CN105813991A - Mold for glass optical element blank for polishing, and methods for producing glass optical element blank for polishing and optical element - Google Patents
Mold for glass optical element blank for polishing, and methods for producing glass optical element blank for polishing and optical element Download PDFInfo
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- CN105813991A CN105813991A CN201480066195.8A CN201480066195A CN105813991A CN 105813991 A CN105813991 A CN 105813991A CN 201480066195 A CN201480066195 A CN 201480066195A CN 105813991 A CN105813991 A CN 105813991A
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- forming surface
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 91
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L fluoridophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(F)=O DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Boric acid lanthanide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020442 SiO2—TiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000981 epithelium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CNHRNMLCYGFITG-UHFFFAOYSA-A niobium(5+);pentaphosphate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[Nb+5].[Nb+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CNHRNMLCYGFITG-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
- C03B11/084—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses material composition or material properties of press dies therefor
- C03B11/086—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses material composition or material properties of press dies therefor of coated dies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
- C03B2215/02—Press-mould materials
- C03B2215/08—Coated press-mould dies
- C03B2215/10—Die base materials
- C03B2215/11—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
- C03B2215/02—Press-mould materials
- C03B2215/08—Coated press-mould dies
- C03B2215/14—Die top coat materials, e.g. materials for the glass-contacting layers
- C03B2215/20—Oxide ceramics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
The objective of the present invention is to provide a mold which is used to produce a glass optical element blank for polishing by press-molding a softened glass material in an air ambient and which has excellent durability and long life. A mold according to the present invention is a mold which has at least an upper die and a lower die and is used to produce a glass optical element blank for polishing by press-molding a softened glass material in an air ambient, wherein a molding surface of at least one of the upper die and the lower die has an oxide ceramic film with a thickness of 5 [mu]m or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of grinding glass optical component blank mould and grinding glass optical component blank and optical element.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the variation of optical element and extensively change, the needs of the optical element of glass also improve.
Forming method as glass optical components such as optical lenses, it is known to compression molding method, the glass mold pressing softened is formed type by it.If substantially distinguishing this compression molding method, then can enumerate the type method that is molded directly into, reheat compression molding method and these 3 kinds of methods of precise compression molding method (also referred to as mould compression molding method).
In these forming methods, it is molded directly into type method and reheating compression molding method is following method, namely, compression molding is carried out with the short time glass raw material to having softened, it is formed at the optical element blank that the optical element shape as target is approximate, afterwards, this optical element blank is carried out grinding/grinding and polish is optical element.On the other hand, precise compression molding method is the method by the forming surface shape transfer after Precision Machining is formed the optical element as target to the glass softened in nonoxidizing atmosphere, in the method, it is not necessary to the grinding/grinding of products formed.
Especially reheat compression molding method, it is possible in air atmosphere, carry out compression molding, it is not necessary to the equipment that price is higher, be therefore widely used (patent documentation 1) all the time.But, there are the following problems in the method.
Under normal circumstances, reheat in compression molding, use the mould being made up of metal materials such as cast irons to carry out under air atmosphere.Now, the forming surface of mould directly contacts with air or the glass raw material that softened at high temperature.Therefore, the oxygen in air or constitute the glass ingredient of glass raw material and react with material metal materials such as () cast irons constituting forming surface, it is easy to make forming surface chemical deteriorate.
It addition, in reheating compression molding, use mould that the glass raw material softened is pressed, thus forming the molded body (grinding glass optical component blank) of the shape with regulation.Now, the glass softened is hot sticky in forming surface sometimes.Especially, if being repeatedly performed reheating compression molding, then the chemical deterioration of forming surface is promoted, and therefore has the hot sticky tendency promoting the glass in forming surface.
The hot sticky meeting of the glass in this forming surface causes the physical property deterioration of the deterioration of release property, forming surface.Namely, if the glass in generation forming surface is hot sticky, then sometimes the molded body after compression molding cannot be separated from mould or namely allow to be shaped the demoulding of body, remain the glass of hot sticky forming surface after the demoulding and become the concavo-convex reason of forming surface.In this case, it is impossible to be continuing with identical mould, it is therefore desirable to interrupt continuous print mold pressing procedure, be shaped the maintenance in face or the exchange of mould continually.
So, the problem reheated in compression molding is the lifetime of mould (especially forming surface).But, along with the raising of the needs of optical element in recent years, it is desirable to the raising of the productivity ratio of optical element and/or cost degradation, reach above-mentioned target in, the long lifetime of mould is necessary problem.Especially the raising of the durability of forming surface is expected.
Such as, as the method for the durability improving forming surface, it is possible to enumerate the technology being protected forming surface by the guard method (such as the formation etc. of Cr plating or metal epithelium) of the metal coverings such as all the time known cast iron.But; the guard method of this forming surface is suitable for the mould that room temperature uses; but for the mould reheating mold pressing used under the air atmosphere of high temperature, the overlay film of Cr plating etc. easily deteriorates, cannot adequately protect forming surface in continuous print compression molding repeatedly.
It addition, as the method preventing glass heat from sticking at forming surface, employ following technology all the time, i.e. when compression molding, the releasing agents such as boron nitride are coated mould and glass raw material at least any one.But, in this approach, although release property is improved, but the releasing agents such as boron nitride compare and have mobility (not being immobilized onto forming surface), and therefore a part for forming surface is exposed sometimes, it is impossible to the glass being substantially prevented from forming surface hot sticky.
Prior art literature
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: JP 2001-19446 publication
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention to solve
The present invention completes in view of this practical situation, its object is to provide long-life mould of a kind of excellent in te pins of durability, this mould for carrying out compression molding to the glass raw material softened and manufacturing grinding glass optical component blank in air atmosphere.
Means for solving the above
The present inventor is in order to solve above-mentioned problem; it is repeatedly performed deep experimental study; itself found that; the membrane of oxide ceramics utilizing the thickness with regulation protects the substrate surface corresponding with the forming surface of mould; thus also be able to improve the durability of mould (especially forming surface) even for the reheating compression molding under air atmosphere, thus completing the present invention.
The main points of the present invention are as follows.
[1] a kind of mould, it at least has upper die and lower die, and this mould for carrying out compression molding to the glass raw material softened and manufacturing grinding glass optical component blank in air atmosphere, wherein,
The forming surface of at least one in above-mentioned upper die and lower die has the membrane of oxide ceramics that thickness is more than 5 μm.
[2] mould as described in above-mentioned [1], wherein, above-mentioned membrane of oxide ceramics comprises at least one in the group selecting free silicon oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide composition.
[3] mould as described in above-mentioned [1] or [2], wherein, above-mentioned membrane of oxide ceramics comprises colloidal silica.
[4] mould as described in any one of above-mentioned [1]～[3], wherein, above-mentioned membrane of oxide ceramics is less than 50 μm.
[5] a kind of manufacture method grinding use glass optical component blank, it includes following operation:
Prepare the operation of mould described in any one of above-mentioned [1]～[4]；With
Mold pressing procedure, wherein, after the glass raw material being made up of optical glass being reheated under air atmosphere, utilizes described mould that the described glass raw material softened is carried out compression molding.
[6] manufacture method of a kind of optical element, it includes following operation:
The grinding glass optical component blank that manufacture method manufacture described in above-mentioned [5] is obtained carries out the grinding process of grinding；With
The grinding step that grinding glass optical component blank through above-mentioned grinding process is ground.
Invention effect
Mould according to the present invention, even if for the glass raw material softened being carried out under air atmosphere compression molding, manufacturing grinding glass optical component blank, it also is able to prevent the deterioration of mould (especially forming surface), compression molding can be carried out continuously, it is possible to improve the productivity ratio of molding procedure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an example of the mould illustrating an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view amplified by the counterdie of the part as the mould shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an example of the mold pressing procedure of the mould being shown with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart illustrating the operation being manufactured optical lens by grinding glass lens blank.
Detailed description of the invention
The mould of the present invention at least has upper die and lower die, this mould for carrying out compression molding to the glass raw material softened and manufacturing grinding glass optical component blank in air atmosphere, wherein, the forming surface of at least one in above-mentioned upper die and lower die has the membrane of oxide ceramics that thickness is more than 5 μm.
Mould according to this present invention, even if for the glass raw material softened being carried out under air atmosphere compression molding, manufacturing grinding glass optical component blank, it also is able to prevent the deterioration of mould (especially going up the forming surface of mould and/or counterdie), compression molding can be carried out continuously, it is possible to improve the productivity ratio of molding procedure.
Below, the mold pressing procedure (manufacture method of grinding glass optical component blank) of the mould of the present invention and manufacture method thereof and the mould that employs the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention is not by any restriction of following embodiment, and the change that can apply to be suitable in the scope of the purpose of the present invention is implemented.It should be noted that about the place of repeat specification, omit the description aptly sometimes, but be not used to the purport of restriction invention.
< mould >
Hereinafter, for the mould shown in Fig. 1, one mode of the present invention is illustrated.It should be noted that identical in figure or appropriate section are marked identical label its explanation no longer repeatedly.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an example of the mould illustrating an embodiment of the invention.The mould cited by Fig. 1 cylinder mould 30 by the upper mould 21 with forming surface and counterdie 11 and by mould on this 21 and ring-type that counterdie 11 regulation is substantially coaxial shape is constituted, and the respective forming surface 27,17 of upper mould 21 and counterdie 11 has the membrane of oxide ceramics 25,15 that thickness is more than 5 μm.
It should be noted that in the mould of present embodiment, cylinder mould 30 is arbitrary component parts.That is, about cylinder mould 30, when to utilize other method can be substantially coaxial shape by upper mould 21 and counterdie 11 regulation, it is not also necessary.
It addition, in the mould of present embodiment, if membrane of oxide ceramics be formed at counterdie 11 and upper mould 21 at least any one, it is preferred that be expected to that both are upper is formed.
Then, for the counterdie shown in Fig. 2, the mould of present embodiment is described in detail.Fig. 2 is the sectional view amplified by the counterdie 11 of the part as the mould shown in Fig. 1.It should be noted that about upper mould 12, omit the description, but can be identical with the situation of counterdie 11.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the counterdie 11 as a part for the mould of present embodiment is made up of base material 13 and the membrane of oxide ceramics 15 being formed at substrate surface 13A, the surface making membrane of oxide ceramics 15 is forming surface 17.That is, the forming surface 17 of present embodiment has the membrane of oxide ceramics 15 that thickness t is more than 5 μm.
Utilize this counterdie 11, even if being repeatedly performed reheating compression molding under air atmosphere, it is also possible to prevent substrate surface 13A oxygen directly and in air or the glass contact softened.It addition, in the forming surface 17 of this present embodiment, glass is hot sticky and to residue in the situation of forming surface few, it is possible to prevent the physical property of forming surface from deteriorating.The counterdie 11 of the present embodiment with this forming surface 17 has high-durability for continuous print compression molding.
The thickness t of the membrane of oxide ceramics 15 of present embodiment is more than 5 μm, it is preferred to more than 10 μm, be more preferably more than 20 μm.It addition, the preferred upper limit of the thickness t of membrane of oxide ceramics 15 is less than 80 μm, is more preferably less than 50 μm.If the thickness t of membrane of oxide ceramics 15 becomes too thin, then forming surface 17 is tended to decline for the durability of continuous print compression molding.It addition, the thickness t of membrane of oxide ceramics 15 to become the thickness more than than necessity more thick, then be more easily peeled off.
It should be noted that, the thickness t of the membrane of oxide ceramics of the present invention indicates that the average film thickness at more than 9 places in the membrane of oxide ceramics being formed at forming surface (such as, any 9 places on 2 lines of orthogonal (each 4 points of the central point of forming surface and r/3 and 2r/3 when the radius of forming surface is set to r) by the central point of forming surface).The thickness of membrane of oxide ceramics such as SEM based on the plane of disruption of film measures or uses known ultrasonic type determining film thickness device, induction film thickness gauge, β Radiolucent formula film thickness gauge etc. to measure.
It is further preferred, that the membrane of oxide ceramics 15 of present embodiment expects be formed at substrate surface 13A according to the mode thoroughly carrying out covering whole.
In the present embodiment, oxide ceramics constitutes membrane of oxide ceramics 15 as main constituent.Therefore, membrane of oxide ceramics 15 preferably comprises the oxide ceramics of more than 60 mass %, more preferably comprises more than 80 mass % it is preferred that comprise more than 90 mass %, particularly preferably comprise more than 95%.In membrane of oxide ceramics 15, by making oxide ceramics be main constituent, even if thus when being use in the oxidizing atmosphere of high temperature, it is also possible to prevent the deterioration of overlay film, and then be possible to prevent forming surface generation chemical/physical property deterioration.
It addition, as this oxide ceramics, it is possible to enumerate at least one in the group being selected from being made up of silicon oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.Especially from the view point of the durability of overlay film, it is preferable that silicon oxide.It should be noted that membrane of oxide ceramics 15 can be made up of any one of the simple substance of above-mentioned oxide ceramics or mixture, but it is preferred that, it is desirable to it is made up of the simple substance of silicon oxide.
It addition, as the composition beyond above-mentioned oxide ceramics, membrane of oxide ceramics 15 such as can comprise boron nitride (BN), carborundum (SiC), aluminium nitride (AlN), ferrum oxide (Fe2O3), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) etc. composition.These compositions can contain wittingly, it is also possible to inevitably (impurity levels) contains.It should be noted that when membrane of oxide ceramics 15 comprises these compositions, the total of its content is preferably below 40 mass %.If these compositions are too much, then membrane of oxide ceramics 15 tends to become fragile, and forming surface is tended to deteriorate because of continuous print compression molding.
It addition, in addition to the above ingredients, membrane of oxide ceramics 15 may be embodied in and manufactures the various oxide components that cannot get rid of or metal ingredient etc. as inevitable composition.
In the present embodiment, base material 13 has the surface 13A corresponding to forming surface 17.The shape of this surface 13A is formed according to the shape following the glass forming body (grinding glass optical component blank) being shaped.Such as convex surface shape, concave curved planar can be enumerated, plane etc..
It addition, the material of base material 13 can according to suitable selections such as the hardness of the glass being shaped or glass transition temperature Tg, it is possible to enumerate such as rustless steel, cast iron etc..Compared with cast iron, stainless price is higher, but thermostability is high, can bear long-standing use, is thus suitable for the glass material that glass transition temperature is higher.It addition, the low price of cast iron, and processability is good.Therefore, the material of base material 13 can select according to the characteristic of the glass being shaped is suitable.It should be noted that from the view point of improve the adaptation of base material 13 and membrane of oxide ceramics 15, it is preferable that the thermal coefficient of expansion making both is close.
The manufacture method > of < mould
Then, about the manufacture method of the mould shown in Fig. 1, enumerate an example and illustrate.
The manufacture method of the mould of present embodiment has the operation of the substrate surface of the operation preparing the base material corresponding to upper die and lower die and at least one being formed in described upper die and lower die by membrane of oxide ceramics.
Hereinafter, the method for the substrate surface 13A of the counterdie 11 that membrane of oxide ceramics 15 is formed at Fig. 2 is illustrated.It should be noted that about upper mould 21, omit the description, but can be identical with the situation of counterdie 11.
In present embodiment, first prepare coating solution.In present embodiment, coating solution form membrane of oxide ceramics 15.Coating solution is constituted including at least oxide ceramics and solvent.
As oxide ceramics, it is possible to enumerate at least one in the group being selected from being made up of silicon oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.Especially from the view point of durability, it is preferred to silicon oxide.It should be noted that oxide ceramics can only be used singly, or in combination of two or more kinds.
It addition, as oxide ceramics, it may be preferred to the powder that uses mean diameter to be less than 5 μm, the powder of more preferably use less than 1 μm.
It addition, as solvent, it is possible to use water or organic solvent.
The coating solution of present embodiment at least mixed oxide pottery and solvent form.For mixed method, it does not have be particularly limited to, it is possible to use known method.It addition, for the blending ratio of oxide ceramics and solvent, also without being particularly limited to, with general coating it is also possible to regulate according to the mode becoming the desired viscosity corresponding to coating process is suitable.
It addition, coating solution can contain pottery other than the above or oxide etc. as the solid constituent beyond above-mentioned oxide ceramics.Wherein, the total content of these compositions is preferably below the 40 mass % of solid constituent entirety (including oxide ceramics).
Further, coating solution can contain various dispersant, the bonding additive such as material, plasticizer as required.The total content of these additives is desired for below the 10 mass % that coating solution is overall.
It addition, the coating solution of present embodiment preferably comprises colloidal silica as binding agent.Colloidal silica is constituted membrane of oxide ceramics with the form of silicon oxide after firing, therefore can form firmly film.
Then, the base material 13 corresponding to counterdie is prepared.As long as the material of base material 13 selects according to the material (characteristic) or molding temperature etc. of the glass carrying out compression molding are suitable.It addition, the shape of base material 13 can the shape according to molding device or as the glass forming body (grinding glass optical component blank) of target be suitable for selecting.
Especially, the shape of substrate surface 13A is corresponding to the shape of forming surface 17.That is, the shape of surface 13A is formed according to the mode of the shape following the glass forming body being shaped, and glass forming body is according to the suitable setting of shape as target.It can be such as convex surface shape, concave curved planar, plane etc..
It should be noted that about substrate surface 13A, the pre-treatments such as injection (blast) processing can be implemented as required.Additionally it may be desirable to substrate surface 13A removes the refuses such as the bits such as oils and fats or grindstone dust in advance.Process by implementing these, it is possible to improve the adaptation of substrate surface 13A and membrane of oxide ceramics 15.
Then, coating solution is coated substrate surface 13A [painting process].For coating process, it does not have be particularly limited to, it is possible to use known method carries out.Such as spraying (spraycoat) method, hairbrush coating (brushcoating) method such as method, infusion process can be enumerated.
About coating weight, it is possible to according to the suitable adjustment such as thickness t being intended to the membrane of oxide ceramics 15 formed, but when making thickness t thickening, it is preferable that be divided into 2 times and carried out above be again coated with.If being once just coated with substantial amounts of coating solution, then dried membrane of oxide ceramics cracks sometimes.It addition, because of the shape of base material, the thickness of dried membrane of oxide ceramics produces deviation sometimes.
Such as, as in figure 2 it is shown, forming surface 17 expectation chases after from the shape of substrate surface 13A.But, as base material 13, when surface 13A is concave surface, if in a large number coating solution being coated surface 13A, then it is scattered in the recess on the 13A of surface of the oxide ceramics coagulation in coating solution and becomes easy precipitation.Its result is, for the thickness of dried membrane of oxide ceramics, compared with periphery, core is thicker, and forming surface 17 and surface 13A produce the difference of curvature aspect sometimes.If utilizing this forming surface 17 to carry out compression molding, then in molded body, produce shape defect sometimes.
It should be noted that when being again coated with, it is desirable to coated face is carried out the dry of appropriateness, for instance preferably contact coated face with finger and confirm to have carried out the dried of appropriateness, be again coated with.
Then, the mould being coated with coating solution is dried [drying process].Baking temperature can be room temperature～200 DEG C.It addition, drying time can regulate according to the kind of solvent or coating weight are suitable, it is possible to be 1 hour～6 hours.
Afterwards, the mould fully dried for coated face is fired, thus cloth material will be coated with solidify (ablating work procedure).Firing condition can according to suitable adjustments such as the kind of oxide ceramics or thickness, for instance firing temperature can be 90～150 DEG C, the firing time can be 10 minutes～1 hours.
It should be noted that above-mentioned ablating work procedure is arbitrary operation.That is, it needs to mould is controlled the temperature for regulation in mold pressing procedure described later, that therefore can also pass through that heating now has mould in above-mentioned ablating work procedure concurrently fires (solidification of painting cloth material).
Profit in this way, about the counterdie 11 of a part for the mould as present embodiment, it is possible to formed and there is the forming surface 17 of the membrane of oxide ceramics 15 that thickness t is more than 5 μm.Herein, membrane of oxide ceramics 15 is sealed on substrate surface 13A, even if heated, pressurization is peeled off without from base material 13 in an atmosphere.
It addition, the forming surface 17 of this present embodiment preferably has the concavo-convex of appropriateness.That is, being coated with cloth material to solidify on substrate surface 13A, thus forming membrane of oxide ceramics 15, but now, the surface roughness Rz of forming surface 17 is preferably greater than 10 μm.For this forming surface 17, the quenching effect of the glass raw material after the effect be incubated the glass raw material softened before pressing and pressing enjoys expectation.
< grinds with the manufacture method > of glass optical component blank
The manufacture method of the grinding glass optical component blank of present embodiment includes following operation:
Prepare the operation of the mould of present embodiment；With
Mold pressing procedure, wherein, after the glass raw material being made up of optical glass being reheated under air atmosphere, utilizes described mould that the described glass raw material softened is carried out compression molding.
Hereinafter, for grinding glass lens blank, an embodiment of the manufacture method of grinding glass optical component blank is illustrated.Specifically, with reference to Fig. 3 while an example of the mold pressing procedure of the mould employing the present embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is illustrated.It should be noted that the present invention is not by any restriction of implementation below, suitable change can be applied in the scope of the purpose of the present invention and implement.
First, as mould, prepare the mould shown in Fig. 1.That is, prepare forming surface 17 have thickness more than 5 μm membrane of oxide ceramics 15 counterdie 11, forming surface 27 have thickness 5 μm with the upper mould 21 of membrane of oxide ceramics 25 and cylinder mould 31.Further, mould is heated in advance.The heating-up temperature of mould preferably is suitable for adjusting according to the glass raw material being shaped, but it is desirable that, the mode that the temperature of mould pays near temperature according to the sag temperature (Ts) for glass raw material for molding is heated in advance.
On the other hand, the glass raw material 40a being processed into regulation shape (such as polyhedron-shaped, disc-shape, ellipse of revolution shape etc.), predetermined weight (weight as more than the optical element of target) of necessary amount is prepared.Material as glass raw material 40, it does not have be particularly limited to, it is possible to enumerate (1) and at least contain P, O and F and more contain B in glass ingredient as the fluorophosphate system glass of glass ingredient, (2)2O3、La2O3Boric acid lanthanide glass, (3) in glass ingredient, more contain SiO2、TiO2SiO2-TiO2It is that glass, (4) are with P2O5As main constituent and the niobium phosphate system optical glass containing the easy reducing component being made up of Nb, Ti, Bi and W.
The forming method of glass raw material 40a is not particularly limited.Can enumerate such as: the glass plate that will be shaped to tabular cuts off and the sheet glass of the about hexahedral shape that obtains, the discoid sheet glass obtained columned glass raw material to be cut off at equal intervals, utilization are accepted mould and are accepted the melten glass flowed down by nozzle and be then shaped to ellipse of revolution shape the sheet glass etc. carrying out cooling down and obtaining.
Then, the glass raw material 40a softened heating in advance supplies to counterdie 11.Afterwards, upper mould 21 is inserted a mould 30.In Fig. 2 (A), upper mould 21 load that produces also is not applied to glass raw material 40a, therefore maintains the shape of the glass raw material 40a softened.
It addition, in order to prevent the hot sticky of glass, it is preferable that coated release agent at least one of glass raw material 40a and forming surface 17,27.As releasing agent, for instance use the Powdered releasing agent of boron nitride, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide etc..It should be noted that the mould of present embodiment has membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25 in forming surface 17,27, therefore after the demoulding being shaped body, releasing agent easily residues in forming surface 17,27.
Then, as shown in Fig. 2 (B), mould 21 is made to decline thus pressing glass raw material 40a, by the shape that glass raw material 40a compression molding is the forming surface shape imitating upper and lower mould, thus obtaining grinding glass optical component blank 40b.
Glass raw material 40a during compression molding preferably keeps 104～106The viscosity of dPa s.It addition, compression molding carries out in an atmosphere.
Additionally, except the such as shape with convex surface and concave surface shown in Fig. 3 (B), as long as the shape of grinding glass optical component blank 40b is biconvex shape, has convex surface and the shape of plane, the shape that has concave surface and the shape of plane, concave-concave shape etc. approximate with the shape of the glass optical component as target are just not particularly limited.
The grinding glass optical component blank 40b that molding obtains takes out from mould, implements as required to be used for eliminating the heat treatment (annealing) of strain (deformation).
Mould according to present embodiment, the forming surface 17,27 of upper mould 21 and counterdie 11 has membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25, therefore the grinding glass optical component blank 40b that can easily molding be obtained takes out, forming surface 17,27 after taking out grinding glass optical component blank 40b is also difficult to produce by the residual of the hot sticky glass caused, the physical property deterioration of forming surface is few.
Therefore, it is possible to make mould (especially counterdie 11 and upper mould 21) use (such as punching press number of times is more than 500 times, is more preferably more than 700 times) continuously, it is possible to continuous several times is above-mentioned mold pressing procedure repeatedly.
Generally, as one of major reason used continuously hindering mould, hot sticky for the glass in forming surface.In order to prevent the hot sticky of glass in this forming surface, generally, at least any one the coated release agent in forming surface and glass raw material is general.But, even if when for using this releasing agent, pressing when also having the situation that releasing agent cannot fully cover forming surface and glass raw material or the glass softened because of compression molding and the situation etc. oozed out from the gap of releasing agent, produce the position that forming surface directly contacts with glass, therefore can produce the hot sticky of glass.
In existing mould, forming surface is the substrate surface (being equivalent to the part of 13A and 23A in Fig. 2) of mould.Therefore, when producing glass in forming surface hot sticky, hot sticky glass is directly contacted with substrate surface.Glass is directly hot sticky in substrate surface when, even if removing molded body (grinding with glass optical component blank 40b), the hot sticky glass in forming surface (substrate surface) also easily remains.Hot sticky for the mould of the glass of forming surface for remaining, it is difficult to be continuing with, it is therefore desirable to the exchange of the maintenance of forming surface and mould self.
On the other hand, in the mould of present embodiment, the forming surface 17,27 of counterdie 11 and upper mould 21 has membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25, though the pressing during therefore by compression molding etc. and make glass be crimped on membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25, glass is also easily from forming surface 17,27 demoulding.This is because, membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25 has the brittleness of appropriateness, and when therefore taking out molded body (grinding glass optical component blank 40b), membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25 weares and teares and brings demoulding effect.Therefore, carried out the forming surface after the demoulding of molded body 40b 17,27 be difficult to occur hot sticky, mould can use continuously.
It should be noted that, when membrane of oxide ceramics and hot sticky glass are together stripped, the surface attachment of molded body 40b after demoulding has a part for membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25, but for this molded body 40b, grinding/grinding can be carried out in subsequent handling, as premise, it is no problem.
If it addition, the stripping of the hot sticky and membrane of oxide ceramics of this glass is repeatedly performed, then the thickness being formed at the membrane of oxide ceramics of forming surface tends to slowly thinning.Therefore, when the thickness of membrane of oxide ceramics is excessively thin, membrane of oxide ceramics is likely removed from forming surface, thus exposing substrate surface.At the position that this substrate surface exposes, it some times happens that glass is hot sticky, therefore also bring along following problems: after removing molded body, remain hot sticky in the glass of forming surface.That is, from the view point of continuous print compression molding and the substrate surface that adequately protects can be carried out, the thickness of the appropriateness of membrane of oxide ceramics is necessary.
In the mould of present embodiment, the forming surface of at least one in upper die and lower die has the membrane of oxide ceramics that thickness is more than 5 μm.According to this mould, even if being repeatedly performed reheating compression molding continuously, it is also possible to prevent the exposing of substrate surface, can adequately protect substrate surface.Further, from the view point of the substrate surface that adequately protects, improve the continuous access times of mould, the thickness of membrane of oxide ceramics is more big more be preferred, it is preferred to more than 10 μm, be more preferably 20 μm.
It addition, for membrane of oxide ceramics, along with thickness is thickening, it more can be attached to molded body with the form of block, it is intended to is easily stripped.Thickness accordingly, as membrane of oxide ceramics, it is preferred that the upper limit is less than 80 μm, is more preferably less than 50 μm.
Additionally, as mentioned above, in the mould of present embodiment, the forming surface of at least one in upper die and lower die has the membrane of oxide ceramics of thickness more than 5 μm, therefore the glass contact after the oxygen directly and in air of the substrate surface corresponding to upper die and lower die or softening it is possible to prevent, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the substrate surface corresponding to forming surface.Its result is, it is possible to improve the life-span of base material (especially corresponding to the substrate surface of forming surface).
Further, the mould according to present embodiment, it is possible to easily carry out the recycling of base material corresponding to upper die and lower die.That is, in the mould of present embodiment, even if hot sticky in the glass of forming surface when for remaining, the substrate surface oxide ceramic membrane corresponding to forming surface is protected, thus without being affected.Therefore, even if needing the maintenance of forming surface, as long as hot sticky glass and membrane of oxide ceramics are together removed, it is possible to easily revert to substrate surface originally.Further, for this base material, again form membrane of oxide ceramics, then can recycle as the mould of present embodiment.
Further, the mould according to present embodiment, even if the temperature being shaped mould imprecisely controls, it is also possible to expect the raising fruit of the yields of molded body.
Generally, in reheating compression molding, glass raw material being heated and makes it soften, the glass softened is carried out compression molding, molding obtains being similar to the grinding glass optical component blank of the shape of the optical element as target.In order to carry out good compression molding, the glass being shaped remains applicable viscosity and (is preferably 10 when being expected to pressing4～106dPa·s)。
But, when the glass softened is put into mould, if the temperature of mould is low, then the temperature dramatic decrease of glass raw material, when compression molding, viscosity uprises (glass is hardening).If this glass raw material is pressed, produce molding bad (be full of cracks is broken or extends bad) sometimes at molded body (grinding glass optical component blank).Accordingly, it is desirable to mould is fully heated.
On the other hand, if the temperature of mould is too high, then glass becomes easily hot sticky in forming surface.If the compression molding after carrying out when hot sticky glass residues in forming surface, then the shape of the glass remained is transferred to the surface of molded body, becomes the bad main cause of molded body.It addition, this mould is difficult to be continuing with, it is therefore desirable to the exchange of the maintenance of forming surface or mould self.Therefore, it is not intended that exceedingly mould is heated.
So, the temperature of mould controls the yields for improving molded body is important.Therefore, in existing mould, when improving yields or production efficiency, it is necessary to closely mould is controlled the temperature range (be possible to prevent molding bad and can suppress the hot sticky temperature of glass) for being suitable for.
But, in the mould of present embodiment, even if the temperature being shaped mould imprecisely controls, it is also possible to improve the yields of molded body.As the reason of the yields that can improve molded body, present inventor has performed and speculate investigation as follows.
In the mould of present embodiment, forming surface 17,27 has membrane of oxide ceramics 15,25.Therefore, the glass raw material 40a putting into counterdie 11 directly will not contact directly with the substrate surface 13A of counterdie 11, but contacts with the surface 17 of membrane of oxide ceramics 15.Now, with glass raw material 40a directly with counterdie 11 substrate surface 13A contact situation compared with, it is believed that the temperature of glass raw material 40a will not dramatic decrease, heat mobile mitigation.Its result is thought, though be counterdie 11 ratio be suitable for temperature range low when, glass raw material 40a insulation, it is possible to keep be suitable for viscosity until pressing time.It addition, be also considered as the temperature difference of glass raw material and mould and the thermal shock sharply that causes also is inhibited.
Further, though be the temperature of mould higher than the situation of temperature range being suitable for, as it has been described above, the mould according to present embodiment, hot sticky glass is also difficult to the forming surface 17,27 after residuing in the demoulding having carried out molded body 40b.
So, the mould according to present embodiment, even if the temperature being shaped mould imprecisely controls, it is also possible to manufacture molded body with excellent yields.
It addition, for for the grinding glass optical component blank of the mould manufacture of this present embodiment, it is difficult to producing molding bad, form accuracy is also excellent.Therefore, in grinding later and grinding step, it is possible to reduce processing capacity or process time, productivity ratio is excellent.
The manufacture method > of < optical element
The manufacture method of the optical element of present embodiment includes following operation:
The grinding process of grinding is carried out to being made, by the manufacture method of the grinding glass optical component blank of present embodiment, the grinding glass optical component blank obtained；With
To the grinding step being ground via described grinding process grinding optical element blank.
As the optical element obtained by this method, it is possible to enumerate the various lens such as such as spherical lens, non-spherical lens, pack-shot lens, lens arra；Prism, diffraction grating etc..
Hereinafter, for optical lens, one embodiment of the manufacture method of optical element is illustrated.Specifically, with reference to Fig. 4 while the grinding glass lens blank 40b shown in Fig. 3 (is only called " lenticular blank " below sometimes.) grinding and grinding step illustrate.It should be noted that the present invention is not by any restriction of following embodiment, in the scope of the purpose of the present invention, it is possible to apply suitable change and implement.
Grinding process be use the grinding grinding stone such as ciamond grinder, by the technique of radius of curvature that the two sides grinding of glass optical component blank 40b is regulation.It addition, grinding step is the technique using abrasive disk, as grinding agent, the two sides of the optical element blank carrying out grinding being ground by the free abrasives such as cerium oxide.
In the step S10 shown in Fig. 4, first carry out the spherical grinding operation (CG processing) of the first type surface of lenticular blank 40b.As the curve generator (curvegenerator) processed for CG, it does not have be particularly limited to, use the known curve generators such as ciamond grinder.In this CG processes, with the processing capacities of tens of μm～hundreds of μm, the surface of lenticular blank is carried out thick grinding, according to the mode of the curvature close to final lens shape, two sides is carried out grinding.It addition, CG processing such as uses the grinding stone that particle diameter is 20～60 μm (being expressed as #800～#400 by granularity) of the abrasive particle being made up of diamond particles, while supply grinding fluid, carry out grinding.It should be noted that the particle diameter of abrasive particle is more little, the numerical value that granularity represents is more big.
In following step S11, carry out the smooth processing (SM processing) based on fine ginding operation.SM processing can be the processing in a stage but it also may is multistage processing.The grinding stone used in processing as SM, it is possible to and with grinding stone and the resinoid bond grinding stone of metal adhesive or resinoid bond grinding stone can only be used.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, in these SM process, it is preferable that do not use the grinding stone of metal adhesive, and only use resinoid bond grinding stone to be processed.It addition, resinoid bond grinding stone is preferably used the grinding stone that particle diameter is 8～20 μm (being expressed as #2500～#1200 by granularity) of abrasive particle.
Then, in step s 12, it is ground processing.In grinding step, use the lapping liquid of the grinding abrasive particle (such as the free abrasive of acidifying cerium) of the particle diameter comprising less than 5 μm that surface is ground, grind several μm～ten several μm.By this grinding step, define the optical lens face of optical lens main body.
Finally, utilize step S13 to carry out centering operation, but centering operation can also be omitted according to different situations.In centering operation, for instance carry out following processing: clamp optical lens main body with a pair Lens holder and feel relieved, making lens body while its centrage rotates, with ciamond grinder etc., the lateral circle surface of lens body is ground to circular.
So can obtain the various optical lenses such as biconvex lens, biconcave lens, planoconvex lens, planoconcave lens, positive meniscus lens, falcate concavees lens.
It addition, according to application target, it is possible at the optical function topcoating cloth antireflection film of the lens obtained, total reflection film etc..
In the manufacture method of the optical lens of this present embodiment, employ the grinding glass optical component blank of present embodiment, therefore can significantly reduce processing capacity and process time in above-mentioned grinding process and grinding step, productivity ratio can be improved.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited by above-mentioned embodiment, it is possible to carry out various change within the scope of the invention.
Such as, in the mould of above-mentioned present embodiment, it is shown that only form the example of membrane of oxide ceramics in the forming surface of counterdie and upper mould, but as long as compression molding can successfully be carried out, for cylinder mould, it is also possible to form membrane of oxide ceramics.
It addition, in Fig. 1 of above-mentioned embodiment, the mould for making grinding glass lens blank is that example is illustrated, but the invention is not restricted to this mould.That is, the mould of the present invention is suitable as the mould used in the making of the grinding glass optical component blank of various kinds.
[embodiment]
1. the preparation of mould
< mould I >
First, using silicon oxide as main constituent, colloidal silica is added the water as solvent as being coated with in cloth material of binding agent, be sufficiently stirred for, obtain the coating solution of desired viscosity.
Then, as the base material of mould, upper die and lower die and the cylinder mould of stainless steel are prepared.
The coating solution being adjusted to the viscosity of appropriateness in advance is filled to air-brush (airbrush), whole of the face corresponding to forming surface in the surface of upper die and lower die, coating solution atomization is sprayed equably.
Make the face being coated with coating solution dried at normal temperatures, 2 sprayings repeatedly.Afterwards, the mould defining coating material is put in heating furnace, under air atmosphere, fires 1 hour in 150 DEG C.
So obtained mould I has the membrane of oxide ceramics of about 20 μm in forming surface.It should be noted that the mensuration of the thickness of membrane of oxide ceramics uses FISCHER society film thickness gauge DUALSCOPE to carry out.Hereinafter also it is identical.
< mould II >
For mould II, the thickness making membrane of oxide ceramics is 5 μm, in addition, utilizes the method same with mould I to make.
< mould III >
For mould III, the main constituent making painting cloth material is aluminium oxide, the thickness that makes membrane of oxide ceramics is 30 μm, in addition, utilizes the method same with mould I to make.
< mould IV >
For mould IV, the main constituent making painting cloth material is zirconium oxide, the thickness that makes membrane of oxide ceramics is 50 μm, in addition, utilizes the method same with mould I to make.
< mould V >
For mould V, the thickness making membrane of oxide ceramics is 80 μm, in addition, utilizes the method same with mould I to make.
< mould VI >
For mould VI, replacing membrane of oxide ceramics, use sputter equipment to carry out the film forming of silicon nitride, making thickness is 30 μm, in addition, utilizes the method same with mould I to make.
< mould VII >
For mould VII, being formed without membrane of oxide ceramics, making substrate surface is directly forming surface, in addition, utilizes the method same with mould I to make.
2. the making of lenticular blank
Then, above-mentioned mould I～VII is used to make lenticular blank.When using arbitrary mould, all carry out according to the production order of following lenticular blank A and B.
< lenticular blank A >
First, fluorophosphate system glass raw material (ellipse of revolution shape, quality 16g, Tg=404 DEG C, Ts=444 DEG C) is prepared.Then, at the releasing agent (boron nitride) of the surface coated powder shape of glass raw material.It addition, at the softening pallet also coated release agent of reheating device.
The glass raw material being coated with releasing agent is supplied to pallet, puts in the heating furnace being set as 450～700 DEG C, reheat under air atmosphere.Optical glass for mold press molding raw material softening after reheating is for about 105The viscosity of dPa s.
Then, by reheating, use the mould glass raw material to having softened to carry out compression molding under air atmosphere, make the lenticular blank A of one side convex, diameter 40mm, height 5mm.It should be noted that the forming surface at mould has been pre-coated with releasing agent, mould has heated in advance according to the mode for the temperature near sag point (Ts).
< lenticular blank B >
First, boric acid group of the lanthanides glass raw material (ellipse of revolution shape, quality 21g, Tg=655 DEG C, Ts=690 DEG C) is prepared.Then, at the releasing agent (boron nitride) of the surface coated powder shape of glass raw material.It addition, at the softening pallet also coated release agent of reheating device.
The glass raw material being coated with releasing agent is supplied to pallet, puts in the heating furnace being set as 700～900 DEG C, reheat under air atmosphere.Optical glass for mold press molding raw material softening after reheating is for about 105The viscosity of dPa s.
Then, by reheating, use the mould glass raw material to having softened to carry out compression molding under air atmosphere, make the lenticular blank B of one side convex, diameter 30mm, height 4mm.It should be noted that the forming surface at mould has been pre-coated with releasing agent, mould has heated in advance according to the mode of the temperature near sag point (Ts) DEG C.
3. evaluate (1)
About mould I～VII, have rated the durability of mould.Specifically, the quantity (punching press number of times) of lenticular blank continuing not being exchanged into mould to make has been evaluated.It should be noted that about the mould that continuous mould pressing obtains more than 1000 punching presses, stop compression molding after using for 1000 times.It addition, be difficult to termination compression molding when using continuously of mould because of the deterioration of forming surface (hot sticky glass residues in forming surface).Result is shown in table 1.
[table 1]
As shown in table 1, for the substrate surface of mould directly as the mould VII of forming surface, being only repeatedly performed tens compression moldings, hot sticky glass residues in forming surface (substrate surface), it is impossible to be continuing with mould.
It addition, for using the mould VI defining ceramic membrane as the silicon nitride of the material beyond oxide ceramics, compared with mould VII, confirm the raising of durability.But, in the present embodiment, compression molding carries out in the air atmosphere of high temperature, and therefore in being repeatedly performed compression molding, silicon nitride aoxidizes, the ceramic membrane fragility (film deterioration) of forming surface.Its result is, when punching press number of times is less than 200 times, forming surface produces film and peels off, and the substrate surface of mould exposes.Afterwards, glass occurs hot sticky and remains in the substrate surface that exposes, it is impossible to be continuing with mould.
On the other hand; confirm in the mould I～V of the present invention; forming surface has the oxide ceramics of thickness more than 5 μm; thus can adequately protect the substrate surface of mould; it is also possible to prevent hot sticky glass further and residues in forming surface; no matter the shape of the composition of the glass raw material being shaped or molded body, more than 500 times continuously shaped all can be carried out.
4. evaluate (2)
About mould I and VII, carry out the overall merit of mould.Specifically, utilize method similar to the above to make the lenticular blank A of some (be 1500 when mould I, mould VII when be 100) respectively, have rated the incidence rate of the defective products of the exchange times of mould and the lenticular blank obtained.Especially, about the incidence rate of defective products, have rated the detailed content of defective products.It should be noted that be judged as, when the mould such as deterioration of mould beyond the deterioration (hot sticky glass residues in forming surface) because of forming surface or forming surface is difficult to use continuously, being shaped the exchange of mould.Result is shown in table 2.
[table 2]
As shown in table 2, be equivalent in the mould VII of comparative example of the present invention, only tens compression moldings repeatedly, hot sticky glass residues in forming surface (substrate surface), need to be exchanged into mould, till making 100 lenticular blank, need 6 moulds of exchange.Further, for the lenticular blank made by mould VII, bad or a large amount of generation of breaking of chapping of extending, there occurs the defective products of 22%.
On the other hand, in the mould I of the present invention, even if making 500 lenticular blank, the exchange times of mould is 1 time.This 1 mould exchange occurs when making 1000 lenticular blank, is not because hot sticky glass residues in forming surface, but owing to other parts of mould deteriorate.The break generation of the defective products caused of or be full of cracks bad it addition, extend is few, and defective products rate is 0.5%.
5. evaluate (3)
Then, about the lenticular blank using mould I, mould II and mould VII to obtain, the relation of the temperature of molding is bad and mould is evaluated.
Specifically, temperature when being shaped the heating of mould closely controls, the temperature of respective mould is adjusted to the temperature (blank A be 380～440 DEG C, blank B be 680～740 DEG C) of the regulation shown in table 3, in addition, the method same with above-mentioned lenticular blank A and B is utilized to make lenticular blank.
The lenticular blank obtained creating be full of cracks when breaking or extend bad, bad for molding.Evaluation result is shown in table 3.It should be noted that in table 3 × mean that molding is bad, zero mean that molding is good.
[table 3]
As shown in table 3, for the mould VII of the comparative example being equivalent to the present invention, confirm the temperature of mould and only slightly move to low temperature side that just to create molding bad.
As mould VII, it is suppressed that when the molding in the region of low temperature side is bad, it is necessary to improve the temperature of mould, if but the temperature of mould is high, then and easily produce the hot sticky of glass and mould, and the form variations after molding becomes greatly.Therefore, it is known that use mould VII to make lenticular blank and can cause the decline of productivity ratio and quality.
On the other hand, in mould I and the II of the present invention, even if the temperature confirming mould slightly moves to low temperature side it also is able to carry out good molding.
So, it is known that: can the temperature range of compression molding broaden, from without the temperature treatment being critically shaped mould, productivity ratio improves, further, even if bad without producing molding carrying out compression molding compared with the region of low temperature side, form variations after molding diminishes, stay in grade.
[symbol description]
11 ... counterdie
21 ... upper mould
13,23 ... base material
13A, 23A ... substrate surface
15,25 ... membrane of oxide ceramics
17,27 ... forming surface (membrane of oxide ceramics surface)
30 ... cylinder mould
40a ... the glass raw material softened
40b ... grind and use glass optical component blank
Claims (6)
1. a mould, it at least has upper die and lower die, and this mould for carrying out compression molding to the glass raw material softened and manufacturing grinding glass optical component blank in air atmosphere, wherein,
The forming surface of at least one in described upper die and lower die has the membrane of oxide ceramics that thickness is more than 5 μm.
2. mould as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described membrane of oxide ceramics comprises at least one in the group selecting free silicon oxide, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide composition.
3. mould as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, described membrane of oxide ceramics comprises colloidal silica.
4. the mould as according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, described membrane of oxide ceramics is less than 50 μm.
5. grinding the manufacture method using glass optical component blank, it includes following operation:
The operation of preparation mould according to any one of Claims 1 to 4；With
Mold pressing procedure, wherein, after the glass raw material being made up of optical glass being reheated under air atmosphere, utilizes described mould that the described glass raw material softened is carried out compression molding.
6. a manufacture method for optical element, it includes following operation:
The grinding glass optical component blank that manufacture method manufacture described in claim 5 is obtained carries out the grinding process of grinding；With
The grinding step that grinding glass optical component blank through described grinding process is ground.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013257135A JP6411734B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2013-12-12 | Mold for glass optical element blank for polishing, glass optical element blank for polishing, and method for producing optical element |
| JP2013-257135 | 2013-12-12 | ||
| PCT/JP2014/081846 WO2015087742A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-12-02 | Mold for glass optical element blank for polishing, and methods for producing glass optical element blank for polishing and optical element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105813991A true CN105813991A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105813991B CN105813991B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201480066195.8A Active CN105813991B (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-12-02 | Forming mold for grinding glass optical element blank, grinding glass optical element blank, and manufacturing method of optical element |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6411734B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105813991B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015087742A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3479954A1 (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2019-05-08 | Satisloh AG | Surfacing station for manufacturing optical elements and related manufacturing facility |
| CN110655322A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-07 | Hoya株式会社 | Reheating pressing glass material, polishing glass, and method for producing same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2015113262A (en) | 2015-06-22 |
| CN105813991B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
| JP6411734B2 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
| WO2015087742A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
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