2是图1中A处的放大图; Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of place A in Fig. 1;
图3是图1中B处的放大图; Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of place B in Fig. 1;
图4图1中C处的放大图。 Fig. 4 Enlarged view of point C in Fig. 1.
图中:原液槽1、原液抽取泵11、进原液管12、出原液管13、进液通断阀131、集液槽2、分离锥3、锥顶圆板31、切向进液管32、助旋筒33、回流孔331、尾管4、横连接杆41、摩擦块42、芯管5、集油罐51、管进油孔52、自调节管53、管下封板531、浮体532、浮基座533、导向竖杆534、管通油孔535、集油主管54、过渡接管55、集油泵56、集油单向阀57、后处理泵61、处理容器62、后处理进液管63、进液头631、后处理出液管64、出液头641、弧形电极板65、进处理液管66、出处理液管67、出处理液通断阀671、循环泵71、进循环液管72、出循环液管73、循环液通断阀74。 In the figure: stock solution tank 1, stock solution extraction pump 11, stock solution inlet pipe 12, stock solution outlet pipe 13, liquid inlet on-off valve 131, liquid collection tank 2, separation cone 3, cone top disc 31, tangential liquid inlet pipe 32 , auxiliary rotation cylinder 33, return hole 331, tail pipe 4, horizontal connecting rod 41, friction block 42, core pipe 5, oil collection tank 51, pipe oil inlet hole 52, self-regulating pipe 53, pipe lower sealing plate 531, floating body 532, floating base 533, guide vertical rod 534, pipe oil hole 535, oil collection main pipe 54, transition pipe 55, oil collection pump 56, oil collection check valve 57, post-processing pump 61, processing container 62, post-processing inlet Liquid pipe 63, liquid inlet head 631, post-treatment liquid outlet pipe 64, liquid outlet head 641, arc-shaped electrode plate 65, inlet processing liquid pipe 66, outlet processing liquid pipe 67, outlet processing liquid on-off valve 671, circulation pump 71 , into the circulating liquid pipe 72, out of the circulating liquid pipe 73, and on-off valve 74 for the circulating liquid.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1:如图1至图4所示的实施例中,一种油污水分脱后处理装置,包括旋流分离器、原液槽1、集液槽2,所述旋流分离器包括外形呈圆台状的分离锥3、与分离锥同轴相连且竖直的尾管4,分离锥上、下端均开口,尾管上、下端均开口,分离锥上端开口大于分离锥下端开口,尾管上端开口与分离锥下端开口连通,分离锥上端开口被一锥顶圆板31封住,分离锥上设有与分离锥内部连通的切向进液管32,集液槽处在尾管下方,还包括一原液抽取 泵11,原液抽取泵上设有与原液抽取泵进口连通的进原液管12、与原液抽取泵出口连通的出原液管13,进原液管的进口端伸入原液槽中,出原液管的出口端与切向进液管连通,旋流分离器内设有与尾管同轴的芯管5,芯管上端穿过锥顶圆板且伸出旋流分离器外,芯管上端通过集油管路连接至一集油罐51,芯管上设有若干与芯管内部连通的管进油孔52,还包括一循环泵71,循环泵上设有与循环泵进口连通的进循环液管72、与循环泵出口连通的出循环液管73,进循环液管的进口端伸入集液槽中,出循环液管的出口端与切向进液管连通,出循环液管上设有循环液通断阀74。循环液通断阀用于控制出循环液管的通断。所述切向进液管轴线与分离锥的一个切向平行。含油污水(海水)被储置在原液槽中,原液抽取泵从原液槽中抽取原液(含油污水),含油污水经进原液管、原液抽取泵、出原液管达到切向进液管,并从切向进液管以切向(或近似切向)送入分离锥内,由于分离锥上大下小,又由于重力的作用,含油污水在分离锥内开始螺旋流动,整体趋势为螺旋向下流动。由于油水之间具有密度差,含油污水高速旋流时,水会相对贴着分离锥内壁,而油珠(油)会相对移向中心(靠近分离锥轴线)。而随着流体的整体向下螺旋移动、截面不断缩小,油继续移向中心汇成油芯(芯管处在油芯内),油芯外层则为“水壁”(大量水少量油)。流体随后进入到收口部分(尾管),而流体会对上段产生回压,使低压油芯向上溢流,从管进油孔进入到芯管内部,并通过集油管路进入集油罐内进行收集,至于外层“水壁”,则向下经尾管下端开口排到集液槽中,从而可实现油水的高效分离,且无需借助额外化学剂,设备也能重复利用,处理过程十分连续,总体成本较低。此外,在有需要时,循环泵可以从集液槽中抽取处理过的含油污水,使其经进循环液管、循环泵、 出循环液管达到切向进液管(此时循环液通断阀启通、原液抽取泵可以工作,也可以不工作,原液抽取泵不工作时,需要切断原液抽取泵所在管路,保障流体流入分离锥),并再次从切向进液管送入分离锥内,从而可以实现多次循环分离处理,提升处理效果。 Embodiment 1: In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, a post-processing device for separating and separating oil and water includes a cyclone separator, a raw liquid tank 1, and a liquid collection tank 2, and the cyclone separator includes a shape of Frustum-shaped separation cone 3, vertical tailpipe 4 connected coaxially with the separation cone, the upper and lower ends of the separation cone are open, the upper and lower ends of the tailpipe are open, the upper opening of the separation cone is larger than the lower opening of the separation cone, and the upper end of the tailpipe The opening communicates with the opening at the lower end of the separation cone, and the opening at the upper end of the separation cone is sealed by a cone top disc 31. The separation cone is provided with a tangential liquid inlet pipe 32 communicating with the inside of the separation cone. The liquid collection tank is located below the tail pipe. Comprising a stock solution extraction pump 11, the stock solution extraction pump is provided with a stock solution inlet pipe 12 communicated with the stock solution extraction pump inlet, a stock solution outlet pipe 13 connected with the stock solution extraction pump outlet, the inlet end of the stock solution pipe stretches into the stock solution tank, The outlet end of the raw liquid pipe is connected with the tangential liquid inlet pipe. The core pipe 5 coaxial with the tail pipe is arranged in the cyclone separator. The upper end is connected to an oil collection tank 51 through an oil collection pipeline. The core pipe is provided with a number of pipe oil inlet holes 52 communicating with the inside of the core pipe, and also includes a circulation pump 71. The circulation pump is provided with an inlet connected to the inlet of the circulation pump. The circulating liquid pipe 72, the circulating liquid pipe 73 connected to the outlet of the circulating pump, the inlet end of the circulating liquid pipe stretches into the sump, the outlet end of the circulating liquid pipe communicates with the tangential liquid inlet pipe, and the circulating liquid pipe A circulating fluid on-off valve 74 is provided on it. The circulating fluid on-off valve is used to control the on-off of the circulating fluid pipe. The axis of the tangential liquid inlet pipe is parallel to a tangential direction of the separation cone. Oily sewage (sea water) is stored in the raw solution tank, and the raw solution extraction pump extracts the raw solution (oily sewage) from the raw solution tank. The tangential liquid inlet pipe is fed into the separation cone tangentially (or approximately tangentially). Because the separation cone is large and the bottom is small, and due to the effect of gravity, the oily sewage starts to spiral in the separation cone, and the overall trend is spiral downward. flow. Due to the density difference between oil and water, when the oily sewage swirls at high speed, the water will relatively adhere to the inner wall of the separation cone, and the oil droplets (oil) will relatively move to the center (closer to the separation cone axis). As the fluid moves downwards as a whole and the cross-section shrinks, the oil continues to move to the center to form an oil core (the core tube is inside the oil core), and the outer layer of the oil core is a "water wall" (a large amount of water and a small amount of oil). . The fluid then enters the closing part (tail pipe), and the fluid will generate back pressure on the upper section, causing the low-pressure oil core to overflow upwards, enter the core pipe from the oil inlet hole of the pipe, and enter the oil collection tank through the oil collection pipeline for further discharge. As for the outer "water wall", it is discharged downward through the lower end opening of the tail pipe into the liquid collection tank, so that the efficient separation of oil and water can be achieved, and the equipment can be reused without additional chemical agents, and the treatment process is very continuous , the overall cost is lower. In addition, when necessary, the circulation pump can extract the treated oily sewage from the sump, and make it pass through the inlet circulation liquid pipe, circulation pump, and outlet circulation liquid pipe to reach the tangential liquid inlet pipe (at this time, the circulation liquid is turned on and off). The valve is opened and the original liquid extraction pump can work or not. When the original liquid extraction pump is not working, it is necessary to cut off the pipeline where the original liquid extraction pump is located to ensure that the fluid flows into the separation cone), and then send it into the separation cone from the tangential liquid inlet pipe In, so that multiple cycles of separation processing can be realized, and the processing effect can be improved.
所述分离锥内设有上、下端均开口的助旋筒33,所述助旋筒与分离锥同轴,助旋筒上端与锥顶圆板之间密封连接,助旋筒高度大于分离锥高度的三分之二。所述助旋筒的筒侧壁顶部设有若干回流孔331。助旋筒的存在,相当于构成了一段环形通道(助旋筒与分离锥之间),有助于旋流的形成,也可以抑制上升流(如前所述,由于回压所形成油芯和一部分贴着油芯的“水壁”)向外溢散所形成的大量干扰流,可提升处理过程的稳定性。但是,上升流向外扩散所形成的局部涡流和扰流依然存在,而回流孔的设置,能够让上升流上升到顶后,一部分从回流孔流出,对进液形成抵抗回压,从整体上控制进液的平衡,也进一步提升了分离锥内流体流动的规律性和稳定性,可有效提升整体的油水分离效果。 The separation cone is provided with an auxiliary rotation cylinder 33 with both upper and lower ends open. The rotation assistance cylinder is coaxial with the separation cone. The upper end of the separation cone is sealed and connected with the cone top disc. two-thirds of the height. A number of backflow holes 331 are provided on the top of the cylinder side wall of the spin-assisting cylinder. The existence of the spinner is equivalent to forming an annular channel (between the spinner and the separation cone), which is helpful for the formation of the swirl and can also suppress the upward flow (as mentioned earlier, the oil core formed by the back pressure And a part of the "water wall" attached to the oil core) overflows to form a large amount of disturbance flow, which can improve the stability of the treatment process. However, the local vortex and turbulence formed by the outward diffusion of the upflow still exist, and the setting of the return hole can allow the upflow to rise to the top, and part of it will flow out from the return hole, forming a resistance to the back pressure of the incoming liquid, and controlling the flow as a whole. The balance of the fluid also further improves the regularity and stability of the fluid flow in the separation cone, which can effectively improve the overall oil-water separation effect.
所述芯管内设有可相对芯管内上下滑动的自调节管53,自调节管上、下端均开口,自调节管外侧壁与芯管内侧壁之间滑动密封配合,自调节管下端伸出芯管外,自调节管下端设有封住自调节管下端开口的管下封板531,管下封板上设有浮体532,浮体上设有浮基座533,尾管中设有与尾管连接的导向竖杆534,导向竖杆横截面呈矩形,导向竖杆与浮基座滑动连接,浮基座的可滑动方向为上下方向,自调节管侧壁上设有若干与自调节管内部连通的管通油孔535,管通油孔与管进油孔一一对应,在对应的管通油孔与管进油孔中:管通油孔孔径与管进油孔孔径相同,管通油孔与管进油孔轴线重合。 所述导向竖杆通过架体与尾管连接,所述架体包括至少一根横连接杆41,横连接杆一端与尾管内侧壁固定,导向竖杆下端与横连接杆连接。尾管内设有若干与尾管固定的摩擦块42,摩擦块接触自调节管外侧壁,在初时,由于流体含油量较大,此时浮体一部分接触水,其余一部分接触油,此时浮体所受的浮力还不足以超过重力(自调节管、整个浮体结构等的重力)和摩擦力(主要是摩擦块与自调节管之间的摩擦力,其余小部分为自调节管与芯管之间的摩擦力等)之和,所以自调节管不会上下滑动,所以过油总口径(管通油孔或者说管进油孔的孔径,也即油进入自调节管的总口径)不变,正常出油。而当流体含油量降低时(或者说本来含油量就不高时),油芯会变得很细、油芯长度也会减少(油芯下段部分被水替代),“水壁”会变得很厚,由于此时水过分靠近管进油孔,若自调节管的进油速度较快,容易导致水进入芯管(自调节管),影响收集到的油的含油比。而在本方案中,当流体含油量降低到一定程度后,由于油芯变短,所以浮体接触水的部分变多,接触油的部分变少,浮体受到的浮力增大,在某一时刻,浮力超过了重力(自调节管、整个浮体结构等的重力)和摩擦力(主要是摩擦块与自调节管之间的摩擦力,其余小部分为自调节管与芯管之间的摩擦力等)之和,浮体开始带动自调节管上移,从而管通油孔和管进油孔开始错位,过油总口径变小,如此一来,可以降低自调节管内的进油速度,从而可以保障依然只有油进入自调节管,避免此时因进液速度太快而导致的一部分水进入自调节管。相应的,流体含油量越低,浮体带动自调节管上升越多,过油总口径越小,从而实现了过油总口径的自动调节。而且,当流体含油率降低到一定程度后,由于浮体带动自调节管上升达到了极限位置(浮体外部完全被水包围,浮体受到的浮力全部来自于水), 此时管通油孔和管进油孔完全错开,集油管路停止集油,彻底阻断了当流体含油率很低时,水进入集油管路的可能性。 The core tube is provided with a self-regulating tube 53 that can slide up and down relative to the inside of the core tube. The upper and lower ends of the self-regulating tube are both open, and the outer wall of the self-regulating tube and the inner side wall of the core tube are slid and sealed. Outside the tube, the lower end of the self-regulating tube is provided with a tube lower sealing plate 531 that seals the opening of the lower end of the self-regulating tube. Connected guide vertical bar 534, the cross section of the guide vertical bar is rectangular, the guide vertical bar is slidably connected with the floating base, the slidable direction of the floating base is the up and down direction, and there are several self-adjusting tube side walls that are connected to the inside of the self-adjusting tube. Connected pipe oil hole 535, the pipe oil hole corresponds to the pipe oil inlet hole one by one, in the corresponding pipe oil hole and pipe oil inlet hole: the diameter of the pipe oil hole is the same as that of the pipe oil inlet hole The oil hole coincides with the axis of the pipe oil inlet hole. The guide vertical rod is connected with the tail pipe through a frame body, and the frame body includes at least one horizontal connecting rod 41, one end of the horizontal connecting rod is fixed to the inner side wall of the tail pipe, and the lower end of the guiding vertical rod is connected with the horizontal connecting rod. A number of friction blocks 42 fixed to the tail pipe are arranged inside the tail pipe. The friction blocks contact the outer wall of the self-regulating pipe. At the beginning, due to the large oil content of the fluid, part of the floating body contacts water and the rest contacts oil. The buoyancy is not enough to exceed gravity (the gravity of the self-regulating tube, the entire floating body structure, etc.) and friction (mainly the friction between the friction block and the self-regulating tube, and the remaining small part is the friction between the self-regulating tube and the core tube. friction force, etc.), so the self-adjusting tube will not slide up and down, so the total diameter of the oil (the diameter of the oil hole of the tube or the oil inlet hole of the tube, that is, the total diameter of the oil entering the self-regulating tube) remains unchanged, normal Oil out. When the oil content of the fluid decreases (or when the oil content is not high), the oil core will become very thin, the length of the oil core will also decrease (the lower part of the oil core will be replaced by water), and the "water wall" will become Very thick, because the water is too close to the oil inlet hole of the tube at this time, if the oil inlet speed of the self-regulating tube is fast, it is easy to cause water to enter the core tube (self-regulating tube), which will affect the oil content ratio of the collected oil. However, in this solution, when the oil content of the fluid is reduced to a certain extent, since the oil wick becomes shorter, more parts of the floating body contact with water and less parts of the floating body contact with oil, and the buoyancy force on the floating body increases. At a certain moment, The buoyancy exceeds gravity (the gravity of the self-adjusting tube, the entire floating body structure, etc.) and friction (mainly the friction between the friction block and the self-adjusting tube, and the rest is the friction between the self-adjusting tube and the core tube, etc. ), the floating body starts to drive the self-regulating tube to move up, so that the oil hole of the tube and the oil inlet hole of the tube start to misalign, and the total diameter of the oil passing through becomes smaller. Still only the oil enters the self-regulating pipe, so as to avoid part of the water entering the self-regulating pipe due to too fast liquid inlet speed at this time. Correspondingly, the lower the oil content of the fluid, the more the floating body drives the self-adjusting pipe to rise, and the smaller the total diameter of the oil passage, thus realizing the automatic adjustment of the total diameter of the oil passage. Moreover, when the oil content of the fluid is reduced to a certain level, since the floating body drives the self-regulating tube to rise to the limit position (the outside of the floating body is completely surrounded by water, and all the buoyancy on the floating body comes from water), at this time, the oil hole of the pipe and the inlet of the pipe The oil holes are completely staggered, and the oil collection pipeline stops collecting oil, completely blocking the possibility of water entering the oil collection pipeline when the oil content of the fluid is very low.
所述集油管路包括集油主管54、过渡接管55,集油主管一端与集油罐连通,集油主管另一端与过渡接管一端连通,过渡接管另一端与芯管上端连通。所述集油主管上设有集油泵56、集油单向阀57,集油泵的抽液方向为由芯管至集油泵,集油泵的排液方向为由集油泵至集油罐,集油单向阀的可通过方向为由集油泵至集油罐,出原液管与切向进液管之间设有进液通断阀131。通过各泵、阀能够提升处理过程的可控制性和精确性。 The oil-collecting pipeline includes an oil-collecting main pipe 54 and a transition pipe 55. One end of the oil-collecting main pipe communicates with the oil collection tank, the other end of the oil-collecting main pipe communicates with one end of the transition pipe, and the other end of the transition pipe communicates with the upper end of the core pipe. The oil collecting main pipe is provided with an oil collecting pump 56 and an oil collecting check valve 57. The liquid pumping direction of the oil collecting pump is from the core pipe to the oil collecting pump, and the liquid discharge direction of the oil collecting pump is from the oil collecting pump to the oil collecting tank. The direction through which the check valve can pass is from the oil collecting pump to the oil collecting tank, and a liquid inlet on-off valve 131 is arranged between the raw liquid outlet pipe and the tangential liquid inlet pipe. The controllability and accuracy of the treatment process can be improved by various pumps and valves.
还包括电絮凝后处理结构、后处理泵61,电絮凝后处理结构包括处理容器62、后处理进液管63、后处理出液管64,后处理进液管上设有若干与后处理进液管连通的进液头631,后处理出液管上设有若干与后处理出液管连通的出液头641,处理容器中设有一排弧形电极板65,相邻两块弧形电极板在处理容器中围成一处理单腔,处理单腔与进液头一一对应,处理单腔与出液头一一对应,进液头、出液头均处在对应的处理单腔内,后处理泵上设有与后处理泵进口连通的进处理液管66、与后处理泵出口连通的出处理液管67,进处理液管的进口端伸入集液槽中,出处理液管的出口端与后处理进液管连通,出处理液管上设有出处理液通断阀671。前述分离处理完毕后,排出的处理液含油率已经很低了,此时再通过物理方法除油的话,效果很不明显,所以采用电絮凝法,可以提升最终的处理效果。电极板可以采用铁含量为10%的铝铁合金板。因为单纯的铝电极板产生Al(OH)3絮凝剂对含油污水中大部分的乳化油和悬浮油具有较好去除效果,对含油污水中小部分的溶解油(COD)去除效果较差。而铝铁合金电极板会产生具有一定氧化性Fe3+,故 可氧化小分子结构的溶解油。电极板可采用半圆形竖流弯曲结构形式,相对于平流的电极板结构提高絮凝效率,而弯曲的电极板还可以增大含油污水在反应器中流动距离,增加了含油污水反应时间,故能充分去除含油污水中的油分和污染物。电极板可以每隔一端时间交换一次正负极,避免电极板附近浓差极化造成水电解而产生的电能损耗。 It also includes an electrocoagulation post-treatment structure and a post-treatment pump 61. The electro-coagulation post-treatment structure includes a treatment container 62, a post-treatment liquid inlet pipe 63, and a post-treatment liquid outlet pipe 64. The post-treatment liquid inlet pipe is provided with several The liquid inlet head 631 connected by the liquid pipe, the post-treatment liquid outlet pipe is provided with a number of liquid outlet heads 641 connected with the post-treatment liquid outlet pipe, and a row of arc-shaped electrode plates 65 is arranged in the processing container, and two adjacent arc-shaped electrodes The plate forms a processing single chamber in the processing container, and the processing single chamber corresponds to the liquid inlet head one by one, and the processing single chamber corresponds to the liquid outlet head one by one, and the liquid inlet head and the liquid outlet head are all in the corresponding processing single chamber , the post-treatment pump is provided with an inlet treatment liquid pipe 66 communicated with the inlet of the after-treatment pump, and an outlet treatment liquid pipe 67 communicated with the outlet of the after-treatment pump. The outlet end of the pipe is connected with the post-treatment liquid inlet pipe, and the treatment liquid outlet pipe is provided with an on-off valve 671 for the treatment liquid. After the above-mentioned separation treatment, the oil content of the discharged treatment liquid is already very low. At this time, if the oil is removed by physical methods, the effect is not obvious. Therefore, the use of electroflocculation can improve the final treatment effect. The electrode plate can be an aluminum-iron alloy plate with an iron content of 10%. Because the Al(OH) 3 flocculant produced by the pure aluminum electrode plate has a good removal effect on most of the emulsified oil and suspended oil in the oily sewage, and has a poor removal effect on a small part of the dissolved oil (COD) in the oily sewage. The Al-Fe alloy electrode plate will produce Fe 3+ with certain oxidizing properties, so it can oxidize the dissolved oil with small molecular structure. The electrode plate can adopt a semicircular vertical flow curved structure, which improves the flocculation efficiency compared with the advection electrode plate structure, and the curved electrode plate can also increase the flow distance of oily sewage in the reactor and increase the reaction time of oily sewage, so It can fully remove oil and pollutants in oily sewage. The electrode plate can exchange the positive and negative electrodes every other time to avoid the power loss caused by the electrolysis of water caused by concentration polarization near the electrode plate.
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