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CN105651788B - Grain moisture content detection device and its detection method - Google Patents

Grain moisture content detection device and its detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105651788B
CN105651788B CN201610119511.4A CN201610119511A CN105651788B CN 105651788 B CN105651788 B CN 105651788B CN 201610119511 A CN201610119511 A CN 201610119511A CN 105651788 B CN105651788 B CN 105651788B
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grain
ultra
broadband signal
moisture content
measured
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CN105651788A (en
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叶维林
蔡军
苏勇
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HUBEI YEWEI OILS MACHINERY Co Ltd
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HUBEI YEWEI OILS MACHINERY Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G01N22/04Investigating moisture content

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of grain moisture content detection device and its detection methods.This grain moisture content detection device includes inventing several ultra-broadband signal transmitters, for emitting ultra-broadband signal to pass through grain to be measured;Ultra-broadband signal receiver carries out denoising, filter preprocessing for receiving through the ultra-broadband signal after grain to be measured, and to it;Grain samples database, for preserving the data message of at least one grain samples;And processor, and the ultra-broadband signal transmitter, the ultra-broadband signal receiver and the grain information database data connection, for obtaining the moisture content of corresponding grain to be measured.The present invention has the advantages that simple in structure, accuracy is high, and detection speed is fast.

Description

Grain moisture content detection device and its detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automatic measurement technique fields of agricultural products.It is more particularly related to a kind of grain water Divide detection device and its grain measurement of moisture content method.
Background technology
Grain drying is the important step of grain security storage, it is a continuous production process, and flow is first will Raw grain food is sent into drying tower after processing, by preheating, drying, tempering, is cooled to room temperature, reaches safe moisture 14% or so After discharge drying tower, be then fed into silo and stored.Moisture content of the grain before drying tower is admitted to and defeated from drying tower The actual moisture content needs sent out are accomplished to detect in real time.Meanwhile with the temperature of air and wet during silo is stored The variation of degree, the moisture content of grain can also change, this just needs a kind of to detect grain moisture content in silo in real time Device.At present, the detection method of grain moisture content has weighing method and infrared radiation method, and weighing method is to grain using various title weighing apparatus The quality of food is weighed, and the method is that manual detection can not achieve real-time online detection, and time-consuming and error is big;In addition, by The restriction of silo volume can not be realized.And infrared radiation method can only be detected the moisture on the surface of grain, the knot drawn Fruit is very inaccurate.Therefore, the method for current grain moisture content detection has the defects of very big.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
Grain is penetrated it is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of ultra-broadband signal using specific frequency and is examined in real time Survey the device of grain moisture content.
In order to realize these purposes and further advantage according to the present invention, a kind of grain moisture content detection device is provided, is surpassed Broadband (Ultra WideBand) technology is to send and receive the very low impulse of duty cycle (ns level widths), so as to obtain The transmission technology of GHz magnitude bandwidth, in 3.01-10.6GHz frequency bands, power spectral density is only 75nW/MHz.Pulse letter used Number frequency is higher, and wavelength is shorter, and detection resolution is high, can realize the accurate detection of information on target object, and penetration capacity is strong, fits Testing conditions inside nonmetallic grain conveyer belt or various silos are answered, including:
Several ultra-broadband signal transmitters, for emitting ultra-broadband signal to pass through grain to be measured, wherein described The thickness of ultra-broadband signal through the grain to be measured is within 20 meters;
Ultra-broadband signal receiver for receiving through the ultra-broadband signal after grain to be measured, and carries out it denoising, filter Ripple pre-processes;
Grain samples database, for preserving the data message of at least one grain samples, the data message includes class Type, kind, mechanical means measure moisture content and corresponding ultra-broadband signal energy attenuation amount;And
Processor, with the ultra-broadband signal transmitter, the ultra-broadband signal receiver and the grain information data Storehouse data connection for carrying out difference operation to the ultra-broadband signal emitted and the ultra-broadband signal received, obtains ultra-wide The energy of the ultra-broadband signal of the grain samples of same breed in the energy attenuation amount of band signal, with the grain information database Amount attenuation is compared, and obtains the moisture content of corresponding grain to be measured;
Wherein, the frequency of the ultra-broadband signal of the ultra-broadband signal transmitter transmitting is 5.85-7.35GHz.
Preferably, the type of the grain samples and kind include:
Oil crops include at least following kind:Sunflower seeds, sesame, soybean, peanut, castor-oil plant, perillaseed and rapeseed;
Fine grain crop includes at least following kind:Paddy and wheat;And
Coarse food grain crop includes at least following kind:Corn, red bean, mung bean, black soya bean, buckwheat and barley;
Wherein, the frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting oil crops is 5.85GHz-6.35GHz;
The frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting fine grain crop is 6.35GHz- 6.75GHz;
The frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting coarse food grain crop is 6.75GHz- 7.35GHz。
Preferably, the data message further includes place of production information.
Preferably, the ultra-broadband signal transmitter is equipped with station location marker, for the position of itself to be sent to the place Manage device.
Preferably, the processor includes:
Signal processing unit is connected with the ultra-broadband signal transmitter and the ultra-broadband signal receiver data, For to the ultra-broadband signal denoising received, filtering process, and calculate the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;And
Calculation processing unit, and the signal processing unit and the grain information database data connection, for root According to the energy attenuation amount for the ultra-broadband signal that signal processing unit obtains, with identical grain variety in the grain information database The energy attenuation amounts of ultra-broadband signal of grain samples compared, obtain corresponding grain moisture content, and calculate grain to be measured Eat the average moisture content of unit area.
The present invention also provides a kind of grain measurement of moisture content method using grain moisture content detection device, including following step Suddenly:
S1, the moisture content using the polytype grain samples of dry method measurement, at the same emit ultra-broadband signal so that its Through the grain samples, type, kind, the place of production information of the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal and the grain samples are protected together It deposits;
S2, transmitting ultra-broadband signal pass through grain to be measured;
S3, receive through grain to be measured ultra-broadband signal;
S4, the ultra-broadband signal denoising to receiving, filtering process calculate the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;And
S5, the energy attenuation amount according to the obtained ultra-broadband signals of step S4, the identical grains-type and product preserved with S1 The energy attenuation amount of the ultra-broadband signal of the grain samples of kind is compared, and obtains corresponding grain moisture content, is grain to be measured The moisture content of food.
Preferably, in the step S2, ultra-broadband signal is through the path of grain to be measured within 20 meters.
Preferably, the type of the grain samples and kind include:
Oil crops include at least following kind:Sunflower seeds, sesame, soybean, peanut, castor-oil plant, perillaseed and rapeseed;
Fine grain crop includes at least following kind:Paddy and wheat;And
Coarse food grain crop includes at least following kind:Corn, red bean, mung bean, black soya bean, buckwheat and barley;
Wherein, when detecting oil crops, the frequency of ultra-broadband signal is 5.85GHz-6.35GHz;
When detecting fine grain crop, the frequency of ultra-broadband signal is 6.35GHz-6.75GHz;
When detecting coarse food grain crop, the frequency of ultra-broadband signal is 6.75GHz-7.35GHz.
Preferably, this grain measurement of moisture content method further includes:
S6, unit of account volume grain to be measured average moisture content, be specially:It is received to all in certain volume Energy attenuation amount is counted, and respectively obtains the moisture content of grain to be measured everywhere, and all moisture content to obtaining are averaged, Obtain the average moisture content of grain to be measured in the volume.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect:
Compared with the prior art, the present invention is found that specific frequency ultra-broadband signal can in grain measurement of moisture content breakthroughly Stable and higher accuracy is kept, and different frequencies has been segmented further directed to different types of grain, is further increased The strong reliability of grain measurement of moisture content, the present invention can realize China's stored grain industry to grain feelings in real time, accurate monitoring, The device has practicability and high performance-price ratio, and simple in structure, easily operated, fills up China's stored grain industry to grain water Blank on sorting survey technology.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the grain moisture content detection device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained;In the description of the present invention, term " transverse direction ", " vertical To ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", the instructions such as " outer " side Position or position relationship are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, It is not instruction or implies signified device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, because This is not considered as limiting the invention.
The invention mechanism of the present invention
When the pulsed microwave signals of one fixed width are launched, signal amplitude (i.e. energy) is fixed, in radiating circuit It employs fixed amplitude circuit to ensure to be less than 0.05dBm in -30~+50 DEG C of temperature range transmitting signal amplitude fluctuations, phase is also true Fixed, after this signal passes through certain thickness grain, signal energy has certain attenuation.The difference of grain moisture content can make The pad value for obtaining signal energy is different.The installation site of ultra-broadband signal transmitter and receiver is usually fixed, equipment Between the variation that is intended to signal amplitude without grain and while having grain carry out the test of certain time, these variable quantities are using at circuit What is exported after reason is analog voltage, and initial measurement can be used as after being quantified by analog-to-digital circuit, then utilizes machine The sampling of tool method measures the moisture of grain to be measured, and database is write using these test values as initial calibration value, actual The Measurement for Grain Moisture Content of initial measurement is corresponded to, this workload is very big, and this method will establish China's grain moisture content feature Class library and elimination grain error caused by volume change.During follow-up test, by the knot of the variation and foregoing test of energy Fruit carries out difference processing, you can draws the Water content percentage of current grain.The signal of each transmitter transmitting carries Location information can confirm the specific location of transmitter after receiver demodulation, the grain water of where thus can be determined by processor How much divide content.The algorithm is exactly the difference arithmetic of signal amplitude variation.Corresponding receiver received signal phase place change is only As correction factor, different grain variety phase place changes is different.Although existing literature is on the books use frequency for The microwave of 100MHz-10GHz can detect moisture, but most of is according to formulaThe supposition of progress, wherein, M is containing for required detected grain Water, W be UWB Impulse signal energy attenuation amount, αBFor the dielectric constant of water, ρ ' are the density contrast of water and grain, T is the thickness of tested grain, | τ | the mould of the reflectance factor between air and measured object, B wear for ultra-wideband impulse signal The phase difference of hydrous matter is crossed, k is calibration constant, and different grain varieties are different, it is necessary to live sample testing determines, the formula The formula only set up under a theory, and in practical applications, different microwave frequencies declining after grain is passed through It is distinguishing to subtract, the microwave of most of frequency after the grain through different in moisture attenuation there is no linear relationship, It can not directly utilize in the test of grain moisture content.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of grain moisture content detection device, ultra wide band according to prolonged experiment (Ultra WideBand) technology is to send and receive the very low impulse of duty cycle (ns level widths), so as to obtain GHz amounts The transmission technology of grade bandwidth, in 3.01-10.6GHz frequency bands, power spectral density is only 75nW/MHz.Pulse signal frequency used Higher, wavelength is shorter, and detection resolution is high, can realize the accurate detection of information on target object, penetration capacity is strong, adapts to non-gold Belong to testing conditions inside grain conveyer belt or various silos, including:
Several ultra-broadband signal transmitters, for emitting ultra-broadband signal to pass through grain to be measured, wherein described The thickness of ultra-broadband signal through the grain to be measured is the most long hair of the ultra-broadband signal transmitter in the present invention within 20 meters Distance is penetrated as 100 meters, the effective thickness that can pass through grain is 20 meters, it is sufficient to meet the need of domestic silo or grain conveyer belt It asks.
Ultra-broadband signal receiver for receiving through the ultra-broadband signal after grain to be measured, and carries out it denoising, filter Ripple pre-processes;
Grain samples database, for preserving the data message of at least one grain samples, the data message includes class Type, kind, mechanical means measure moisture content and corresponding ultra-broadband signal energy attenuation amount;And
Processor, with the ultra-broadband signal transmitter, the ultra-broadband signal receiver and the grain information data Storehouse data connection for carrying out difference operation to the ultra-broadband signal emitted and the ultra-broadband signal received, obtains ultra-wide The energy of the ultra-broadband signal of the grain samples of same breed in the energy attenuation amount of band signal, with the grain information database Amount attenuation is compared, and obtains the moisture content of corresponding grain to be measured;
Wherein, the frequency of the ultra-broadband signal of the ultra-broadband signal transmitter transmitting is 5.85-7.35GHz.
The type and kind of the grain samples include:
Oil crops include at least following kind:Sunflower seeds, sesame, soybean, peanut, castor-oil plant, perillaseed and rapeseed;
Fine grain crop includes at least following kind:Paddy and wheat;And
Coarse food grain crop includes at least following kind:Corn, red bean, mung bean, black soya bean, buckwheat and barley;
Wherein, the frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting oil crops is 5.85GHz-6.35GHz;
The frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting fine grain crop is 6.35GHz- 6.75GHz;
The frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting coarse food grain crop is 6.75GHz- 7.35GHz。
The data message further includes place of production information.
The ultra-broadband signal transmitter is equipped with station location marker, for the position of itself to be sent to the processor.
The processor includes:
Signal processing unit is connected with the ultra-broadband signal transmitter and the ultra-broadband signal receiver data, For to the ultra-broadband signal denoising received, filtering process, and calculate the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;Signal processing list The pulse signal of ultra wide band is moved 70MHz intermediate frequencies, the acquisition process so converted convenient for the analog to digital of rear end by member.It is whole The gain that a access provides not less than 40dB controls, while simulation output wave filter is limited in signal in 20MHz bandwidth, according to Sampling thheorem may be employed the system clock of 102.4MHz, and signal digitizes signal by high-speed ADC laggard in 20MHz bandwidth Enter FPGA i.e. field programmable gate array, carry out signal power detection process in module, select the high-speed ADC module of 16BIT, have Effect processing dynamic is generally 70dB or so, after the variable gain amplifier for increasing 40dB adjusting ranges, realizes processing dynamic range Needs more than 100dB, since input signal is limited in the 20MHz bandwidth of 70MHz intermediate frequencies, as long as one or more of transmitting A frequency deviation signal is more than 100kHz, and to transceiver module, simultaneously whether transmitting-receiving does not require, and can extract the input of 3 tunnels simultaneously completely The power of signal;
And
Calculation processing unit, and the signal processing unit and the grain information database data connection, for root According to the energy attenuation amount for the ultra-broadband signal that signal processing unit obtains, with identical grain variety in the grain information database The energy attenuation amounts of ultra-broadband signal of grain samples compared, obtain corresponding grain moisture content, and calculate grain to be measured Eat the average moisture content of unit area.
The present invention also provides a kind of grain measurement of moisture content method using grain moisture content detection device, including following step Suddenly:
S1, the moisture content using the polytype grain samples of dry method measurement, at the same emit ultra-broadband signal so that its Through the grain samples, type, kind, the place of production information of the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal and the grain samples are protected together It deposits, the precision of the more detections of sample value of deposit is higher;
S2, transmitting ultra-broadband signal pass through grain to be measured;
S3, receive through grain to be measured ultra-broadband signal;
S4, the ultra-broadband signal denoising to receiving, filtering process calculate the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;And
S5, the energy attenuation amount according to the obtained ultra-broadband signals of step S4, the identical grains-type and product preserved with S1 The energy attenuation amount of the ultra-broadband signal of the grain samples of kind is compared, and obtains corresponding grain moisture content, is grain to be measured The moisture content of food.
In the step S2, ultra-broadband signal is through the path of grain to be measured within 20 meters.
The type and kind of the grain samples include:
Oil crops include at least following kind:Sunflower seeds, sesame, soybean, peanut, castor-oil plant, perillaseed and rapeseed;
Fine grain crop includes at least following kind:Paddy and wheat;And
Coarse food grain crop includes at least following kind:Corn, red bean, mung bean, black soya bean, buckwheat and barley;
Wherein, when detecting oil crops, the frequency of ultra-broadband signal is 5.85GHz-6.35GHz;
When detecting fine grain crop, the frequency of ultra-broadband signal is 6.35GHz-6.75GHz;
When detecting coarse food grain crop, the frequency of ultra-broadband signal is 6.75GHz-7.35GHz.
This grain measurement of moisture content method further includes:
S6, unit of account volume grain to be measured average moisture content, be specially:It is received to all in certain volume Energy attenuation amount is counted, and respectively obtains the moisture content of grain to be measured everywhere, and all moisture content to obtaining are averaged, Obtain the average moisture content of grain to be measured in the volume.
Embodiment 1
Ultra-broadband signal transmitter in uniformly placing 10 present invention in the bottom of the silo of storage rice, in silo 1 ultra-broadband signal receiver is placed at top, by processor and ultra-broadband signal transmitter, ultra-broadband signal receiver and grain Information database data connection gathers several groups of this silos under batch using the machinery of standard or infrared detection instrument etc. first The moisture content of rice sample, while moisture content of the rice sample under the operation of this moisture content detection device is tested, corresponding data is write Enter in grain information database, then run the ultra-broadband signal transmitter in silo, transmitting ultra-broadband signal passes through grain to be measured Food;Ultra-broadband signal receiver receives the ultra-broadband signal through grain to be measured;Processor removes the ultra-broadband signal received It makes an uproar, filtering process, calculates the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;And the energy attenuation amount of the ultra-broadband signal, with grain information Energy attenuation amount data in database are compared, and obtain corresponding grain moisture content, are the ultra-broadband signal transmitter 10 grain moisture contents of gained, are then averaged by the moisture content of the grain to be measured at place, are that being averaged in the silo contains Water rate.
The industrial applicibility of the present invention
Compared with the prior art, the present invention is found that specific frequency ultra-broadband signal can in grain measurement of moisture content breakthroughly Stable and higher accuracy is kept, and different frequencies has been segmented further directed to different types of grain, is further increased The strong reliability of grain measurement of moisture content, the present invention can realize China's stored grain industry to grain feelings in real time, accurate monitoring, The device has practicability and high performance-price ratio, and simple in structure, easily operated, fills up China's stored grain industry to grain water Blank on sorting survey technology.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, it is of the invention and unlimited In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of grain moisture content detection device, which is characterized in that including:
Several ultra-broadband signal transmitters, for emitting ultra-broadband signal to pass through grain to be measured, wherein the ultra-wide The thickness of band signal through the grain to be measured is within 20 meters;
Ultra-broadband signal receiver for receiving through the ultra-broadband signal after grain to be measured, and carries out it denoising, filtering in advance Processing;
Grain samples database, for preserving the data message of at least one grain samples, the data message includes type, product The energy attenuation amount of kind, the moisture content that mechanical means measures and corresponding ultra-broadband signal;And
Processor, with the ultra-broadband signal transmitter, the ultra-broadband signal receiver and the grain information database number According to connection, for carrying out difference operation to the ultra-broadband signal emitted and the ultra-broadband signal received, obtain ultra-wide and take a message Number energy attenuation amount, decline with the energy of the ultra-broadband signal of the grain samples of the same breed in the grain information database Decrement is compared, and obtains the moisture content of corresponding grain to be measured;
Wherein, the frequency of the ultra-broadband signal of the ultra-broadband signal transmitter transmitting is 5.85-7.35GHz;
The type and kind of the grain samples include:
Oil crops include at least following kind:Sunflower seeds, sesame, soybean, peanut, castor-oil plant, perillaseed and rapeseed;
Fine grain crop includes at least following kind:Paddy and wheat;And
Coarse food grain crop includes at least following kind:Corn, red bean, mung bean, black soya bean, buckwheat and barley;
Wherein, the frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting oil crops is 5.85GHz- 6.35GHz;
The frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting fine grain crop is 6.35GHz- 6.75GHz;
The frequency for the ultra-broadband signal that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter emits when detecting coarse food grain crop is 6.75GHz- 7.35GHz。
2. grain moisture content detection device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the data message further includes place of production letter Breath.
3. grain moisture content detection device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ultra-broadband signal transmitter is equipped with position Mark is put, for the position of itself to be sent to the processor.
4. grain moisture content detection device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the processor includes:
Signal processing unit is connected with the ultra-broadband signal transmitter and the ultra-broadband signal receiver data, is used for To receive ultra-broadband signal denoising, filtering process, and calculate the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;And
Calculation processing unit, and the signal processing unit and the grain information database data connection, for according to letter The energy attenuation amount for the ultra-broadband signal that number processing unit obtains, the grain with identical grain variety in the grain information database The energy attenuation amount for eating the ultra-broadband signal of sample is compared, and is obtained corresponding grain moisture content, and is calculated grain list to be measured The average moisture content of plane product.
A kind of 5. grain measurement of moisture content method using grain moisture content detection device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that Comprise the following steps:
S1, the moisture content using the polytype grain samples of dry method measurement, while emit ultra-broadband signal to pass through The grain samples preserve type, kind, the place of production information of the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal and the grain samples together;
S2, transmitting ultra-broadband signal pass through grain to be measured;
S3, receive through grain to be measured ultra-broadband signal;
S4, the ultra-broadband signal denoising to receiving, filtering process calculate the energy attenuation amount of ultra-broadband signal;And
S5, the energy attenuation amount according to the obtained ultra-broadband signals of step S4, with the S1 identical grains-types preserved and kind The energy attenuation amount of the ultra-broadband signal of grain samples is compared, and obtains corresponding grain moisture content, is grain to be measured Moisture content;
In the S2, ultra-broadband signal is through the path of grain to be measured within 20 meters;
The type and kind of the grain samples include:
Oil crops include at least following kind:Sunflower seeds, sesame, soybean, peanut, castor-oil plant, perillaseed and rapeseed;
Fine grain crop includes at least following kind:Paddy and wheat;And
Coarse food grain crop includes at least following kind:Corn, red bean, mung bean, black soya bean, buckwheat and barley;
Wherein, the frequency of the ultra-broadband signal when detecting oil crops is 5.85GHz-6.35GHz;
The frequency of ultra-broadband signal when detecting fine grain crop is 6.35GHz-6.75GHz;
The frequency of ultra-broadband signal when detecting coarse food grain crop is 6.75GHz-7.35GHz.
6. grain measurement of moisture content method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that further include:
S6, unit of account volume grain to be measured average moisture content, be specially:To all energy received in certain volume Attenuation is counted, and respectively obtains the moisture content of grain to be measured everywhere, and all moisture content to obtaining average to get The average moisture content of grain to be measured in the volume.
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