CN105542819A - Hot junction type coal dry distillation furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-bonded briquette carbonization furnace. The top of the furnace body is provided with a feeding device and a carbonization gas pipe, and the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a discharge device. Walls, combustion chambers, refractory walls, insulation materials and insulation layers made of ordinary bricks, and an initial heating furnace is provided on one side of the lower part of the furnace body. The retort chamber is made of cast iron. The narrow refractory brick wall is set around the retort chamber with a width of 120-130mm. 1/3 of the furnace body height from the bottom of the furnace body is a solid refractory brick wall, and the remaining 2/3 of the furnace body is fancy The refractory brick wall, the combustion chamber surrounds the retort chamber, and the deflectors are arranged staggeredly on the front and rear sides of the combustion chamber. The feeding device includes a hopper, a discharge valve, a buffer chamber, a buffer material valve, and a feeding port. The discharging device includes an outlet, Turnstiles, pools, rake elevators, briquette conveyor belts.

Description

Hot-bonded briquette carbonization furnace

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of dry distillation, and in particular relates to a heat-bonded briquette dry distillation furnace.

Background technique

At present, most of the retort furnaces used in my country are internal heat retort furnaces. Internal heat retort furnaces have the advantages of long operation period, reliable operation, the ability to use fixed carbon in semi-coke, and the ability to process low-grade oil shale. But, just can't use internal heating type carbonization furnace when developing thermally briquetted coal. Chinese patent 200910011013.8 discloses an externally heated retort furnace, which includes a vertical furnace body composed of a retort chamber and a generating section inside, a feeding device and a slagging device; There are several combustion chambers and regenerators respectively; the upper end of each combustion chamber communicates with the auxiliary coal box at the lower part of the charging device through the flue gas outlet pipe, and the lower end communicates with the return gas inlet on the furnace wall and the gas generation section leading to the generation section. The inlets are connected; the regenerator is provided with semi-coke combustion air and gas combustion air pipes that communicate with the generating section and the lower end of the combustion chamber respectively, and the outer ends of the pipes are respectively connected with the semi-coke combustion air inlets and gas combustion air inlets on the furnace wall. The structure of the dry distillation furnace is relatively complicated, and some structures have no effect on the dry distillation of hot coal briquettes. However, the structure of the heat-bonded briquette carbonization furnace used in actual production is too simple and can only be operated intermittently. As a result, the volatile content of the hot-bonded briquette produced is as high as 15%, and the furnace box is easily deformed during the production process. Product quality, higher operating and maintenance costs. Therefore, it is urgent to research and develop a dry distillation furnace suitable for hot coal briquettes.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a thermally briquetted coal carbonization furnace to overcome the shortcomings of the existing thermally compacted coal carbonization furnace.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The heat-bonded briquette carbonization furnace of the present invention is a vertical furnace body, a feeding device and a carbonization gas pipe are arranged on the top of the furnace body, and a discharge device is arranged on the bottom of the furnace body. The main body of the furnace body consists of retort chamber, narrow refractory brick wall, combustion chamber, refractory wall and insulation layer made of insulation materials and ordinary bricks from inside to outside, and an initial heating furnace is set on one side of the lower part of the furnace body. The dry distillation chamber is composed of iron castings with a length of 1700-2000mm, a width of 350-400mm and a height of 500-550mm. The narrow-layer refractory brick wall is set on the periphery of the retort chamber with a width of 120-130 mm. The height of 1/3 of the furnace body from the bottom of the furnace body is a solid narrow-layer refractory brick wall, which prevents the deformation of the iron castings in the retort chamber. The remaining 2 The furnace body of /3 is a fancy narrow-layer refractory brick wall, which plays a supporting role. The combustion chamber surrounds the dry distillation chamber, and the deflectors are arranged alternately at the front and rear sides of the combustion chamber. The feeding device includes a hopper, a discharge valve, a buffer chamber, a buffer valve, and a feed port. The discharge device includes an outlet, a rotary gate, a pool, a rake hoist, and a molded coal conveyor belt. The pool is arranged below the outlet of the retort chamber, and a rake hoist is provided on the side of the outlet in the pool. The bottom is a slope surface that is high at the exit and low at the rake hoist, and a briquette conveyor belt is provided outside the lower end of the pool. The initial heating furnace includes a heating chamber, a cleaning chamber, a fire grate and an air outlet.

When the iron castings constituting the retort chamber are vertically connected, a layer of 100-150mm asbestos layer is placed between the iron castings, so that the edge of the iron castings is always 3-8°C lower than other parts, preventing the iron castings from Distorted edges.

The deflector in the combustion chamber is provided with a first layer at a height of 1800-1900mm from the bottom of the furnace body, and then a second layer is provided at a height of 1500-1600mm, and then a layer is provided every 1000-1100mm.

The working principle of the heat-bonded briquette carbonization furnace of the present invention When feeding, firstly send the pressed briquettes into the hopper, open the opening valve and the briquettes enter the buffer chamber, the discharge valve is automatically closed, then open the buffer valve, and the briquettes enter In the retort chamber, the buffer material valve is automatically closed, and the two sets of valves, the discharge valve and the buffer material valve, isolate the gas exchange inside and outside the retort furnace. When a newly built or repaired carbonization furnace is restarted, the initial heating furnace is first ignited with coal, and the initial heating furnace relies on the positive pressure blast of the blower to send the hot air in the heating chamber through the air outlet to the combustion chamber to heat the briquettes in the carbonization chamber until When the retort chamber reaches a certain temperature and automatically generates retort gas, under the action of the induced draft fan, the gas in the retort chamber is detarred and desulfurized through the retort gas pipe, and then sent to the air outlet through the gas pipeline and enters the combustion chamber to form a retort chamber. Gas, for the self-circulation of combustion chamber gas, and the initial heating furnace is turned off after completing the initial heating task. The hot gas in the combustion chamber detours from bottom to top under the guidance of the deflector, which slows down the upward speed of the hot gas in the combustion chamber, makes the heating of the retort chamber more uniform, and forms the temperature of the thermally briquetted coal in the retort chamber from bottom to top The situation of gradual increase solves the problem that the temperature of the gas inlet and top of the combustion chamber is too high and the temperature in the middle of the combustion chamber is low due to the rapid rise of hot gas in the combustion chamber of the existing retort furnace. When the temperature of the hot-bonded coal in the retort chamber reaches about 700°C, it should be released from the furnace, and the rotary gate is slowly opened. The hot-bonded coal falls from the inverted trapezoidal and water-sealed outlet and enters the water pool to cool down. The high-temperature hot-bonded coal and After contact with water, a large amount of hot steam is generated and enters the retort chamber to form water gas for self-combustion. The hot coal in the pool flows to the outlet side along the slope of the pool. Under the action of the rake elevator and the coal conveyor belt, it will be cooled. output of hot coal briquettes.

Beneficial effects of the present invention

(1) The present invention is exclusively used for carbonization of heat-bonded briquettes. The carbonization furnace of the present invention has reasonable design, relatively simple structure, less construction investment, and can continuously produce heat-bonded briquettes. (2) The retort chamber of the present invention is formed by using standard iron castings, and two schemes are adopted to prevent the existing iron castings from easily heating and deforming. One is to set asbestos layers between the iron castings. The heat conduction is hindered, which makes the edge of the cast iron part and other parts lower by 3-8 °C. This temperature difference effectively reduces the deformation of the edge of the cast iron part; the second is the outer circumference of the cast iron part of the retort chamber at the bottom of the retort furnace, which is 1/3 of the height of the furnace body. Refractory bricks with a thickness of 120-130mm are added to reduce the high temperature of the combustion chamber and directly heat the iron castings quickly, which has a very good anti-deformation effect. (3) The present invention builds an initial heating furnace at the bottom of the furnace body. This design does not increase the footprint of the retort furnace, and saves a lot of investment and later operating costs than a gas generator specially used for initial heating. (4) The present invention adopts a water-seal cooling and unloading device, and uses high-temperature heat-bonded briquettes to cool rapidly in water. At the same time, because the outlet of the retort chamber is sealed by water, a large amount of water vapor generated enters the retort chamber from the outlet to form a new energy source, reducing the impact on Environmental pollution saves more cooling and cooling sites. (5) Adopt dry distillation furnace of the present invention to produce heat-bonded briquette, waste materials such as coal slime and semi-coal powder can be processed into available clean fuels, and the volatile matter of the produced heat-bonded briquette is by original 15%-20 % is reduced to less than 4% of the current level, and the sulfur content is reduced by more than 40% compared with the existing retort furnaces, which effectively reduces the pollution of sulfur to the environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1A-A.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of Fig. 1B-B.

In the figure: 1. Hopper, 2. Discharging valve, 3. Buffer chamber, 4. Buffer material valve, 5. Feed inlet, 6. Retort chamber, 7. Fancy narrow refractory brick wall, 8. Combustion chamber, 9. Deflector, 10. Refractory wall, 11. Insulation layer, 12. Solid narrow refractory brick wall, 13. Gas pipeline, 14. Initial heating furnace, 15. Exit, 16. Turnstile, 17. Pool, 18 , rake hoist, 19, briquette conveyor belt, 20, heating chamber, 21, ash cleaning chamber, 22, fire grate, 23, air outlet, 24, retort gas pipe.

detailed description

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, the heat-bonded briquette retort furnace of the present invention includes a hopper 1, a discharge valve 2, a buffer chamber 3, a buffer valve 4, a feed port 5, a retort chamber 6, and a fancy narrow-layer refractory brick wall 7 , Combustion chamber 8, deflector 9, refractory wall 10, insulation layer 11, solid narrow refractory brick wall 12, gas pipeline 13, initial heating furnace 14, outlet 15, rotary gate 16, pool 17, rake hoist 18 , briquette conveyor belt 19, heating chamber 20, cleaning chamber 21, fire grate 22, air outlet 23, retort gas pipe 24. The retort furnace is a vertical furnace body, a feeding device and a retort gas pipe 24 are arranged on the top of the furnace body, and a discharge device is arranged on the bottom of the furnace body. From the inside to the outside, the main body of the furnace body consists of a retort chamber 6, a single-layer refractory brick wall 12, a combustion chamber 8, a refractory wall 10, and an insulation layer 11 made of insulation materials and ordinary bricks. Furnace14. The retort chamber 6 is made of iron castings with a length of 1700-2000mm, a width of 350-400mm, and a height of 500-550mm. When the iron castings are vertically connected, an asbestos layer of 100-150mm is arranged between the iron castings. The single-layer refractory brick wall 12 is arranged around the retort chamber, with a width of 120-130mm. 1/3 of the furnace body height from the bottom of the furnace body is a solid narrow-layer refractory brick wall, and the remaining 2/3 of the furnace body is a fancy narrow-layer refractory brick wall. The feeding device includes a hopper 1 , a discharge valve 2 , a buffer chamber 3 , a buffer valve 4 and a feed port 5 . The discharge device includes an outlet 15 , a rotary gate 16 , a pool 17 , a rake elevator 18 , and a briquette conveyor belt 19 . The pool 17 is arranged below the outlet 15 of the retort chamber 6, and the outlet 15 is sealed by the water surface of the pool. The side of the outlet 15 in the pool 17 is provided with a rake elevator 18, and the bottom of the pool 17 is the outlet 15. Machine 18 place low slope surfaces, pool 17 low end limit outsides are provided with molded coal delivery conveyor belt 19. The initial heating furnace includes a heating chamber 20 , a cleaning chamber 21 , a fire grate 22 and an air outlet 23 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the combustion chamber 8 of the present invention surrounds the carbonization chamber 6, and in the combustion chamber 8, a first layer of combustion gas guide plate 9 is set at a height of 1800-1900 mm from the bottom of the body of furnace, and then raised 1500-1600mm is provided with the second layer of deflectors 9, and then every 1000-1100mm rise is provided with a layer of deflectors 9, and the deflectors are arranged alternately at the front and rear sides of the combustion chamber 8.

Claims (3)

1. a thermojunction moulded coal gas retort, is characterized in that, thermojunction moulded coal gas retort is vertical type body of heater, and body of heater top is provided with feeding device and destructive distillation gas line, and bottom of furnace body is provided with drawing mechanism.Body of heater main body is respectively the thermal insulation layer that destructive distillation room, streak refractory brickwork, combustion chamber, refractory wall and lagging material and common brick build up from inside to outside, is provided with initial heating stove in the side of lower portion of furnace body; Described destructive distillation room is made up of the ironcasting of long 1700-2000mm, wide 350-400mm, high 500-550mm; Described streak refractory brickwork is arranged on destructive distillation room periphery, wide 120-130mm, and 1/3 body of heater height from bottom of furnace body is entity streak refractory brickwork, and all the other bodies of heater of 2/3 are fancy streak refractory brickwork; Described combustion chamber is around destructive distillation room, and flow deflector is staggered in the both sides, front and back of combustion chamber; Described feeding device comprises hopper, baiting valve, surge chamber, fender valve, opening for feed; Described drawing mechanism comprises outlet, rotary gate, pond, rake lift, moulded coal conveying belt, pond is located at the below of the outlet of destructive distillation room, rake lift is provided with in the side of pond middle outlet, the bottom in pond is the slope that exit is high, rake lift place is low, is provided with moulded coal conveying conveying belt outside low side limit, pond; Described initial heating stove comprises heating chamber, deashing chamber, fire grate and air outlet.

2. thermojunction moulded coal gas retort according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ironcasting of described formation destructive distillation room, when vertical block connects, arranges the asbestos layer of one deck 100-150mm between ironcasting.

3. thermojunction moulded coal gas retort according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, flow deflector in described combustion chamber 1800-1900mm At The Height from bottom of furnace body establishes the first layer, then raises 1500-1600mm and establish the second layer, then often raises 1000-1100mm and arranges one deck.