CN105603430B - 一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂 - Google Patents
一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical class Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂及其制备方法。每100mL所述腐蚀剂溶液中包含H2O 35‑70mL；盐酸12‑35mL；FeCl3·6H2O 25‑55g；CuCl2·2H2O 1‑4g；硝酸4‑15mL；双氧水1‑10滴；以及新洁尔灭1‑5mL。制备方法为：先将蒸馏水加入烧杯，然后依次加入FeCl3·6H2O、CuCl2·2H2O，充分搅拌至FeCl3·6H2O和CuCl2·2H2O均匀溶解；随后加入盐酸，搅拌均匀，然后加入硝酸和新洁尔灭，最后滴入双氧水混合均匀即可。本发明提供的奥氏体不锈钢内壁喷丸层组织的腐蚀剂可以清晰地显示奥氏体不锈钢喷丸层的组织，光学显微镜200倍下可以很容易分辨出内壁的喷丸层；500倍下可以区分喷丸层的碎化晶层、交滑移层及单滑移层的形态。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂。
背景技术
随着锅炉蒸汽参数的不断提高，锅炉过热器和再热器钢管内壁蒸汽氧化腐蚀和氧化膜剥落堵管的问题已经呈现在锅炉制造者和使用者面前，为了改善管材蒸汽氧化问题和最大限度的挖掘钢材的潜力，日本NKK等公司率先对Super304H奥氏体不锈钢管内壁进行了喷丸处理。试验证明喷丸处理对提高钢管内壁的抗蒸汽氧化性能起着积极的作用。
喷丸层的光学金相组织特征主要是奥氏体和在其基体上分布的大量滑移带。滑移带的深度和密度与喷丸强度有关，通过对组织中滑移带特征的分析可以判断喷丸的效果。通常用以腐蚀奥氏体钢基体的腐蚀剂主要有氯化铁盐酸溶液，硫酸铜溶液等腐蚀剂。然而，常规腐蚀剂并不能清晰显示出喷丸层的滑移带，影响滑移带深度的测量。因此，配制一种能清晰显示奥氏体钢喷丸层组织特征的腐蚀剂尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种能显示奥氏体不锈钢内壁喷丸层的腐蚀剂及其制备方法。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂，其特征在于，每100mL溶液中包含H2O 35-70mL；盐酸12-35mL；FeCl3·6H2O 25-55g；CuCl2·2H2O 1-4g；硝酸4-15mL；双氧水1-10滴；以及新洁尔灭1-5mL。
本发明还提供了上述显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将蒸馏水加入烧杯，然后依次加入FeCl3·6H2O、CuCl2·2H2O，充分搅拌至FeCl3·6H2O和CuCl2·2H2O均匀溶解；随后加入盐酸，搅拌均匀，然后加入硝酸和新洁尔灭，最后滴入双氧水混合均匀即可。
本发明提供的奥氏体不锈钢内壁喷丸层组织的腐蚀剂可以清晰地显示奥氏体不锈钢喷丸层的组织，光学显微镜200倍下可以很容易分辨出内壁的喷丸层，进而对喷丸层的深度进行测量。光学显微镜500倍下可以区分喷丸层的碎化晶层、交滑移层及单滑移层的形态。腐蚀效果良好。
附图说明
图1和图2为光学显微镜200倍下的喷丸层组织；
图3和图4为光学显微镜500倍下的喷丸层组织。
具体实施方式
为使本发明更明显易懂，兹以优选实施例，并配合附图作详细说明如下。
实施例中采用的TP347H不锈钢的合金成分如表1所示。
表1
| C | Mn | Si | S | P | Cr | Ni |
| 0.07 | 1.50 | 0.46 | 0.002 | 0.020 | 19.41 | 10.09 |
实施例1
一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂，其配方如表2所示。
表2
| H2O | 盐酸 | FeCl3·6H2O | CuCl2·2H2O | 硝酸 | 新洁尔灭 | 双氧水 |
| 45mL | 50mL | 35g | 5.5g | 19mL | 2mL | 2滴 |
其中，盐酸的质量浓度为38％，硝酸的质量浓度为68％。
制备方法如下：
先将蒸馏水加入烧杯，然后依次加入FeCl3·6H2O，CuCl2·2H2O，充分搅拌FeCl3·6H2O和CuCl2·2H2O至均匀溶解；随后加入盐酸，搅拌均匀，然后加入硝酸和新洁尔灭，最后滴入双氧水混合均匀即可。
试验方法：
将经过内壁喷丸的TP347H不锈钢加工成金相试样，磨抛后对试样进行擦拭，擦拭时间约10s，当腐蚀面呈浅灰色，用水将试样表面的多余腐蚀液冲掉，再用酒精冲洗试样，最后用吹风机吹干试样，用金相显微镜进行金相组织观察，如图1-图4所示。图1和图2是光学显微镜200倍下的喷丸层组织，喷丸层和基体组织区别明显，可以很容易对喷丸层的深度进行测量。图3和图4是光学显微镜500倍下的喷丸层组织，从图中可以区分喷丸层的碎化晶层、交滑移层及单滑移层的形态。腐蚀效果良好。
实施例2-3
按实施例1同样的方法，采取表2的配方，腐蚀内壁喷丸的奥氏体不锈钢管，喷丸层的腐蚀效果良好，能清晰显示喷丸层的组织形态。
表2 实施例1-3的配方及腐蚀效果
Claims (2)
1.一种显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂，其特征在于，每100mL溶液中包含H2O35-70mL；盐酸12-35mL；FeCl3·6H2O 25-55g；CuCl2·2H2O 1-4g；硝酸4-15mL；双氧水1-10滴；以及新洁尔灭1-5mL。
2.一种权利要求1所述的显示喷丸层滑移带组织的腐蚀剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将蒸馏水加入烧杯，然后依次加入FeCl3·6H2O、CuCl2·2H2O，充分搅拌至FeCl3·6H2O和CuCl2·2H2O均匀溶解；随后加入盐酸，搅拌均匀，然后加入硝酸和新洁尔灭，最后滴入双氧水混合均匀即可。
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| CN106350820B (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-12-25 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | 一种显示奥氏体耐热钢管内壁喷丸层的浸蚀剂及其使用方法 |
| CN115323378B (zh) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-04-26 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种显示奥氏体材料滑移带的金相腐蚀剂及其制备方法和使用方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102517586A (zh) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种显示9％Cr钢原奥氏体晶界的腐蚀剂及其应用 |
| CN102888608A (zh) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-01-23 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种显示细晶粒奥氏体不锈钢晶界的腐蚀剂及其制备方法 |
| CN104233302A (zh) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-24 | 南通万德科技有限公司 | 一种蚀刻液及其应用 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102517586A (zh) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种显示9％Cr钢原奥氏体晶界的腐蚀剂及其应用 |
| CN102888608A (zh) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-01-23 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种显示细晶粒奥氏体不锈钢晶界的腐蚀剂及其制备方法 |
| CN104233302A (zh) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-24 | 南通万德科技有限公司 | 一种蚀刻液及其应用 |
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