CN105816163B - Detect the method, apparatus and wearable device of heart rate - Google Patents
Detect the method, apparatus and wearable device of heart rate Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/024—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
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Abstract
The application provides a kind of method, apparatus and wearable device for detecting heart rate, this method comprises: calculating the temporal signatures value and frequency domain character value of the first PPG data obtained in preset period of time；According to the activity of the temporal signatures value of first PPG data, the frequency domain character value and the user in the preset period of time, the heart rate signal quality in the preset period of time is determined；According to the heart rate related data of heart rate signal quality and previous preset period of time in the temporal signatures value of first PPG data, the frequency domain character value, the preset period of time, determine heart rate value of the user in the preset period of time, wherein, the heart rate related data includes heart rate value and heart rate signal quality.The technical solution of the application can effectively reduce influence of the noise to PPG data, improve the accuracy that quiet heart rate calculates.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wearable equipment, in particular to a method and a device for detecting heart rate and wearable equipment.
Background
The heart rate is the number of beats per minute of a normal person in a quiet state, is an important index for determining whether the body of the person is healthy, and is increasingly paid more attention to people for measuring the heart rate in real time and conveniently.
In the prior art, the human heart rate can be detected by a photoplethysmography (PPG) technique. Influenced by multiple factors, the PPG data acquired by using the device may be interfered, for example, the wearing position of the device, the body posture of the user wearing the device, the relative displacement between the skin and the device, and the like all interfere with the PPG data, causing pollution to the PPG data, and the acquired PPG data cannot guarantee the quality of the heart rate signal, so that the heart rate detection is inaccurate, and further the judgment on the body health of the user is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a new technical solution, which can solve the technical problem of inaccurate heart rate detection due to the quality of the heart rate signal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of the present application, a method for detecting a heart rate is provided, which is applied to a wearable device, and includes:
calculating a time domain characteristic value and a frequency domain characteristic value of first photoplethysmography (PPG) data acquired in a preset time period;
determining the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value of the first PPG data, the frequency domain characteristic value and the activity of the user in the preset time period;
and determining a heart rate value of the user in the preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value of the first PPG data, the frequency domain characteristic value, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period and the heart rate related data of the previous preset time period, wherein the heart rate related data comprises the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality.
According to a second aspect of the present application, a device for detecting a heart rate is provided, which is applied to a wearable device, and includes:
the calculation module is used for calculating a time domain characteristic value and a frequency domain characteristic value of first photoplethysmography (PPG) data acquired in a preset time period;
the quality determination module is used for determining the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value of the first PPG data, the frequency domain characteristic value and the activity of the user in the preset time period, which are obtained through calculation by the calculation module;
a heart rate determining module, configured to determine a heart rate value of the user in the preset time period according to the time domain feature value of the first PPG data calculated by the calculating module, the frequency domain feature value, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period determined by the quality determining module, and heart rate related data of a previous preset time period, where the heart rate related data includes a heart rate value and heart rate signal quality.
According to a third aspect of the application, a wearable device is presented, the wearable device comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the method of detecting heart rate of the preceding claims.
According to the technical scheme, the heart rate signal quality, the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the user can be accurately determined, so that the heart rate value of the user can be calculated by combining the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the PPG data under the condition that the heart rate signal quality is considered, the influence of noise on the PPG data can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of calculating the quiet heart rate is improved; in addition, this application can also use historical rhythm of the heart relevant data to revise current heart rate value, and then can guarantee the stability and the accuracy of heart rate value, improves the credibility to user's rhythm of the heart detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1A shows a flow diagram of a method of detecting heart rate according to an example embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1B shows a schematic diagram of acquired second PPG data according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1C shows a time domain data diagram of the first PPG data after pre-processing the second PPG data shown in fig. 1B, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1D shows a schematic diagram of frequency domain data after Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of time domain data of the first PPG data after preprocessing the second PPG data shown in fig. 1B, according to an example embodiment of the invention;
figure 1E shows a schematic diagram of yet another PPG data acquired according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
fig. 1F shows a schematic diagram of heart rate results obtained after processing the acquired further PPG data shown in fig. 1E according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1G shows a schematic diagram of a wearable device for detecting heart rate according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2A shows a schematic flow chart of how heart rate signal quality is obtained according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2B shows a schematic diagram of a heart rate signal quality calculation according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow chart of how heart rate values are calculated according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method of detecting a heart rate according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wearable device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting heart rate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting heart rate according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting heart rate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
For further explanation of the present application, the following examples are provided:
fig. 1A shows a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a heart rate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1B shows a schematic diagram of acquired second PPG data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1C shows a schematic diagram of time domain data of the first PPG data after preprocessing the second PPG data shown in fig. 1B according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1D shows a schematic diagram of frequency domain data after FFT transformation of the time domain data of the first PPG data after preprocessing the second PPG data shown in fig. 1B according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1E shows a schematic diagram of acquired further PPG data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1F shows a schematic diagram of a result obtained after processing the acquired PPG data shown in fig. 1E according to a technical solution of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1G shows a schematic diagram of a wearable device for detecting heart rate according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; this embodiment can be used on wearable equipment (intelligent bracelet, intelligent foot ring etc.), as shown in fig. 1A, include following step:
step 101, calculating a time domain characteristic value and a frequency domain characteristic value of first photoplethysmography (PPG) data acquired in a preset time period.
In one embodiment, the predetermined time period may be a set time interval such as every minute or every second.
In an embodiment, since the acquired second PPG data is often accompanied by high-frequency noise, even impulse noise, etc., the second PPG data may be preprocessed to obtain the first PPG data.
In one embodiment, the pre-processing includes, but is not limited to: filtering processes (e.g., filtering methods such as temporal filtering, smoothing filtering, median filtering, and adaptive filtering), and processes for reducing the sampling rate.
As shown in fig. 1B, a schematic waveform of the second PPG data acquired by the optoelectronic receiver of the wearable device, the horizontal axis represents the sampling time point, for example, "150" corresponding to the horizontal axis represents the 150 th sampling point, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of the PPG data.
As shown in fig. 1C, a time domain data waveform of the first PPG data shown in fig. 1B is illustrated, wherein the horizontal axis represents the sampling time point, for example, "150" corresponding to the horizontal axis represents the 150 th sampling point, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of the PPG data.
As shown in fig. 1D, a schematic diagram of a frequency domain data waveform obtained by performing FFT on the time domain data after the second PPG data shown in fig. 1B is preprocessed, where the horizontal axis represents frequency and the vertical axis represents amplitude.
In an embodiment, the time domain feature value of the first PPG data includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of two or more of the following feature values: time domain waveform dispersion degree (F1), maximum value (F2), amplitude average value (F3) and waveform characteristics (such as maximum peak value of heart rate fluctuation (F4), average maximum wave peak value (F5), peak-valley oscillation value (F6, namely difference value of adjacent maximum wave peak values and minimum wave valley values in a time window), and maximum wave peak distance (F7, namely number of sampling points between adjacent maximum wave peaks)).
In an embodiment, the frequency domain feature value of the first PPG data includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of two or more of the following: dominant frequency (F8), frequency domain dispersion degree (F9), and similarity to historical spectrum (F10).
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the first PPG data may be calculated using a variety of methods, such as: the method can be obtained by solving the variance, difference, mean, translation and the like.
And step 102, determining the heart rate signal quality in a preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the first PPG data and the activity of the user in the preset time period.
In an embodiment, the amount of activity of the user within the preset time period (F11) may be derived from acceleration data detected by an acceleration sensor in the wearable device. In one embodiment, the acceleration sensor may collect acceleration data within a preset time period, and determine the activity of the user within the preset time period according to the acceleration data.
In one embodiment, the heart rate signal quality may be obtained by the embodiment of fig. 2A described below, and will not be described in detail herein.
Step 103, determining a heart rate value of the user in a preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value, the frequency domain characteristic value, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period and the heart rate related data in the previous preset time period of the first PPG data.
In an embodiment, the heart rate related data comprises a heart rate value and a heart rate signal quality.
In one embodiment, the heart rate value may be obtained by the embodiment of fig. 3 described below, which will not be described in detail herein.
In an embodiment, for collected PPG data with motion disturbance, a heart rate value obtained by using the technical scheme of the present application may more approximate the result of a heart rate band. Fig. 1E is a schematic diagram of still another PPG data acquired according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the horizontal axis representing sampling time points and the vertical axis representing the amplitude of the PPG data; fig. 1F is a schematic diagram of a heart rate result obtained by processing the collected still another PPG data shown in fig. 1E according to the technical scheme of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and the present application combines frequency domain data and time domain data to process, thereby avoiding the problem that a frequency domain calculation result is affected by resolution and motion interference to the greatest extent and cannot accurately approach an actual heart rate value, and simultaneously avoiding the problem that an error is introduced when a part of heart rates disappear or pulse interference occurs in a time domain calculation method.
In an exemplary scenario, as shown in fig. 1G, taking a wearable device as an intelligent bracelet for example, the wearable device is exemplarily described, where the optoelectronic emitter 110 and the optoelectronic receiver 120 are located at similar positions in the wearable device and located on a side of the wearable device close to the skin of a user, after an optical signal emitted by the optoelectronic emitter 110 irradiates the skin of the user, the optical signal may return by reflection and be received by the optoelectronic receiver 120, and the wearable device may determine a human heart rate from PPG data received by the optoelectronic receiver 120. In addition, in order to obtain a heart rate signal of the user in a quiet state, the wearable device may further include an acceleration sensor 130 built therein, which is used to determine acceleration data of the wearable device, and further determine a motion state of the user, and further may exclude PPG data acquired when the motion state is a severe state, or determine different signal qualities for the PPG data according to the motion state, so as to correct the heart rate value according to the signal qualities when calculating the heart rate value, and improve accuracy of heart rate detection.
As can be seen from the above description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heart rate signal quality, the time domain feature value, and the frequency domain feature value of the user can be accurately determined through the above steps 101 to 104, so that the heart rate value of the user is calculated by combining the time domain feature value and the frequency domain feature value of the PPG data under the condition that the heart rate signal quality is taken into consideration, the influence of noise on the PPG data can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of calculating the quiet heart rate is improved; in addition, this application can also use historical rhythm of the heart relevant data to revise current heart rate value, and then can guarantee the stability and the accuracy of heart rate value, improves the credibility to user's rhythm of the heart detection.
Fig. 2A shows a schematic flow chart of how to derive heart rate signal quality according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2B shows a schematic diagram of a manner of calculating heart rate signal quality according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention; as shown in fig. 2A, the method comprises the following steps:
step 201, determining whether the user is in a first activity state according to the activity of the user in a preset time period, a first preset time domain characteristic value in the time domain characteristic values, and a first preset frequency domain characteristic value in the frequency domain characteristic values, if the user is in the first activity state, executing step 202, otherwise, executing step 203.
In an embodiment, the first active state is used to indicate that the user is in an active state.
In one embodiment, if the user has a violent movement in the part wearing the wearable device, the wearable device can detect the violent movement according to the acceleration data collected by the acceleration sensor.
In yet another embodiment, if the wearable device of the user only slightly shakes during the data collection process, and the acceleration sensor may not be able to detect, it may be determined whether the user is in an active state by combining the first preset time-domain feature value and the first preset frequency-domain feature value.
In an embodiment, the first preset time-domain feature value includes any one or a combination of two or more of the following items: a peak-to-valley oscillation value (F6, i.e., the difference between the adjacent maximum peak value and the minimum peak value in a preset time period) and a maximum peak distance (F7, i.e., the number of sampling points spaced between the adjacent maximum peaks).
In an embodiment, the first preset frequency-domain feature value includes a similarity of the historical frequency spectrum (F10).
In an embodiment, the F6, F7, F10, F11, F12 feature values may be considered in combination to determine whether the user is in the first activity state. For example, in the signature sequence obtained from F6, if the maximum peak-to-valley oscillation value (F6a) >2 × average peak-to-valley oscillation value (F6b), and in the signature sequence obtained from F7, the maximum peak-to-valley pitch (F7a) >2 × minimum peak-to-valley pitch (F7b), it may be determined whether the user is in the first active state. In yet another embodiment, it may also be determined that the user is in the first activity state if the similarity of the PPG spectra (F10) is less than 0.4 and the amount of activity (F11) is greater than a set empirical threshold T1. Expressed in the form of a set:
((F6a>2*F6b)^(F7a>2*F7b))ⅴ((F10<0.4)^(F11>T1))
then the user may be considered to be in the first active state considering the F6, F7, F10, F11 features in combination.
Step 202, determining the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data to be a first preset quality.
In an embodiment, if the user is in the first activity state, indicating that the heart rate signal quality of the obtained first PPG data is poor, it may be set to a first preset quality, such as the heart rate signal quality SQ:1 in fig. 2B.
Step 203, determining whether the first PPG data is noise data according to a second preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values, if so, executing step 204, and if not, executing step 207.
In an embodiment, if the user is not in the first activity state, it may be further determined whether the first PPG data is disturbed according to a second preset time domain feature value.
In an embodiment, the second preset time-domain feature value includes any one or a combination of two or more of the following items: maximum (F2), mean amplitude of all samples (F3), maximum peak of heart rate fluctuation (F4), mean maximum peak (F5). The wearable device may assign a certain weight to each feature value according to the empirical data when determining whether the first PPG data is disturbed according to the feature values (wherein the empirical data may be obtained according to data counted by the user when using the wearable device to detect the heart rate during the measurement period). For example, according to the feature sequence in the feature (F2), if the maximum value (F2a) >2 × maximum value mean (F2b), or the maximum peak value (F4) >3 × amplitude mean (F3), or the ratio of the average maximum peak value (F5) to the maximum peak value (F4) in the preset time period is smaller than the empirical threshold value (T2), it is expressed in the form of a set:
(F2a>2*F2b)ⅴ(F3>1.5*F3)ⅴ(F5/F4<T2)
then the PPG signal can be considered to be disturbed.
In an embodiment, each feature value is associated, so that it is also possible to determine whether the first PPG data is disturbed from one of the feature values.
Step 204, determining the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data to be a second preset quality.
If the first PPG data is disturbed, the heart rate signal quality may be determined to be a second preset quality, such as the heart rate signal quality SQ:2 in fig. 2B.
Step 205, determining the noise intensity of the first PPG data according to a third preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values.
In an embodiment, the noise data is used to indicate that the first PPG data is perturbed signal data.
In an embodiment, the third predetermined time-domain characteristic value includes a discrete degree of the time-domain waveform (F1), and the noise intensity may be determined by determining the discrete degree of the time-domain waveform, wherein if the discrete degree is larger, the noise intensity is larger, and if the discrete degree is smaller, the noise intensity is smaller.
And step 206, determining the signal quality of the first PPG data to be the signal quality of a preset stage in the second preset quality according to the noise intensity.
In an embodiment, the wearable device may classify the second preset quality into several levels according to a specific value of the degree of dispersion of the first PPG data, for example, into three levels according to the degree of dispersion, i.e., strong, medium, and weak, or into two levels according to the degree of dispersion, or into more than three levels according to a specific value of the degree of dispersion, each level corresponding to one signal quality.
In FIG. 2B, the second predetermined quality is divided into two levels, such as heart rate signal quality SQ:2.1 and SQ: 2.2.
Step 207, determining the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data to be a third preset quality.
In an embodiment, if the first PPG data is not noise data, indicating that the acquired first PPG data is data acquired in a quiet state in which the user is completely still, the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data may be determined to be a third preset quality.
And step 208, determining the periodicity and the signal intensity of the first PPG data according to a fourth preset time domain characteristic value in the time domain characteristic values and a second preset frequency domain characteristic value in the frequency domain characteristic values.
In one embodiment, the fourth predetermined time domain feature value comprises an average maximum peak value (F5); in a further embodiment, the second preset frequency domain feature value comprises a main frequency (F8) and/or a frequency domain degree of dispersion (F9). For example, when the average maximum peak value (F5) is greater than the empirical threshold (T3), and the dominant frequency (F8) and the frequency domain dispersion degree (F9) are greater than the empirical threshold (T4), they are represented in the form of a set:
(F5>T3)^(F9>T4)
the heart rate quality signal of the PPG data may be determined to be a third preset quality SQ:3.
In one embodiment, the empirical threshold may be derived from data that is statistically collected by the user when using the wearable device to detect heart rate over a measured period of time.
Step 209, determining the signal quality of the first PPG data to be the signal quality of a preset number of levels in the third preset quality according to the periodicity and the signal strength.
In an embodiment, the third predetermined quality may be classified into several levels by considering the periodicity and the signal strength of the first PPG data.
In fig. 2B, the third pre-set quality is divided into two levels, such as heart rate signal quality SQ:3.1 and SQ: 3.2.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the wearable device may divide the first PPG data into different signal quality levels according to the time domain feature value and the frequency domain feature value of the first PPG data, and the present application does not limit the specific number of levels of signal quality, nor does it limit the ranking of signal quality according to which specific feature values.
As can be seen from the above description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the signal quality of the first PPG data can be accurately determined by comprehensively considering the plurality of feature values of the first PPG data through the above steps, and thus, the accuracy of subsequently calculating the resting heart rate can be improved.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic flow chart of how a heart rate value is calculated according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, comprising the steps of:
step 301, determining a time domain heart rate estimation value according to the heart rate peak number and the peak interval in the time domain feature value of the first PPG data.
In an embodiment, determining the time-domain heart rate estimation value according to the number of heart rate peaks and the peak interval in the time-domain feature value of the first PPG data includes:
determining a time domain heart rate estimate, Heartrate, according to equation (1)t：
Wherein PeakNumber is used for representing the number of heart rate peaks, PeakInterval is used for representing the peak interval, and SampleRate is used for representing the sampling rate.
In one embodiment, PeakNumber, PeakInterval, SampleRate, etc. are data representing each second, while typical heart rate refers to a one minute heart rate, and thus the one minute heart rate is calculated by 60 in equation (1).
Step 302, determining a frequency domain heart rate estimation value according to the frequency spectrum in the frequency domain characteristic value.
In one embodiment, the frequency domain heart rate estimate, HeartRate, may be obtained by calculating the primary frequency point 60fAs shown in fig. 1D, if the dominant frequency point is 1.27, the frequency-domain heart rate estimated value is 1.27 × 60 — 76.2, and the frequency-domain heart rate estimated value can be rounded to 76.
Step 303, determining a heart rate value within a preset time period according to the time domain heart rate estimation value, the frequency domain heart rate estimation value, the heart rate signal quality within the preset time period, and the heart rate signal quality of the previous preset time period.
In an embodiment, determining a heart rate value in a preset time period according to a time domain heart rate estimation value, a frequency domain heart rate estimation value, a heart rate signal quality in the preset time period, and a heart rate signal quality in a previous preset time period includes:
determining a time-domain heart rate estimate according to equation (2):
HeartRatecurrent＝ω1*HeartRateprevious+ω2*HeartRatet+ω3*HeartRatef
formula (2)
Where ω 1+ ω 2+ ω 3 is 1, ω 1 is used to represent the weight of the heart rate value of the previous preset time period, ω 2 is used to represent the weight of the time domain heart rate estimate, and ω 3 is used to represent the weight of the frequency domain heart rate estimate. The subscript current represents the result calculated from the PPG data acquired within a preset time period, and the subscript previous represents the result calculated from the PPG data acquired within the previous preset time period.
In an embodiment, the magnitude of ω 1 may be specifically determined according to the magnitudes of the heart rate signal quality of the previous preset time period and the heart rate signal quality of the current preset time period, for example, if the heart rate signal quality of the previous preset time period is a second preset quality, and the heart rate signal quality of the current preset time period is also the second preset quality, ω 1 may be set to 0.5, where the better the heart rate signal quality of the current preset time period is, the smaller ω 1 is.
In an embodiment, the values of ω 2 and ω 3 may be specifically set according to an empirical value, and when the time domain feature value is stable, the value of ω 2 may be set to be larger, and when the frequency domain feature value is stable, the value of ω 3 may be set to be larger.
In an embodiment, when the heart rate value is calculated for the first time, no historical data may be involved in the calculation, and the wearable device may calculate the heart rate value when the currently acquired heart rate signal quality is good.
According to the technical scheme, the heart rate signal quality, the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the user can be accurately determined, so that the heart rate value of the user can be calculated by combining the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the PPG data under the condition that the heart rate signal quality is considered, the influence of noise on the PPG data can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of calculating the quiet heart rate is improved; in addition, this application can also use historical rhythm of the heart relevant data to revise current heart rate value, and then can guarantee the stability and the accuracy of heart rate value, improves the credibility to user's rhythm of the heart detection.
Fig. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method of detecting a heart rate according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, comprising the steps of:
step 401, acquiring second PPG data within a preset time period.
Step 402, determining whether the wearable device is in an unworn state according to the second PPG data, if so, executing step 403, otherwise, executing step 404.
Step 403, generating a prompt message for reminding the user that the wearable device is in the unworn state.
In one embodiment, the prompt message may be a text prompt message; in yet another embodiment, the prompt may be an audible prompt; in yet another embodiment, the prompt may be a vibration prompt; in yet another embodiment, the prompt may be a light signal prompt.
Step 404, preprocessing the second PPG data acquired within the preset time period to obtain the first PPG data within the preset time period.
Step 405, calculating a time domain feature value and a frequency domain feature value of the first PPG data.
Step 406, determining the heart rate signal quality in a preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the first PPG data and the activity of the user in the preset time period.
Step 407, determining a heart rate value of the user in a preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value, the frequency domain characteristic value, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period, and the heart rate related data in the previous preset time period of the first PPG data, where the heart rate related data includes the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality, and executing step 408 and step 409.
The related descriptions of step 404 to step 407 can refer to the detailed descriptions of step 101 to step 104 in the embodiment of fig. 1A, and are not repeated here.
At step 408, a heart rate value and a heart rate signal quality are derived on the wearable device.
In an embodiment, the wearable device may display the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality for the user to determine the physical health status of the user.
In yet another embodiment, the wearable device may play the heart rate value and heart rate signal quality for the user to determine their own physical health status.
Step 409, sending the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality to the host device in a wireless communication mode, so that the host device can determine the physical health state of the user according to the heart rate value.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present embodiment has the following effects on the basis of the beneficial effects of the foregoing embodiment: by determining whether the wearable device is in an unworn state and reminding the user of wearing the wearable device correctly when the wearable device is in an unworn state, invalid PPG data can be prevented from being acquired, and power consumption of the wearable device for processing noise data is effectively reduced.
The present application also proposes a schematic structural diagram of a wearable device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, shown in fig. 5, corresponding to the method of detecting a heart rate described above. Referring to fig. 5, at the hardware level, the wearable device includes a processor, an internal bus, a network interface, a memory, and a non-volatile memory, but may also include hardware required for other services. The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the nonvolatile memory into the memory and then runs the computer program to form a device for detecting the heart rate on a logic level. Of course, besides the software implementation, the present application does not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, and the like, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may also be hardware or logic devices.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting heart rate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus for detecting heart rate may include: a calculation module 61, a quality determination module 62, a heart rate determination module 63. Wherein:
the calculation module 61 is configured to calculate a time domain characteristic value and a frequency domain characteristic value of first photoplethysmography (PPG) data acquired within a preset time period;
the quality determination module 62 is configured to determine the heart rate signal quality in a preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the first PPG data calculated by the calculation module 61 and the activity of the user in the preset time period;
a heart rate determining module 63, configured to determine a heart rate value of the user in a preset time period according to the time domain feature value and the frequency domain feature value of the first PPG data calculated by the calculating module 61, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period determined by the quality determining module 62, and heart rate related data in a previous preset time period, where the heart rate related data includes the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting heart rate according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 7, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 6, in an embodiment, the apparatus further includes:
an acceleration acquisition module 64 for acquiring acceleration data within a preset time period;
and the activity amount determining module 65 is configured to determine the activity amount of the user in a preset time period according to the acceleration data acquired by the acceleration acquiring module.
In one embodiment, the quality determination module 62 includes:
the first determining unit 621 is configured to determine whether the user is in a first activity state according to the activity amount of the user in a preset time period, a first preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values calculated by the calculating module, and a first preset frequency domain feature value in the frequency domain feature values calculated by the calculating module, where the first activity state is used to indicate a state where the user has a severe activity;
a second determining unit 622, configured to determine the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data to be a first preset quality if the first determining unit 621 determines that the user is in the first activity state;
a third determining unit 623, configured to determine whether the first PPG data is noise data according to a second preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values if the first determining unit 621 determines that the user is not in the first activity state;
a fourth determining unit 624, configured to determine the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data to be a second preset quality if the third determining unit 623 determines that the first PPG data is noise data;
a fifth determining unit 625, configured to determine the heart rate signal quality of the first PPG data to be a third preset quality if the third determining unit 623 determines that the first PPG data is not noise data.
In one embodiment, the quality determination module 62 further comprises:
a sixth determining unit 626, configured to determine, if the third determining unit determines 623 that the first PPG data is noise data, a noise strength of the first PPG data according to a third preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values, where the noise data is used to indicate that the first PPG data is disturbed signal data;
a seventh determining unit 627, configured to determine, according to the noise strength determined by the sixth determining unit 626, that the signal quality of the first PPG data is a signal quality of a preset number of levels in the second preset quality.
In one embodiment, the quality determination module 62 further comprises:
an eighth determining unit 628, configured to determine, if the third determining unit 623 determines that the first PPG data is not the noise data, periodicity and signal strength of the first PPG data according to a fourth preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values and a second preset frequency domain feature value in the frequency domain feature values;
a ninth determining unit 629, configured to determine the signal quality of the first PPG data to be the signal quality of a preset number of levels in the third preset quality according to the periodicity and the signal strength determined by the eighth determining unit 628.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting heart rate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 8, on the basis of the embodiments shown in fig. 6 and/or fig. 7, in an embodiment, the heart rate determining module 63 includes:
the time domain heart rate determining unit 631 is configured to determine a time domain heart rate estimated value according to the number of heart rate peaks and peak intervals in the time domain feature value of the first PPG data;
a frequency domain heart rate determining unit 632, configured to determine a frequency domain heart rate estimated value according to the frequency spectrum in the frequency domain feature value;
the heart rate determining unit 633 is configured to determine a heart rate value within a preset time period according to the time domain heart rate estimated value determined by the time domain heart rate determining unit, the frequency domain heart rate estimated value determined by the frequency domain heart rate determining unit, the heart rate signal quality within the preset time period, and the heart rate signal quality of the previous preset time period.
In an embodiment, the temporal heart rate determination unit 631 is configured to determine a temporal heart rate estimate according to equation (1):
wherein PeakNumber is used for representing the number of heart rate peaks, PeakInterval is used for representing the peak interval, and SampleRate is used for representing the sampling rate.
In an embodiment, the heart rate determining unit 633 is configured to determine a heart rate value within a preset time period according to equation (2):
HeartRatecurrent＝ω1*HeartRateprevious+ω2*HeartRatet+ω3*HeartRatef
formula (2)
Where ω 1+ ω 2+ ω 3 is 1, ω 1 is used to represent the weight of the heart rate value of the previous preset time period, ω 2 is used to represent the weight of the time domain heart rate estimate, and ω 3 is used to represent the weight of the frequency domain heart rate estimate.
In an embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
a sending module 66, configured to send the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality to the host device through wireless communication, so that the host device determines the physical health status of the user according to the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality.
In an embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
and the processing module 67 is configured to preprocess the second PPG data acquired within the preset time period to obtain the first PPG data within the preset time period.
In an embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:
a state determination module 68 for determining from the second PPG data whether the wearable device is in an unworn state;
a generating module 69, configured to generate a prompt message for reminding the user that the wearable device is in the unworn state if the state determining module 68 determines that the wearable device is in the unworn state.
According to the embodiment, the heart rate signal quality, the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the user can be accurately determined, so that the heart rate value of the user can be calculated by combining the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the PPG data under the condition of considering the heart rate signal quality, the influence of noise on the PPG data can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of calculating the quiet heart rate is improved; in addition, this application can also use historical rhythm of the heart relevant data to revise current heart rate value, and then can guarantee the stability and the accuracy of heart rate value, improves the credibility to user's rhythm of the heart detection.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (22)
1. A method of detecting heart rate, for application on a wearable device, the method comprising:
calculating a time domain characteristic value and a frequency domain characteristic value of first photoplethysmography data acquired in a preset time period;
determining the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value of the first photoplethysmography data, the frequency domain characteristic value and the activity of the user in the preset time period;
determining a heart rate value of the user within the preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value of the first photoplethysmography data, the frequency domain characteristic value, the heart rate signal quality within the preset time period, and heart rate related data of a previous preset time period, wherein the heart rate related data comprises the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring acceleration data within the preset time period;
and determining the activity of the user in a preset time period according to the acceleration data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the heart rate signal quality over the preset time period from the time domain characteristic values of the first photoplethysmograph data, the frequency domain characteristic values, and the user's activity amount over the preset time period comprises:
determining whether the user is in a first activity state according to the activity of the user in the preset time period, a first preset time domain characteristic value in the time domain characteristic values and a first preset frequency domain characteristic value in the frequency domain characteristic values, wherein the first activity state is used for indicating that the user is in an activity state;
determining a heart rate signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a first preset quality if the user is in the first activity state;
if the user is not in the first activity state, determining whether the first photoplethysmography data is noise data according to a second preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values;
determining a heart rate signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a second preset quality if the first photoplethysmography data is noisy data;
determining a heart rate signal quality of the first photoplethysmograph data to be a third preset quality if the first photoplethysmograph data is not the noise data.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
determining a noise intensity of the first photoplethysmography data from a third preset one of the time domain feature values if the first photoplethysmography data is the noise data, wherein the noise data is indicative of the first photoplethysmography data being perturbed signal data;
determining, from the noise strength, a signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a signal quality of a preset number of levels in the second preset quality.
5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
determining a periodicity and a signal strength of the first photoplethysmograph data from a fourth preset one of the time domain feature values and a second preset one of the frequency domain feature values if the first photoplethysmograph data is not the noise data;
determining, from the periodicity and the signal strength, a signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a signal quality of a preset number of levels in the third preset quality.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein determining a heart rate value of the user over the preset time period from the time domain characteristic value of the first photoplethysmograph data, the frequency domain characteristic value, the heart rate signal quality over the preset time period, and the heart rate related data for the previous preset time period comprises:
determining a time domain heart rate estimation value according to the heart rate wave peak number and the wave peak interval in the time domain characteristic value of the first photoplethysmography data;
determining a frequency domain heart rate estimation value according to the frequency spectrum in the frequency domain characteristic value;
and determining the heart rate value in the preset time period according to the time domain heart rate estimation value, the frequency domain heart rate estimation value, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period and the heart rate signal quality in the previous preset time period.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining a time domain heart rate estimate from a number of heart rate peaks, a peak spacing, in a time domain feature value of the first photoplethysmography data comprises:
determining the time-domain heart rate estimate according to equation (1):
formula (1)
Wherein PeakNumber is used for representing the number of heart rate peaks, PeakInterval is used for representing the peak interval, and SampleRate is used for representing the sampling rate.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein determining the heart rate value in the preset time period according to the time-domain heart rate estimate, the frequency-domain heart rate estimate, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period, and the heart rate signal quality in the previous preset time period comprises:
determining a heart rate value within the preset time period according to equation (2):
formula (2)
Wherein,，a weight for representing the heart rate value of the previous preset time period,a weight for representing the time domain heart rate estimate,weights for representing the frequency domain heart rate estimate.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and preprocessing the second photoplethysmography data acquired in the preset time period to obtain the first photoplethysmography data in the preset time period.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
determining from the second photoplethysmography data whether the wearable device is in an unworn state;
and if the wearable equipment is in the non-wearing state, generating prompt information for reminding the user that the wearable equipment is in the non-wearing state.
11. An apparatus for detecting heart rate, the apparatus comprising, for use on a wearable device:
the calculation module is used for calculating a time domain characteristic value and a frequency domain characteristic value of first photoplethysmography data acquired in a preset time period;
the quality determination module is used for determining the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period according to the time domain characteristic value and the frequency domain characteristic value of the first photoplethysmography data calculated by the calculation module and the activity of the user in the preset time period;
a heart rate determining module, configured to determine a heart rate value of the user in the preset time period according to the time-domain feature value of the first photoplethysmography data, the frequency-domain feature value, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period determined by the quality determining module, and heart rate related data of a previous preset time period, where the heart rate related data includes a heart rate value and heart rate signal quality.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
the acceleration acquisition module is used for acquiring acceleration data in the preset time period;
and the activity determination module is used for determining the activity of the user in a preset time period according to the acceleration data acquired by the acceleration acquisition module.
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the quality determination module comprises:
a first determining unit, configured to determine whether the user is in a first activity state according to the activity amount of the user in the preset time period, a first preset time domain feature value in the time domain feature values calculated by the calculating module, and a first preset frequency domain feature value in the frequency domain feature values calculated by the calculating module, where the first activity state is used to indicate a state where the user has a severe activity;
a second determination unit for determining a heart rate signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a first preset quality if the first determination unit determines that the user is in the first activity state;
a third determining unit for determining whether the first photoplethysmography data is noise data according to a second preset time domain feature value of the time domain feature values if the first determining unit determines that the user is not in the first activity state;
a fourth determination unit for determining the heart rate signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a second preset quality if the third determination unit determines that the first photoplethysmography data is noise data;
a fifth determining unit for determining the heart rate signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a third preset quality if the third determining unit determines that the first photoplethysmography data is not the noise data.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the quality determination module further comprises:
a sixth determining unit configured to determine a noise intensity of the first photoplethysmography data according to a third preset time domain feature value of the time domain feature values if the third determining unit determines that the first photoplethysmography data is the noise data, wherein the noise data is used for representing that the first photoplethysmography data is disturbed signal data;
a seventh determining unit, configured to determine the signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a signal quality of a preset number of levels in the second preset quality according to the noise strength determined by the sixth determining unit.
15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the quality determination module further comprises:
an eighth determining unit for determining periodicity and signal strength of the first photoplethysmograph data from a fourth preset time domain feature value of the time domain feature values and a second preset frequency domain feature value of the frequency domain feature values if the third determining unit determines that the first photoplethysmograph data is not the noise data;
a ninth determining unit for determining the signal quality of the first photoplethysmography data to be a signal quality of a preset number of levels in the third preset quality according to the periodicity and the signal strength determined by the eighth determining unit.
16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the heart rate determination module comprises:
a time domain heart rate determining unit, configured to determine a time domain heart rate estimation value according to the heart rate peak number and peak interval in the time domain feature value of the first photoplethysmography data;
the frequency domain heart rate determining unit is used for determining a frequency domain heart rate estimated value according to the frequency spectrum in the frequency domain characteristic value;
and the heart rate determining unit is used for determining the heart rate value in the preset time period according to the time domain heart rate estimated value determined by the time domain heart rate determining unit, the frequency domain heart rate estimated value determined by the frequency domain heart rate determining unit, the heart rate signal quality in the preset time period and the heart rate signal quality in the previous preset time period.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the temporal rate determining unit is configured to determine the temporal rate estimate according to equation (1):
formula (1)
Wherein PeakNumber is used for representing the number of heart rate peaks, PeakInterval is used for representing the peak interval, and SampleRate is used for representing the sampling rate.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the heart rate determining unit is configured to determine the heart rate value within the preset time period according to equation (2):
formula (2)
Wherein,，a weight for representing the heart rate value of the previous preset time period,a weight for representing the time domain heart rate estimate,weights for representing the frequency domain heart rate estimate.
19. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
and the sending module is used for sending the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality of the user in the preset time period to a host device in a wireless communication mode so that the host device can determine the physical health state of the user according to the heart rate value and the heart rate signal quality.
20. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
and the processing module is used for preprocessing the second photoplethysmography data acquired in the preset time period to obtain the first photoplethysmography data in the preset time period.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising:
a state determination module to determine from the second photoplethysmography data whether the wearable device is in an unworn state;
a generating module, configured to generate prompt information for reminding the user that the wearable device is in the unworn state if the state determining module determines that the wearable device is in the unworn state.
22. A wearable device, characterized in that the wearable device comprises:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the method of detecting heart rate of any of the preceding claims 1-10.
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