CN105801194A - Organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of charophytes, 20-30 parts of peat moss, and 40-40 parts of livestock and poultry manure 50 parts, sawdust 10-20 parts, plant ash 10-15 parts, crop straw 10-15 parts, microbial inoculant 1-5 parts. The organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil of the present invention can greatly improve the soil, reduce the acidity of the soil, and cooperate with organic matter such as poultry manure to provide the nutrients needed by crops, improve the fertility level of the soil, and increase the activity of soil microorganisms. Helps the growth of plants.

Description

A kind of organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to an acid soil-improving organic fertilizer using charophytes as a main ingredient and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Soil acidification is a common natural process in the process of soil formation and development. Acidic soil mainly exists in rainy temperate regions, tropical and subtropical regions. Soil acidification will cause many hazards. For example, after soil acidification, the weathering of aluminum-containing primary and secondary minerals in the soil accelerates and releases a large amount of aluminum ions, forming aluminum compounds that can be absorbed by plants. Excessive aluminum absorbed by plants will be reduced to plant products. Quality; soil acidification will also reduce cation exchange capacity and base saturation, and the loss of soil mineral nutrients will be serious; soil acidification will also enhance the fixation of phosphate and molybdate in soil, and reduce the availability of soil phosphorus and molybdenum. Lead to soil barrenness, affecting the growth and development of plants; soil acidification will also cause the activation of toxic heavy metals, affecting human health through the food chain; soil acidification will affect the activities of microorganisms, thereby affecting the decomposition of soil organic matter and the C, N, P, S cycle.

At present, the improvement of acidic soil has changed from traditional alkaline minerals to cheap and easy-to-obtain alkaline industrial by-products and organic materials. The use of organic materials in agriculture to improve acidic soil not only provides the nutrients needed by crops and improves the fertility of the soil, but also increases the activity of soil microorganisms and enhances the buffering capacity of the soil to acid.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil with charophyta as the main raw material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a kind of organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 100 parts of charophytes, 20 to 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 40 to 50 parts of livestock manure, 10-20 parts of sawdust, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 10-15 parts of crop straw, and 1-5 parts of microbial inoculant.

Wherein, the microbial starter consists of 3 to 5 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 to 8 parts of black mold, 1 to 3 parts of Enterococcus faecalis, 2 to 5 parts of Bacillus cereus, 3 to 7 parts Composition of Lactobacillus plantarum.

Wherein, the strain concentration of the microbial starter is 300-500 million/mL.

Wherein, the crop straw is one or more of rice straw, corn straw, wheat straw, cassava straw, peanut straw, soybean straw, broad bean straw and rape straw.

Further, the preparation method of improving the acidic soil organic fertilizer is as follows: pulverize the crop straw with a pulverizer, mix it with charophyta, sphagnum moss, livestock and poultry manure, sawdust, and plant ash in parts by mass, and carry out anaerobic fermentation in a sealed state , cover and seal with a plastic film, turn the pile once every 5 to 7 days, and turn the pile 2 to 3 times continuously, mechanically dehydrate the above-mentioned decomposed raw materials, and dry them until the moisture content is ≤25%. Among the raw materials, cover with a plastic film and carry out aerobic fermentation. When the pile temperature rises to 50°C, start counting and ferment for 5-7 days. When the pile temperature starts to drop, turn the pile and ferment for another 5-7 days. Turn over once every 7 days and ferment for a total of 45 to 55 days. After the fermentation process is completed, use a stone turning machine to turn over the material to evaporate the moisture in the material to a water content of 20%.

Among them, charophytes grow in various water bodies, and widely exist in ditches, canals, puddles and ponds, fish ponds and paddy fields. Charophytes are rich in resources, cheap and easy to get; charophytes contain very high levels of calcium oxide and Carbonate, making charophyta into organic fertilizer, can be used as fertilizer to improve soil.

Further, peat moss, also known as peat moss, sphagnum, sphagnum, and ground sweater, is commonly found in humid mountainous areas or swamps, and mostly forms a large area of cushion-like single plant communities. It is the main source of peat. The dead layer of plants The peat formed can be used as fertilizer and fuel.

Livestock manure usually contains a high pH value, especially chicken manure, and the pH value of some chicken manure is even higher than 8.0. Adding poultry manure can increase the organic matter of acidic soil, which is helpful for soil physics, chemistry, and biology. Sexual improvement, with the effect of increasing the pH of acidic soil.

Plant ash has a good improvement effect on acidic soil. Plant ash will produce a lime effect in the soil, which will greatly increase the pH of the soil, increase the content of calcium, magnesium, inorganic carbon, and sulfate, and exchange ligands between sulfate and hydroxide. Alkalinity is also increased, and plant ash can increase soil nutrient content, especially potassium content, which has been greatly improved.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The organic fertilizer of the present invention uses charophytes with high calcium oxide and carbonate content as the main raw material, which can greatly improve the soil, reduce the acidity of the soil, and cooperate with organic matter such as poultry manure to provide the nutrients needed by crops , improve the fertility level of the soil, but also increase the activity of soil microorganisms, which is conducive to the growth of plants.

2. In this method, charophytes are cheap and easy to obtain, which improves the economic value of charophytes and is low in cost.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

An organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95 parts of charophytes, 25 parts of sphagnum moss, 45 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of sawdust, 13 parts of plant ash, 12 parts of crop straw, and 3 parts of microbial inoculant Parts, wherein the microbial starter is composed of 4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 6 parts of black mold, 2 parts of Enterococcus faecalis, 4 parts of Bacillus cereus, and 5 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum, the concentration of which is 400 million/ mL bacterial agent, the crop straws are rice straw, peanut straw, soybean straw, broad bean straw, and rapeseed straw.

The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil is as follows: pulverize the crop stalks with a pulverizer, mix them with charophytes, sphagnum moss, livestock and poultry manure, sawdust, and plant ash in parts by mass, and carry out anaerobic fermentation in a sealed state. Cover and seal with film, turn the pile once every 6 days, and turn the pile 3 times in a row, mechanically dehydrate the above-mentioned decomposed raw materials, and dry them until the moisture content is ≤ 25%, add microbial starter to the decomposed raw materials, and cover with plastic film , carry out aerobic fermentation, start timing when the pile temperature rises to 50°C, ferment for 6 days, turn over the pile when the pile temperature starts to drop, and ferment for another 6 days, then turn the pile once every 6 days, and ferment for a total of 48 days. After completion, use a rock turning machine to turn and throw the material, so that the moisture in the material is evaporated to a water content of 20%.

Example 2

An organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of charophytes, 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 50 parts of livestock manure, 20 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of crop straw, and 5 parts of microbial inoculant Part, wherein, the concentration that microbial starter is made up of 5 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of black mold, 3 parts of Enterococcus faecalis, 5 parts of Bacillus cereus, and 7 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum is 500 million/ mL bacterial agent, the crop straws are rice straw, corn straw, wheat straw, cassava straw, peanut straw, soybean straw, broad bean straw, rape straw.

The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil is as follows: pulverize the crop stalks with a pulverizer, mix them with charophytes, sphagnum moss, livestock and poultry manure, sawdust, and plant ash in parts by mass, and carry out anaerobic fermentation in a sealed state. Cover and seal with film, turn the pile once every 5 days, and turn the pile 3 times continuously, mechanically dehydrate the above-mentioned decomposed raw materials, and dry them until the moisture content is ≤25%, add microbial starter to the decomposed raw materials, and cover with plastic film , carry out aerobic fermentation, start timing when the pile temperature rises to 50°C, and ferment for 5 days. When the pile temperature starts to drop, turn the pile and ferment for another 5 days, and then turn the pile once every 5 days, and ferment for a total of 55 days. The fermentation process After completion, use a rock turning machine to turn and throw the material, so that the moisture in the material is evaporated to a water content of 20%.

Example 3

An organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of charophytes, 20 parts of sphagnum moss, 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 10 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of crop straw, and 1 part of microbial inoculant wherein, the microbial fermentation agent consists of 3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of black mold, 1 part of Enterococcus faecalis, 2 parts of Bacillus cereus, and 3 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum. mL bacterial agent, the crop straws are rice straw, corn straw, wheat straw, cassava straw, peanut straw, soybean straw, broad bean straw, rape straw.

The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for improving acidic soil is as follows: pulverize the crop stalks with a pulverizer, mix them with charophytes, sphagnum moss, livestock and poultry manure, sawdust, and plant ash in parts by mass, and carry out anaerobic fermentation in a sealed state. Cover and seal with film, turn the pile once every 7 days, and turn the pile twice continuously, mechanically dehydrate the above-mentioned decomposed raw materials, and dry them until the moisture content is ≤25%, add microbial starter to the decomposed raw materials, and cover with plastic film , carry out aerobic fermentation, start counting when the pile temperature rises to 50°C, ferment for 7 days, turn the pile when the pile temperature starts to drop, and ferment for another 7 days, then turn the pile once every 7 days, and ferment for a total of 45 days. After completion, use a rock turning machine to turn and throw the material, so that the moisture in the material is evaporated to a water content of 20%.

Claims (6)

1. the fertilizer improveing acid ground, it is characterized in that, it is made up of the following raw material of mass parts: charophyta 90～100 parts, bog moss 20～30 parts, feces of livestock and poultry 40～50 parts, wood sawdust 10～20 parts, plant ash 10～15 parts, agricultural crop straw 10～15 parts, microbial inoculant 1～5 part.

2. a kind of fertilizer improveing acid ground according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described microbe leaven is made up of 3～5 parts of bacillus subtilises of strain quantity part, 5～8 parts of melanomyces, 1～3 part of enterococcus faecalis, 2～5 parts of Bacillus cercuses, 3～7 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum.

3. a kind of fertilizer improveing acid ground according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microbe leaven strain concentration is 3～500,000,000/mL.

4. a kind of fertilizer improveing acid ground according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described agricultural crop straw be rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk, Maninot esculenta crantz. straw, peanut straw, soybean stalk, Semen Viciae fabae straw, rape stalk one or more.

null5. the preparation method of the fertilizer improveing acid ground，It is characterized in that，Comprise the following steps: agricultural crop straw pulverizer is pulverized，Charophyta with mass parts、Bog moss、Feces of livestock and poultry、Wood sawdust、Plant ash mixes，Carry out anaerobic fermentation in sealed states，Seal with covered rearing with plastic film，Turning in each 5～7 days is once，Continuous turning 2～3 times，The above-mentioned raw material become thoroughly decomposed is carried out mechanical dehydration，It is dried process，Microbe leaven is added into and becomes thoroughly decomposed in raw material，Cover plastic sheeting，Carry out aerobic fermentation，Treat that heap temperature rise starts timing to 50 DEG C，Ferment 5～7 days，Turning is carried out when piling temperature and beginning to decline，Ferment again 5～7 days，Turning in every 5～7 days later is once，Ferment altogether 45～55 days，Sweat uses huge rock turner to material turning after completing，Making material moisture be evaporated to water content is 20%.

6. the preparation method of a kind of fertilizer improveing acid ground according to claim 5, it is characterised in that after the described raw material drying that becomes thoroughly decomposed processes, moisture≤25%.