CN105842840B - Imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a symmetrical zoom lens imitating the lamellar structure of the human eye lens, which comprises a housing, a first lens unit, a second lens unit, a third lens unit, and a plug post 1 and a plug post 2 arranged in the case. The first lens unit includes a front lens, the third lens unit includes a rear lens, and the second lens unit sequentially includes pressure ring one, lens one, pressure ring two, lens two, pressure ring three, and lens three 4, pressure ring 4, lens 4 and pressure ring 5, and the first, second and third sealed cavities formed therebetween, the sealed cavities are filled with optical liquid. The variable focus lens of the present invention changes the surface curvature radius of the transparent elastic lens by injecting or extracting the optical liquid in the sealed cavity, thereby realizing continuous zooming within the zoom range required by the design. The invention has the advantages of small size, high imaging quality, stable optical axis, convenient operation, easy processing, etc., and can be widely used in various modern imaging systems.

Description

Symmetrical Zoom Lens with Imitation Lens Lamellar Structure

technical field

The invention relates to a bionic machine vision device, in particular to a symmetrical zoom lens imitating the layered structure of a lens.

Background technique

With the increasing demand for intelligence, miniaturization, and integration, bionic robot technology has attracted increasing attention and has become a hot direction in the field of engineering science. Its principle is to improve existing or create new machinery, instruments, processing techniques, etc. through the study, imitation, replication and reengineering of the structure, function, operation mechanism and control principles of biological systems. Bionic robots integrate many high technologies, and their applications not only move from the manufacturing field to the non-manufacturing field, but also continue to expand to non-industrial fields such as military, anti-riot, medical, service, and entertainment at an alarming speed.

For robots, vision is a very important means of perception. Traditional zooming or focusing requires the use of special drive motors to provide precise control of the mechanical position of the independent components, so that the independent components can move along precisely calculated trajectories to adjust the optical distance between the optical components. Therefore, the traditional zoom lens has complex structure, limited response speed, and high cost. In the process of miniaturization, the ratio of the surface to the volume of the conventional zoom lens increases, which makes the influence of friction become significant, making miniaturization difficult. There is no denying that the human eye is not only simple in structure, but also far superior to any imaging device currently manufactured artificially in terms of structural size, response speed, and various extraordinary functions. One of the key reasons for this lies in the various characteristics of the human eye lens. With the help of the contraction or relaxation of the ciliary muscle, the lens can change the radius of curvature of its front and rear surfaces, thereby changing the diopter of the human eye, so that objects at different distances can be imaged on the retina. However, according to the existing biomedical research results, the change range of the front and rear surfaces of the lens is very small, and the imaging quality of the human eye does not decrease during the process of changing the focal length. A very important reason is that the lens is composed of multilayer thin films, and its refractive index gradually increases from the outer layer to the inner layer, showing a gradient distribution.

In recent years, many researchers at home and abroad have proposed bionic zoom lenses. The zoom principle is based on the mechanism of changing the radius of curvature of the surface by the human eye. It has the advantages of small size, fast response, simple structure, and low cost. However, the existing designs all consider the internal structure of the lens, and at the same time, there are insufficient design freedoms and unsatisfactory imaging quality, so that the bionic zoom lens cannot be compared with the traditional zoom lens.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a symmetrical zoom lens imitating the layered structure of the lens, which uses a transparent elastic lens and optical liquid to imitate the layered structure of the human eye lens, provides greater freedom in optical design, and adopts a symmetrical optical structure. Perfect bionic zoom lens technology to improve imaging quality.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A symmetrical zoom lens imitating the layered structure of the human eye lens, comprising a housing, a first lens unit, a second lens unit, a third lens unit, and a plunger one and a plunger two, the first The lens unit includes a front lens, the third lens unit includes a rear lens, and the second lens unit sequentially includes pressure ring one, lens one, pressure ring two, lens two, pressure ring three, lens three, and pressure ring four , Lens 4 and pressure ring 5, wherein, Lens 1, Lens 2, Lens 3, and Lens 4 are all transparent elastic lenses;

The lens 1, lens 2 and pressure ring 2 form a first sealed cavity, the lens 2, lens 3 and pressure ring 3 form a second sealed cavity, and the lens 3, lens 4 and pressure ring 4 form a third sealed cavity , the first sealed cavity and the third sealed cavity are respectively connected to the plug post one through the through holes arranged on the pressure ring two and the pressure ring four and the channel on the shell, and the second sealed cavity is connected to the plug post one through the channel arranged on the pressure ring three The through hole of the through hole and the channel on the housing are connected to the second plunger; the pressure ring three is provided with a diaphragm, and the diaphragm is located at the center of the second lens unit as the field diaphragm of the zoom lens;

The plunger one contains an optical liquid one, and the optical liquid one enters or exits the first sealed cavity and the third sealed cavity through the piston action of the plunger one; the plunger two contains an optical liquid two , the optical liquid II enters or exits the second sealed cavity through the piston action of the plug rod II.

Further, the optical liquid 1 and the optical liquid 2 have different refractive indices, satisfying the condition: Nq ₁ <Nq ₂ , where Nq ₁ is the refractive index of the optical liquid 1, and Nq ₂ is the refractive index of the optical liquid 2; the Lens 1, Lens 2, Lens 3, and Lens 4 are made of the same material, have the same refractive index Ns, and satisfy the condition: Nq ₁ <Ns<Nq ₂ .

Further, the front and rear surfaces of lens 1, lens 2, lens 3, and lens 4 are all paraboloids, and the shape and edge thickness of each paraboloid are optimized and calculated according to the requirements of optical design, and satisfy: each lens is three-way Outer bulge.

Preferably, the front lens is installed in a groove at the front end of the housing and fixed by a pressure ring.

Preferably, the second lens unit is mounted and fixed inside the housing through screw fit between the plug and the housing.

Preferably, the rear lens is installed in the groove of the plug, and is fixed by the pressure ring 6 through screws.

Preferably, the through holes on the pressure ring 2 and the pressure ring 4 are arranged on the same side, and are opposite to the grooves on the inner wall of the housing, forming a channel for the optical liquid 1.

Preferably, the through hole on the pressure ring 3 is opposite to a through hole on the casing, forming a channel for the optical liquid 2 .

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

First, the initial radius of curvature and thickness of the front and rear surfaces of the transparent elastic lens in the present invention are design variables, which can be optimized and calculated according to the requirements of optical design; a total of four transparent elastic lenses are used, which can provide 12 additional design degrees of freedom for optical design .

Secondly, the front and rear surfaces of the transparent elastic lens in the present invention are both paraboloids; the use of aspheric surfaces can effectively reduce the primary aberration and further improve the imaging quality.

Again, the lens group among the present invention is made up of front lens, rear lens and four transparent elastic lenses, and field diaphragm is placed in the central area of whole zoom lens, zoom lens is designed as symmetrical optical structure, can Effectively reduce off-axis aberrations and improve imaging quality.

The zoom lens of the present invention can achieve continuous zooming within the zoom range required by the design, has the advantages of small size, high imaging quality, stable optical axis, convenient operation, easy processing, etc., and can be widely used in various modern imaging systems.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the zoom lens of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the overall 3D explosion diagram of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the overall structure of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a left side view and a sectional view of the shell of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a front view, a left view and a cross-sectional view of the pressure ring 2 of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a front view, a left view and a sectional view of the third embodiment of the pressure ring in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a front view, a left view and a cross-sectional view of the pressure ring four of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the front lens of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the rear lens of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of lens one of the embodiment in Fig. 1;

Description of reference signs: 1-front lens; 2-lens one; 3-lens two; 4-lens three; 5-lens four; 6-rear lens; 7-screw; 8-plug; 9-shell; - pressure ring one; 11- pressure ring two; 12- pressure ring three; 13- pressure ring four; 14- pressure ring five; 15- pressure ring six; 16- plunger one; 17- plunger two; Liquids 1; 19-Optics Liquids 2.

detailed description

In order to further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are only to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, in one embodiment of the present invention, a symmetrical zoom lens imitating the layered structure of the human eye lens consists of a housing 9, a pressure ring one 10, a pressure ring two 11, a pressure ring three 12, Pressure ring four 13, pressure ring five 14, pressure ring six 15, plug, plunger one 16, plunger two 17, front lens 1, rear lens 6, lens one 2, lens two 3, lens three 4, lens 4, 5, Optical Liquid 1 18 and Optical Liquid 2 19. Wherein, the front lens 1 serves as the first lens unit of the zoom lens. Lens one 2, lens two 3, lens three 4, lens four 5, optical liquid one 18 and optical liquid two 19 are used as the second lens unit of the zoom lens, simulating the layered structure of the human eye lens. The pressure ring three 12 except the edge is used for the installation part, the central part with a very thin thickness is used as the field stop of the zoom lens, installed between the lens two 3 and the lens three 4, and is at the center of the second lens unit of the zoom lens . The rear lens 6 serves as the third lens unit of the zoom lens. Thus, the whole symmetrical zoom lens is constituted.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the front lens 1 is installed in the groove at the front end of the casing 9, and is fixed by a pressure ring one 10; lens one 2, pressure ring two 11, lens elastic lens 2, Pressure ring 3 12, lens 3 4, pressure ring 4 13, lens 4 5, pressure ring 5 14, through the threaded cooperation between the plug 8 and the shell 9, the above parts installed inside the shell 9 are fixed; the rear lens 6 is installed In the groove of the plug 8, the pressure ring six 15 is fixed by screws; the pressure ring two 11 and the pressure ring four 13 have a through hole on the same side, which is opposite to the groove on the inner wall of the shell 9; the pressure ring three 12 There is a through hole on one side, opposite to another through hole of shell 9. The plunger one 16 is filled with an optical liquid one 18, which communicates with the through hole opposite to the inner wall groove of the housing 9, and also communicates with the through holes of the pressure ring two 11 and the pressure ring four 13, and the optical liquid one 18 will be filled by the lens one 2. The first sealed cavity formed by pressure ring 2 11 and lens 2 3 and the third sealed cavity formed by lens 3 4, pressure ring 4 13 and lens 4 5; the plunger 2 17 is filled with optical liquid 2 19, and is connected with the shell 9 The other through hole communicates with the through hole of the pressure ring three 12, and the optical liquid two 19 will fill the second sealed cavity formed by the lens two 3, the pressure ring three 12 and the lens three 4.

As shown in FIG. 4 , there is an internal thread on the left side of the housing 9 , which cooperates with the external thread of the plug 8 for fixing and locking. A groove is reserved inside the casing 9, and a through hole communicates with the plunger 16 in the center of the groove. Shell 9 other side also has a through hole, communicates with plunger 2 17.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 7, the pressure ring 2 11 and the pressure ring 4 13 have a through hole on the same side, which is opposite to the groove inside the shell 9, so as to ensure that the plunger 16 can pass through the through hole and groove on the shell 9 , communicate with the through holes of pressure ring two 11 and pressure ring four 13. As shown in Figure 6, there is a through hole on the outside of the pressure ring three 12, and there are two through holes on the inside, the centers of which are radially opposite and connected inside the pressure ring to ensure that the plunger two 17 can pass through another through hole on the casing 9 , communicate with the two through holes on the inner side of the pressure ring three 12.

The first plunger 16 is filled with deionized water, and its refractive index is Nq ₁ =1.333; the second plunger 17 is filled with ethyl silicone oil, and its refractive index is Nq ₂ =1.438; the condition is satisfied: Nq ₁ <Nq ₂ . Lens 1 2 , Lens 2 3 , Lens 3 4 and Lens 4 5 are all made of cured PDMS material, and their refractive index is Ns=1.404, satisfying the condition: Nq ₁ <Ns<Nq ₂ . The cured PDMS material is obtained by mixing and crosslinking PDMS solution and curing agent, and the mixing ratio is 1:20.

The plunger one 16 communicates with the through hole of the inner wall groove relative to the shell 9, and also communicates with the through holes of the pressure ring two 11 and the pressure ring four 13, and the deionized water will be filled with lens one 2, pressure ring two 11, The first sealed cavity formed by lens two 3 and the third sealed cavity formed by lens three 4, pressure ring four 13, and lens four 5; plunger two 17 is communicated with another through hole of housing 9, which is also connected with pressure ring three 12 The through holes are connected, and the ethyl silicone oil will fill the second sealed cavity formed by the lens two 3, the pressure ring three 12, and the lens three 4. Its working principle is as follows: when plunger one 16 injects deionized water into the sealed cavity, lens one 2 and lens four 5 will expand outwards and deform, and the focal length will become smaller at this time; when plunger two 17 injects deionized water into the closed cavity When ethyl silicone oil is injected inside, the increased liquid volume first acts on lens two 3 and lens three 4, causing them to expand outward and deform; because lens two 3 and lens three 4 expand outward, so lens one 2 and lens four 5 also It will expand outward and deform, and the focal length will become smaller at this time. Conversely, when plunger one 16 draws out the ionized water from the airtight cavity, lens one 2 and lens four 5 retract inward and deform, and the focal length becomes larger at this time; when plunger two 17 is pulled out from the airtight cavity In the case of ethyl silicone oil, because the volume of the liquid decreases, lens two 3 and lens three 4 retract inward and deform; because lens two 3 and lens three 4 retract inwardly, so lens one 2 and lens four 5 will also retract inward Retraction, deformation occurs, and the focal length becomes larger at this time. Through independent control of the two plungers, it is possible to zoom continuously within the zoom range required by the design.

The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens, including shell and the first lens list in shell Member, the second lens unit, the 3rd lens unit, and stick harness one and stick harness two, first lens unit include supplementary lens (1), the 3rd lens unit includes rearmounted lens (6), it is characterised in that：

Second lens unit includes pressure ring one (10), lens one (2), pressure ring two (11), lens two (3), pressure ring three successively (12), lens three (4), pressure ring four (13), lens four (5) and pressure ring five (14), wherein, lens one (2), lens two (3), lens Three (4), lens four (5) are transparent elastic lens；It is close that the lens one (2), lens two (3) and pressure ring two (11) form first Chamber is sealed, the lens two (3), lens three (4) and pressure ring three (12) form the second annular seal space, the lens three (4), lens four (5) and pressure ring four (13) forms the 3rd annular seal space, and the first annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space are respectively by located at pressure ring two (11) stick harness one (16) is connected with the passage on the through hole and shell on pressure ring four (13), second annular seal space passes through located at pressure Passage connection stick harness two (17) on through hole and shell on ring three (12)；Diaphragm, the light are provided with the pressure ring three (12) Door screen is at the center of the second lens unit, the field stop as the zoom lens；

Optical liquid one (18), the piston that the optical liquid one (18) passes through stick harness one (16) are filled in the stick harness one (16) Act on the into or out first annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space；Optical liquid two (19) is filled in the stick harness two (17), Into or out second annular seal space of piston effect that the optical liquid two (19) passes through stick harness two (17).

2. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light Learning liquid one (18) and optical liquid two (19) has different refractive indexes, meets condition：Nq₁<Nq₂, wherein Nq₁It is optics liquid The refractive index of body one (18), Nq₂It is the refractive index of optical liquid two (19)；The lens one (2), lens two (3), lens three (4), lens four (5) are made of same material, have identical refractive index Ns, and meet condition：Nq₁<Ns<Nq₂。

3. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described Mirror one (2), lens two (3), lens three (4), the front and rear surfaces of lens four (5) are parabola, each paraboloidal shape and Edge thickness optimizes calculating according to optical design requirements, and meets：Lens one (2), lens two (3), lens three (4) and thoroughly Mirror four (5) is relative to pressure ring three (12) outwardly convex.

4. the apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim any one of 1-3, its feature exist In：The supplementary lens (1) is arranged in the groove of shell (9) front end, fixed by pressure ring one (10).

5. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described Two lens units are coordinated by the screw thread of plug (8) and shell (9) is mounted on shell (9) inside.

6. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：After described Lens (6) are put in the groove of plug (8), are fixed by pressure ring six (15) by screw.

7. the apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that：Institute State the through hole on pressure ring two (11) and pressure ring four (13) and be located at the same side, and it is relative with the groove on shell (9) madial wall, Form the passage of the optical liquid one (18).

8. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The pressure Through hole on ring three (12) is relative with a through hole on shell (9), forms the passage of the optical liquid two (19).