CN1055884C - Method and equipment for grinding the surface of billet controlled by microcomputer - Google Patents
Method and equipment for grinding the surface of billet controlled by microcomputer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1055884C CN1055884C CN93120431A CN93120431A CN1055884C CN 1055884 C CN1055884 C CN 1055884C CN 93120431 A CN93120431 A CN 93120431A CN 93120431 A CN93120431 A CN 93120431A CN 1055884 C CN1055884 C CN 1055884C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method using microcomputers to control the grinding of billets and equipment, which belongs to the technical field of computer technology and metallurgical equipment. The method using microcomputers to control the grinding (skinning) of billets lies in that the overall process of grinding a billet is uniformly managed and controlled in a centralized manner by a plurality of microcomputers; the harmonious automatic or hand-operated, continuous and discontinuous grinding operation of the billet and the monitoring and the supervision of faults of the equipment are realized by using the high and novel technologies of a sensor, electrons, photoelectrons, electromagnetism, hydraulic pressure, etc. The equipment manufactured according to the method is formed from the assembly of a microcomputer system, photoelectric monitoring, electronic control, remote distance transmission, electromagnetic control, hydraulic transmission, a grinding head seat frame, a square and round slab dolly, loading and unloading material table and a dust extraction system. The equipment has the advantage of high automation and is advanced equipment for grinding billets at present.
Description
The method and apparatus of microcomputer control grinding steel billet of the present invention belongs to computer technology and technical field of metallurgical machinery, is specifically related to Application of Microcomputer and controls the steel billet equipment for grinding in the method for steel billet grinding with by the microcomputer of this manufactured.This method and apparatus is applicable to processing grinding steel ingot fully.
The large-scale steel ingot of steel-making casting and the steel billet that rolls into, ruffian defects such as its surperficial crackle, decarburizing layer, iron scale need arrangement, adopt usually one deck is removed in the epidermis grinding of the steel billet whole body, and steel industry is commonly called as steel billet and strips off the skin.Wheel grinding is adopted in the grinding of steel billet usually, and the steel billet device on the heavy duty machine tools platform, is carried out grinding with large-scale emery wheel, and these all are operation processing under machinery control.This old-fashioned machine has a lot of shortcomings naturally, manual operations, and wasted work is time-consuming, can not be continuously and automated production, and the steel billet surface defect of grinding is not divisible of poor quality, obviously is starved of the performance that improves and improve this machinery.
In the face of modernized new and high technology, plan of the present invention computer (as microcomputer), sensor technology, photoelectron technology, distantly synthetically be used on the steel billet method for grinding and the steel billet equipment for grinding apart from observation and control technology, Electromagnetic Control technology, hydraulic transmission technology etc.Release a kind of more modern steel billet method for grinding and machinery equipment, purpose of the present invention that Here it is to society.Realize that measure of the present invention is steel billet grinding overall process to be decomposed to the overall process that unloads through grinding from the blank installation come, each minute process, each step in addition new and high technology such as microcomputer, electronics, photoelectron, sensor, distant distance, electromagnetism, hydraulic pressure control, and these controls are integrated, methodization, systematization, sequencing, synthesize and coordinate management and control by microcomputer, can realize purpose of the present invention.
The present invention about the technical scheme of the method for microcomputer control grinding steel billet is: the steel billet grinding processing method that adopts new technologies and methods and operated by microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment in grinding steel billet overall process, its technical characterstic is: the steel billet grinding processing method of described microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment operation is to be controlled by the microsystem centralized and unified management in the grinding overall process, rely on multiple sensors to gather observing and controlling information, adopt electronics, photoelectron, electromagnetism, the monitoring of hydraulic pressure, monitoring, control is moving, the system of transmission and mechanism, comprise in steel billet grinding overall process: blank loads onto and unloads and turn on equipment for grinding during the steel billet grinding, change, move, clamp, unclamp and the overall process of grinding in, realize grinding tool, steel billet and its chassis and other Aided Machine part in the grinding overall process harmonious automatic or manual continuously with the instant conversion of discontinuous steel billet grinding and operation conditions, and automatic monitoring and monitoring that grinding process is broken down; A. described Control System of Microcomputer is principal and subordinate or the combined type Control System of Microcomputer that is combined into by many microcomputers, two in this way, the Control System of Microcomputer of three or many compositions, the hardware of system comprises: the information processing part: comprise the cpu part, information storage part: comprise ROM, the storage system that multiple memory such as RAM is formed, human-computer dialogue part: include operating control keyboard, Displaying Meter, display screen and printer etc., partial message transmission: transmission yarn, various connector assemblies, interface section: comprise multimachine, the on-line interface circuit, online and joint control multimachine partly reaches corresponding various hardware device, each functional circuit, sensor, memory, functional part etc.; The software kit of microsystem is a modular construction, the programming of use assembler language, software program divides main program module and each subroutine module, they are stored in the memory of inner setting of Control System of Microcomputer and the outside difference in functionality different capabilities of expanding with the modular macroassembler subroutine respectively, formed the system software package that solidifies, the software systems of these method for grinding design and use are abundant in content, operation, operation, operating mode transforms, fault observing and controlling or the like function is comparatively perfect, main program calls with priority with request as required and interrupts each subprogram, press this software program control and flexible operation freely, repeatability, continuity, real-time, vulnerability to jamming, modulation is all very strong.Control System of Microcomputer, hardware device (the peripheral ancillary hardware equipment that comprises Control System of Microcomputer) by this system and by software systems (software systems of establishing in comprising and the extending out) real-time implementation of grinding steel billet Whole Process Design program to the electronics in the steel billet grinding overall process, photoelectron, sensor monitoring and monitoring, Electromagnetic Control, hydraulic drive, mechanical movement, the steel billet grinding, the tracking detection and the reconditioning of grinding quality, the blank dress, unload, turn over, change, move, clamp, unclamp the monitoring in advance of fault and the unified management of monitoring automatically, coordinate control and operation; The method of electronics, photoelectron monitoring and monitoring that b. described microcomputer control grinding process adopts comprises: photoelectric coding counting, multiple photoelectric sensor observing and controlling, grinding are followed the tracks of and are detected, microcomputer storage monitoring, the electronic monitoring monitor portion that this method forms, all under microsystem control, divide forceful electric power and light current control section, wherein have: the human-computer dialogue part: handle supervisory keyboard, monitoring and Displaying Meter, display screen and printer etc.; Distant apart from hop: as to comprise distant collection, sensing, shoot with video-corder, show, follow the tracks of and detect and scanning, monitoring, transmission, monitoring, moving each function element, device, assembly, parts, transmission yarn and each the function electronic circuit of control apart from information; Electromagnetic Control part: comprise mechanical part, motion parts, the power section of this equipment, Electromagnetic Control valve, switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control circuit and the electromagnetic sensor etc. of hydraulic part; Heavy-current control part: electric control cabinet and its power supply, transformer, instrument, switch and electric brake, electromagnetic valve, relay and control cable etc. are arranged; The microcomputer of Xing Chenging--the distant comprehensive coordination operating mechanism apart from monitoring emery wheel bistrique and mounting and steel billet and its chassis of photoelectron realizes automation or manually changes grinding and the operation of reconditioning steel billet thus; C. the sensor that described microcomputer control grinding process uses has: thickness transducer, displacement transducer, photoelectric sensor, pressure sensor, velocity sensor, power sensor, fluid sensor etc., the multiple sensors of described employing, they are arranged on the important step and critical positions of steel billet equipment for grinding, the electronics of reconnaissance equipment, machinery, power, transmission, hydraulic pressure, the bistrique mounting, chassis, the important information of material platform each several part and fault and real-time Transmission are made the operation of information processing and this equipment of control to Control System of Microcomputer, operating mode transforms and fault observing and controlling, makes Control System of Microcomputer control and break down the operation of equipment each several part in grinding process and monitors and monitor; D. the Electromagnetic Control method that described microcomputer control grinding process adopts has: under control of microcomputer to hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic valve of equipment and hydraulic system, the switch of the motor of dynamical system and motor start and stop and valve, the operation of each mechanical part, conversion and braking, and the Electromagnetic Control and the action of the functional part operation of light, electricity, magnetic each several part; Electromagnetic Control partly comprises mechanical part, motion parts, the power section of this equipment, Electromagnetic Control valve, switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control circuit and the electromagnetic sensor etc. of hydraulic part; The hydraulic transmission method of e. described microcomputer control grinding process has: under microcomputer control, and to abrasive machine, boom truck machinery, the loading, unloading of steel billet, the machinery that turns over, changes, moves, clamps, unclamps and the hydraulic control and the transmission of other Aided Machine; The hydraulic drive part of described employing: in equipment the design and adopted hydraulic technique be used as power and transmission be characteristics.Adopted hydraulic motor to do the power drive of trolley movement system, the driving wheel of circle base chassis folder base runner is also by fluid motor-driven.Hydraulic motor is milder than motor, particularly there be not rapid sending out and sudden change during start and stop, adopt flow, flow velocity and the pressure of hydraulic pump and Flux Valve Control regulator solution pressure motor in addition, make the chassis speed of service, the circle base runner speed can stepless modulation in wide codomain scope, reciprocal operation to chassis, hydraulic motor has also adopted two-way liquid stream reversal valve, and chassis can be moved back and forth immediately neatly.Hydraulic pressure is made transmission system: design and adopted round base chassis to change base, adorn base, unload base, the square billet chassis presss from both sides base, turns over base, adorns base, unloads base, slab chassis card base, turn over base, adorn base, unload base, feeding platform dress base, push away base and blanking bench unloads base, dials the hydraulic pressure Synchronizable drive systems of base, make many groups, multichannel, multicylinder hydraulic transmission system and multi-cylinder one tunnel Hydraulic Power Transmission System all can realize Synchronous Transmission, it is worthy of note: this all is being a kind of innovation aspect hydraulic technique, the hydraulic machinery.Owing to adopt hydraulic transmission technology, the scope of chassis clamping different size circle base, square billet and slab can stepless modulation in wide codomain.It should be appreciated that: hydraulic pressure Synchronous Transmission technology is united employing under the microcomputer controlled electro magnetic control is moving, it makes the operation of entire equipment and use become simple and convenient, and is flexibly and fast accurately advanced, the automaticity height.Above-mentioned just advantage is at feeding platform dress base, push away base, blanking bench and unload base, dial base and also all adopted hydraulic pressure Synchronous Transmission technology; The operation mechanism of f. described microcomputer control grinding process: under microcomputer unified management monitoring, current collection, photoelectron, sensor, distant distance, electromagnetism, hydraulic technique are in this equipment, and operation and malfunction monitoring and the monitoring that equipment complex is coordinated realized on automation or manualization ground; The bistrique travel mechanism of described employing is: also design and adopted hydraulic transmission technology and hydraulic machinery moving forward and backward of grinding head system and oscilaltion, its advantage is ditto seldom stated; The emery wheel constant force griding mechanism of described employing is: design and adopted only lifting of emery wheel bistrique mounting, form the lever system of bistrique mounting self, except that the bistrique own wt was taken no account of steel billet pressure, lever system can be offset the disturbance of non-grinding external force with its flexibility; The grinding force that loads on emery wheel designs and has adopted Hydraulic Power Transmission System too, the grinding force that not only can make loading can stepless modulation in wide codomain scope, and adopted the bidirectional flooding valve on the hydraulic cylinder piston both sides, seal this oil piping system down at given grinding pressure (coming down to liquid pressure), forming two-way automatic overflow regulates, get rid of the outer force-disturbance of non-grinding, guarantee that the grinding force that applies is and only is hydraulicdriven loading force and is a constant force.This balancedly pulls down a certain thickness epidermal area to the grinding steel billet is very favourable.Constant force griding also has the observing and controlling of pressure sensor, is in microcomputer control processing down like this, and the accuracy that its grinding strips off the skin is very high.The permanent merit grinding mechanism of the emery wheel that adopts is: be made of jointly constant force griding mechanism and emery wheel constant linear speed grinding mechanism, utilize speed probe monitoring grinding wheel speed, monitor grinding wheel radius with displacement transducer, with current sensor monitoring grinding wheel drive mitor power, under the distant distance monitoring of microcomputer, make the operation of emery wheel constant linear velocity, realize the permanent merit grinding of emery wheel; The grinding wheel spindle of described employing is undertaken lubricated cooling body: be the another characteristics of the technical program, grinding wheel bearing originally is lubricated by solid-state butter etc., and greasy property is poor, and damage of bearings is fast and serious.Liquid oils circulating lubricating double as bearing cooling fluid has been adopted in design.Use two oil pumps one to send one to take out and strengthen circulation, added liquid stream fault sensor again and monitored automatically, the damage of bearings rate reduces to original 1/10th; Also has boom truck machinery, the loading, unloading of steel billet, the machinery that turns over, changes, moves, clamps, unclamps and other Aided Machine operation mechanism under hydraulic drive and electromagnetism control are moving; G described in grinding process micro-processor controlled malfunction monitoring and method for supervising comprise: utilize multiple sensors, under control of microcomputer, realize to all faults in the grinding process monitoring in advance, monitor and prevent; The bistrique fault monitoring method of described employing has three kinds: the position method: utilize photoelectric sensor observing and controlling base long data, cooperate monitoring with microcomputer, all during to mill base both ends bistrique raise latched position; The load method: utilize the real-time load current data of grinding head motor observing and controlling to cooperate monitoring with microcomputer, during all chance load abnormals, bistrique is raised latched position; Pressure application: utilize that pressure and microcomputer cooperate monitoring between pressure sensor observing and controlling bistrique and mill base, all when wheel grinding pressure occurring and departing from the constant force value, bistrique is raised latched position, prevents the fault generation from many aspects; H. described arc surface method for grinding: adopted multiple sensors monitorings such as photoelectricity, speed, pressure, electric current, followed the tracks of and detect, shoot with video-corder, scan and show, the microcomputer unified management is distant apart from monitoring, accurately the console vehicle speed is realized steel billet limit, rib, bight arc surface grinding and local reconditioning operation under bistrique decrease speed and grinding constant force or the permanent merit.
The method of aforesaid microcomputer control grinding steel billet, more detailed technology contents also has: the described system software package of a. can be stored in microsystem inner be provided with and the read-only storage of outside expansion in, wherein the parameter setting be stored in power failure can the electrically erasable read-only memory of drop-out in; B. the main program of the main program of described system software package has: parameter is set, the operation of square billet (or circle base or slab) chassis, dress base, the operation of emery wheel bistrique, automatic grinding square billet (or circle base or slab), manual grinding square billet (or circle base or slab), unload base, finish, reset, interruption etc.; C. the main program that described photoelectric monitoring is ground base eldest son program comprises: boom truck starts, photoelectric encoder work and sender, photoelectric sensor work, survey the long top of base counting, survey the long terminal count of base, base long letter breath input MICROCOMPUTER PROCESSING and deposit, measure and finish, reduce and reset; D. described various sensor constructive method has: adopt the electronics thickness measuring method to constitute the grinding thickness transducer; Adopt the electronics method for automatic measurement to constitute the grinding wheel radius sensor; Adopt the electron scanning method to constitute grinding skin defective sensor; Adopt infrared light-opto-electronic conversion to receive and constitute photoelectric sensor; Adopt and measure liquid pressure formation pressure sensor; Adopt and rotate optical code disk-photoelectricity transmission, receive the formation velocity sensor; Adopt current transformer to constitute power sensor; Employing is constituted the sensor of monitoring lubricated-cooling by current relay; E. described grinding skin distant apart from detects, shoot with video-corder, scanning, indication mechanism is remote sensing, remote measurement, remote indicating, the remote control system that is detected, shot with video-corder, scans, shows grinding skin by the electronics tracking of computer management control, it is made up of function corresponding parts, assembly, electronic circuit, electronic instrument; The method of f. described formation constant force griding: the lever mechanism and the effect of bistrique seat, the bistrique axial region link to each other with the oil cylinder piston bar load grinding force and can be in wide codomain scope stepless modulation, after applying the grinding constant force, hydraulic system becomes closed system, bidirectional relief valve control grinding force by the oil cylinder piston both sides, change over to dynamically from static state, offset the external force of non-grinding force and disturb, guaranteed constant to the steel billet loading force; The method of the permanent merit grinding of described formation: grinding force is constant, sensor monitoring grinding wheel speed and radius and grinding wheel drive mitor power, and microcomputer is distant to make the real-time permanent linear speed operation of emery wheel apart from monitoring, realizes permanent merit grinding; G. described chassis speed monitoring mechanism: adopt that velocity sensor--it is the round rotating disk of unthreaded hole more than, be contained in chassis moving runner the axle on, light source becomes the photoelectric figure code signal through opto-electronic conversion again by the rotating disk unthreaded hole, and the speed of service of this code signal table note of the ancient Chinese chassis and distance also are transferred to micro computer monitoring; H. described chassis speed control mechanism: moving by microcomputer control and electromagnetic valve and the control of oil circuit valve, flow, the flow direction and the pressure of the hydraulic pump of the power-hydraulic motor of regulation and control chassis, liquid stream control valve and two-way liquid stream reversal valve, or adopting microcomputer control low speed large torque hydraulic motor system (can without speed change system), the boom truck speed of service can stepless modulation and reciprocal at random arbitrarily start and stop in wide codomain scope; I. described round base chassis folder base driving wheel speed control mechanism is: moved by microcomputer control and electromagnetic valve and the control of oil circuit valve, the hydraulic pump of the hydraulic motor of regulation and control folders base driving wheel, liquid stream control valve, the rotating speed of driving wheel can be in wide codomain scope stepless modulation; J. described hydraulic pressure synchronous drive mechanism has: circle base chassis loading and unloading base framed bent and the driven wheels of folder base, the base framed bent is turned in the loading and unloading of square billet and slab chassis, loading and unloading platform loading and unloading base, push away base, the framed bent of dialling base all adopts an oil circuit to divide for two oil cylinder piston bar synchronous drive mechanisms; The framed bent of square billet chassis folder base and slab chassis card base all adopts an oil circuit one oil cylinder and another oil circuit to supply the synchronous or asynchronous transmission mechanism of two group of two oil circuit, three oil cylinder piston bars of two oil cylinders; K. oil well pump oil circulation system that the lubricated cooling system of holding concurrently that described grinding wheel spindle is undertaken adopts the fluid circulatory system of strengthening, the design fuel circulating pump--bearing is paid and lubricated cold chamber--, and be added with sensor and make malfunction monitoring; L. the multiple monitoring of described emery wheel bistrique fault mechanism: be by microcomputer control and electromagnetic valve and moving multiple monitoring of fault and the monitor control mechanism of oil circuit valve control, adopt the position model malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of photoelectric sensor monitoring mill base termination; Adopt the load type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of grinding head motor current sensor; The pressure type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of adopts pressure sensor monitoring grinding; All can record under its abnormal conditions, raise the emery wheel bistrique, and latched position, prevent and eliminate fault; The arc surface grinding mechanism at m. described steel billet limit, rib, angle: adopt multiple sensors distant apart from monitoring, follow the tracks of demonstration and, accurately realizing the arc surface grinding action and the local reconditioning operation at steel billet limit, rib, angle by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and oil circuit valve control actuation mechanism.
The equipment of the microcomputer control grinding steel billet that microcomputer control grinding steel billet method of the present invention is made, by the microcomputer control section, electronic section, mechanical part assembles by the function binding, technical characterstic is: described microcomputer control section has: the described microcomputer control section of a. is the principal and subordinate that is combined into of many microcomputers or Control System of Microcomputer arranged side by side, and the hardware of Control System of Microcomputer comprises information treatment part branch (comprising the cpu part), information storage part, human-computer dialogue part (comprising keyboard and display part), partial message transmission, the interface section, corresponding each hardware device that the monitoring part is required; The hardware device of Control System of Microcomputer by monitoring with the sensing of monitor message, gather, shoot with video-corder, scan, import, handle, store, transmission, conversion, output, interface, joint control, demonstration, indication, printing, human-computer dialogue each several part and each functional circuit, each memory, each functional part and sensor and their ancillary hardware functions of the equipments connect and form; B. the software of the described Control System of Microcomputer system software package establishing and extend out in being, the software kit of microsystem adopts modular organization, the programming of use assembler language, software program comprises main program and each subprogram, they are stored in the microsystem with the modular macroassembler respectively if in the difference in functionality that extends out and memory different capabilities, form the system software package that solidifies, main program maybe needs to call or interrupt each subprogram with priority by various requests.Described electronic section comprises: electric appliance control box, handle console and supervisory keyboard and instrument and meter, the photoelectric monitor part, the tracking of grinding skin detects, shoots with video-corder, the display part, Electromagnetic Control part and required each functional circuit, each functional part and sensor connect by function, constituted the electronic control system of unified co-ordination under microcomputer control: the described electrical control part of c. comprises electric appliance control box, handles console and supervisory keyboard and instrument and meter; D. described photoelectric monitor partly comprises photoelectric sensor, photoelectric encoder and the input of micro-processor controlled photoelectric monitor, counting, handles, stores and each functional circuit of output and the execution and the actuating mechanism of photoelectric monitor; E. the tracking of described grinding skin detects, shoots with video-corder, scanning and display part comprise that real-time tracking detecting sensor, the electronics of steel billet grinding skin are shot with video-corder automatically, electronics automatic scan, grinding skin defective show required respective functional elements, device, assembly, parts automatically, each function electronic circuit, micro-processor controlled distant apart from transmission yarn, the moving mechanical mechanism of carrying out action that reaches of electromagnetism control; F. described Electromagnetic Control comprises partly that the electronic circuit function of dynamical system, Hydraulic Power Transmission System, the kinematic system of this equipment, the Electromagnetic Control valve of taking out dirt system, cooling system, lubricating system, electronic control system and switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control sensor, Electromagnetic Control connects and assembles.Described mechanical part comprises emery wheel bistrique and mounting thereof part, circle base, square billet and slab chassis part, feeding platform and blanking bench part, takes out the dirt system, the toothed chain track system of chassis operation and their power section, hydraulic drive part, Electromagnetic Control partly constitute; G. described hydraulic drive partly comprises the wheel grinding system, circle base chassis, square billet chassis and slab table system, feeding platform and blanking bench system, the hydraulic machinery of the operational system of boom truck and hydraulicdriven observing and controlling sensor; H. described grinding tool comprises emery wheel bistrique, bistrique seat and frame, gantry pylon, power supply power section, hydraulic drive part, Electronic Control cable and subsidiary mechanical part and grinding observing and controlling sensor thereof; I. described round base chassis part is formed by mechanical part, moving component, power part, drive disk assembly, haulage gear, fuel tank, control cable and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor of bogie frame, wheel, charging, material folding, commentaries on classics material, discharging; J. described square billet chassis part is formed by mechanical part, moving component, power part, drive disk assembly, haulage gear, fuel tank, control cable, the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor of bogie frame, wheel, charging, material folding, stirring, discharging; K. described slab chassis part by bogie frame, wheel, feed, get stuck, mechanical part, moving component, power part, drive disk assembly, haulage gear, control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor of stirring, discharging form; L. the kinematic system of boom truck comprises that power section, running part, variable part, track, haulage gear, control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor form; M. feeding platform and blanking bench part is formed by mechanical part, power section, running part, control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of observing and controlling sensor of material stand, material loading or blanking respectively; N. take out the dirt system by the motor of taking out dirt and blower fan, take out dirt pipeline, spray system, filter dirt mechanism, dust discharge pipeline and the control cable is formed.
This equipment also has power unit in addition, comprises power circuit, transformer, rectification and filter circuit, electric brake, switch, relay, power supply control cable and electromagnetic valve etc. in the Electric Appliance Cabinet.
Aforesaid micro-processor controlled grinding steel billet equipment, its detailed technical characterstic has: the described system software package of a. can be stored in interior if in the read-only storage that extends out, wherein be provided with parameter be stored in power failure can the electrically erasable read-only memory of drop-out in; B. the main program that described photoelectric monitor is ground base length subprogram comprises: boom truck starts, and photoelectric coding work and sender, photoelectric sensor work, the long top of survey base and counting, the long terminal of survey base also counting, microcomputer are deposited and handled, finish, reset base long letter breath; C. the main program that manual point is sent out reconditioning or local reconditioning subprogram comprises: manually grind square billet (or circle base or slab) selection, the operation of manual prosecutor base (or circle base or slab) chassis, chassis jogging or stop, putting (or part or arris arc surface) reconditioning and operate, finish, interrupt, reset; D. described photoelectric sensor is the sending and receiving apparatus of infrared light supply, and they are contained in chassis track both sides mutually respectively with aiming at, and height is contour with the chassis packaging blank; Described pressure sensor is to survey the strong sensor of hydraulic pressure, and its device is in the hydraulic system of the piston oil-cylinder that grinding wheel spindle connects; Described power sensor is the current sensor of grinding head motor, and it is mounted in the current transformer on the motor circuit; Described grinding layer thickness transducer is the electronics thickness measurement sensor, and the grinding wheel radius sensor is the displacement automatic measuring sensor, and they all are contained near the emery wheel on the bistrique mounting; Described velocity sensor is emery wheel and chassis velocity sensor, they are contained in respectively in the rotating shaft of emery wheel and chassis wheel, and it is the photoelectric coding counter, by the photoelectric coded disk double as, provide the photoelectric coding number of unit interval to microcomputer, the speed of service of its table note of the ancient Chinese emery wheel and chassis; The lubricated sensor of described monitoring is a liquid current relay by liquid current control grinding head motor power switch, and it is installed in grinding wheel spindle and undertakes in the circulatory system of lubricating cooling oil road; In addition, the also sensor of double as emery wheel bistrique observing and controlling fault of photoelectric sensor, current sensor, pressure sensor; The rotating speed of the driving wheel of e. described round base clip wheel is by its power source--oil motor control, the oil mass of oil motor is by the control of liquid stream control valve, change fuel delivery and can make the stepless variation in wide codomain scope of clip wheel rotating speed, as rotating speed stepless modulation in the 20rpm-200rpm scope; F. the distance between axles of two row foldings of described round base wheel is moving by the hydraulic system control, driven pulley adopts an oil circuit two table oil cylinder piston rods (oil circuit is divided moving two oil cylinders of Flow Control equally) adjusted in concert transmission regulation and control, moving two row foldings down of hydraulic system control wheel spacing can be in wide codomain scope stepless modulation, as can in the 20mm-800mm scope, changing, but the round steel billet of grinding Φ 40mm-Φ 800mm; G. each the clip wheel runner on the described round base chassis all is equipped with adhesive plaster wheel skin with circle base contact site, adds the friction between great wheel and circle base and seizes effect on both sides by the arms, has increased mutual contact flexility again; H. described square billet two row folding plates lean on two group of two oil circuit, the three table oil cylinder piston rods (wherein one group of one oil circuit divided moving two oil cylinders of Flow Control equally) of hydraulic system to the transmission of movable row folding plate adjusted in concert, the moving two row folding distances between plates down of hydraulic system control can be in wide codomain scope stepless modulation, as can be in the 20mm-800mm scope modulation, but the square billet of grinding 40mm * 40mm to 800mm * 800mm size; I. described slab two row's clamps are arranged the transmission of clamp adjusted in concert by two group of two oil circuit of hydraulic system, three table oil cylinder piston rods to activity, the moving two row's clamp spacings down of hydraulic system control can be in wide codomain 20mm-1400mm scope stepless modulation, but polishing width is to the slab material of 1400mm; J. the power source of the operational system of described boom truck is an oil motor, the oil feed pump of control oil motor and liquid stream control valve can make the speed of service stepless modulation in wide codomain scope of boom truck, as can be in velocity interval: stepless modulation in 0.5-80 rice/minute scope, the oil motor of boom truck also has the two-way reversal valve of oil circuit to flow by two-way fuel feeding, or oil motor uses the oil motor of low speed large torque, boom truck back and forth operation at random arbitrarily in operation, conveniently freely, both program-controlled automatic operation, can manually move again, any conversion of operating mode all can; K. the structure of described constant force griding is: the bistrique seat is by emery wheel, bearing is paid and is lubricated cooling chamber, belt pulley, electric motors function assembles, the bistrique seat is established axle by its mass axis and is lifted on the bistrique mounting, form equivalent lever shape bistrique, so load on grinding pressure on the grinding wheel spindle to steel billet by the oil cylinder piston bar of installing on the frame, only relevant with hydraulic coupling, loading force can be chosen wantonly in 500-25000 newton's wide codomain scope and stepless modulation, be fit to side or circle or slab whole peeling, local reconditioning, the broad range instructions for use of arris arc surface reconditioning and needs, again because of the leverage of bistrique seat, the gravity of grinding constant force and bistrique and emery wheel etc. and other power are irrelevant, also be subjected to the bidirectional relief valve at random real-time balance strong to hydraulic pressure because of the oil cylinder piston that loads constant force, no matter the fluctuating situation that power do not occur is arranged on steel billet, emery wheel is steady state value to the grinding pressure of steel billet, and it can make the thickness homogeneous quality height that strips off the skin of steel billet grinding; The structure of l. described permanent merit grinding: unite by constant force griding mechanism and emery wheel constant linear velocity travelling mechanism and to constitute, its medium plain emery wheel constant linear velocity travelling mechanism is made of with distant the connection apart from functions such as transmission yarns with radius sensor and control microcomputer motor and power sensor, emery wheel and velocity sensor thereof, can control stepless modulation and the operation in the wide codomain scope of 60-120m/s of emery wheel constant linear velocity; M. described arris arc surface reconditioning mechanism: the monitoring system of utilizing multiple sensors such as photoelectricity, electronics, pressure, speed, displacement, liquid stream, distant by microcomputer apart from control system and electronics, photoelectron, electromagnetism, hydraulic part, distant distance is accurately controlled oil stream size, direction and the pressure of the moving parameter of control of chassis, bistrique, kinematic system, reach the accurate control blank speed of service, bistrique decrease speed, grinding pressure size, formed computer operation software and instruction thereof, finish arc surface reconditioning local, arris; N. the liquid current relay of described lubricating and cooling system is a relay assembly by the liquid current control, (just often) relay is the normal open attitude when liquid flows, when unusual () relay is the normal off attitude when aneroid flows, this group relay switch is controlled grinding head motor, reaches the purpose of safety in production.
The advantage of microcomputer of the present invention control grinding steel billet method and apparatus is: one. with the microcomputer control of taking the lead, current collection, photoelectron, sensor, distant apart from observing and controlling, electromagnetism, the multiple new and high technology of hydraulic pressure in integrally formed high-tech grinding steel billet method, function is more complete, advanced technology; Two. control by many microcomputers by the microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment that this method designs and makes, be furnished with abundant software, perfect in shape and function, flexible operation is controlled freely, and the automaticity height is at present in the world than advanced modernized steel billet equipment for grinding; Three. accurate, the safety of the distant grinding action of photoelectric tracking observing and controlling demonstration and microcomputer apart from control; Four. under microcomputer control, the electromagnetism control of equipment is moving, Hydraulic Power Transmission System is easy to operate, flexible movements, accurately quick, safe and reliable; Five. this equipment grinding steel billet carries out under constant force, the steel billet bed thickness Even Grinding quality height that strips off the skin; Six. the bistrique bearing is paid and is adopted the double cooling of oil lubrication, and bearing life has prolonged more than 10 times; Seven. at microcomputer and multiple distant under the cooperation of observing and controlling tracking Display Technique, but accurately the limit of operation grinding steel billet, rib, angle become arc surface; Eight. adopt the hydraulic drive speed governing can make runner stepless variation in wide codomain scope of boom truck and circle base chassis, adopt hydraulic machinery, but the steel billet or the steel ingot of this equipment grinding different size different cross-sectional are as side or circle or steel billet plate or prismatic; Nine. this equipment has adopted multiple sensors that bistrique and cooling system etc. is made malfunction monitoring, makes equipment safe and reliable to operation.In a word, the equipment of microcomputer control grinding steel billet and its design philosophy and method are comparatively advanced in the world at present.
Figure of description of the present invention is totally 12 width of cloth, and each parts sequence number has been used unified numbering among the figure, and description of drawings is as follows.The structure and the function controlling party block diagram of Fig. 1, microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment; Fig. 2, two master slave control system diagrams that microcomputer is formed; Fig. 3, heavy-current control cabinet circuit theory diagrams; Fig. 4, operating console are provided with figure; Fig. 5, automatic grinding square billet operation sequence block diagram; Fig. 6, automatic grinding circle base operation sequence block diagram; Fig. 7, grinding head motor current sensor supervisory circuit schematic diagram; Fig. 8, grinding wheel head structure schematic diagram; Fig. 9, emery wheel bistrique constant force griding schematic diagram; Figure 10, circle base clip wheel structural representation; Figure 11, variable capacity oil pump and variable-displacement oil motor schematic diagram; Figure 12, grinding cambered surface schematic diagram;
In Fig. 1,1,2. Control System of Microcomputer; 3. boom truck; 4. transmission system; 5. executing agency; 6. photoelectric encoder; 7. photoelectric sensor; 8. electric current passes sensor and secondary meter; 9. pressure sensor and secondary meter; 10. signal input part is selected in automatic control; 11. manual selection signal input end; Among Fig. 2,1. microcomputer main frame; 2. microcomputer slave; 6. photoelectric encoder; 7a. photoelectric sensor transmitting terminal; 7b. photoelectric sensor receiving terminal; 12.220v power supply; 13.24v dc power supply terminal; 14. current sensor; 15. grinding head motor; 16. the three phase mains of motor 15; 17. Displaying Meter; 18. boom truck speed-regulating control circuit; 19. DIP device; 20,21,22,23,24. respectively for load, as the electromagnetic valve of control etc.; 25. the mutual transmission line of principal and subordinate's microcomputer; 26. the input of microcomputer 1,2 row; 27. the output of microcomputer 1,2 row; 28,29,30,31,32,33. is gauge tap; 34,35,36 is Displaying Meter and the line end that is connected of microcomputer 2; Among Fig. 3,12a and 12b.220v power supply; 37. three phase mains master switch; 38. the switch of motor 15; 39. star or Y connection converter; 42. emery wheel loading force oil circuit motor; 40 is its motor switch; 41,44,47,52,56,59. is respectively the electrothermal relay of each motor; 45. the operational system oil circuit motor of boom truck; 43 is its motor switch; 49. square billet chassis oil circuit motor; 50. circle base chassis oil circuit motor; 48. one of square billet (or circle base) chassis control cable-to-cable connector assembly; 46. the switch of motor 49 and 50; The oil feed pump of 53 and 54. lubricating bearings and oil well pump motor, 51 is their switch; 57. loading and unloading table oil road motor, 55 is its switch; 60. take out the dirt blower motor, 58 is the switch of motor 60; 61. total start stop switch; 62. transformer; 63.24 volt power rectifier circuit; 64. computer power switch; 65. equipment operating switch; 66. power supply indicator; 68. electric bell; 67. bell switch; 69-74. the start stop switch assembly of lubricant passage way motor 53,54; 75. always operate and run switch; 76-80,39. grinding wheel drive mitors, 15 start stop switch assemblies; 81-85. the start stop switch assembly of the motor 45 of the oil motor of chassis operation; 81-83,86,87. chassis transmission switch modules; The switch module that 81-83,88,89. emery wheel mountings move; 90-94. loading and unloading platform console switch assembly; 95-99. take out the switch module of dirt system works, wherein 51 and 71 and 73,72 and 77,39 and 80,43 and 81 and 84,46 and 86,40 and 88,55 and 90 and 93,58 and 95 and 98, they respectively are a group relay assembly; Among Fig. 4, the 28.RUN switch; 100. survey mill base long hair news key automatically, 101-103. mill circumference base change-over switch; 104-106. automatic or manual mode of operation change-over switch; 107. grind the cycle-index setting key automatically; 108. survey base long hair news key after grinding the square billet stirring automatically; 109. circle base chassis speed adjusting key; 110. square billet chassis speed adjusting key; 111. move adjusting key fast; 112. boom truck speed of service Displaying Meter; 113. grinding wheel drive mitor current sensor observing and controlling secondary meter and load value are provided with key; 114 and 115. circle base retainer arms rise and fall operating key; 116 and 117. circle bases rotate operating key; 118-120. circle base holding angle adjusted in concert key; 121,122. square billet stirring keys; 123,124. square billet discharging operating keys; 125. square billet charging operating key; 126 and 127. middle part clamping plate operating keys; 128 and 129. both sides clamping plate operating keys; 130-132. the feeding platform pusher with return operating key; 133-135. feeding platform is feeded and is returned operating key; 136-138. the blanking bench discharging with return operating key; 139. blanking bench material toggling operating key; 140-143. the boom truck left lateral with stop and right lateral hand control key; 144 and 145. emery wheel bistriques move forward and backward key; 146 and 147. bistriques are the crawl operating key forwards, backwards; 148. bistrique lifting key; 149-151. bistrique is downward and the self-locking operating key; Among Fig. 5,6,152. manual senders; 153. it is long to survey base, has surveyed automatic sender; 154. it is long that boom truck right lateral, right-hand member play stroke L; 155. constant force griding 1 time, it is long that stroke is gone through base; 156. emery wheel self-locking (1 second at interval); 157. boom truck runs slowly (1.5 seconds at interval, adjustable); 158. boom truck braking (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 159. emery wheel rises, and lasts 0.5 adjustable (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 160. the emery wheel mounting laterally feeds 20mm, adjustable (2 seconds at interval, adjustable; Mill square billet program, the circle base is slightly used); 161. the boom truck left lateral, countdown; 162. constant force griding 2 times, it is long that left end plays the stroke base; 163. emery wheel self-locking (1 second at interval, adjustable); 164. boom truck runs slowly (1.5 seconds at interval); 165. boom truck braking (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 166. emery wheel rises, and lasts 0.5 second, adjustable (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 167. the emery wheel mounting laterally feed 20mm (2 seconds at interval, adjustable, this program of mill square billet, justify base need not); 168. the boom truck right lateral, countdown; 169. constant force griding 3 times, the stroke base is long; 170. emery wheel self-locking (1 second at interval, adjustable); 171. boom truck runs slowly (1.5 seconds at interval, adjustable); 172. boom truck braking (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 173. emery wheel rises, and lasts 0.5 second, and is adjustable; 174. grinding frequency n value is set (adjustable), and mill square billet (not turning over base) or rounding base program are changed over to 161 cyclic programs automatically by 174; 175. suppose that grinding belt turns over square billet n=4 time; 176. mill square billet boom truck left lateral, stroke is to left end; 177. boom truck runs slowly (2 seconds at interval); 178. boom truck braking (2 seconds at interval); 179. turn over base, lift and put down; Artificial sender.Cycling changes 154 programs over to, the boom truck right lateral; After major cycle n time, grinding program finishes; 180. being shifted to the right to blanking bench, boom truck stops; 181. finish.Among Fig. 7,182. mutual inductance current signals; 183. LPF; 184. amplify; 185. do linearity correction; 186. gate controlled switch; 187. Displaying Meter; 188. comparator; 189. unloaded setting value; 190. switching tube, switching signal is defeated by microcomputer 2 from 35; 191. another road gate controlled switch; 192. comparator; 193. overload current setting value; 194. switching tube, switching signal is defeated by microcomputer 2 from 36; Among Fig. 8,195. emery wheels; 196. the lubricated cooling chamber of holding concurrently that grinding wheel spindle is undertaken; 197. driving pulley; 198. main drive belt wheel; 15. emery wheel drive motors; 199,209. oil stream valves; 200,206,208. all is oil filters; 201,210. Pressure gauges; 202. take out the dirt pump; 207. fuel circulating pump; 203. oil stream cooler; 204. the liquid current relay, the lubrication trouble sensor of holding concurrently; 205. fuel tank; Among Fig. 9, the 196a. grinding wheel spindle is undertaken the middle part and is connected with piston rod 211; 212. load the oil cylinder of grinding force; 211. piston rod, grinding constant force F loads on 195 emery wheels by the piston rod 211 of oil cylinder 212; 213. bistrique seat equivalent lever signal; 214, bistrique seat equivalent lever axis (front and back become lever, are lifted on the frame by axle 214 bistrique seats); A figure is a front view among Figure 10, and b figure is a side view; 215. by the rounding base; 216,217. for seizing round base on both sides by the arms and dragging two row's runners of its rotation, and two row's runners open different angle α to the mill base of different thicknesses movably, are regulated and control by the hydraulic pressure Synchronous Transmission; 218. adhesive plaster wheel skin all is housed on the runner, has increased the frictional force between wheel and base.Among Figure 11,219. variable capacity oil pumps; 220,221. electromagnetic valve groups; 222. two-way commutation flow spill valve; 223. variable is the oil motor of break-in again; Among Figure 12,224. mill base speed of service V1; 225. emery wheel decrease speed V2, E are the grinding constant force, A, B, C, D are respectively the cambered surface diverse location of mill base 215.
Non-limiting examples of the present invention is as follows, in these non-limiting examples, will list file names with the method for grinding steel billet and the grinding steel billet equipment made from this method in every example.
Example one .1. should example the major part of microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment be shown among Fig. 1-Figure 12.The block diagram of equipment is shown among Fig. 1, wherein microsystem is made up of two master-slave mode Control Systems of Microcomputer, and their composition situation is shown among Fig. 2 with linking of full equipment, microcomputer 1 and 2 can be that 4,8,16,32, the merchant of 64 bit architectures sell type.As long as compatible can the use.24 volts of power supplys (13 among Fig. 2) of doing them of direct current, also available (as 12V) more high or low than 24V makes power supply certainly.The software kit that the software of this Control System of Microcomputer is established and extended out in being, adopt modular organization, the programming of use assembler language, software program is according to the Whole Process Design of grinding steel billet, software comprises main program and each subprogram, they are stored in the microcomputer if in the memory of difference in functionality that extends out and different capabilities, form the system software package that solidifies with the macroassembler subroutine of modular., parameter is set is stored in the electrically erasable read-only memory that power failure can not lose if in the read-only storage that extends out as being stored in interior.Main program with priority by various requests with need call and interrupt each subprogram.Systems soft ware is abundant especially, the main program of its main program comprises: parameter is set, square billet (or circle base, slab etc.) chassis operation, dress base, the operation of emery wheel bistrique, square billet (or circle base, slab etc.) grinding automatically, manually square billet (or circle base, slab etc.) grinding, unload base, finish, reset, interruption etc.For example the photoelectric monitor subprogram main program that ground base length comprises: boom truck starts, photoelectric encoder work and sender, photoelectric sensor work, survey long top of base and counting, survey the long terminal of base and counting, microcomputer ceases the base long letter and deposits and handle, surveys base and finish, reset.For another example, manually the main program of reconditioning subprogram has: grind manually that square billet (or circle base, slab etc.) is selected, square billet (or circle base, slab etc.) the manual operation of chassis, chassis jogging or stop, local (or arris arc surface) reconditioning operates, finishes, interrupts, resets.Figure of description 5, Fig. 6 illustrate the operation sequence of automatic grinding square billet and circle base respectively with the block diagram form, among two figure about with the operator in the face of operating machines right-hand man's direction rightabout.152. artificial sender; 153. it is long to survey base, has surveyed the long automatic sender of base; 154. chassis right lateral (from base right-hand member, course L); 155. constant force griding 1 time (from the base right-hand member, course L+ base is long); 156. emery wheel self-locking (1 second at interval); 157. chassis runs slowly (1.5 seconds at interval, adjustable); 158. chassis braking (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 159. emery wheel rises, and lasts 0.5 second, adjustable (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 160. grinding carriage laterally feed 20mm (2 seconds at interval, adjustable, this program circle base grinding need not); 161. chassis left lateral (subtracting counting); 162. 2 (long) 163. emery wheel self-lockings of constant force griding (1 second at interval, adjustable) from base left end course base; 164. chassis runs slowly (1.5 seconds at interval, adjustable); 165. chassis braking (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 166. emery wheel rises, and lasts 0.5 second, and is adjustable; (2 seconds at interval, adjustable); 167. grinding carriage laterally feeds 20mm (2 seconds at interval, adjustable, the circle base is without this program); 168. chassis right lateral (subtracting counting); 169. constant force griding 3 times (it is long that the base right-hand member plays the course base); 170. emery wheel self-locking (1 second at interval, adjustable); 171. chassis slows down (1.5 seconds at interval, adjustable); 172. chassis braking (2 seconds at interval, can moisten); 173. emery wheel rises (lasting 0.5 second, adjustable); 174. circulation mill frequency n is set also adjustable automatically; 175. as establish the n=4 band and turn over base; 176. chassis left lateral (left end arrival starting point); 177. chassis runs slowly (2 seconds at interval); 178. chassis braking (artificial sender); 179. turn over base, the flat act (artificial sender) returned to 152 programs, enters 4 grindings of automatic circulation until intact; 180. chassis moves to blanking bench; 181. grinding action finishes.The hardware of Control System of Microcomputer has: information processing part, information storage part, human-computer dialogue part, partial message transmission, interface section, joint control part, monitoring part, wherein sensing and the collection of information comprise: photoelectric encoder 6, photoelectric sensor 7, current sensor 14, pressure sensor and their observation circuit, components and parts, parts etc. in addition.26 input circuits and that microcomputer 1,2 is shown are arranged input terminal among Fig. 2, and 27 output circuits and row's outlet terminals that microcomputer 1,2 is shown are connecting full equipment and are being subjected to micro-processor controlled information input and export.The information processing part is clock circuit, logic circuit, computing circuit (comprising CPU), data processing circuit etc. sometimes.Storage area has the various functions of establishing in the microsystem and extending out, memory ROM, the RAM etc. of different capabilities, the memory circuit that also has their formations, read-only storage comprising the storage system software bag, they form the system software package that solidifies, particularly have a power failure not can drop-out electrically erasable read-only memory, the parameter of setting will be stored in wherein.Partial message transmission has transfer bus between transmission circuit and microcomputer (as among Fig. 2 25), the transmission yarn of controlled each several part.Conversion portion has change-over circuit, in full/change-over circuit of analog conversion circuit, mould/number conversion circuit, photoelectric coding etc.The interface section comprises the connector assembly of microcomputer interface circuit, monitoring and monitor portion etc.Show with indicating section and comprise the demonstration of various sensors such as display circuit, indicating circuit, warning circuit, photoelectricity, electronics, pressure, speed, liquid stream, each supervisory circuit and indicating meter, screen, PRN device, as be shown in current sensor and secondary meter 8, pressure sensor and secondary meter 9 among Fig. 1, be shown in many demonstration indicating meters 112 of the chassis among Fig. 4, the monitoring display instrument 113 of grinding wheel drive mitor.Joint control comprises that partly equipment is subjected to the electronic circuit of two mutual joint control interlocks of microcomputer, the photoelectric coding circuit, drive circuit, exclusive circuit, many control circuits, reset circuit, interrupt circuit etc., supervisory keyboard comprises the keyboard of handling console, instrument and power supply, power, transmission, the gauge tap of electromagnetism etc., valve and button, comprise each motor that is shown among Fig. 3, the switch of oil motor or electric brake 37,38,40,43,46,51,55,58, the control lubricating bearings, the emery wheel mounting, chassis machinery, the chassis operation, the loading and unloading platform, take out the switch module 39 of dirt system, 69-74,76-99 etc. also have at the keyboard of handling on the console (as shown in Figure 4): RUN switch 28 is arranged, automatically grind sender key 100, turn over sender key 108 behind the base, mill circumference base options button 101-103, automatic or manual mode of operation options button 104-106, circulation mill number of times setting key 107, total start stop switch 61, chassis speed adjusting key 109-111, chassis speed of service equivalent instrument 112, grinding wheel drive mitor load set instrument 113, circle base retainer operating key 114 and 115, circle base rotation key 116 and 117, folder base angular adjustment key 118-120, square billet turns over base key 121 and 122, square billet discharging key 123 and 124, the flat key 125 of lifting, clamp key 126 and 127,128 and 129, feeding platform charging key 130-132, pusher key 133-135, blanking bench discharging key 136-138, material toggling key 139, the manual key 140-143 of chassis, emery wheel moves forward and backward key 144 and 145, front and back crawl key 146 and 147, oscilaltion key 148-151 etc.Each hardware components of above-mentioned microcomputer also comprises their each functional circuit, memory, functional part, sensor etc., and other ancillary hardware equipment of Control System of Microcomputer.
The electronic section of this grinding steel billet equipment comprises: the electric control cabinet of strong power part, the supervisory keyboard and the instrument and meter of manipulation console; The photoelectric monitor part, the tracking of grinding skin detects, shoots with video-corder, scanning and display part, the Electromagnetic Control part, and each required functional circuit, each functional part and sensor etc. assemble the electronic control system that has constituted unified co-ordination under microcomputer control by function.Strong power part comprises electric control cabinet and its power unit, and power circuit, power line, electric brake, transformer, rectification circuit, filter circuit, electrical instrumentation, switch, relay, electromagnetic valve and transmission yarn etc. are arranged.As the switch among Fig. 3 37, relay assembly 38 and 39 and 80,51 and 71 and 73,43 and 81 and 84,46 and 86,40 and 88,55 and 90 and 93,58 and 95 and 98 etc., electrothermal relays 41,44,47,52,56,59 etc., major parts such as transformer 62, rectification circuit 63, electromagnetic valve are contained in the electric control cabinet.Stated before supervisory keyboard and demonstration and indicating meter, the screen etc. and do not repeated.Electromagnet portion comprises dynamical system, hydraulic system, the kinematic system of this equipment, the Electromagnetic Control valve of taking out dirt system, cooling system, lubricating system, electronic control system and switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control sensor, Electromagnetic Control circuit etc., all works under microcomputer control.The wherein electromagnetic valve of the start and stop of the motor of dynamic system and motor and work and switch, the Electromagnetic Control of the oil pump of hydraulic system, oil motor, oil cylinder, oil circuit and throttle, the electromagnetic valve of the operation of each mechanical part, conversion and braking and switch, and light, electricity, the Electromagnetic Control of magnetic each several part functional part operation and the parts of action.As be shown in relay assembly 39,73,84,86,88,93,98 control among Fig. 3 electromagnetic valve moving and that be shown in load 28-33 among Fig. 2 etc., be shown in the electromagnetic valve 220 and 221 etc. of the two-way oil stream of the control valve 222 among Figure 11.The photoelectric monitor monitor portion comprises photoelectric encoder 6 (among Fig. 2), photoelectric monitor input under photoelectric sensor 7 and the microcomputer control, calculate, handle, storage, each functional circuit of output and the executing agency of photoelectric monitor, the structure of photoelectric encoder is: porous circle rotating disk (Fig. 2 19) is installed on the chassis runner, produce light coding signal penetrate the code-disc of rotation when illumination after, be converted to the photoelectric coding signal by photoelectric tube etc. (Fig. 2 6), this signal table note of the ancient Chinese chassis range ability and speed, this photoelectric encoder constitutes velocity sensor, and chassis speed of service information input Control System of Microcomputer is deposited, handle and do real-time policer operation and the malfunction monitoring and the monitoring of grinding.Photoelectric sensor 7 (among Fig. 1) is infrared light supply sending and receiving apparatus (7a of Fig. 2,7b), and they are installed in chassis track both sides mutually respectively with aiming at, and height is contour with the blank on the chassis.Base long letter breath is recorded by sensor 7 and the information that is equivalent to the long equivalent of base is carried out information processing, calculates, deposited by input 26 input microcomputer, and as the foundation of steel billet grinding action, the execution of instruction actuating mechanism.1,2,3,4,5,6,7 of Fig. 1 shows the function and control relation of photoelectric monitor mechanism.Pressure sensor 9 is to survey the strong sensor of hydraulic pressure, as making with hydraulic ga(u)ge, it is installed in the hydraulic system of emery wheel bistrique loading grinding force, locate as in the hydraulic jack or the both sides of piston, the pressure values of monitoring is passed to microcomputer the grinding force of grinding process and the fault of emery wheel bistrique are made monitoring, 1,2,5,9 functions that show pressure sensor concern with control among Fig. 1.Power sensor is a grinding head motor current sensor 14, and it is made of the current transformer that is installed in motor circuit.Fig. 7 shows current sensor monitoring mechanism, the wherein current sensor 14 working current value collection that motor is real-time, input to signal circuit 182, through low-pass filter circuit 183, amplifying circuit 184, correcting circuit 185, unloaded gate 186, show by display circuit 187, airborne signals value and 189 unloaded setting current value ratios are, through control signal of comparator 188 outputs, make switching tube 190 conductings, by microcomputer 2 command execution units, raise bistrique and locking, even bistrique lifting hydraulic system rises bistrique and is locked in the high position.The signal that overloads in this way through overload gate 191, through comparator 192 relatively overload signal value and overload setting value 193, is exported a control signal, makes switching tube 194 conductings, by microcomputer 2 command execution units, raises bistrique and locks it.This current sensor 14 is monitoring motor and emery wheel working condition not only, also the fault of emery wheel bistrique (as with mill base bump etc.) is monitored and is monitored.Velocity sensor is the sensor about the chassis speed of service; it is rotated by the aforesaid optical code disk that is installed in the chassis wheel shaft; the light emission; photoelectricity reception etc. is partly formed photoelectric encoder and is produced the photoelectric coding signal; table note of the ancient Chinese chassis speed of service or distance; another sensor is the fluid sensor of lubricating system; it is installed in emery wheel bistrique bearing and pays in oil lubrication and the cooling recirculation system; it is a liquid current relay assembly; the start stop switch of the switch control grinding head motor of this relay; when liquid flows; the work of grinding head motor normal open electricity; when aneroid flows; outage is shut down to grinding head motor immediately, and this sensor is the sensor that grinding wheel spindle is undertaken the lubricating system monitor for faults.It is to be noted the sensor of photoelectric sensor, pressure sensor, the monitoring of current sensor double as emery wheel bistrique malfunction monitoring, formed the multiple monitoring mechanism of bistrique fault, guarantee the production safety of bistrique and steel billet and even full equipment.Wherein the position model malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism about emery wheel is: be defeated by Control System of Microcomputer by the mill base length signals of the accurate monitoring of photoelectric sensor and deposit do digital processing, form the grinding control instruction, control steel billet grinding in real time, when emery wheel arrives mill base two ends position, automatic elevated position of emery wheel and locking.Pressure type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism is: by the real-time monitoring emery wheel of pressure sensor steel billet is carried out grinding with given grinding constant pressure, when all appearance depart from given grinding constant force value to the steel billet grinding force, pressure sensor is in time passed to microsystem with information, control emery wheel bistrique elevated position and locking.Load type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism is: power sensor or current sensor by grinding head motor in time are transferred to microsystem to the collection of mutual inductance current value, when motor load occurs unloaded or overload abnormal conditions, microcomputer control executing agency raises bistrique and locking, narrates and is shown among Fig. 7 before this mechanism.
The mechanical part of this equipment comprises: emery wheel bistrique and mounting thereof, the circle base and square billet chassis, loading and unloading platform, take out dirt system, chassis operational system and their power, hydraulic drive and Electromagnetic Control part.Its medium plain emery wheel bistrique is shown among Fig. 8, the lubricated and sensors such as cooling segment, the pressure of taking out dirt pipeline, monitoring, electric current that emery wheel bistrique 195, bistrique seat and frame, gantry pylon, power supply power, hydraulic drive, Electronic Control and cable and subsidiary grinding wheel spindle thereof are undertaken.Wherein, the runner of emery wheel 195, grinding wheel bearing and lubricating cavity 196, motor 15 and driving is belt pulley 197 and 198 in this way, they all are contained on the bistrique seat, the bistrique seat cross its mass axis 214 (see figure 9)s establish the axle be lifted on the bistrique mounting, this mounting is by micro-processor controlled circuit valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle, the control hydraulic system has constituted the oscilaltion mechanism of bistrique along discrete column slippage up and down in the mounting both sides.The bistrique mounting is lifted on the sliding beam of two levels of parallel minute frame left-right and front-back trend of column top of the trellis, the bistrique mounting makes mounting move forward and backward along the sliding beam of level by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or Throttle Opening Control hydraulic system, has constituted the mechanism that moves forward and backward of bistrique.Bistrique up and down and move forward and backward mechanism and can also make the bistrique crawl.The piston rod that oil cylinder and bidirectional relief valve are lived and controlled is installed on the bistrique mounting, the piston rod bistrique axial region of ining succession, by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle, the control liquid presses piston pole load grinding force to grinding head grinding wheel and in this hydraulic system (as the oil cylinder inner wall place) pressure sensor be set carry out observing and controlling.Utilizing the leverage of bistrique single shaft lifting and the bidirectional flooding control power that grinding applies to steel billet alive of oil cylinder piston will be the power of a steady state value.Fig. 9 illustrates the leverage of bistrique and the principle of grinding constant force, wherein: constant force F, oil cylinder 212, piston rod 211, equivalent lever 213, the bistrique seat hoisting axis 214 of grinding head motor 15, emery wheel 195, grinding wheel spindle middle part 196a, driving pulley 197, loading.Above-mentioned bistrique constant force griding mechanism adopts oil cylinder piston pole pair emery wheel to load grinding force, can change in wide codomain scope, as stepless modulation in the 500-25000 Newton range and optional the use.Fig. 8 shows grinding wheel spindle and undertakes lubricated and cooling system schematic diagram.The bearing of emery wheel 195 is paid lubricated and cooling cavity 196, and the butter that former usefulness is solid-state etc. are lubricated, and damage of bearings is fast.Now adopted the liquid oil lubrication cooling system of holding concurrently, by fuel tank 205, fuel circulating pump 207, send oil pipe, fluid sensor 204, bearing to pay lubricated cavity 196, flowline, oil well pump 202, oil cooler 203, return 205 one-tenth circulatory systems of fuel tank, 199 and 209 for oil stream valve, 200,206 and 208 is that oil filter, 201 and 210 is Pressure gauges, and this hydraulic system is moved by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control.Fluid sensor 204 in the oil circuit can be installed in the flowline; it is this hydraulic circulating system of observing and controlling not only; dispose the fault effect in addition; this sensor is a liquid current relay switch module, the start and stop of control grinding head motor, and its relay is the motor normal open when liquid stream is arranged; when aneroid flows or break liquid stream; the motor outage is shut down, fix a breakdown, guaranteed safety in production.Described round base chassis is by circle base bogie frame, wheel, charging, material folding, change material, the mechanical part of discharging, power part, drive disk assembly, moving component, haulage gear, the control cable, compositions such as fuel tank and operation observing and controlling sensor, this example has two ones in the identical round base chassis of structure, wherein do standby for one one, material folding and the material rotaring machine structure of circle base chassis: be arranged in parallel along cephlad-caudal at circle base chassis and two to arrange runners, every row's runner such as has to install in a row at interval at 6 or 8 or 10 of circle and coaxial line ground, two line up correspondence and number are equated, being fixedly mounted on the row of one on the bogie frame face is the driving wheel that power-oil motor drives, it will drive the circle base and rotate, the speed of runner is controlled by oil motor, regulate its director valve, make runner modulation in wide codomain scope 20rpm-200rpm.Another row is a driven pulley, their wheel seat can be installed on the chassis face movably along track or groove, the wheel seat of driven pulley is divided stream equally with an oil circuit respectively and is supplied the piston rod of two oil cylinders to link to each other, driven pulley is divided stream equally for two table oil cylinder piston rod Synchronous Transmission by an oil circuit, runner rotating speed and two row's runner spacings are by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or Throttle Opening Control and moving by the hydraulic pressure control, two arrange runner spacings stepless modulation in wide codomain scope 20mm-800mm scope, can seize and rotate the round base of Φ 40mm-Φ 800mm diameter on both sides by the arms.In order to increase the frictional force between runner and circle base, two row's runners all are equipped with adhesive plaster wheel skin with circle base contact site.The fuel manipulator crane structure of circle base chassis is: the movable framed bent that row's loading and unloading base is arranged in the circle base chassis driven pulley outside, 5 or the 7 or 9 piece iron roof beams structure one end coaxial line ground interval installation identical by size constitutes, the axle of iron roof beam structure links to each other with two oil cylinder piston bars that are installed on the chassis of an oil circuit respectively, by the hydraulic system Synchronous Transmission, and moving by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, can adorn base and unload base when becoming different angles when framed bent sways with the chassis face.The square billet chassis has identical two, and one of them does standby.The square billet chassis is assembled by mechanical part, power part, drive disk assembly, moving component, haulage gear, control cable, fuel tank and the operation observing and controlling sensor etc. of square billet bogie frame, wheel, charging, material folding, stirring, discharging.The feeding clip mechanism of square billet chassis is: at the square billet bogie frame face upper edge cephlad-caudal two row folding plates that be arranged in parallel, every row has clamping plate 6 that the collinear ground of the identical and plate face bottom line of size installs at interval or 8 or 10, two row's paired correspondences of plate and number equate, one row's fixed installation, vertical these plate faces with the bogie frame face of its plate face all are in the same plane that chassis moves towards end to end, another row is movable clamping plate, its plate face also is in the same plane, and three table oil cylinder piston rods of two group of two oil circuit installing on backboard face and this chassis link to each other.Two clamping plate interplanar distances are from regulating by these liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission, and it is moving and clamp blank by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, the moving two row folding distances between plates of hydraulic pressure control can be in wide codomain scope 20mm-800mm stepless modulation, can clamp the square billet of 40mm * 40mm to 800mm * 800mm size.The dress of square billet chassis, turn over, shedding mechanism is: in the movable row of the square billet chassis plate outside one loading, unloading arranged, turn over the framed bent of base, by identical 5 or 7 or 9 iron roof beams structure, the one end coaxial line ground of size at interval installation constitute framed bent.The axle of iron roof beam structure links to each other with two oil cylinder piston bars that are installed on this chassis of an oil circuit respectively, by liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, the framed bent face turns to the chassis face to become different angles can adorn base, unload base and turn over base around its axle.The operational system of square billet or circle base chassis comprises: power section, running part, variable part, track, haulage gear, control cable, fuel tank and observing and controlling sensor, its power section has oil motor and oil feed pump, oil stream control valve, the oil two-way reversal valve of stream and controls their electromagnetic valve and oil circuit valve etc., the variable part is the change gear box that oil motor drives, running part has travelling gear and driving cog chain, toothed chain bar termination has the traction hook, respectively with the running under power of chassis hook.Its observing and controlling sensor is the chassis velocity sensor, is installed on the chassis wheel shaft, and distance or speed that the photoelectric coding signal table note of the ancient Chinese chassis that produces with photoelectric encoder moves are transferred to microcomputer and control.205 is fuel tank as shown in figure 11, because the oil motor 223 that chassis drives is subjected to variable capacity oil pump 219, oil stream control valve 199,209 and 222 regulation and control of two-way oil stream reversal valve, two-way oil stream reversal valve 222 is subjected to micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve 220,221 to control the traffic direction of chassis respectively, speed can be in wide codomain scope, as 0.5 meter-80 meters/minute on a large scale in modulation, commutation back and forth moves and opens and ends, nimbly and freely, change working can arbitrarily be carried out.Each one of loading and unloading platform is arranged, and they are made of mechanical part, power section, running part, control cable, fuel tank and the observing and controlling sensor of material stand, loading and unloading platform respectively.The dress base of loading and unloading platform or unload base mechanism and be: near track one side the one row dress base parallel with track arranged and unload the framed bent of base at the loading and unloading platform, 6 or 8 or 10 iron roof beams structure by the identical rectangular shape of size are dressed up straight dihedral angle shape framed bent with straight ends coaxial line ground interval group, the rotating shaft of the straight dihedral angle end of iron roof beam structure links to each other with two oil cylinder piston bars that are installed on the material stand of an oil circuit respectively, rotate synchronously by liquid presses piston pole, when the side of right angle frame shortcut rail and chassis face flush, can adorn base (feeding platform) or unload base (blanking bench), when right angle frame can send base (feeding platform) or connect base (blanking bench) when the side of rail flushes with the material table top a long way.The blank pushing machine structure of feeding platform and the material toggling mechanism of blanking bench: load and unload base framed bent rail one side a long way at the loading and unloading platform, the one row movable framed bent parallel with track respectively is set, by identical 5 or 7 or 9 iron roof beam structure one ends of size coaxially interval group dress up framed bent, the iron roof beam structure back side links to each other with two oil cylinder piston bars that are installed on the material stand of an oil circuit respectively with the position, rotate by the liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission, and it is moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, when framed bent towards on lever up, with material table top at angle the time, pusher is in track one side (feeding platform), or material toggling is away from track one side (blanking bench).The arc surface reconditioning mechanism of the arris of steel billet: utilize photoelectricity, pressure, electric current, speed, displacement, sensors such as liquid stream, under microcomputer control, form distant apart from TT﹠C system, the accurate tracking and measuring chassis speed of service, the bistrique decrease speed, bistrique is to the pressure of steel billet, accurately carry out the arc surface reconditioning, promptly under the multiple sensors monitoring, distant at microcomputer apart from control and electronics, photoelectricity, electromagnetism, each several parts such as hydraulic pressure cooperate down, the control chassis, bistrique, the oil stream size of the hydraulic mechanism duty parameter of systems such as motion, direction and pressure, accurately control the chassis speed of service, the bistrique decrease speed, the grinding force size, form computer operation software and instruction thereof, finish the part of steel billet and the reconditioning of arris arc surface.Figure 12 shows steel billet arc surface reconditioning situation, and the A of steel billet 215, B, C, D are its cambered surface difference among the figure, and emery wheel 195,224 is a chassis speed, and 225 is reduction of speed under the bistrique, and F is the grinding constant force.This equipment is taken out the dirt system in addition, it by the motor of taking out dirt, blower fan, take out dirt pipeline, spray system, filter dirt mechanism, dust discharge pipeline etc. and form their all available publicly-owned technology and manufacturings.This equipment also can comprise auxiliary and adjunct circuit, instrument and mechanical part such as the electronics that extends out, machinery.
The equipment of above-mentioned micro-processor controlled grinding steel billet is to make according to the method for following microcomputer control grinding steel billet.The method of microcomputer control grinding steel billet is as follows in sum: adopt new technologies and methods and had by the steel billet grinding processing method of microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment operation in grinding steel billet overall process: the described steel billet grinding of a. overall process comprises: blank loads onto and unloads and turn on equipment for grinding, changes, moves, clamps, unclamps and the overall process of grinding when side or circle or steel billet plate or prism and even different cross section (can comprise the steel ingot that is different cross-sectional) grinding; The steel billet mill processing method of b. described microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment operation is: controlled by the microsystem centralized and unified management in the grinding overall process, rely on multiple sensors to gather observing and controlling information, adopt electronics, photoelectron, electromagnetism, the monitoring of hydraulic pressure, monitoring, control is moving, the system of transmission and mechanism, realize grinding tool, steel billet and its chassis and other Aided Machine part in grinding process harmonious automatic or manual continuously with the instant conversion of discontinuous steel billet grinding and operation conditions, and automatic monitoring and monitoring that grinding process is broken down.
The method of aforesaid microcomputer control grinding steel billet, each point also has in detail: the described Control System of Microcomputer of a. is the Control System of Microcomputer that combines with many microcomputers, hardware device (the peripheral ancillary hardware equipment that comprises microsystem) by this system and by software systems (software systems of establishing in comprising and the extending out) real-time implementation of grinding steel billet Whole Process Design program to the electronics in the steel billet grinding overall process, photoelectron, sensor monitoring and monitoring, Electromagnetic Control, hydraulic drive, mechanical movement, the steel billet grinding, the tracking detection and the reconditioning of grinding quality, the blank dress, unload, turn over, change, move, clamp, unclamp, control and operation are coordinated in the monitoring in advance of fault and the unified management of monitoring automatically; The method of the electronics that b. described microcomputer control grinding process adopts, photoelectron monitoring and monitoring comprises: photoelectric coding counting, multiple photoelectric sensor observing and controlling, grinding are followed the tracks of and are detected, microcomputer storage monitoring and microcomputer--the distant comprehensive coordination operating mechanism apart from monitoring emery wheel bistrique and mounting and steel billet and its chassis of photoelectron that forms thus, realization automation or manually change the operation of grinding steel billet; C. the sensor that described microcomputer control grinding process uses has: thickness transducer, displacement transducer, photoelectric sensor, pressure sensor, velocity sensor, power sensor, fluid sensor etc. are used for gathering multiple observing and controlling information, the fault that the operation of full equipment each several part carries out observing and controlling and appearance are monitored and are monitored in grinding process for Control System of Microcomputer; D. the moving method of electromagnetism control that described microcomputer control grinding process adopts has: under control of microcomputer to hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic valve of the hydraulic system of equipment, the switch of the motor of dynamical system and motor start and stop and valve, the operation of each mechanical part, conversion and braking, and the Electromagnetic Control and the action of the functional part operation of light, electricity, magnetic each several part; E. the hydraulic transmission method that described microcomputer control grinding process adopts has: under control of microcomputer, and to abrasive machine, boom truck machinery, the loading, unloading of steel billet, the machinery that turns over, changes, clamps, unclamps and the hydraulic control and the transmission of other Aided Machine; The operation mechanism of f. described microcomputer control grinding process: under microcomputer unified management monitoring, current collection, photoelectron, sensor, electromagnetism, hydraulic technique realize operation, operating mode conversion and malfunction monitoring and monitoring that full equipment complex is coordinated in this equipment automatization or manualization ground grinding; G. described micro-processor controlled malfunction monitoring and method for supervising comprise: utilize multiple sensors, under control of microcomputer, realize to all faults in the grinding overall process monitoring in advance, monitor and prevent.
The method of aforesaid microcomputer control grinding steel billet, have in more detail: the system software package of the described Control System of Microcomputer of a. is a modular construction, the programming of use assembler language, software program divides main program module and each subroutine module, they are stored in the memory of inner setting of Control System of Microcomputer and the outside difference in functionality different capabilities of expanding with the modular macroassembler subroutine respectively, formed the system software package that solidifies, main program calls with priority with request as required and interrupts each subprogram; B. described Control System of Microcomputer is principal and subordinate or the combined type Control System of Microcomputer that is combined into by many microcomputers, and their hardware comprises: information processing part (comprising the cpu part), information storage part, human-computer dialogue part, partial message transmission, interface section, the corresponding various hardware devices of joint control part, each functional circuit, sensor, memory, functional part; C. the electronic monitoring monitor portion of described employing: under microsystem control, have: human-computer dialogue part: comprise operating control keyboard, measuring instrument, screen and printer; Distant apart from hop: as to comprise distant collection, sensing, shoot with video-corder, demonstration, tracking and monitoring and scanning, monitoring, transmission, monitoring, moving each function element, device, assembly, parts, transmission yarn and each the function electronic circuit of control apart from information; Electromagnetic Control part: comprise mechanical part, motion parts, the power section of this equipment, Electromagnetic Control valve, switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control circuit and the electromagnetic sensor of hydraulic part; Heavy-current control part: comprise electric control cabinet and its power supply, transformer, instrument, switch and electric brake, relay and control cable; D. the multiple sensors of described employing: they are arranged on electronics, machinery, power, transmission, bistrique mounting, chassis, material platform each several part and the malfunction monitoring position of steel billet equipment for grinding, and reconnaissance information real-time Transmission does information processing to Control System of Microcomputer and control appliance operation, operating mode transform and fault observing and controlling; E. the hydraulic drive part of described employing: hydraulic actuation power and transmission: design and adopted the hydraulic system source that is used as power: the power source of making the driving wheel of the power source of work trolley movement system and circle base chassis folder base runner with hydraulic motor, with hydraulic pump and hydraulic regulation valve control hydraulic motor flow, flow velocity and pressure, make trolley movement speed, circle base runner speed at the stepless modulation of wide codomain scope, chassis moves back and forth arbitrarily flexibly; Hydraulic pressure is made transmission system: have round base chassis to change base, dress base, unload base, square billet chassis folder base, turn over base, adorn base, unload base, slab chassis card base, turn over base, adorn base, unload base, feeding platform dress base, push away that base unloads base with blanking bench, dialling many groups of base, multichannel, multicylinder hydraulic transmission system and multi-cylinder one tunnel hydraulic system all can synchronous or different transmission, chassis clamps the size of different circle base, square billet and slabs at the stepless modulation of wide codomain scope; F. the bistrique travel mechanism of described employing is: adopted hydraulic transmission technology and hydraulic machinery moving forward and backward of grinding head system and oscilaltion; G. the emery wheel constant force griding mechanism of described employing is: only lifting of emery wheel bistrique mounting forms the lever performance of bistrique seat self, adopted Hydraulic Power Transmission System to load grinding force to bistrique, the grinding force that loads is at the stepless modulation of wide codomain scope, adopted the bidirectional flooding valve on the hydraulic cylinder piston both sides, this oil piping system forms automatic bidirectional overflow, guarantees that the grinding force that applies is and only is a constant power; Constant force griding is added with pressure sensor and carries out observing and controlling; The permanent merit grinding mechanism of the emery wheel that adopts is: grinding under constant force and constant linear velocity, the grinding of control emery wheel constant linear velocity, adopt velocity sensor monitoring speed of grinding wheel, adopt displacement transducer monitoring grinding wheel radius, distant through microcomputer apart from monitoring grinding wheel drive mitor power, emery wheel is moved with constant linear velocity, realize the permanent merit grinding of emery wheel; H. the grinding wheel spindle of described employing is undertaken lubricated cooling body: grinding wheel spindle is undertaken and has been adopted liquid oils circulating lubricating double as bearing cooling fluid, uses two oil pumps one to take out one and send the reinforcement circulation, is added with liquid stream fault sensor again and monitors automatically; I. described arc surface method for grinding: adopted multiple sensors monitorings such as photoelectricity, speed, pressure, electric current, follow the tracks of and detect, shoot with video-corder, scan and show, the microcomputer unified management is distant apart from observing and controlling, accurately realizes steel billet limit, rib, bight circular arc grinding and local reconditioning operation under console vehicle speed, bistrique decrease speed and the grinding constant force; J. the bistrique fault monitoring method of described employing has three kinds, the position method: utilize that photoelectric sensor observing and controlling base is long to cooperate monitoring with microcomputer, all when grinding the base both ends bistrique raise latched position; The load method: utilize the real-time load current of grinding head motor observing and controlling to cooperate monitoring with microcomputer, during all chance load abnormals, bistrique is raised latched position; Pressure application: utilize that pressure cooperates monitoring between pressure sensor observing and controlling bistrique and mill base with microcomputer, all when wheel grinding pressure occurring and departing from the constant force value, bistrique is raised latched position.
The method of aforesaid microcomputer control grinding steel billet, more detailed also have: the described system software package of a. can be stored in microsystem inner be provided with and the read-only storage of outside expansion in, wherein the parameter setting be stored in power failure can the electrically erasable read-only memory of drop-out in; The main program of b. described system software package main program has: parameter is set, square billet chassis (or circle base chassis or slab chassis etc.) operation, dress base, the operation of emery wheel bistrique, automatically grind square billet (or rounding base or slab etc.), manually grind square billet (or rounding base or square billet etc.), unload base, finish, reset, interrupt; C. the main program that described photoelectric monitoring is ground the long subprogram of base comprises: boom truck starts, photoelectric encoder work and sender, photoelectric sensor work, survey the long top of blank counting, survey the long terminal count of blank, base long letter breath imports microcomputer and deposits and handle, measures and finish, reduce and reset; D. described various sensor constructive method is: adopt the electronics thickness measuring method to constitute the grinding thickness transducer; Adopt displacement automatic measuring to constitute the grinding wheel radius sensor; Adopt the electron scanning method to constitute grinding skin defective sensor; Adopt the infrared light opto-electronic conversion to send and constitute photoelectric sensor with reception; Adopt and measure liquid pressure formation pressure sensor; Adopt to rotate optical code disk-photoelectricity transmission and receive and constitute velocity sensor; Adopt current transformer to constitute power sensor (current sensor); Adopt the liquid current relay to constitute and monitor sensor lubricated and cooling; E. described grinding skin distant apart from tracking and monitoring, shoot with video-corder, scanning, indication mechanism is to follow the tracks of remote sensing, remote measurement, remote indicating, the remote control system that detects, shoots with video-corder, scans, shows the steel billet grinding skin by the electronics of computer management control, they are made up of function corresponding parts, assembly, electronic circuit, electronic instrument and instrument; The mechanism of f. described formation grinding constant force is: the lever of bistrique seat mechanism and effect: link to each other with oil cylinder piston bar loading grinding force and can be at the stepless modulation of wide codomain scope of bistrique axial region; Grinding force is dynamically controlled with bidirectional relief valve in the piston both sides of hydraulic system, to dynamically, guarantees the constant of steel billet grinding force from static state; The mechanism of the permanent merit of described grinding is: grinding force is constant, sensor monitoring grinding wheel speed and radius and grinding wheel drive mitor power, and microcomputer is distant apart from monitoring, makes the real-time constant linear velocity operation of emery wheel, realizes permanent merit grinding; G. described chassis speed monitoring mechanism: adopt that velocity sensor--it is the round rotating disk of unthreaded hole more than, be contained on the axletree of chassis, light becomes the photoelectric figure coding by turret apertures through opto-electronic conversion, shows the speed of service and the distance of note of the ancient Chinese and monitoring chassis and be transferred to microcomputer to monitor; H. described chassis speed control mechanism: flow, the flow direction and the pressure of regulating and control hydraulic pump, liquid stream control valve and the two-way liquid stream reversal valve of the power-hydraulic motor of chassis with microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and oil circuit valve, or adopting micro-processor controlled low speed large torque hydraulic motor system, the boom truck speed of service can be in the stepless modulation of wide codomain scope and reciprocal at random arbitrarily and start and stop; I. described round base chassis folder base driving wheel speed control mechanism: the hydraulic pump, the liquid that are pressed from both sides the hydraulic motor of base driving wheel by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and the regulation and control of oil circuit valve flow control valve, and the rotating speed of driving wheel can be at the stepless modulation of wide codomain scope; J. described hydraulic pressure synchronous drive mechanism has: circle base chassis loading and unloading base framed bent and the loading and unloading of the driven wheels of folder base, square billet and slab chassis are turned over base framed bent, feeding platform dress base and blank pushing machine structure, blanking bench and are unloaded base and dial base mechanism and all adopt an oil circuit to divide for pair oil cylinder synchronous drive mechanisms; The movable clamp group of square billet chassis folder base ambulatory splint group and slab chassis card base all adopts an oil circuit for an oil cylinder and two group two-way three the oil cylinders synchronous or asynchronous transmission mechanisms of another oil circuit branch for two oil cylinders; K. the lubricated cooling system of holding concurrently that described grinding wheel spindle is undertaken adopts the fluid circulatory system of strengthening, and design fuel circulating pump-bearing is paid the oil circulation system of lubricated cooling chamber-oil well pump, and is added with sensor and makes malfunction monitoring; L. the multiple monitoring of described emery wheel bistrique fault mechanism: be by the moving multiple monitoring of the fault mechanism of microcomputer control, electromagnetic valve and the control of oil circuit valve, adopt the position model malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of photoelectric sensor monitoring mill base termination; Adopt the load type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of grinding head motor current sensor; The pressure type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of adopts pressure sensor observing and controlling grinding force; All abnormal conditions that record are raised emery wheel bistrique and latched position, prevent that fault from taking place; M. grinding of steel billet arc surface and reconditioning mechanism: adopt multiple sensors distant apart from monitoring, follow the tracks of and show and microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and oil circuit valve control actuation mechanism, accurately carry out the arc surface grinding action and the local reconditioning operation at steel billet limit, rib, angle
The equipment operating process of the grinding steel billet that this is routine is as follows: the narration of operating process bonding apparatus structure.Referring to Fig. 1-Figure 12, at first close the logical total lock 37 of three phase mains, each motor 15,42,45,49,50,53,54,57,60 is in the wait starting state, suppose mill square billet earlier, the square billet chassis is lifted to track with overhead traveling crane, connect the control cable of square billet chassis and console, again the traction hook and the square billet chassis hook at chassis operation chain two ends are connected.Close total start stop switch 61,24V direct current supply road 62,63 work, from 13 end output+24V direct current supplys, then run jointly and close 64, Control System of Microcomputer 1 and 2 energising work, close operating switch 65, each several part will close a floodgate successively and start operation, indicator lamp 66 is bright, closes logical one group of switch of 69-74, the lubricating cooling oil road system connection work that the bistrique bearing is paid, relay assembly 73, its one group of make and break contact is an electric brake 51, connect electric brake 51, the fuel circulating pump motor 54 of lubricating system and 53 work of oil well pump motor, fuel circulating pump 207 and oil well pump 202 work, grinding wheel spindle is undertaken the lubricating system operate as normal.Liquid current relay 204 and 72 connection work, grinding wheel drive mitor can start work, closes logical switch 75, connects 76-80,39 1 groups of switches, closes electric brake 38, and motor 15 starts operation, and emery wheel 195 begins to rotate.Current transformer 14 work this moment, 14 of microcomputer 2 controls, 34-36, the 182-194 current sensor system begins to monitor bistrique work and malfunction monitoring, connect one group of switch of 81-85 again, because switch 84 is logical, its one group of electric brake 43 is open-minded, motor 45 work, make chassis operational system connection work, oil pump 219 work of oil piping system, by 223 work of two-way oil stream valve 222 oil motors, the square billet chassis normally moves and drives towards feeding platform dress base, connects 81-83 successively, 86,87 1 groups of switches, motor 49 starts, charging on the square billet chassis, discharging, material folding, the operation under motor 49 drives of the oil pump oil circuit of stirring, moving by controls such as microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and oil circuit valves, the oil cylinder piston bar Synchronous Transmission of oil piping system, the charging on the chassis, material folding, material stirring-up mechanism is controlled to get final product work.Connect 81-83,88,89 1 groups of switches, one group of 40 switch in the relay assembly closes logical, motor 42 work, and the oil piping system work that emery wheel bistrique seat moves forward and backward up and down can make the bistrique seat normally move by its hydraulic cylinder piston rod Synchronous Transmission.Connect one group of switch of 90-94, because oil circuit motor 57 work of one group of electric brake, the 55 logical loading and unloading platforms of relay 93, this oil circuit will make the loading and unloading platform the dress base, unload base, pusher or material toggling mechanism and normally move, dress base folder base on they and the square billet chassis with turn over base mechanism and cooperate, can load onto the square billet chassis to square billet from feeding platform.Connect one group of switch of 95-99 again, one group of electric brake 58 of relay 98 closes logical, takes out the dirt system and all works.Before to have narrated power supply logical, the infrared light supply of light source of photoelectric encoder 6 etc. and photoelectric sensor 7 and photoelectricity receive conversion portion and also begin power supply light emitting work.The preparation of all mill square billets is ready, on computer console, operating control keyboard: advanced line parameter setting, press switch 28, carry out the parameter setting, push mode key is in automatic transmission 104 → 105, mill base options button is in square billet shelves 101 → 103, connecting automatically, the mill number of times is provided with key 107, if n=6, button 112 is set square billet chassis speed (3 meters/minute or 25 meters/minute or 80 meters/minute in this way), button 113 is set the zero load and the overload value of power of motor, handle chassis rapid movement key 111, make the square billet chassis drive towards feeding platform, press the pusher key 130 → 131 and charging key 133 → 134 of feeding platform, cooperate the square billet chassis to press the flat key 125 of lifting of square billet, connect blank to the square billet chassis, folder key 126 → 127 and limit folder key 128 → 129 clamps square billet in the manipulation activities clamping plate, this square billet is of a size of 80mm * 80mm or 700mm * 700mm, long 9 meters, it is long to press automatic mill sender key 100 survey bases, regulate square billet platform speed key 110, handle grinding steel billet equipment grinding square billet by grinding square billet software program 152-181 step automatically, until this end-of-job.The way in also through turning over base, control is turned over base key 121 → 122 and is turned over base, the flat key 125 of lifting, clamp key 126-129 and turn over base after survey base long hair news key 108 etc., if will carry out local reconditioning to this square billet, as the middle part of certain face or the arc surface reconditioning of arris, handle keyboard on demand, as press manual mode key 104 → 106, the manual operation of workbench key 140-143, bistrique moves forward and backward key 144-145 and lifting key 148-151 and crawl key 146-147 etc., and operates up to finishing according to local reconditioning program.Back control square billet blanking key 123-124 and blanking bench discharging key 135-138 etc. are discharged to square billet on the blanking bench.So operation can grinding and some of reconditioning square billets until all.If the rounding base is freed chain hook and control cable to the square billet chassis earlier, it is winched on one side with overhead traveling crane.Again track is gone up in the lifting of circle base chassis, the good chain of hook also patches and controls cable, at first handle supervisory keyboard: put mill base key in circle base 101 → 102, automatically grind key 104 → 105, establish n=4 by automatic grinding number of times key, pressing rapid movement key 111 will justify the base chassis and drive towards feeding platform, united control feeding platform dress base and circle base chassis connect each key of base blank are installed on the round base chassis, put blank and on two row's runners, seize on both sides by the arms, press angle key 118-120, as being ground base Φ 100mm or Φ 500mm or Φ 800mm, long 6 meters, adjust two row's runner angle α, press round base rotatable key 116 → 117, the circle base rotates, it is long to press the long key 100 survey bases of automatic sender survey base, press round base chassis speed adjusting key 109, according to the software program 152-159 of grinding circle base, 161-166, the 168-181 rounding base that circulates automatically is until finishing.Local reconditioning can be operated reconditioning on demand as needs.Thereafter unload base to blanking bench, but so some of bases are justified in grinding, until finishing.After having ground blank, press the reverse step operation of each step of opening device operation, the tool operation part that shuts down, closed the oil circuit part, until shutting down outage, this equipment operating process is intact.
2. grinding steel billet equipment and example one that should example.1 different is: (1). this routine Control System of Microcomputer is made of the Control System of Microcomputer of principal and subordinate or composite construction three microcomputers, these three microcomputers can be the system software packages that 4,8,16,32 microsystem is equipped with resource-sharing, support comprehensive management and the control of microcomputer to equipment.The hardware components of microsystem has increased observing and controlling information distant apart from tracking sensing, detect, shoot with video-corder, scan, demonstration, distant apart from relevant hardware such as transmission, human-computer dialogue, keyboards and relate to various functional circuits, each memory, each functional part and the sensor etc. that increase expansion; (2). the human-computer dialogue mechanism of the Control System of Microcomputer of increase: follow the tracks of sense switch, solid and shoot with video-corder operated key, slab chassis speed adjusting keys or the like such as the options button of switch, automatic scan switch, defective display switch, nog plate base, slab loading and unloading; (3). the demonstration of the Control System of Microcomputer of increase and indicating mechanism: the indication of follow the tracks of to detect, solid being shot with video-corder, automatic scan, defective show and instrument and meter, screen and the typewriter etc. of demonstration; (4). what electronic section increased has: the electronics of grinding skin detects and demonstration from motion tracking, comprise steel billet grinding skin real-time tracking detecting sensor, function corresponding element, device, assembly, parts, each function electronic circuit and electronic instruments such as electronics is shot with video-corder automatically, electronics automatic scan, the automatic demonstration of grinding skin defective, micro-processor controlled distant apart from transmission yarn, the moving and execution actuating mechanism of electromagnetism control; (5). the sensor of increase has: grinding skin is followed the tracks of detecting sensor the grinding layer thickness transducer, and it is the electronics thickness measurement sensor; The solid camera device is arranged, and it is a solid CCD camera device; Scanning means is arranged, and it is the electronics automatic sweep apparatus; The defectiveness display instrument, it is a metallographic defective autoamtic display device; The grinding wheel speed sensor, it is photoelectronic velocity sensor; The grinding wheel radius sensor, it is a displacement measurement sensor; Above-mentioned these sensor major parts are installed near the emery wheel on the bistrique mounting; (6). this equipment has permanent merit grinding mechanism, it is made of jointly constant force griding mechanism and emery wheel constant linear velocity grinding mechanism, and its medium plain emery wheel constant linear velocity grinding mechanism is made up of emery wheel drive motors and power of motor sensor, emery wheel and velocity sensor thereof and radius sensor, control microcomputer and observing and controlling in real time, transmission, the moving executing agency of control; (7). this equipment has two in identical slab chassis, wherein one do standby, the slab chassis by bogie frame, wheel, feed, get stuck, mechanical part, power part, drive disk assembly, moving component, traction element, control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor of stirring, discharging form; (8). the mechanism of described slab chassis chucking slab: at the slab bogie frame face upper edge cephlad-caudal two row's clamps that be arranged in parallel, every row has the identical clamp 6 of size or 8 or 10, and their card base face is in conplane interval and is installed on the clamp row axle, one row is fixedly mounted on the chassis face, another row is movably arranged on the chassis face, movable clamp row's axle links to each other with install one group or two group oil cylinder piston rods on this chassis respectively, by the liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and the moving chucking of oil circuit valve control slab, two row's clamp row-to-row distances can be in wide codomain scope 20mm-1400mm stepless modulation, but polishing width is to the slab of 1400mm size; (9). described slab chassis turn over base mechanism: in the movable clamp of the slab bogie frame face outside one loading, unloading arranged, turn over the framed bent of base, 5 or the 7 or 9 piece iron roof beams structure one end coaxial line ground identical by size constitutes framed bent at interval, the iron roof beam structure links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on the chassis respectively, by liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and the control of oil circuit valve, framed bent turns to become different angles fashionable dress base with the chassis face, turn over base and unload base around its axle; (10). described steel billet arris arc surface grinding mechanism: utilize multiple sensors, the sensor that detects, shoots with video-corder, scans, shows from motion tracking comprising electronics, as sensors such as grinding thickness, grinding wheel radius and speed, the demonstrations of metallographic defective, distant under control at microcomputer, the speeds of service such as accurate tracking observing and controlling chassis, emery wheel realize the arc surface reconditioning operation of constant force or permanent merit; The remainder of this equipment and all the other used method for grinding are same as described in example one .1 entirely.
3. microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment that should example is different with example one .1 and 2 is that its Control System of Microcomputer is made of a microcomputer, this microcomputer can be 8,16,32,64 microcomputers, and its function only need satisfy the function that this equipment requires and can use.All the other are same as described in example one .1 and 2 entirely, but the steel billet or the steel ingot of the various different cross-sectional of its grinding.
Example two. not being both described in 1,2,3 examples of this routine microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment and example one: 1. the microsystem of this equipment is the Multiple Batch Station net group control system that many microcomputers are formed, and this system can be the networked group control system that terminal microcomputer, node microcomputer, center or station microcomputer are formed; 2. remote sensing, remote measurement, remote indicating and the remote control of grinding, reconditioning, operation and fault that sensor apparatus that multiple tracking shoots with video-corder, scans, shows and detect and instrument be used for this equipment have been adopted; The remainder of equipment and method therefor are same as described in example one .1 and 2 and 3 entirely.
Claims (4)
1. the method for microcomputer control grinding steel billet, it is the steel billet grinding processing method that in grinding steel billet overall process, adopts new technologies and methods and operate by microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment, be characterised in that: the steel billet grinding processing method of described microcomputer control grinding steel billet equipment operation is to be controlled by the microsystem centralized and unified management in the grinding overall process, rely on multiple sensors to gather observing and controlling information, adopt electronics, photoelectron, electromagnetism, the monitoring of hydraulic pressure, monitoring, control is moving, the system of transmission and mechanism, comprise in steel billet grinding overall process: blank loads onto and unloads and turn on equipment for grinding during the steel billet grinding, change, move, clamp, unclamp and the overall process of grinding in, realize grinding tool, steel billet and its chassis and other Aided Machine part in the grinding overall process harmonious automatic or manual continuously with the instant conversion of discontinuous steel billet grinding and operation conditions, and automatic monitoring and monitoring that grinding process is broken down:
A. described Control System of Microcomputer is principal and subordinate or the combined type Control System of Microcomputer that is combined into by many microcomputers, the hardware of system comprises: the information processing part: comprise the cpu part, information storage part, the human-computer dialogue part, partial message transmission, the interface section, online and joint control multimachine partly reaches corresponding various hardware device, each functional circuit, sensor, memory, functional part; The software kit of microsystem is a modular construction, the programming of use assembler language, software program divides main program module and each subroutine module, they are stored in the memory of inner setting of Control System of Microcomputer and the outside difference in functionality different capabilities of expanding with the modular macroassembler subroutine respectively, formed the system software package that solidifies, main program calls with priority with request as required and interrupts each subprogram; Control System of Microcomputer, hardware device (the peripheral ancillary hardware equipment that comprises Control System of Microcomputer) by this system and by software systems (software systems of establishing in comprising and the extending out) real-time implementation of grinding steel billet Whole Process Design program to the electronics in the steel billet grinding overall process, photoelectron, sensor monitoring and monitoring, Electromagnetic Control, hydraulic drive, mechanical movement, the steel billet grinding, the tracking detection and the reconditioning of grinding quality, the blank dress, unload, turn over, change, move, clamp, unclamp the monitoring in advance of fault and the unified management of monitoring automatically, coordinate control and operation;
The method of electronics, photoelectron monitoring and monitoring that b. described microcomputer control grinding process adopts comprises: photoelectric coding counting, multiple photoelectric sensor observing and controlling, grinding are followed the tracks of and are detected, microcomputer storage monitoring, the electronic monitoring monitor portion that this method forms has under microsystem control: the human-computer dialogue part: handle supervisory keyboard, monitoring and Displaying Meter, display screen and printer; Distant apart from hop: as to comprise distant collection, sensing, shoot with video-corder, show, follow the tracks of and detect and scanning, monitoring, transmission, monitoring, moving each function element, device, assembly, parts, transmission yarn and each the function electronic circuit of control apart from information; Electromagnetic Control part: comprise mechanical part, motion parts, the power section of this equipment, Electromagnetic Control valve, switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control circuit and the electromagnetic sensor of hydraulic part; Heavy-current control part: electric control cabinet and its power supply, transformer, instrument, switch and electric brake, electromagnetic valve, relay and control cable; The microcomputer of Xing Chenging--the distant comprehensive coordination operating mechanism apart from monitoring emery wheel bistrique and mounting and steel billet and its chassis of photoelectron realizes automation or manually changes grinding and the operation of reconditioning steel billet thus;
C. the sensor that described microcomputer control grinding process uses has: thickness transducer, displacement transducer, photoelectric sensor, pressure sensor, velocity sensor, power sensor, fluid sensor, the multiple sensors of described employing, they are arranged on the electronics of steel billet equipment for grinding, machinery, power, transmission, hydraulic pressure, the bistrique mounting, chassis, the monitoring position of material platform each several part and fault, be used for gathering various information, real-time Transmission is given Control System of Microcomputer, make the operation of information processing and this equipment of control, operating mode transforms and fault observing and controlling, makes Control System of Microcomputer control and break down the operation of equipment each several part in grinding process and monitors and monitor;
D. the Electromagnetic Control method that described microcomputer control grinding process adopts has: under control of microcomputer to hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic valve of equipment and hydraulic system, the switch of the motor of dynamical system and motor start and stop and valve, the operation of each mechanical part, conversion and braking, and the Electromagnetic Control and the action of the functional part operation of light, electricity, magnetic each several part; The Electromagnetic Control that this method forms partly comprises mechanical part, motion parts, the power section of this equipment, Electromagnetic Control valve, switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, Electromagnetic Control circuit and the electromagnetic sensor of hydraulic part;
The hydraulic transmission method of e. described microcomputer control grinding process has: under microcomputer control, and to abrasive machine, boom truck machinery, the loading, unloading of steel billet, the machinery that turns over, changes, moves, clamps, unclamps and the hydraulic control and the transmission of other Aided Machine; The hydraulic drive part of described employing: comprise and adopt hydraulic actuation power part, adopted hydraulic motor to make the power source of the driving wheel of the power source of trolley movement system, circle base chassis folder base runner, adopt flow, flow velocity and the pressure of hydraulic pump and Flux Valve Control regulator solution pressure motor, make the chassis speed of service, the circle base runner speed can stepless modulation in wide codomain scope, hydraulic motor has also adopted two-way liquid stream reversal valve, and chassis can be moved back and forth immediately neatly; Hydraulic pressure is made transmission system: including round base chassis changes base, adorns base, unloads base, the square billet chassis presss from both sides base, turns over base, adorns base, unloads base, slab chassis card base, turn over base, adorn base, unload base, feeding platform dress base, push away base and blanking bench unloads base, dials many groups of base, multichannel, multicylinder hydraulic transmission system and multi-cylinder one tunnel Hydraulic Power Transmission System all can realize Synchronous Transmission, the scope that chassis clamps different size circle base, square billet and slab can stepless modulation in wide codomain;
The operation mechanism of f. described microcomputer control grinding process: under microcomputer unified management monitoring, current collection, photoelectron, sensor, distant distance, electromagnetism, hydraulic technique are in this equipment, and operation and malfunction monitoring and the monitoring that equipment complex is coordinated realized on automation or manualization ground; The bistrique travel mechanism of described employing is: adopt hydraulic transmission technology and hydraulic machinery moving forward and backward of grinding head system and oscilaltion; The emery wheel constant force griding mechanism of described employing is: adopt only lifting of emery wheel bistrique mounting, form the lever system of bistrique mounting self, the grinding force that loads on emery wheel adopts Hydraulic Power Transmission System, the grinding force that loads can stepless modulation in wide codomain scope, and adopted the bidirectional flooding valve on the hydraulic cylinder piston both sides, this system forms two-way automatic overflow and regulates, guarantee that the grinding force that applies is and only be hydraulicdriven loading force and be a constant force that constant force griding also has the observing and controlling of pressure sensor; The permanent merit grinding mechanism of the emery wheel that adopts is: be made of jointly constant force griding mechanism and emery wheel constant linear speed grinding mechanism, utilize speed probe monitoring grinding wheel speed, monitor grinding wheel radius with displacement transducer, with current sensor monitoring grinding wheel drive mitor power, under the distant distance monitoring of microcomputer, make the operation of emery wheel constant linear velocity, realize the permanent merit grinding of emery wheel; The grinding wheel spindle of described employing is undertaken lubricated cooling body: adopt liquid oils circulating lubricating double as bearing cooling fluid, use two oil pumps one to send one to take out the reinforcement circulation, have liquid stream fault sensor to monitor automatically again; Also have boom truck machinery, the loading, unloading of steel billet, turn over, shift moving, the machinery that clamps, unclamp and other Aided Machine operation mechanism under hydraulic drive and electromagnetism control are moving;
G. described in grinding process micro-processor controlled malfunction monitoring and method for supervising comprise: utilize multiple sensors, under control of microcomputer, realize to all faults in the grinding process monitoring in advance, monitor and prevent; The bistrique fault monitoring method of described employing has three kinds: the position method: utilize photoelectric sensor observing and controlling base long, cooperate monitoring with microcomputer, all during to mill base both ends bistrique raise latched position; The load method: utilize the real-time load current of grinding head motor observing and controlling to cooperate monitoring with microcomputer, during all chance load abnormals, bistrique is raised latched position; Pressure application: utilize that pressure and microcomputer cooperate monitoring between pressure sensor observing and controlling bistrique and mill base, all when wheel grinding pressure occurring and departing from the constant force value, bistrique is raised latched position;
H. described arc surface method for grinding: adopted photoelectricity, speed, pressure, the monitoring of electric current multiple sensors, followed the tracks of and detect, shoot with video-corder, scan and show, the microcomputer unified management is distant apart from monitoring, accurately the console vehicle speed is realized steel billet limit, rib, bight arc surface grinding and local reconditioning operation under bistrique decrease speed and grinding constant force or the permanent merit.
2. the method for microcomputer control grinding steel billet as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that:
A. described system software package can be stored in microsystem inner be provided with and the read-only storage of outside expansion in, wherein the parameter setting be stored in power failure can the electrically erasable read-only memory of drop-out in;
B. the main program of the main program of described system software package has: parameter setting, square billet (or circle base or slab) chassis move, adorn base, the operation of emery wheel bistrique, automatic grinding square billet (or round base or slab), manual grinding square billet (or circle base or slab), unload base, finish, reset, interrupt;
C. the main program that described photoelectric monitoring is ground base eldest son program comprises: boom truck starts, photoelectric encoder work and sender, photoelectric sensor work, survey the long top of base counting, survey the long terminal count of base, base long letter breath input MICROCOMPUTER PROCESSING and deposit, measure and finish, reduce and reset;
D. described various sensor constructive method has: adopt the electronics thickness measuring method to constitute the grinding thickness transducer; Adopt the electronics method for automatic measurement to constitute the grinding wheel radius sensor; Adopt the electron scanning method to constitute grinding skin defective sensor; Adopt infrared light-opto-electronic conversion to receive and constitute photoelectric sensor; Adopt and measure liquid pressure formation pressure sensor; Adopt and rotate optical code disk-photoelectricity transmission, receive the formation velocity sensor; Adopt current transformer to constitute power sensor; Adopt the liquid current relay to constitute and monitor the sensor that lubricates-cool off;
E. described grinding skin distant apart from detects, shoot with video-corder, scanning, indication mechanism is remote sensing, remote measurement, remote indicating, the remote control system that is detected, shot with video-corder, scans, shows grinding skin by the electronics tracking of computer management control, it is made up of function corresponding parts, assembly, electronic circuit, electronic instrument;
The method of f. described formation constant force griding: the lever mechanism and the effect of bistrique seat, the bistrique axial region link to each other with the oil cylinder piston bar load grinding force and can be in wide codomain scope stepless modulation, hydraulic system becomes closed system, bidirectional relief valve control grinding force by the oil cylinder piston both sides, change over to dynamically from static state, guaranteed constant to the steel billet loading force; The method of the permanent merit grinding of described formation: grinding force is constant, sensor monitoring grinding wheel speed and radius and grinding wheel drive mitor power, and microcomputer is distant to make the real-time permanent linear speed operation of emery wheel apart from monitoring, realizes permanent merit grinding;
G. described chassis speed monitoring mechanism: adopt that velocity sensor--it is the round rotating disk of unthreaded hole more than, be contained in chassis moving runner the axle on, light source becomes the photoelectric figure code signal through opto-electronic conversion again by the rotating disk unthreaded hole, and the speed of service of this code signal table note of the ancient Chinese chassis and distance also are transferred to micro computer monitoring;
H. described chassis speed control mechanism: moving by microcomputer control and electromagnetic valve and the control of oil circuit valve, flow, the flow direction and the pressure of the hydraulic pump of the power of regulation and control chassis--hydraulic motor, liquid stream control valve and two-way liquid stream reversal valve, or adopting microcomputer control low speed large torque hydraulic motor system (can without speed change system), the boom truck speed of service can stepless modulation and reciprocal at random arbitrarily start and stop in wide codomain scope;
I. described round base chassis folder base driving wheel speed control mechanism is: moved by microcomputer control and electromagnetic valve and the control of oil circuit valve, the hydraulic pump of the hydraulic motor of regulation and control folders base driving wheel, liquid stream control valve, the rotating speed of driving wheel can be in wide codomain scope stepless modulation;
J. described hydraulic pressure synchronous drive mechanism has: circle base chassis loading and unloading base framed bent and the driven wheels of folder base, the base framed bent is turned in the loading and unloading of square billet and slab chassis, loading and unloading platform loading and unloading base, push away base, the framed bent of dialling base all adopts an oil circuit to divide for two oil cylinder piston bar synchronous drive mechanisms; The framed bent of square billet chassis folder base and slab chassis card base all adopts an oil circuit one oil cylinder and another oil circuit to supply the synchronous or asynchronous transmission mechanism of two group of two oil circuit, three oil cylinder piston bars of two oil cylinders;
K. the lubricated cooling body of holding concurrently that described grinding wheel spindle is undertaken: adopt the fluid circulatory system of strengthening, it is by fuel circulating pump--bearing is paid lubricated cold chamber--, and the oil well pump oil circuit constitutes the circulatory system, and is added with sensor and makes malfunction monitoring;
L. the multiple monitoring of described emery wheel bistrique fault mechanism: be by microcomputer control and electromagnetic valve and moving multiple monitoring of fault and the monitor control mechanism of oil circuit valve control, adopt the position model malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of photoelectric sensor monitoring mill base termination; Adopt the load type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of grinding head motor current sensor; The pressure type malfunction monitoring monitor control mechanism of adopts pressure sensor monitoring grinding;
The arc surface grinding mechanism at m. described steel billet limit, rib, angle: adopt multiple sensors distant apart from monitoring, follow the tracks of demonstration and, accurately realizing the arc surface grinding action and the local reconditioning operation at steel billet limit, rib, angle by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and oil circuit valve control actuation mechanism.
3. the equipment of the microcomputer control grinding steel billet that microcomputer control grinding steel billet method as claimed in claim 1 is made is assembled by the function binding by microcomputer control section, electronic section, mechanical part, is characterised in that:
Described microcomputer control section has required each hardware device and system software package, electronic section comprises: the human-computer dialogue part, distant apart from hop, the photoelectric monitor part, the tracking of grinding skin detects, shoot with video-corder, the display part, the Electromagnetic Control part, electrical control part and each required functional circuit, each functional part and sensor connect by function, constituted the electronic control system of unified co-ordination under microcomputer control, mechanical part comprises emery wheel bistrique and mounting part thereof, the circle base, square billet and slab chassis part, feeding platform and blanking bench part, take out the dirt system, the toothed chain track system of chassis operation and their power section, the hydraulic drive part, Electromagnetic Control partly constitutes;
A. described microcomputer control section is the principal and subordinate that is combined into of two or three or many microcomputers or Control System of Microcomputer arranged side by side, the hardware of Control System of Microcomputer comprises information treatment part branch (comprising the cpu part), information storage part, human-computer dialogue part (comprising keyboard and display part), partial message transmission, the interface section, the monitoring part, online and required corresponding each hardware device of joint control part multimachine, these hardware devices of Control System of Microcomputer are by the sensing of monitoring with monitor message, gather, shoot with video-corder, scanning, input, handle, storage, transmission, conversion, output, interface, joint control, show, indication, print, human-computer dialogue each several part and each functional circuit thereof, each memory, each functional part and sensor function connect to be formed;
B. the software of the described Control System of Microcomputer system software package establishing and extend out in being, the software kit of microsystem adopts modular organization, the programming of use assembler language, software program comprises main program and each subprogram, they are stored in the microsystem with the modular macroassembler respectively if in the difference in functionality that extends out and memory different capabilities, form the system software package that solidifies, main program maybe needs to call or interrupt each subprogram with priority by various requests, and the main program of the software main program of Control System of Microcomputer has: parameter is set, the operation of square billet (or circle base or slab) chassis, the dress base, the operation of emery wheel bistrique, automatic grinding square billet (or circle base or slab), manual grinding square billet (or circle base or slab), unload base, reset, interrupt, finish;
C. described human-computer dialogue partly comprises handles console and operating control keyboard, monitoring and display instrument instrument, each required operation and gauge tap and button are wherein arranged on the operating control keyboard, and monitoring has with the instrument and meter that shows: photoelectric monitoring, electronic measurement and control, tracking detection, solid are shot with video-corder, demonstration and indicating meter, display screen and the printer of automatic scan, defective demonstration, pressure testing and controlling, electromagnetism observing and controlling, hydraulic pressure observing and controlling; Distantly comprise distant collection, sensing, shoot with video-corder, show, follow the tracks of and detect and scanning, monitoring, transmission, monitoring, moving each function element, device, assembly, parts, transmission yarn and each the function electronic circuit of control apart from information apart from hop; Electrical control part comprises electric appliance control box or cabinet and power supply, transformer, instrument, switch and electric brake, electromagnetic valve, relay and control cable;
D. described photoelectric monitor partly comprises the execution and the actuating mechanism of each functional circuit, transmission yarn, Electromagnetic Control and photoelectric monitor of collection, sensing, transmission, input, counting, processing, storage and the output of photoelectric sensor, photoelectric encoder and micro-processor controlled photoelectric monitor information; Wherein the photoelectric monitor monitor control mechanism has: the velocity sensor of a device on chassis, the velocity sensor of another device on grinding head grinding wheel is by both photoelectric encoder generation table note of the ancient Chinese side or the digital code information of circle or the slab chassis speed of service and distance and digital code information of generation table note of the ancient Chinese grinding head grinding wheel speed of service; A photoelectric sensor, it is the infrared light transmitting and receiving device, be installed in by the chassis of surveying the mill base, record table note of the ancient Chinese and be ground the information of charge length, these information that monitor are transferred to Control System of Microcomputer and deposit, handle and real-time policer operation and malfunction monitoring and monitoring when doing grinding;
E. the tracking of described grinding skin detects, shoot with video-corder, scanning and display part comprise the real-time tracking detecting sensor of steel billet grinding skin, electronics is shot with video-corder automatically, the electronics automatic scan, the grinding skin defective shows required respective functional elements automatically, device, assembly, parts, each function electronic circuit, micro-processor controlled distant apart from transmission yarn, the mechanical mechanism that the electromagnetism control is moving and execution is moved, wherein the tracking detecting sensor of grinding skin is to detect the sensor of grinding layer thickness, it is solid CCD camera device that solid is shot with video-corder, automatic scan is the electronics automatic sweep apparatus, it is metallographic defective autoamtic display device that defective shows, they are installed near the emery wheel of bistrique mounting;
F. described Electromagnetic Control partly comprises the mechanical part of this equipment, dynamical system, hydraulic system, kinematic system, take out the dirt system, cooling system, lubricating system, the Electromagnetic Control valve of electronic control system and switch and assembly thereof, electromagnetic control components, the Electromagnetic Control sensor, the electronic circuit function connection of Electromagnetic Control assembles, the wherein electromagnetic valve of the start and stop of the motor of dynamic system and motor and work and switch, the oil pump of hydraulic system, oil motor, oil cylinder, the Electromagnetic Control of oil circuit and throttle, the operation of each mechanical part, electromagnetic valve and the switch and the light of conversion and braking,, the Electromagnetic Control of magnetic each several part functional part operation and the parts of action;
G. described hydraulic drive partly comprises the wheel grinding system, circle base chassis, square billet chassis and slab table system, feeding platform and blanking bench system, the hydraulic power part of the operational system of boom truck, hydraulic machinery and hydraulicdriven observing and controlling sensor, comprising having chassis operation and circle base to change the hydraulic motor system that has hydraulic pump and bidirectional traffics control valve of base, the bistrique lifting, move forward and backward and load grinding force, circle base chassis changes base, the dress base, unload base, square billet chassis folder base, turn over base, the dress base, unload base, slab chassis card base, turn over base, the dress base, unload base, feeding platform dress base, push away base and blanking bench unloads base, dial the many groups multichannel multicylinder hydraulic transmission system and multi-cylinder one tunnel Hydraulic Power Transmission System of base;
H. described grinding tool comprises the emery wheel bistrique, bistrique seat and frame, gantry pylon, the power supply power section, the hydraulic drive part, the Electromagnetic Control part, Electronic Control cable and subsidiary mechanical part and grinding observing and controlling sensor thereof, the travel mechanism of its medium plain emery wheel bistrique comprises: elevating mechanism: emery wheel is contained on the bistrique axle, the runner transmission that this is driven by grinding head motor, they all are contained on the bistrique seat, the bistrique seat is established axle by its mass axis and is lifted on the bistrique frame, this mounting is by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle, and the control hydraulic system is along discrete column slippage or crawl lifting up and down in the mounting both sides; Move forward and backward mechanism: the bistrique mounting is lifted on the sliding beams of two levels of the front and back trend about parallel minute frame of column top of the trellis, this bistrique mounting is by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle, and the control hydraulic system can make the bistrique mounting move forward and backward or crawl along the sliding beam of level; The constant force griding mechanism of bistrique is: the piston rod that the oil cylinder of installing on the bistrique mounting is provided with the control alive of two-way oil stream valve links to each other with the grinding head grinding wheel axial region, by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle, control hydraulic piston connecting rod loads grinding force to grinding head grinding wheel, and pressure sensor observing and controlling is set, utilize the leverage and the control alive of piston two-way overflow valve of bistrique seat, just the emery wheel to the grinding steel billet applies an invariable grinding force; The permanent merit grinding mechanism of bistrique: constant force griding mechanism and grinding head grinding wheel constant linear velocity grinding mechanism by bistrique constitute jointly, its medium plain emery wheel constant linear velocity grinding mechanism is by emery wheel drive motors and power of motor sensor, speed of grinding wheel sensor and radius sensor, and micro-processor controlled real-time observing and controlling, transmission, the moving executing agency of control are formed; The lubricated cooling body of holding concurrently that grinding wheel spindle is undertaken is: cover bearing that grinding wheel spindle is undertaken and cavity are by oil lubrication and cooling, should be lubricated and cooling system by fuel tank, fuel circulating pump, send oil pipe, fluid sensor, bearing to pay lubricated and cooling chamber, flowline, oil well pump return fuel tank and constitute the circulatory system, this circulatory system is by fluid sensor monitoring and moving by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, and monitoring is lubricated and cooling system;
I. described round base chassis part is by bogie frame, wheel, charging, material folding, change material, the mechanical part of discharging, moving component, power part, drive disk assembly, electromagnetic control components, haulage gear, fuel tank, control cable and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor form, the mechanism that wherein round base chassis is seized on both sides by the arms with the slewing circle base is: at the circle base bogie frame face upper edge cephlad-caudal two row's runners that be arranged in parallel, every row's runner such as has to install in a row at interval at several and their coaxial line ground of circle, corresponding in pairs installation of two row's runners and number equate, wherein a row is the driving wheel by driving of power oil motor and the rotation of drive circle base that is fixed on the bogie frame face, another row is unpowered driving driven pulley, this row's wheel seat can be along being installed on the chassis face that track or groove move, this row's wheel seat links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on this chassis respectively, transfer along track or groove by the liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission, runner rotating speed and two row's spacings are moving by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, seize and rotate steel billet on both sides by the arms; The loading, unloading base mechanism of circle base chassis is: the movable framed bent that row's loading, unloading blank is arranged in the circle base chassis driven pulley outside, it is arranged together by the identical some iron roof beams structure one end coaxial line interval group of size, the axle of these iron roof beams structure links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on this chassis respectively, adopt the liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission, framed bent is moving by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, and moving this framed bent face of control turns to become different angles can adorn base with the chassis face and unload base around its axis;
J. described square billet chassis part is by bogie frame, wheel, charging, material folding, stirring, the mechanical part of discharging, moving component, power part, drive disk assembly, electromagnetic control components, haulage gear, fuel tank, the control cable, the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor forms, wherein the square billet chassis clamps the mechanism of square billet and is: at the square billet bogie frame face upper edge cephlad-caudal two row folding plates that be arranged in parallel, every row has corresponding in pairs installation of several two clamping plate of arranging of clamping plate and the number that size is identical and install at interval, the collinear ground of plate bottom line to equate, wherein a row is fixed installation, its plate face and these plate faces vertical with the bogie frame face all are in the same plane that chassis moves towards end to end, another row is movable clamping plate, its plate face also is in the same plane, the backboard face links to each other with install one group or two group oil cylinder piston rods on this chassis respectively, two row folding plate interplanar distances are from leaning on the liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission, regulate, and moving and clamp square billet by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control; The base mechanism of turning over of square billet chassis is: arrange the framed bent that there are loading, unloading in the plate outside, turn over blank in the activity of square billet bogie frame face, it is installed together at interval by the identical some iron roof beams structure one end coaxial line ground of size, the axle of these iron roof beams structure links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on this chassis respectively, by liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, this framed bent can turn to become different angles fashionable dress base with the chassis face, turn over base and unload base around its axle;
K. described slab chassis part is by bogie frame, wheel, charging, get stuck, stirring, the mechanical part of discharging, moving component, power part, drive disk assembly, electromagnetic control components, haulage gear, the control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor form, wherein the mechanism of slab chassis chucking slab is: at the slab bogie frame face upper edge cephlad-caudal two row's clamps that be arranged in parallel, every row have the identical clamp of size several, and their card base face is vertical with the chassis face and be in conplane interval and be mounted to clamp row, one row is fixedly mounted on the chassis, another row is movably arranged on the chassis face, movable row's clamp links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on the chassis respectively, by the liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and the moving chucking of oil circuit valve control slab; The slab chassis turn over base mechanism: in the movable row of the slab bogie frame face clamp outside one loading, unloading arranged, turn over the framed bent of base, interval by some identical iron roof beam structure one end coaxial lines of size constitutes framed bent, the axle of iron roof beam structure links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on this chassis respectively, by liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door and the control of oil circuit valve, framed bent turns to become different angles fashionable dress base with the chassis face, turn over base and unload base around its axle;
L. the kinematic system of boom truck comprises that power section, running part, Electromagnetic Control part, variable part, track, haulage gear, control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of operation observing and controlling sensor form, and wherein the operational system of boom truck is assembled by gearbox and travelling gear, driven gear and supporting toothed chain bar, traction hook, track, the control cable of fuel tank, oil pump, oil stream control valve, two-way oil stream reversal valve and electromagnetic switch or valve, oil motor and drive;
M. feeding platform and blanking bench part is respectively by the material stand, the mechanical part of material loading or blanking, power section, running part, the Electromagnetic Control part, the control cable, fuel tank and the assembling of observing and controlling sensor form, wherein feeding platform dress base with the mechanism that blanking bench unloads base is: the one row dress base parallel with track is set or unloads the movable framed bent of base on the loading and unloading stand and near track one side, it is made of at interval some iron roof beams structure of the identical rectangular shape of size, they line up the framed bent of right angle dihedral angle shape from straight ends coaxial line ground group, the rotating shaft of these iron roof beam structure right angle ends links to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on this material stand respectively, by liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and rotation, and by micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or Throttle Opening Control rotation, when this right angle dihedral angle framed bent rotates around its axle, when right angle frame shortcut trackside face and chassis face flush, can adorn base (feeding platform) or unload base (blanking bench), when right angle frame send base (feeding platform) or connects base (blanking bench) when the trackside face flushes with the material table top a long way; The pusher of feeding platform is: the feeding platform charge mechanism a long way trackside the one row pusher framed bent parallel with track is set, it is made of at interval some identical iron roof beams structure of size, be assembled into framed bent their an end coaxial line, these iron roof beams structure link to each other with one group or two groups oil cylinder piston bar that is installed on this material platform respectively, by liquid presses piston pole Synchronous Transmission and rotation, and moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, when expecting relatively that table top upwards levers up an angle, this framed bent face pushes blank to track on one side; The material toggling mechanism of blanking bench is: the blanking bench shedding mechanism a long way trackside the one row movable framed bent parallel with track is set, it is made of at interval some identical iron roof beams structure of size, be assembled into framed bent their an end coaxial line, these iron roof beams structure the axle respectively be installed in blanking bench on one group or two group oil cylinder piston rods link to each other, by oil cylinder piston bar Synchronous Transmission and rotation, and it is moving by microcomputer controlled electro magnet valve door or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, when this framed bent towards on lever up relative material table top at angle the time, the blank that unloads is dialled from track at a distance;
N. described take out the dirt system by the motor of taking out dirt and blower fan, take out dirt pipeline, spray system, filter dirt mechanism, dust discharge pipeline, Electromagnetic Control part, the control cable is formed;
The arc surface grinding mechanism of o. described steel billet arris: form distant with demonstration and microsystem apart from TT﹠C system by photoelectric sensor, wheelhead pressure sensor, grinding head motor power sensor (current sensor), speed of grinding wheel sensor, chassis velocity sensor, electronics automatic scan, chassis (steel billet) speed of service, bistrique decrease speed, bistrique normal pressure, the emery wheel speed of service to steel billet measured in accurate tracking, by the Control System of Microcomputer comprehensive coordinate, accurately control forms automatically and manual arc surface grinding action mechanism;
P. described bistrique load type malfunction monitoring and monitor control mechanism are: adopt the load of power sensor observing and controlling grinding head motor, real-time load value and setting value are compared, moving through micro-processor controlled electromagnetic valve or switch and oil circuit valve or throttle control, when overload or load abnormal appear in all motors, make bistrique raised position and locking; Described bistrique position model malfunction monitoring and monitor control mechanism are: the length information that is recorded turned blank by photoelectric sensor, deposit into the microcomputer control system, as the operational order of grinding steel billet, when all bistriques are ground to the two ends of steel billet, operational order bistrique elevated position and locking; Described pressure type malfunction monitoring and monitor control mechanism are: by the real-time monitoring emery wheel of pressure sensor steel billet is carried out grinding with given grinding constant pressure, when all appearance depart from given grinding constant force to the steel billet grinding force, pressure sensor is in time passed to microsystem with information, control emery wheel bistrique elevated position and locking; Described bistrique bearing is paid malfunction monitoring and monitor control mechanism lubricated and cooling: monitoring fluid sensor lubricated and cooling system also has the liquid flow control switch; when all chance lubricating system aneroid stream or the liquid that breaks flow; will be automatically to motor outage shutdown, double as bistrique bearing is paid malfunction monitoring and monitor control mechanism lubricated and cooling.
4. the equipment of microcomputer control grinding steel billet as claimed in claim 8 is characterised in that:
A. each operation on the described operating control keyboard and gauge tap and button have: total start stop switch, photoelectricity sender switch, survey the long gauge tap of base, the mode of operation options button, mill square billet or circle base or slab options button, follow the tracks of sense switch, solid is shot with video-corder switch, the automatic scan switch, the defective display switch, the operating rate adjusting key, operated keys such as square billet loading and unloading, operated keys such as circle base loading and unloading, operated keys such as slab loading and unloading, the feeding platform operated key, the blanking bench operated key, the emery wheel shifting bond(s), emery wheel crawl operating key, each parameter is provided with key;
B. described system software package can be stored in interior if in the read-only storage that extends out, wherein the parameter of She Zhiing be stored in power failure can the electrically erasable read-only memory of drop-out in;
C. the main program that described photoelectric monitor is ground base length subprogram comprises: also counting, microcomputer are deposited and are handled, finish, reset base long letter breath for boom truck startup, photoelectric coding work and sender, photoelectric sensor work, the long top of survey base and counting, survey base length terminal;
D. the main program that manual point is sent out reconditioning or local reconditioning subprogram comprises: manually grind square billet (or circle base or slab) selection, the operation of manual prosecutor base (or circle base or slab) chassis, chassis jogging or stop, putting (or part or arris arc surface) reconditioning and operate, finish, interrupt, reset;
E. described photoelectric sensor is the sending and receiving apparatus of infrared light supply, and they are contained in chassis track both sides mutually respectively with aiming at, and height is contour with the chassis packaging blank; Described pressure sensor is to survey the strong sensor of hydraulic pressure, and its device is in the hydraulic system of drawing together the plug oil cylinder that grinding wheel spindle connects; Described power sensor is the current sensor of grinding head motor, and it is mounted in the current transformer on the motor circuit; Described grinding layer thickness transducer is the electronics thickness measurement sensor, and the grinding wheel radius sensor is the displacement automatic measuring sensor, and they all are contained near the emery wheel on the bistrique mounting; Described velocity sensor is emery wheel and chassis velocity sensor, they are contained in respectively in the rotating shaft of emery wheel and chassis wheel, and it is the photoelectric coding counter, by the photoelectric coded disk double as, provide the photoelectric coding number of unit interval to microcomputer, the speed of service of its table note of the ancient Chinese emery wheel and chassis; The lubricated sensor of described monitoring is a liquid current relay by liquid current control grinding head motor power switch, and it is installed in grinding wheel spindle and undertakes in the circulatory system of lubricating cooling oil road; Photoelectric sensor, current sensor, pressure sensor be the sensor of double as emery wheel bistrique observing and controlling fault also;
The rotating speed of the driving wheel of f. described round base clip wheel is by its power source--oil motor control, and the oil mass of oil motor is changed fuel delivery and can be made clip wheel rotating speed stepless modulation in wide codomain 20rpm-200rpm scope by the control of liquid stream control valve;
G. the distance between axles of two row foldings of described round base wheel is moving by the hydraulic system control, driven pulley adopts an oil circuit two table oil cylinder piston rods (oil circuit is divided moving two oil cylinders of Flow Control equally) adjusted in concert transmission regulation and control, in the stepless variation in wide codomain 20mm-800mm scope of the moving two row foldings wheel spacing down of hydraulic system control, but the round steel billet of grinding Φ 40mm-Φ 800mm;
H. each the clip wheel runner on the described round base chassis all is equipped with adhesive plaster wheel skin with circle base contact site, adds the friction between great wheel and circle base and seizes effect on both sides by the arms, has increased mutual contact flexility again;
I. described square billet two row folding plates lean on two group of two oil circuit, the three table oil cylinder piston rods (wherein one group of one oil circuit divided moving two oil cylinders of Flow Control equally) of hydraulic system to the transmission of movable row folding plate adjusted in concert, the moving two row folding distances between plates down of hydraulic system control can be in wide codomain 20mm-800mm scope stepless modulation, but the square billet of grinding 40mm * 40mm to 800mm * 800mm size;
J. described slab two row's clamps are arranged the transmission of clamp adjusted in concert by two group of two oil circuit of hydraulic system, three table oil cylinder piston rods to activity, the moving two row's clamp spacings down of hydraulic system control can be in wide codomain 20mm-1400mm scope stepless modulation, but polishing width is to the slab material of 1400mm;
K. the power source of the operational system of described boom truck is an oil motor, the oil feed pump of control oil motor and liquid stream control valve can make the speed of service stepless modulation in wide codomain 0.5-80 rice/minute scope of boom truck, the oil motor of boom truck also has the two-way reversal valve of oil circuit to flow by two-way fuel feeding, or oil motor uses the oil motor of low speed large torque, boom truck back and forth operation at random arbitrarily in operation;
L. described constant force griding mechanism is: the bistrique seat is paid by emery wheel, bearing and is lubricated cooling chamber, belt pulley, electric motors function and assembles, the bistrique seat is established axle by its mass axis and is lifted on the bistrique mounting, form equivalent lever shape bistrique, so the grinding pressure to steel billet that loads on the grinding wheel spindle by the oil cylinder piston bar of installing on the frame is a constant force, this power can be chosen wantonly in 500-25000 newton's wide codomain scope and stepless modulation;
M. described permanent merit grinding mechanism: unite by constant force griding mechanism and emery wheel constant linear velocity travelling mechanism and to constitute, its medium plain emery wheel constant linear velocity travelling mechanism is made of with distant the connection apart from functions such as transmission yarns with radius sensor and control microcomputer motor and power sensor, emery wheel and velocity sensor thereof, can control the emery wheel constant linear velocity and operate in stepless modulation in the wide codomain scope of 60--120m/s;
N. described arris arc surface reconditioning mechanism: the monitoring system of utilizing multiple sensors such as photoelectricity, electronics, pressure, speed, displacement, liquid stream, oil stream by the distant moving parameter of control of accurately controlling chassis, bistrique, kinematic system apart from control system and electronics, photoelectron, electromagnetism, the distant distance of hydraulic part of microcomputer is big or small, direction and pressure, can accurately control the blank speed of service, bistrique decrease speed, grinding pressure size, form computer operation software and instruction thereof, finish arc surface reconditioning local, arris;
O. the liquid current relay of described lubricating and cooling system is a relay assembly by the liquid current control, and this group relay switch control grinding head motor is disconnected when logical aneroid flowed when liquid stream was arranged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93120431A CN1055884C (en) | 1993-12-16 | 1993-12-16 | Method and equipment for grinding the surface of billet controlled by microcomputer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93120431A CN1055884C (en) | 1993-12-16 | 1993-12-16 | Method and equipment for grinding the surface of billet controlled by microcomputer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1103827A CN1103827A (en) | 1995-06-21 |
| CN1055884C true CN1055884C (en) | 2000-08-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN93120431A Expired - Fee Related CN1055884C (en) | 1993-12-16 | 1993-12-16 | Method and equipment for grinding the surface of billet controlled by microcomputer |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102001042B (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 清华大学 | High-speed strong-force snagging machine tool multispindle synergic mixed hydraulic control system and control method |
| CN102832753A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-12-19 | 常州亚邦捷宇自控成套设备有限公司 | Magnetic tile processing device |
| CN103454394A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Judgment method for defects on hardening surface of spur gear of aero-engine |
| CN103465133B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-06-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Polishing method for stainless steel continuous casting rolled slab 00 section |
| CN104503393A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-08 | 太仓市微贯机电有限公司 | Gear machining monitoring device |
| CN105945729B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2018-01-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of metallic rotary part constant pressure polishing control device and control method |
| CN107052982B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2019-12-13 | 山东交通职业学院 | Honing machine bistrique actuating mechanism |
| CN116652467A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-29 | 昆明市明利丰通信铁塔制造有限公司 | Welding device for iron tower based on automatic adjustment of welding depth of plate thickness |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0394040A2 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-10-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Koyama | A finishing machine for casted products |
| CN2087119U (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1991-10-23 | 中国人民解放军海军电子工程学院 | Numerically controlling device for grinding machine |
| US5079874A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1992-01-14 | Lueber Werner | Process for controlling an automatic machine for cleaning castings |
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- 1993-12-16 CN CN93120431A patent/CN1055884C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5079874A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1992-01-14 | Lueber Werner | Process for controlling an automatic machine for cleaning castings |
| EP0394040A2 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-10-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Koyama | A finishing machine for casted products |
| CN2087119U (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1991-10-23 | 中国人民解放军海军电子工程学院 | Numerically controlling device for grinding machine |
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| CN1103827A (en) | 1995-06-21 |
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