CN105409932A - 一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂及其制备方法，涉及移栽水稻田一年生杂草防治技术领域。由1份五氟磺草胺、30份丙草胺、3份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、5份苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、0.5份黄原胶、0.3份苯甲酸钠、0.5份消泡剂以及59.7份去离子水制成。将原料抽入配制釜混合搅拌后经胶体磨初研磨，再经砂磨机细磨，取样分析，合格后过滤、计量、包装、入库。本发明以1：30配比混用所复配的31％时的五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，可起到明显增效作用范围，而其它配比混用的制剂，均无法达到明显增效作用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及移栽水稻田一年生杂草防治技术领域，具体是涉及一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，现有的用于如稗草、鸭舌草、碎米莎草、异型莎草等移栽水稻田一年生杂草防治的除草组合物，例如中国专利“CN104872131A”公开了一种“含有环磺酮和丙草胺的除草组合物”，其中有效活性成分为环磺酮和丙草胺，两者的配比为0.1％～80％：0.1％～80％。另有中国专利“CN104012565A”公开了一种“含有氟吡磺隆和丙草胺的除草组合物”，其中有效活性成分为氟吡磺隆和丙草胺，两者的配比为1：5～5：1。
发明人经过长期试验验证，该上述几种除草组合物主要存在如下缺陷：
1)、通过对上述几种除草组合物公开的几种具体配比进行试验，发现对如稗草、鸭舌草、碎米莎草、异型莎草等移栽水稻田一年生杂草无法起到良好的防治效果。
2)、针对上述几种除草组合物所公开的几种剂型，经过试验验证发现均存在不同问题的缺陷。例如，制成的可分散油悬浮剂容易引起产品粘结，不易在水中分散悬浮，或堵塞喷头，在喷雾器中道理沉淀等现象，造成喷洒不匀，易使作物局部产生药害，其主要原因在于助剂和填料的选择均存在不同的缺陷。
3)、复配问题，通过对上述几种除草组合物公开的几种具体配比进行毒力试验、热贮稳定性试验以及共毒系数测定发现，均无法达到明显的增效作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，该可分散油悬浮剂设计合理，对如稗草、鸭舌草、碎米莎草、异型莎草等移栽水稻田一年生杂草的防治效果佳，且可实现五氟磺草胺和丙草胺的明显增效作用。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，由以下重量份的组分制成：
五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)中文商品名为稻杰，是由美国陶氏益农公司所开发的苗后用除草剂，它是三唑并嘧啶磺酰胺除草剂，通过抑制乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)而起作用。为目前稻田用广谱除草剂，其为内吸传导型除草剂，经茎叶、幼芽及根系吸收，通过木质部和韧皮部传导至分生组织，抑制植株生长，使生长点失绿，处理后7～14天顶芽变红、坏死，2～4周植株死亡。可有效防除稗草、一年生莎草科杂草，并对众多阔叶杂草有效，持效期长达30～60天，一次用药能基本控制全季杂草危害。
丙草胺(Pretilachlor)是具有高选择性的水稻田专用除草剂，属2-氯化乙酰替苯胺类除草剂，是细胞分裂抑制剂，主要用于防除禾本科杂草，适用于水稻防除稗草、光头稗、千金子、牛筋草、牛毛毡、窄叶泽泻、水苋菜、马唐、丁香蓼等1年生禾本科和阔叶杂草。
本发明的五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，其有益效果表现在：
1)、本发明制备的可分散油悬浮剂在悬浮率、湿筛试验等以及热贮稳定性等方面均明显优于其他配比所制备的产品。
2)、通过实验验证，五氟磺草胺和丙草胺以1：30配比混用所复配的31％时的五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，可起到明显增效作用范围，而其它配比混用的制剂，均无法达到明显增效作用范围。同时，不同配比的实际毒性并未随着理论毒性的增强而提升，实际毒性和理论毒性之间并无有规律性的变化。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂的制备方法，将原料抽入配制釜混合搅拌后经胶体磨初研磨，再经砂磨机细磨，取样分析，合格后过滤、计量、包装、入库。
本发明的五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂的制备方法，制备工艺较为简便，易于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例，对本发明进行较为详细的说明。但是，实施例内容仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的构思或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
一、五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂的制备，以及各实施例所制备的可分散油悬浮剂的各项技术指标的检测结果、热贮稳定性试验结果。
实施例1
31％五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，各组分及其重量份如下：
| 成分 | 重量份 |
| 五氟磺草胺 | 1 |
| 丙草胺 | 30 |
| 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 | 3 |
| 苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚 | 5 |
| 黄原胶 | 0.5 |
| 苯甲酸钠 | 0.3 |
| 消泡剂 | 0.5 |
| 去离子水 | 59.7 |
制备方法：将原料抽入配制釜混合搅拌后经胶体磨初研磨，再经砂磨机细磨，取样分析，合格后过滤、计量、包装、入库。
实施例2
31.5％五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，各组分及其重量份如下：
| 成分 | 重量份 |
| 五氟磺草胺 | 1.5 |
| 丙草胺 | 30 |
| 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 | 3 |
| 苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚 | 5 |
| 黄原胶 | 0.5 |
| 苯甲酸钠 | 0.3 |
| 消泡剂 | 0.5 |
| 去离子水 | 59.2 |
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
32％五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，各组分及其重量份如下：
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
30.5％五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，各组分及其重量份如下：
| 成分 | 重量份 |
| 五氟磺草胺 | 1 |
| 丙草胺 | 29.5 |
| 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 | 3 |
| 苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚 | 5 |
| 黄原胶 | 0.5 |
| 苯甲酸钠 | 0.3 |
| 消泡剂 | 0.5 |
| 去离子水 | 60.2 |
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
30％五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，各组分及其重量份如下：
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例1～5所制备的五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，产品各项技术指标的检测结果如表1所示，产品热贮稳定性试验结果如表2所示。
表15个实施例制备产品各项技术指标的检测结果
表25个实施例制备产品热贮稳定性试验结果
通过表1和2可以看出，实施例1制备的产品在悬浮率、湿筛试验等以及热贮稳定性等方面均明显优于其他实施例所制备的产品。
二、毒理学资料
五氟磺草胺：大鼠急性经口LD50＞5000mg/kg，兔急性经皮LD50＞5000mg/kg，大鼠急性吸入LC50(4h)＞3.5mg/L，对眼睛和皮肤有极轻微刺激性。
丙草胺：大鼠急性经口LD50为6099mg/kg，大鼠急性经皮LD50＞3100mg/kg，急性吸入LC50(4h)＞5.2mg/L，鱼毒较高，鲤鱼LC50为9.8mg/kg。
三、五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂的室内生物活性(毒力)测定。
1试验目的
采用盆栽试验法方法测定了五氟磺草胺和丙草胺对稗草、鸭舌草、碎米莎草和异型莎草的生物活性，为两者的合理混用及生产中的配比选择提供科学依据。
2试验条件
2.1供试材料
稗草[Echinochloscrusgalli)]：安徽美兰农业发展股份有限公司实验室田间收集种子保存；
鸭舌草(Monochoriavaginalis(Burm.f.)PreslexKunth.)：安徽美兰农业发展股份有限公司实验室田间收集种子保存。
碎米莎草[Cyperusiria(L.)]：安徽美兰农业发展股份有限公司实验室田间收集种子保存。
异型莎草(Cyperusdifformis)：安徽美兰农业发展股份有限公司实验室田间收集种子保存。
2.2试验药剂
98％五氟磺草胺(Penoxsulam)原药，安徽美兰农业发展股份有限公司提供；
95％丙草胺(Pretilachlor)原药，安徽美兰农业发展股份有限公司提供。
2.3试验配比处理
按照实施例1-5配比进行设计。
2.4处理方式
2.4.1药剂对稗草的活性试验
稗草种子浸种催芽后点播于装有泥土的截面积0.25m2的盆内，每盆播100粒，温室内培养至稗草1叶1心期进行处理。用POTTER精密实验室喷雾塔喷施药液，喷液量为每处理50ml，药后保持土壤湿润，并设清水空白对照。每处理重复4次，药后20天称取各处理稗草地上部分鲜重，计算各处理地上部分生长的抑制百分率和残存稗草为对照的百分数，用Gowing法评价二者混用对稗草的联合作用类型。混用除草剂的实际防效按以下公式计算：
E0＝X+Y(100-X)/100
式中：X为丙草胺用量为P时对稗草的鲜重防效；
Y为五氟磺草胺用量为Q是对稗草的鲜重防效；
E0为丙草胺用量为P时对稗草的鲜重防效+五氟磺草胺用量为Q是对稗草的鲜重防效；
E为混用除草剂的实际防效。
E-E0＞10％为增效作用；E-E0＜-10％为拮抗作用；E-E0值介于理论值±10％为加成作用。
2.4.2药剂对鸭舌草的活性试验
鸭舌草种子浸种后催芽后点播于装有泥土的截面积0.25m2的盆内，其余同2.4.1。
2.4.3药剂对碎米莎草的活性试验
碎米莎草种子浸种后催芽后点播于装有泥土的截面积0.25m2的盆内，其余同2.4.1。
2.4.4药剂对异型莎草的活性试验
异型莎草种子浸种后催芽后点播于装有泥土的截面积0.25m2的盆内，其余同2.4.1。
3结果分析与讨论
实施例1-5共5个不同复配比例的混剂对稗草的E-E0值依次为22.05％，2.65％，3.35％，2.21％，1.80％；对鸭舌草的E-E0值依次为21.20％，2.50％，3.60％，2.55％，1.80％；对碎米莎草的E-E0值分别为23.52％，2.50％，3.30％，2.05％，1.45％；对异型莎草的E-E0值依次为24.05％，3.25％，3.55％，2.35％，1.85％；从而说明了实施例1的复配比例的联合作用属于明显加成增效作用，而其他实施例的联合作用基本属于加成作用。
Claims (2)
1.一种五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份的组分制成：
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述五氟磺草胺和丙草胺复配可分散油悬浮剂的方法，其特征在于：将原料抽入配制釜混合搅拌后经胶体磨初研磨，再经砂磨机细磨，取样分析，合格后过滤、计量、包装、入库。
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