CN1053927C - Manufacturing method of iron-aluminium alloy wire material and use - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for manufacturing iron-aluminum-based alloy wire, which involves the manufacture of intermetallic compound alloy wire, and the manufacture of sintered wire mesh microporous filter material based on this, which is applied to the purification and filtration of high-temperature oxidation and sulfur-containing corrosive mixed gases In the process of dedusting _and dedusting, the main feature is that iron, aluminum and other trace elements are smelted in a vacuum smelting furnace at the same time according to a certain percentage. Then use high temperature swaging or hot rolling to make 2-10mm Fe ₃ Al wires, and finally use medium temperature drawing to make 0.01-1mm Fe ₂ Al filaments. The invention has simple process and low cost.

Description

A kind of manufacture method of iron-aluminium alloy wire material

The present invention relates to the Manufacturing approach and use of intermetallic alloy silk material, be specially adapted to Fe ₃Al base intermetallic compound alloy wire, and the sintering silk screen poromerics of corrosive atmospheres such as high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant and sulfuration based on this and the manufacturing of dusty gas purification filtering element.

High temperature gas cleaning dust removal by filtration technology is one of new and high technology of competitively developing of countries in the world, and it all has very important social and economic significance for making full use of with environment protection etc. of the energy.At present, water loss is big, investment is high, heat-energy losses is serious and sewage disposal is difficult will be to problems such as environment pollute because the high-temperature gas wet dedusting technology of using in a large number in the industrial system exist, existing eliminate gradually and by the displaced trend of dry gas cleaning system [" Steel Plant's principle of design first volume ", the Zhang Shuxun chief editor, metallurgical industry press, 1994].In the dry gas cleaning technology, electrostatic precipitation, bag-type dust and poromerics dust removal by filtration are three main developing direction.Wherein the electrostatic dust removing method investment is higher, operation of equipment is complicated, the technology operation stability is not high, use temperature only can reach about 500 ℃, restricted big [Chinese patent ZL91102494.8].It is low that bag-type dust then exists use temperature, the cloth bag intensity difference, be easy to problems such as breakage, need dispose complicated cooling and temperature controlling system during use, and filtration velocity is low, floor space is big, cause bigger waste [" blast furnace gas cloth bag dedusting and pebble stove technology and development ", high definition act, the Tu Jiwei chief editor of sensible heat, editorial office of The Chinese Society for Metals's " iron and steel ", 1991].Therefore, the filtering technique based on high strength, resistant to elevated temperatures metal or ceramic post sintering poromerics is considered to the most promising developing direction of high temperature gas cleaning dedusting from now on [" combustion gas coal gas high-temperature filter ", Ding Guishan etc., iron and steel, 1991,10].

In recent years, a kind of novel sintered metal mesh poromerics, because porous nickel is stable, good penetrability, intensity height, resistance are little, and excellent cleaning and regeneration performance is arranged, and has obtained developing comparatively rapidly in filtering exploitation of high temperature gas cleaning and application facet.Yet the sintered metal mesh poromerics adopts stainless steel usually, when the medium-term and long-term use of high temperature oxidation or vulcanized gas more than 600 ℃, is easy to produce oxidation plug-hole and serious sulphur corrosion.Adopt the superalloy web material, though can solve or alleviate high temperature oxidation and sulfur corrosion problem, cost is too high, neither thorough feasible solution [" exploitation of sintered metal mesh porous material and application ", Fang Yucheng etc., a steel research journal, 1994,6 (supplementary issues)].

As everyone knows, Fe ₃The Al base intermetallic compound is considered to resistance to high temperature oxidation and the most superior alloy material of sulphur corrosion.Under simple oxidizing atmosphere, Fe ₃The Al base intermetallic compound is less than 1.5mg/cm at the oxidation weight gain under 950 ℃, after 800 hours ²And the oxidation weight gain of 1Cr13 stainless steel after 10 hours just reached 24.9mg/cm in same temperature atmosphere ², the oxidation weight gain after 79 hours is then up to 105.7mg/cm ²[people such as Yang Wangyue, " corrosion science and guard technology ", 1994,6].In simple vulcanized gas, Fe ₃Al is under 800 ℃, sulphur content are pressed atmosphere less than 1Pa, and the sulfuration rate only is 1mg ²/ cm ⁴.h.And have under the mixed atmosphere of oxidation, sulphur corrosion Fe at the same time ₃The resistance to corrosion of Al is more outstanding.Under 800 ℃, H ₂S-H ₂-H ₂In the O mixed atmosphere, Fe ₃The oxidation weight gain of Al is still not obvious later at 300 hours, and the 310SS stainless steel within 20 hours just up to 5mg/cm ²In other corrosive medium, CaSO is arranged in addition such as surface deposition ₄Or under the situation of molten nitrate, Fe ₃The high-temperature corrosion-resistance ability of Al intermetallic compound in oxidation, vulcanized gas all is better than anti-sulphur stainless steel (C.G.Mckameyet al., J.Mater.Res., 6,1779, (1991)) greatly.

Compared with other anticorrosive stainless steel or superalloy, Fe ₃Al also has and does not comprise the alloying element (as Cr, Ni etc.) with strategic importance, low-cost advantage, and density is low, intensity is high.Thereby its specific tenacity height, be the very interested materials of people always.Yet, Fe ₃The Al material is also effectively used at present, and most important reason is that its temperature-room type plasticity is not high, fragility is bigger, and makes processing difficulties.Recently, by the researchist to Fe ₃The exploration of Al room temperature fragility mechanism and to the research of temperature-room type plasticity enhancement method, by alloying and heat treating method, Fe ₃The plasticity of Al base alloy is greatly improved, and can carry out processing such as general machining and bending, grinding, at present Fe ₃The processing approach of Al finished product at first is with melting, is cast into behind the ingot again in 800-1000 ℃ of hot rolling or forge hot, at last in 600-800 ℃ of warm-rolling or warm forging [" PRODUCTION OF Fe ₃Al BASED INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS ", V.K.SIKKA,＜High-temperature ordered Intemnetallic alloys IV. 〉, MRS.Symp.Proc., Vol213, PP907-912, (1991)], but because Fe ₃Fragility under the Al room temperature, the preliminary work hardening rate height, the someone thinks Fe ₃Al can not successfully cold rolling and drawing [" MELTI NG; CASTI NG ANDPROCESSING OF NICKEL AND IRON ALOMINIPES ", V.K.SIKKS,＜High-temperature ordered Intemnetallic alloys VI 〉, MRS.symp.Proc, Vol364, PP873-878, (1995)].

The invention provides a kind of Fe ₃The manufacture method of Al base alloy wire has not only changed Fe ₃The not precedented present situation of Al base alloy wire preparation, and technology is simple, cost is low, and with Fe ₃Al silk material is made porous filter material, is applied to high temperature oxidation, in the purification and dust removal by filtration process of corrodibility mixed gass such as sulfur-bearing.

Based on the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

At first adopt industrial pure material iron; aluminium and other trace alloying element place the vacuum induction melting furnace melting simultaneously by certain weight percent; also can be for reducing cost at first with the iron filings melting under air atmosphere; and simultaneously aerating oxygen and argon gas with decarburization; desulfurization makes composition reach requirement, adds other trace alloying element composition afterwards, the aluminium ingot that is preheating to 300-500 ℃ is added again; feed argon gas or nitrogen protection melting, directly adopt the method for horizontal casting to produce Fe after the melting ₃Explained hereafter wire rods such as the Al alloy bar material is avoided the ingot casting cogging, and is rolling, so that technology is further simplified, cost further reduces, the Fe that obtains ₃The Al bar adopts high temperature rotary swaging or hot rolled method to smash the tissue under the as cast condition, make grain refining and the axle shape such as be, so that the middle temperature drawing of back, make bar produce certain compression ratio simultaneously, to satisfy drawing process to billet size and performance demands, key of the present invention is the Fe after rotary swaging or the hot rolling ₃The method of warm drawing was made filament during the Al alloy bar material adopted.

Technology of the present invention comprises raw material preparation, melting, forging or hot-rolled process, and its characteristics are: adopt the horizontal casting mode to form Fe after the A melting ₃Al base alloy bar material, B, forging or rolling after, warm drawing procedure in adopting is again made Fe ₃Al base alloy wire, concrete process and parameter division are as follows:

1. raw material is prepared: according to alloying constituent proportioning (weight %) Al: 10～20%, and trace alloying element Cr, Mo, B, Nb, Ce, TiB ₂In right amount, all the other are Fe, prepare raw material;

2. melting: above-mentioned ready raw material is placed the vacuum smelting furnace melting simultaneously, and smelting temperature is between 1500～1800 ℃, and smelting time is 3～10 minutes.Form the Fe that diameter is 8～30mm with the horizontal casting mode then ₃Al base alloy bar material is handled described bar homogenizing between 900～1200 ℃ 5～24 hours;

3. high temperature forging or rolling: above-mentioned bar is rotated between 1200～700 ℃ forges or hot rolling, obtain the Fe that diameter is 2～10mm ₃Al base alloy wire.Cogging is swaged or is got upper temperature limit when rolling, the cogging that through total draught is 50～95% swage or hot rolling after, suitably reduce temperature, Reduction per draft gets 10～30%;

4. warm drawing in: above-mentioned wire rod is carried out drawing, and the temperature range of drawing is between 900～400 ℃, and Reduction per draft gets 5～40%, and capping when rough, finished product take off limit when drawing.Obtain the Fe of 0.01～1mm after the drawing ₃Al base alloy wire.Silk material oil quenching can obtain better room temperature characteristic, makes subsequent technique be convenient to carry out.

Adopt above-mentioned drawing process, can guarantee that the silk material after the drawing has a large amount of B of reservation ₂The flaky grain structure of elongation layer of phase, and such grain structure is to Fe ₃The mechanical property of Al base alloy is the most favourable.Because Fe ₃Al is undergoing phase transition more than 540 ℃, by the DO under the room temperature ₃B in changing into mutually under the temperature ₂Phase, and changing the α phase more than 760 ℃ into, this under the middle high temperature organized for two kinds all has sufficient plasticity, so that the deformation processing of alloy is carried out.

The Fe that makes with aforesaid method ₃Al base alloy wire can be made into sintering silk screen poromerics and filtering element through technologies such as netting, distribution, rolling, vacuum sinterings, is applied in the purification filtering and dust removal process or system of corrodibility mixed gass such as high temperature oxidation, sulfur-bearing.

Compared with prior art, Fe among the present invention ₃The successful preparation of Al base alloy wire, and with poromerics and filtering element that described material is basis production, be applied in the dust removal and filtration of corrodibility mixed gass such as 400～1000 ℃ of high temperature oxidations, sulfuration, have following comparatively significant advantage:

1. successfully make Fe ₃Al dual alloy billet filament has remedied Fe ₃The blank of Al base alloy threadlet goods is not only laid a good foundation Fe for the preparation of sintering silk screen micropore filter material ₃Al base alloy wire itself also has many potential purposes, as electrical heating element, welding wire or the like;

2. produce Fe with the present invention ₃Al base alloy wire, owing to adopted vacuum melting or antivacuum smelting, technologies such as horizontal casting are simplified whole process flow, and manufacturing cost are reduced significantly.Simultaneously, make Fe because high temperature is swaged, the reasonable selection of hot rolling, middle temperature drawing process parameter ₃The preparation of Al filament is achieved, and makes the filament of preparation have best microstructure and mechanical property;

3. adopt Fe of the present invention ₃Al base alloy threadlet prepares sintering silk screen micropore filter material, is used for the udst separation of 400～1000 ℃ of high temperature oxidations and corrodibility dusty gas, and not only running resistance is low, and stable technical process is easy to the blowback cleaning and regeneration.And anti-corrosion effects is remarkable, and long-time the use can be because of plug-hole or pass variation take place in corrosion yet, and improve work-ing life greatly;

4. use Fe ₃The microporous filter element that Al base alloy threadlet makes is in dust removal and filtration is used, because the high temperature of ability up to 1000 ℃, and the intensity height, it is big to bear pressure reduction, smooth surface, and it is less that wind speed is reduced, thereby can save a large amount of sensible heats energy and pressure energy.And need not subsidiary humidity control system, few electricity consumption, water consumption not, these all are that existing dedusting device such as bag-type dust and electrostatic precipitation etc. are incomparable.

Embodiment:

Make Fe with the method for the invention ₃Three batches of Al base alloy threadlets.The chemical ingredients of three batches of alloys sees Table 1, and process system and dimensions see Table 2.With above-mentioned three crowdes of Fe ₃Al base alloy threadlet is made sintering silk screen microporous filter element through operations such as netting, distribution, rolling, vacuum sinterings, is applied in the dedusting of blast furnace gas, and the performance index that showed see Table 3.The test environment of these performance index is analog blast furnace coal gas atmosphere, wherein CO ₂: 22.05%, CO:18.87%, N ₂: 56.22%, remain and be CH ₄, SO ₂, H ₂S, 800 ℃ of temperature.

Table 1. chemical ingredients (weight %)

The composition lot number	Al	Cr	Mo	B	Nb	Ce	TiB 2	Fe
									1	15.9	2.2	-	0.01	-	-	-	Surplus
2	15.9	5.5	-	0.01	-	-	-	Surplus
									3	15.9	5.5	-	-	1.0	-	-	Surplus

Table 2. process system and specification

Table 3. filtering element system index

Claims (1)

1, a kind of Fe ₃The manufacture method of Al base alloy wire comprises raw material preparation, melting, casting, forging or rolling process, it is characterized in that: adopt the horizontal casting mode to form Fe after A, the melting ₃Al base alloy bar material; After B, forging or the rolling process, warm drawing procedure is made Fe in the process again ₃Al base alloy wire, wherein the temperature range of drawing is between 900-400 ℃, and Reduction per draft is got 5-40%, capping when rough, finished product takes off limit when drawing, and obtains the Fe of 0.01-1mm after the drawing ₃Al base alloy wire.