CN105698918B - A method and device for visually comparing vibration and noise colormaps - Google Patents
A method and device for visually comparing vibration and noise colormaps Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that vibration noise colormap figure is compared in visualization, include the following steps: to be schemed to obtain the first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H according to the first colormap1, schemed to obtain the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H according to the 2nd colormap2；According to the H1And H2The first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H is obtained respectively3With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix；According to the H3And H4The first when-frequency energy matrix H is obtained respectively5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6；According to the H5And H6Obtain capacity volume variance matrix H7；By H7Be converted to sound pressure level difference matrix H8；According to H8Generate difference colormap figure.The invention also discloses corresponding devices.The embodiment of the present invention can show intuitively and accurately the difference of two figures in a colormap figure, eliminate artificial contrast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vibration and noise test field, in particular to vibration noise colormap figure is compared in a kind of visualization
Method and device.
Background technique
In automotive test field, especially NVH (noise, vibration and smooth degree, Noise, Vibration,
Harshness) testing field often uses colormap figure (coloured picture).The principle of colormap figure is by a m*3
Specific color is become the corresponding Index in colormap figure by matrix, i.e., corresponding numerical value is calculated matrix by turning, will be specified
Numerical value vector (matrix), be mapped to corresponding color, form colormap figure.
Colormap figure is applied in NVH test, is one of the important channel for carrying out the analysis of NVH data.By noise, vibration
Numerical value shows in a colormap figure simultaneously with engine speed, frequency, clearly can comprehensively reflect current vibration or
Noise states, and then optimize or fault diagnosis.It is generally frequency by X axis specification of variables in colormap figure
Y-axis variable is set engine speed (RPM) by rate (HZ), and then corresponding in the region X-Y is noise or vibration
Test number, size can indicate that color is deeper by the depth of color, indicate under this revolving speed and frequency, make an uproar
Sound or the test number of vibration are bigger.Engineer can be allowed intuitively to find out by colormap figure, in raising speed or reduction of speed
In the process, the vibration under which frequency and noise are bigger.As shown in figure 1 automobile idling and it is complete accelerate under
Colormap diagram is intended to.
In the prior art, the information in every colormap figure is more intuitive, but be not easy to two or multiple
The comparison of colormap figure.For example, can only lean on engineer's at present if comparison diagram 2a and Fig. 2 b two is wanted to open the difference between figure
Naked eyes carry out artificial contrast, and to find out the part to differ greatly, the partial region of the circle of the ellipse as shown in Fig. 2 a, is people
Work area separates the part to differ greatly in two figures.
Therefore in existing this control methods, there are following shortcomings:
Firstly, can only manually naked eyes when row observe, and carry out subjective judgement and compare；And in this comparison,
The range by two colormap figures is needed to be adjusted to unanimously, for example the range of figure 2 above a and Fig. 2 b are all adjusted to 80dB；
In addition, can only roughly point out the part to differ greatly, but this difference can not be quantified by manually being judged
It is different.If there is several regions having differences, it is also difficult to which the otherness told in which region is bigger, or to entirety
It influences bigger.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of side for visualizing and comparing vibration noise colormap figure
Method and device can quantify the difference of two colormap figures, and be shown in a colormap figure.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention, which provides a kind of visualize, compares vibration noise colormap figure
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1 obtains the first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H changed with revolving speed and frequency according to the first colormap figure1,
The the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H changed with revolving speed and frequency is obtained according to the 2nd colormap figure2, unit is sound pressure level；
Step 2, by the described first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1With the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H2With following formula (1)
(2) it is calculated, obtains the first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H respectively3With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H4, unit Pa；
Wherein, prefFor threshold of audibility acoustic pressure；
Step 3, according to formula (3) and (4) by the described first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H3With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H4
A square calculating is carried out respectively, obtains the first when-frequency energy matrix H respectively5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6；
H5=H3.^2…………………………………………(3)
H6=H4.^2…………………………………………(4)
Step 4, to the described first when-frequency energy matrix H5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6Subtracted each other with formula (5)
Processing, and all negative values are set to 0, obtain capacity volume variance matrix H7；
H7=H5-H6…………………………………………(5)
Step 5, according to formula (6), by the capacity volume variance matrix H7Be converted to sound pressure level difference matrix H8；
Step 6, according to the sound pressure level difference matrix H8, generate a difference colormap figure.
Wherein, the step 1 specifically:
It is calculated using Short Time Fourier Transform, first changed with revolving speed and frequency is obtained according to the first colormap figure
When-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1, the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix changed with revolving speed and frequency is obtained according to the 2nd colormap figure
H2。
Wherein, further comprise:
The first colormap is schemed using bubbling method and the 2nd colormap figure is handled, to guarantee first
Colormap figure and the 2nd colormap figure are consistent in each time point revolving speed.
Wherein, the first colormap figure is the colormap figure before improving, and the 2nd colormap figure is to improve
Colormap figure afterwards；
Alternatively, the 2nd colormap figure is the colormap figure before improving, the first colormap figure is to improve
Colormap figure afterwards.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of device for visualizing and comparing vibration noise colormap figure, comprising:
When-frequency sound pressure level matrix acquiring unit, for what is changed according to the acquisition of the first colormap figure with revolving speed and frequency
When first-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1, the second when-frequency sound pressure level changed with revolving speed and frequency is obtained according to the 2nd colormap figure
Matrix H2, unit is sound pressure level；
When-frequency acoustic pressure matrix acquiring unit, it is used for the described first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure
Grade matrix H2It is calculated with following formula (1) and (2), obtains the first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H respectively3With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure
Matrix H4, unit Pa；
Wherein, prefFor threshold of audibility acoustic pressure；
When-frequency energy matrix acquiring unit, for according to formula (3) and (4) by the described first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H3With
When second-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H4A square calculating is carried out respectively, obtains the first when-frequency energy matrix H respectively5With the second when-frequency energy
Matrix H6；
H5=H3.^2…………………………………………(3)
H6=H4.^2…………………………………………(4)
Difference matrix acquiring unit, for the described first when-frequency energy matrix H5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6With
Formula (5) carries out subtracting each other processing, and all negative values are set to 0, obtains capacity volume variance matrix H7；
H7=H5-H6…………………………………………(5)
Sound pressure level difference matrix acquiring unit is used for according to formula (6), by the capacity volume variance matrix H7Be converted to acoustic pressure
Grade difference matrix H8；
Difference colormap figure generation unit, for according to the sound pressure level difference matrix H8, obtain a difference
Colormap figure.
Wherein, when described-frequency sound pressure level matrix acquiring unit specifically utilizes Short Time Fourier Transform to calculate, according to first
Colormap figure obtains the first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H changed with revolving speed and frequency1, scheme to obtain according to the 2nd colormap
The the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H changed with revolving speed and frequency2。
Wherein, further comprise:
Alignment unit, for being schemed using bubbling method to the first colormap and the 2nd colormap figure is handled,
To guarantee that the first colormap figure and the 2nd colormap figure are consistent in each time point revolving speed.
Wherein, the first colormap figure is the colormap figure before improving, and the 2nd colormap figure is to improve
Colormap figure afterwards；
Alternatively, the 2nd colormap figure is the colormap figure before improving, the first colormap figure is to improve
Colormap figure afterwards.
Implement the present invention, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
Firstly, by implementing method provided by the invention, it can be by the difference of two colormap figures, in a difference
It is visualized in colormap figure, the trouble for manually carrying out searching comparison is eliminated, without adjusting two colormap
The range of figure；
Moreover, can scheme in a difference colormap for two colormap figures there are when the difference of different zones
In, it is affected by the way which difference is the depth of color represent to result total value, it can find out in two colormap figures
Difference is maximum and influences maximum region.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 shows Colormap diagram of the automobile under idling and full acceleration and is intended to；
It illustrates and is intended to Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b show two Colormap before and after being improved to vibration noise；
Fig. 3 is a reality of the method that vibration noise colormap figure colormap figure is compared in visualization provided by the invention
Apply the main flow schematic diagram of example；
Fig. 4 is that visualization provided by the invention is compared and carried out pair in the method for vibration noise colormap figure colormap figure
The schematic diagram handled together；
Fig. 5 is that the diagram of difference colormap generated in this Fig. 3 is intended to；
Fig. 6 is that the structure for the device that vibration noise colormap figure colormap figure is compared in visualization provided by the invention is shown
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is shown in Figure 3, show the method provided by the invention for visualizing and comparing vibration noise colormap figure
The main flow schematic diagram of one embodiment.In this embodiment, this method comprises the following steps:
Step S10 obtains the first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix changed with revolving speed and frequency according to the first colormap figure
H1, the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H changed with revolving speed and frequency is obtained according to the 2nd colormap figure2, unit is sound pressure level
(db), specifically, the matrix H is obtained by calculating using Short Time Fourier Transform1And H2, wherein Short Time Fourier Transform
For when-frequency signal analyzes common method, herein without being described in detail；
Wherein, the definition of sound pressure level is common to take the ratio of the sound pressure effective value p (e) measured and reference sound pressure p (ref)
Logarithm, multiplied by 20, therefore matrix H1And H2The value of middle each point is spl=20log10(p(ei)/pref).Wherein, p (ei) is each
The sound pressure effective value measured under revolving speed and frequency condition.And p (ref) is the reference sound pressure in air, is generally taken as 2*10E-5
Pa, this numerical value, which is normal human ear, can just perceive sound pressure level existing for it to 1 kilo hertz of sound, that is, 1 kilo hertz of sound is listened
Threshold acoustic pressure.And the matrix H1And H2It is exactly the sound pressure level set of matrices under corresponding each revolving speed and frequency condition.
Specifically, can by Fig. 2 shows two colormap figures for be illustrated.It is understood that at one
In example, the figure of the colormap before improving in Fig. 2 a can be schemed as the first colormap, after improving in Fig. 2 b
Colormap figure is schemed as the 2nd colormap；In other examples, the colormap after improving in Fig. 2 b can also be schemed
Scheme as the first colormap, the colormap figure before improving in Fig. 2 a is schemed as the 2nd colormap, so that it is right to obtain its
The matrix H answered1And H2。
Step S12, by the described first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1With the second when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H2With following formula
(1) it is calculated with (2), obtains the first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H respectively3With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H4, unit Pa；
Wherein, prefFor threshold of audibility acoustic pressure.
It is understood that due to being accustomed to characterizing noise size with sound pressure level dB (A) in engineering, because dB (A) is unsuitable
Directly subtract each other (because be both relative value), accurately to obtain the difference between two colormap figures, thus need by when-frequency
Sound pressure level matrix conversion at when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix；
Step S14, according to formula (3) and (4) by the described first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H3With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H4
A square calculating is carried out respectively, obtains the first when-frequency energy matrix H respectively5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6；
H5=H3.^2…………………………………………(3)
H6=H4.^2…………………………………………(4)
It is understood that needing since acoustic pressure also should not directly be subtracted each other by H3And H4It is converted into energy matrix H5,
H6。
Step S16, to the described first when-frequency energy matrix H5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6Phase is carried out with formula (5)
Subtract processing, and all negative values are set to 0, obtains capacity volume variance matrix H7；
H7=H5-H6…………………………………………(5)
It is understood that since extracting operation can be related in the next steps, since negative is unable to evolution, therefore by energy
Difference H7All negative values are all set to 0 in matrix.If the first colormap figure is the colormap figure before improving, and second
Colormap figure is the colormap figure after improving, then this capacity volume variance matrix H7In positive value indicate noise situations changed
Kind, negative value indicates that noise situations deteriorate, then the subsequent basis difference colormap figure being calculated, which can mainly be shown, changes
Kind situation；, whereas if the first colormap figure is the colormap figure after improving, and the 2nd colormap figure is before improving
Colormap figure, then this capacity volume variance matrix H7In positive value indicate deteriorated, negative value indicate situation improve, then subsequent
The difference colormap figure being calculated according to this mainly shows the situation of deterioration；
Step S18, according to formula (6), by the capacity volume variance matrix H7Be converted to sound pressure level difference matrix H8；
Step S19, according to the sound pressure level difference matrix H8, generate a difference colormap figure.
As shown in figure 5, show difference colormap figure, be colormap figure before being improved using in Fig. 2 a as
First colormap figure, the colormap figure after being improved using in Fig. 2 b is as the 2nd colormap figure, and S10 is extremely through the above steps
S19 is obtained.Improved effect is drawn with ellipse circle in Fig. 5, is compared with Fig. 2 as can be seen that in addition to following one
A oval circle is identical as what is be marked in figure 2, and the biggish region of improvement has also been marked at other two in Fig. 5 (see in Fig. 5
Both the above ellipse circle), and otherness is clearly.
It is understood that further comprising step between step S16 in some embodiments: utilizing bubbling method pair
The first colormap figure and the 2nd colormap figure are handled, to guarantee the first colormap figure and the 2nd colormap
Figure is consistent in each time point revolving speed.It can be carried out in step s 16 when noise energy is subtracted each other in this way as energy under corresponding revolving speed
Amount is subtracted each other, and is avoided dislocation from subtracting each other and is brought error, specific alignment effect figure is as shown in Figure 4.
As shown in fig. 6, being a kind of one for visualizing the device for comparing vibration noise colormap figure provided by the invention
The structural schematic diagram of embodiment.In this embodiment, the visualization compares the device of vibration noise colormap figure and includes:
When-frequency sound pressure level matrix acquiring unit 10, change for being obtained according to the first colormap figure with revolving speed and frequency
The first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1, the second when-frequency acoustic pressure changed with revolving speed and frequency is obtained according to the 2nd colormap figure
Grade matrix H2, unit is sound pressure level, is specifically specifically calculated using Short Time Fourier Transform, obtains the H1And H2；
When-frequency acoustic pressure matrix acquiring unit 12, it is used for the described first when-frequency sound pressure level matrix H1With the second when-frequency sound
It arbitrarily downgrades matrix H2It is calculated with following formula (1) and (2), obtains the first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H respectively3With the second when-frequency sound
Press matrix H4, unit Pa；
Wherein pref: threshold of audibility acoustic pressure
When-frequency energy matrix acquiring unit 14, for according to formula (3) and (4) by the described first when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H3
With the second when-frequency acoustic pressure matrix H4A square calculating is carried out respectively, obtains the first when-frequency energy matrix H respectively5With the second when-frequency energy
Moment matrix H6；
H5=H3.^2…………………………………………(3)
H6=H4.^2…………………………………………(4)
Difference matrix acquiring unit 16, for the described first when-frequency energy matrix H5With the second when-frequency energy matrix H6
It carries out subtracting each other processing with formula (5), and all negative values is set to 0, obtain capacity volume variance matrix H7；
H7=H5-H6…………………………………………(5)
Sound pressure level difference matrix acquiring unit 17 is used for according to formula (6), by the capacity volume variance matrix H7Be converted to sound
Difference of arbitrarily downgrading matrix H8；
Difference colormap figure generates 18 yuan of list, for according to the sound pressure level difference matrix H8, obtain a difference
Colormap figure.
And alignment unit 19, it is used to scheme the first colormap using bubbling method and the 2nd colormap figure carries out
Processing, to guarantee that the first colormap figure and the 2nd colormap figure are consistent in each time point revolving speed.
It is understood that wherein, the first colormap figure is that the colormap before improving schemes, described second
Colormap figure is the colormap figure after improving；Alternatively, the 2nd colormap figure is the colormap figure before improving, institute
Stating the first colormap figure is the colormap figure after improving.
It is understood that implementing the embodiment of the present invention, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
Firstly, in the method and apparatus provided by the invention for visualizing and comparing vibration noise colormap figure, by two
The otherness of colormap figure is indicated with a difference colormap figure, is visualized and is more accurately compared two colormap
The situation of change of figure does not need manually to be compared, avoids the inexactness manually compared；
Secondly, can scheme in a difference colormap for two colormap figures there are when the difference of different zones
In, it is affected by the way which difference is the depth of color represent to result total value, it can find out in two colormap figures
Difference is maximum and influences maximum region.By not being the number directly by colormap figure sound pressure level in an embodiment of the present invention
Value is subtracted each other, but obtains the original energy value of each point first, subtract each other processing by the original energy value of each point, therefore
It can show that difference is maximum in two figures and influences maximum part, including difference in difference colormap figure generated completely
Different the best part and difference are maximum and influence the best part to total value.
In addition, in some embodiments of the invention, it is contemplated that it is different that two colormap scheme revolving speed when acquired data
The situation of cause, due to sampled point not necessarily can pair it is very neat, therefore acquire number by the way of triggering in this embodiment using revolving speed
According to.If revolving speed is inconsistent, the 1500rpm in the mode being aligned nearby, such as Fig. 2 a can be taken, is only existed in reference map
1480rpm and 1550rpm, in this way, can guarantee that frequency is also probably consistent, is not in mistake then 1480rpm can be aligned nearby
The phenomenon that position, to visually will not influence final result.
Above disclosed is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, cannot limit the power of the present invention with this certainly
Sharp range, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| CN1290923A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2001-04-11 | 上海交通大学 | Method for identifying sound source characteristic |
| US8036891B2 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2011-10-11 | California State University, Fresno | Methods of identification using voice sound analysis |
| CN103471709A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Method for predicting noise quality of noise inside passenger vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1290923A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2001-04-11 | 上海交通大学 | Method for identifying sound source characteristic |
| US8036891B2 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2011-10-11 | California State University, Fresno | Methods of identification using voice sound analysis |
| CN103471709A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Method for predicting noise quality of noise inside passenger vehicle |
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