CN105372463B - Capacitance grading formula compact impulse voltage generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator, which comprises a sealed casing, an arc-shaped cover plate, a basin-type insulator and lead wires, a charging transformer, a charging capacitor, and a first high-voltage silicon stack arranged in the sealed casing , the second high-voltage silicon stack, the first front-end pulse capacitor, the second front-end pulse capacitor, the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the first rear-end pulse capacitor, the second rear-end pulse capacitor, the second One back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, first wave head resistance, second wave head resistance, third wave head resistance, fourth wave head resistance, first wave tail resistance, second wave Tail resistor, third wave tail resistor, fourth wave tail resistor, first charging resistor, second charging resistor, third charging resistor and fourth charging resistor. The invention effectively utilizes the inner space of the sealed shell and further reduces the size requirement of the sealed shell.

Description

Capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of high voltage test and insulation, in particular to a capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator.

Background technique

In the prior art, the impulse voltage generator generally adopts an open tower structure, and the impulse test voltage is output through the high-voltage lead-out terminal and the overhead busbar. However, because this kind of generating device uses air with poor insulation as the main insulating medium, it is bulky, the cost of separate transportation is high, and the workload of on-site installation is large, so it is not easy to carry out the on-site insulation characteristic test of substation equipment. In addition, because the device is exposed to the air, it is greatly affected by the external environment such as air pressure, temperature and humidity, and is prone to self-discharge and has poor stability.

In view of the above problems, the Chinese patent publication No. CN103308736A proposes a "Small Integrated Steep Front Pulse Generator", which includes a fuel tank and an oil-immersed impulse voltage generator suspended inside the fuel tank through cable-stayed insulating brackets. This solution reduces the volume of the device to a certain extent, and avoids the influence of the external environment on the performance of the device. However, the oil-immersed design also greatly increases the weight of the test device; moreover, the single-ended outlet capacitor also limits the voltage level of the capacitor body, resulting in an increase in the number of components such as capacitors required by the test device and increased installation complexity.

The Chinese patent with the publication number CN104459235 proposes a "Compact Enclosed Gas-Insulated Impulse Voltage Generator", which uses high-insulation gas as the main insulating medium, which greatly reduces the volume and weight of the test device. Because the output voltage of the high-voltage end of the impact device is very high, and the insulation distance between the high-voltage end pulse and the shell is limited, a large number of insulating parts need to be installed, and the internal volume of the test device is small, so it is impossible to use hoisting equipment, so the internal frame insulation bracket, and shielding It is difficult to install and fix insulating parts and other components; moreover, after long-term operation, moisture will enter the interior, and the internal gas will be dried by the circulation drying scheme, but due to the slow diffusion of moisture in the insulation material, the gas circulation will dry the frame-type insulation bracket and high-voltage shielding Insulation dries poorly.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a capacitor graded compact impulse voltage generator, the impulse voltage generator adopts a fully enclosed structure, filled with high insulating performance gas as the main insulating medium, and shortens the distance between electrodes, reducing the The requirements for the creepage distance of components such as capacitors and insulators are met, thereby effectively reducing the volume and weight of the device; at the same time, according to the characteristics of different voltages at all levels when the voltage output of the impact device is different, a hierarchical design scheme is adopted to effectively use the internal space of the generator, not only It can reduce the number of internal insulating parts and brackets, and further reduce the volume and weight of the device; in terms of support and fixation, the double-terminal insulator support structure is adopted, which continuously increases the earthquake resistance and improves the production efficiency of the test device. Moisture absorption of the inner insulating material is prevented.

In order to achieve this purpose, the capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator designed by the present invention includes a sealed casing, an arc cover plate, a pot insulator and lead wires, and a charging transformer, a charging capacitor, and a charging transformer arranged in the sealed casing. The first high-voltage silicon stack, the second high-voltage silicon stack, the first front-end pulse capacitor, the second front-end pulse capacitor, the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the first rear-end pulse capacitor, the second rear End pulse capacitor, the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the first wave head resistance, the second wave head resistance, the third wave head resistance, the fourth wave head resistance, the first wave tail Resistor, second wave-tail resistance, third wave-tail resistance, fourth wave-tail resistance, first charging resistor, second charging resistor, third charging resistor and fourth charging resistor;

Wherein, an air-filling hole is provided on the sealed casing, and an arc-shaped cover plate is sealed and installed at one end of the sealed casing, and a pot insulator is sealed and installed at the other end of the sealed casing. There is a terminal box on the curved cover;

The charging transformer is installed at one end of the sealed casing, the secondary end of the charging transformer is connected to the positive pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack through the charging capacitor, the primary of the charging transformer is connected to the terminal of the terminal box, and the negative pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack is connected to One end of the first charging resistor, the other end of the first charging resistor is connected to one end of the second charging resistor, the other end of the second charging resistor is connected to one end of the third charging resistor, the other end of the third charging resistor is connected to the fourth charging resistor One end, the other end of the fourth charging resistor is connected to one end of the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap, the other end of the charging transformer secondary is connected to one end of the first wave head resistor, and the other end of the first wave head resistor is connected to the first wave tail One end of the resistor, the other end of the first wave tail resistor is connected to one end of the second wave head resistor, the other end of the second wave head resistor is connected to one end of the second wave tail resistor, and the other end of the second wave tail resistor is connected to the third wave end resistor One end of the head resistor, the other end of the third wave head resistor is connected to one end of the third wave tail resistor, the other end of the third wave tail resistor is connected to one end of the fourth wave head resistor, and the other end of the fourth wave head resistor is connected to the fourth wave head resistor One end of the wave-tail resistor and the other end of the fourth wave-tail resistor are connected to the other end of the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, and the other end of the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap is also connected to a lead wire, which passes through the basin type The wiring hole on the insulator protrudes out of the sealed casing;

The negative pole of the second high-voltage silicon stack is connected to the positive pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack, the positive pole of the second high-voltage silicon stack is grounded, and the first front-end pulse is connected between the other end of the first charging resistor and the other end of the first wave head resistor. A capacitor, the other end of the first charging resistor and the other end of the first wave tail resistor are connected to the two ends corresponding to the first front end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the other end of the second charging resistor and the other end of the second wave head resistor The second front-end pulse capacitor is connected between the other end of the second charging resistor and the other end of the second wave tail resistor. The other end of the head resistor is connected to the first back-end pulse capacitor, the other end of the third charging resistor is connected to the other end of the third wave-tail resistor to the two ends corresponding to the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, and the fourth charging A second back-end pulse capacitor is connected between the other end of the resistor and the other end of the fourth wave head resistor.

In the above technical solution, it also includes a plurality of supporting insulators, the charging capacitor, the second high-voltage silicon stack, the first front-end pulse capacitor, the second front-end pulse capacitor, the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball The gap, the first rear-end pulse capacitor, the second rear-end pulse capacitor, the first rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap and the second rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap are all fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the sealed shell through corresponding supporting insulators.

The capacitance between the first front-end pulse capacitor and the second front-end pulse capacitor is equal, the capacitance between the first rear-end pulse capacitor and the second rear-end pulse capacitor is equal, and the capacitance of the first front-end pulse capacitor The capacitance is 2 to 3 times that of the first back-end pulse capacitor.

The ball gap between the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap and the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap is equal, the ball gap between the first rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap and the second rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap is equal, The ball gap of the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap is 1.5 to 2 times the ball gap of the first front multi-pole ignition ball gap.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The sealed casing of the present invention is filled with high-insulating performance gas (sulfur hexafluoride), which reduces the creepage of components and insulating materials and the insulation distance between electrodes; Due to the different characteristics of the voltage, the design scheme of the hierarchical structure is adopted, that is, a large-capacity pulse capacitor and a small-gap multi-pole ignition ball gap are used in the low-voltage area, and a small-capacity pulse capacitor and a large-gap ignition ball gap are used in the high-voltage area. The insulation distance between the components is distributed in steps according to the voltage level, which effectively utilizes the inner space of the sealed casing and further reduces the size requirements for the sealed casing (the impact of the design of the present invention is compared with the scheme with the publication number CN104459235, and there is no need to install high voltage The insulating shielding plate improves the work efficiency, saves the space for installing the support for the shielding plate, and avoids the problem of insulation drop caused by the shielding plate being damp). In addition, the components in the present invention are supported at both ends by non-moisture-absorbing support insulators, and the insulators are all installed on the bottom surface, which not only avoids the problem of difficulty in hanging and hoisting during the installation of components, but also improves the shock resistance of the test device .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view (increasing metal support) that the first front-end pulse capacitor is installed in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view (increasing metal support) that the first back-end pulse capacitor is installed among the present invention;

Among them, 1—sealed shell, 2—curved cover plate, 3—basin insulator, 3.1—wiring hole, 4—charging transformer, 5—charging capacitor, 6.1—the first high-voltage silicon stack, 6.2—the second high-voltage silicon stack Stack, 7.1—the first front-end pulse capacitor, 7.2—the second front-end pulse capacitor, 8.1—the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, 8.2-the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, 9.1—the first rear-end pulse capacitor, 9.2—the first Two back-end pulse capacitors, 10.1—the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, 10.2—the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap, 11.1—the first wave head resistance, 11.2—the second wave head resistance, 11.3—the third wave head Resistance, 11.4—the fourth wave head resistance, 12.1—the first wave end resistance, 12.2—the second wave end resistance, 12.3—the third wave end resistance, 12.4—the fourth wave end resistance, 13.1—the first charging resistance, 13.2 - second charging resistor, 13.3 - third charging resistor, 13.4 - fourth charging resistor, 14 - supporting insulator, 15 - lead-out wire, 16 - air filling hole, 17 - metal bracket, 18 - insulating bracket, 19 - terminal box .

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

An embodiment provided by the present invention is a compact sealed gas-insulated impulse voltage generator with a hierarchical structure design, which is fully enclosed and filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas. Based on the structural design of sulfur hexafluoride gas as the main insulating medium, the impulse voltage generator adopts a hierarchical structure design according to the voltage of each level, so that the insulation distance between the shell and the components is distributed in a ladder-like distribution, and the effective use of The inner space of the sealed shell is improved; at the same time, the space for installing the support member of the shielding plate is saved, and the size requirement for the sealed shell is further reduced.

In addition, in this example, the vertically arranged components are supported at both ends by supporting insulators, and the insulators are all installed on the bottom surface, which not only avoids the problem of difficulty in hanging and hoisting during the installation of components, but also improves the shock resistance of the test device. Moreover, this structure avoids the use of insulating materials such as insulating cardboard and epoxy resin, and improves the ability of the test device to prevent moisture and corrosion of SF6 gas decomposition products.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator includes a sealed casing 1, an arc-shaped cover plate 2, a pot insulator 3, a lead wire 15, and a charging transformer 4 arranged in the sealed casing 1. , charging capacitor 5, first high-voltage silicon stack 6.1, second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2, first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1, second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2, first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1, second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2 , The first back-end pulse capacitor 9.1, the second back-end pulse capacitor 9.2, the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1, the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2, the first wave head resistance 11.1, the second wave head resistance 11.2 , the third wave head resistance 11.3, the fourth wave head resistance 11.4, the first wave end resistance 12.1, the second wave end resistance 12.2, the third wave end resistance 12.3, the fourth wave end resistance 12.4, the first charging resistance 13.1, the first wave end resistance Two charging resistors 13.2, a third charging resistor 13.3 and a fourth charging resistor 13.4;

Wherein, the sealed casing 1 is provided with an air-filling hole 16, and one end of the sealed casing 1 is sealed and installed with an arc-shaped cover plate 2 through a flange, and the other end of the sealed casing 1 is sealed and installed with a basin-type insulator 3, and the basin-type insulator 3 is provided with There are wiring holes 3.1, the sealed casing 1 is grounded, and the arc-shaped cover plate 2 is provided with a terminal box 19;

The charging transformer 4 is installed on one end of the sealed casing 1 through an insulating bracket 18, the secondary end of the charging transformer 4 is connected to the positive pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack 6.1 through the charging capacitor 5, and the primary of the charging transformer 4 is connected to the terminal box 19. Terminal (the primary of the charging transformer 4 is connected to an external power supply through the terminal box 19, the commercial power is 380V or 220V), the negative pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack 6.1 is connected to one end of the first charging resistor 13.1, and the other end of the first charging resistor 13.1 is connected to One end of the second charging resistor 13.2, the other end of the second charging resistor 13.2 is connected to one end of the third charging resistor 13.3, the other end of the third charging resistor 13.3 is connected to one end of the fourth charging resistor 13.4, the other end of the fourth charging resistor 13.4 Connect one end of the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2, the other end of the charging transformer 4 secondary is connected to one end of the first wave head resistor 11.1, and the other end of the first wave head resistor 11.1 is connected to one end of the first wave end resistor 12.1, The other end of the first wave tail resistance 12.1 is connected to one end of the second wave head resistance 11.2, the other end of the second wave head resistance 11.2 is connected to one end of the second wave tail resistance 12.2, and the other end of the second wave tail resistance 12.2 is connected to the third One end of the first wave resistance 11.3, the other end of the third wave head resistance 11.3 is connected to one end of the third wave end resistance 12.3, the other end of the third wave end resistance 12.3 is connected to one end of the fourth wave head resistance 11.4, the fourth wave head resistance The other end of 11.4 is connected to one end of the fourth wave tail resistance 12.4, and the other end of the fourth wave tail resistance 12.4 is connected to the other end of the second rear end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2, and the other end of the second rear end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 is also The lead wire 15 is connected, and the lead wire 15 passes through the wiring hole 3.1 on the pot insulator 3 and protrudes out of the sealed casing 1;

The negative pole of the second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2 is connected to the positive pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack 6.1, and the positive pole of the second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2 is grounded, between the other end of the first charging resistor 13.1 and the other end of the first wave head resistor 11.1 Connect the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1, connect the other end of the first charging resistor 13.1 and the other end of the first wave tail resistor 12.1 to the corresponding two ends of the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1, and connect the other end of the second charging resistor 13.2 The second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2 is connected between the other end of the second wave head resistance 11.2, and the second front end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2 is connected between the other end of the second charging resistance 13.2 and the other end of the second wave tail resistance 12.2. Connect the first back-end pulse capacitor 9.1 between the other end of the third charging resistor 13.3 and the other end of the third wave head resistor 11.3, the other end of the third charging resistor 13.3 and the other end of the third wave tail resistor 12.3 The two ends corresponding to the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1 are connected between one end, and the second back-end pulse capacitor 9.2 is connected between the other end of the fourth charging resistor 13.4 and the other end of the fourth wave head resistor 11.4.

In the above technical solution, it also includes a plurality of supporting insulators 14, the charging capacitor 5, the second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2, the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1, the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2, the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1, The second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2, the first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1, the second rear-end pulse capacitor 9.2, the first rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1 and the second rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 all pass through corresponding supporting insulators 14 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the sealed casing 1. Each supporting insulator 14 is a double-ended supporting insulator.

In the above technical solution, the capacitance between the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1 and the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2 is equal, and the capacitance between the first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1 and the second rear-end pulse capacitor 9.2 is equal , the capacitance of the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1 is 2 to 3 times that of the first back-end pulse capacitor 9.1, that is, the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1 and the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2 are large-capacity pulse capacitors, The first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1 and the second rear-end pulse capacitor 9.2 are all small-capacity pulse capacitors, the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1, the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2, the first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1 and the second rear-end pulse capacitor The voltage levels of 9.2 are the same.

In the above technical solution, the ball gaps between the first front multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1 and the second front multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2 are equal, and the first rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1 is equal to the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1. The ball gaps between the gaps 10.2 are equal, and the ball gap of the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 is 1.5 to 2 times that of the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1, that is, the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1 and the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2 are both small-gap multi-pole ignition ball gaps, and the ball gap is 10 mm, and the first rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1 and the second rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 are both large-gap multi-poles Fireball gap, ball gap is 15 mm.

In the above technical solution, the first high-voltage silicon stack 6.1 is vertically arranged horizontally, the second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2 is vertically arranged, and the charging transformer 4, charging capacitor 5, second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2, and the first front end Pulse capacitor 7.1, first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1, second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2, second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2, first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1, first rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1, second rear The end pulse capacitor 9.2 and the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 are sequentially arranged between one end and the other end of the sealed casing 1 .

In the above technical solution, the charging capacitor 5, the first high-voltage silicon stack 6.1, the second high-voltage silicon stack 6.2, the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1, the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2, the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1, the second The front multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2, the first back-end pulse capacitor 9.1, the second back-end pulse capacitor 9.2, the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1, the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 and the bottom surface and top of the sealed shell 1 Both faces and sides have gaps.

In the above technical solution, the first wave head resistance 11.1, the second wave head resistance 11.2, the third wave head resistance 11.3, the fourth wave head resistance 11.4, the first wave end resistance 12.1, the second wave end resistance 12.2, the second wave end resistance There are gaps between the three wave tail resistors 12.3, the fourth wave tail resistor 12.4, the first charging resistor 13.1, the second charging resistor 13.2, the third charging resistor 13.3, the fourth charging resistor 13.4 and the bottom, top and side surfaces of the sealed shell 1 .

In the above technical solution, the sealed casing 1 is a cylindrical sealed casing instead of a rectangular structure, and the arc-shaped cover plate 2 is an arc-shaped cover plate instead of a planar structure, which improves the maximum destructive capacity of the high-voltage test device. Pressure; the model of pot insulator 3 is determined according to the maximum output voltage of the impulse voltage generating device.

In the above technical solution, the first wave head resistance 11.1, the second wave head resistance 11.2, the third wave head resistance 11.3, the fourth wave head resistance 11.4, the first wave end resistance 12.1, the second wave end resistance 12.2, the second wave end resistance The three wave-tail resistors 12.3 and the fourth wave-tail resistors 12.4 are all cylindrical non-inductive resistors, and the first charging resistor 13.1, the second charging resistor 13.2, the third charging resistor 13.3 and the fourth charging resistor 13.4 are all rectangular resistance.

In the above technical solution, the air filling hole 16 is arranged on the top of the sealed casing 1 . This arrangement prevents the air hole 16 from being touched by mistake when the device is not in use.

In the above technical solution, the charging transformer 4 adopts a shell-out structure, that is, only the transformer body and lead wires are kept, which reduces the occupation of the internal space of the sealed shell 1 to the greatest extent.

The example that the present invention provides is the impulse voltage generator of 1200kV/120kJ, if according to the design scheme of traditional impulse voltage generator, the model of each stage capacitor is 300kV/0.667 μ F the voltage of each stage capacitor and the electric capacity equal now, each The volume and size of the capacitors are equal. In the design of the hierarchical compact impulse voltage generator, the voltage level of each capacitor is the same, while the capacitance decreases step by step. In practice of the present invention, the capacitances of the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1 and the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2 are both 1.25 μF, and the capacitances of the first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1 and the second rear-end pulse capacitor 9.2 are 0.455 μF. At this moment, the volume of the small-capacity pulse capacitor (the first rear-end pulse capacitor 9.1 and the second rear-end pulse capacitor 9.2) is about half that of the large-capacity pulse capacitor (the first front-end pulse capacitor 7.1 and the second front-end pulse capacitor 7.2), It is about 2/3 of the volume of the traditional 300kV/0.667μF capacitor.

In the above technical solution, the capacitance of each pulse capacitor is determined according to the insulation distance between the capacitors with different capacitances and the sealed casing 1 and the capacitor voltage level. For SF6 gas, according to the empirical formula of lightning impulse design voltage E _dt =75(10p) ^0.75 kV/cm, where p is air pressure (Mpa). Thereby draw the lightning impulse voltage that the sulfur hexafluoride gas of air pressure is 0.4MPa is 212.1kV at 1cm, 300kV insulation distance ≥ 1.5cm, 1200kV required insulation distance ≥ 6cm, consider the influence of other uncertain factors, in the present invention The distance between two adjacent capacitors is 5cm, and the distance between the top of the highest capacitor and the top of the sealed casing 1 is 25cm. This design ensures the insulation strength of the device under high voltage impact.

In the above technical solutions, the ignition ball gap also adopts a hierarchical design scheme, in which the small-gap multi-pole ignition ball gap (the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.1 and the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 8.2) adopts an ordinary 300kV closed multi-pole ignition ball The ball gap of the large gap ignition ball gap (the first rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.1 and the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2) is 1.5 to 2 times the ball gap of the small gap multi-pole ignition ball gap, so that the fire ball gap The number of internal tungsten-copper alloy rods is reduced by 1 to 2 times, and the size of the ignition ball gap will be reduced by more than 1 time. In the impulse voltage generator, when the ignition discharge occurs, as the number of stages increases, the voltage on both ends of the ignition ball gap will increase exponentially, thus ensuring the normal breakdown and discharge of the ignition ball gap.

In the above technical solutions, the capacitors are all designed with high-density energy storage technology, which improves the unit storage energy of the capacitor, fundamentally reduces the volume and weight of the capacitor itself, and thus reduces the overall volume of the test device; at the same time, it adopts a square structure. Outgoing, use the space in the sealed shell 1 to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the thickness of the capacitor and further reducing the length of the impulse voltage generating device; the ignition ball gaps adopt a closed gas insulation structure, and the ignition ball gaps are inflated in parallel before installation. Ensure that the air pressure in each ignition ball gap is the same, and each ignition device is equipped with an ignition trigger control system to ensure the consistency and synchronization of the ball gap ignition discharge;

In the above technical solution, the support insulators 14 are installed at the bottom of the sealed casing 1, and insulators of different insulation levels can be used according to the voltage level and insulation distance, such as support insulators for supporting charging capacitors and high-voltage silicon stacks. Ordinary insulator; the support insulator 14 used to support the second back-end pulse capacitor 9.2 and the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap 10.2 is made of insulating material made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the number of umbrella groups, the spacing between umbrellas, and the thickness of the umbrella shed etc. are determined according to the actual insulation requirements.

In the above technical solution, a metal bracket 17 is provided outside the sealed casing 1 for supporting and transporting the test device.

The graded compact impulse voltage generator disclosed by the present invention adopts a design scheme of a graded structure, so that the insulation distance between the casing and components is distributed in a step-like manner, and the installation voltage level is stepped, effectively utilizing the inner space of the sealed casing, and realizing the impulse voltage generator The extremely compact design; and the use of high-insulation performance gas as the main insulation medium reduces the creepage of components and insulating materials and the insulation distance between electrodes; moreover, the supporting insulators in this example are all installed in the sealed casing The bottom surface and the components are supported at both ends by non-moisture-absorbing support insulators, which not only avoids the problem of difficult hoisting during the installation of components, but also improves the shock resistance of the test device.

The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator is characterized in that: it comprises a sealed casing (1), an arc cover plate (2), a pot insulator (3) and a lead wire (15), and is arranged on Charging transformer (4), charging capacitor (5), first high-voltage silicon stack (6.1), second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2), first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1), second front-end pulse Capacitor (7.2), first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.1), second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.2), first rear-end pulse capacitor (9.1), second rear-end pulse capacitor (9.2), first rear End multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.1), second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2), first wave head resistance (11.1), second wave head resistance (11.2), third wave head resistance (11.3), fourth wave head resistance Wave head resistance (11.4), first wave end resistance (12.1), second wave end resistance (12.2), third wave end resistance (12.3), fourth wave end resistance (12.4), first charging resistance (13.1) , the second charging resistor (13.2), the third charging resistor (13.3) and the fourth charging resistor (13.4); Wherein, the air-inflating hole (16) is provided on the sealed shell (1), one end of the sealed shell (1) is sealed with an arc-shaped cover plate (2), and the other end of the sealed shell (1) is sealed with a pot insulator (3 ), the basin-type insulator (3) is provided with wiring holes (3.1), the sealed casing (1) is grounded, and the arc-shaped cover plate (2) is provided with a terminal box (19); The charging transformer (4) is installed at one end of the sealed casing (1), the secondary end of the charging transformer (4) is connected to the positive pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack (6.1) through the charging capacitor (5), and the charging transformer (4) The primary is connected to the terminal of the terminal box (19), the negative pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack (6.1) is connected to one end of the first charging resistor (13.1), and the other end of the first charging resistor (13.1) is connected to the second charging resistor ( 13.2), the other end of the second charging resistor (13.2) is connected to one end of the third charging resistor (13.3), the other end of the third charging resistor (13.3) is connected to one end of the fourth charging resistor (13.4), the fourth charging The other end of the resistance (13.4) is connected to one end of the second rear end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2), the other end of the charging transformer (4) secondary is connected to one end of the first wave head resistance (11.1), and the first wave head resistance ( The other end of 11.1) is connected to one end of the first wave end resistance (12.1), the other end of the first wave end resistance (12.1) is connected to one end of the second wave head resistance (11.2), and the other end of the second wave head resistance (11.2) One end is connected to one end of the second wave tail resistor (12.2), the other end of the second wave tail resistor (12.2) is connected to one end of the third wave head resistor (11.3), and the other end of the third wave head resistor (11.3) is connected to the third wave head resistor (11.3). One end of the wave tail resistance (12.3), the other end of the third wave tail resistance (12.3) is connected to one end of the fourth wave head resistance (11.4), and the other end of the fourth wave head resistance (11.4) is connected to the fourth wave end resistance ( 12.4), the other end of the fourth wave tail resistance (12.4) is connected to the other end of the second rear end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2), and the other end of the second rear end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2) is also connected to the lead wire (15), the lead wire (15) passes through the wiring hole (3.1) on the pot insulator (3) and protrudes out of the sealed casing (1); The negative pole of the second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2) is connected to the positive pole of the first high-voltage silicon stack (6.1), the positive pole of the second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2) is grounded, and the other end of the first charging resistor (13.1) is connected to the first wave The first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1) is connected between the other ends of the head resistor (11.1), and the first front-end multi-pole is connected between the other end of the first charging resistor (13.1) and the other end of the first tail resistor (12.1) The two ends corresponding to the fireball gap (8.1), the second front-end pulse capacitor (7.2) is connected between the other end of the second charging resistor (13.2) and the other end of the second wave head resistor (11.2), and the second charging resistor (13.2 ) and the other end of the second wave tail resistor (12.2) are connected to the two ends corresponding to the second front end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.2), and the other end of the third charging resistor (13.3) is connected to the third wave head resistor The first back-end pulse capacitor (9.1) is connected between the other ends of (11.3), and the first back-end multi-pole is connected between the other end of the third charging resistor (13.3) and the other end of the third wave tail resistor (12.3) The two ends corresponding to the fireball gap (10.1), the second back-end pulse capacitor (9.2) is connected between the other end of the fourth charging resistor (13.4) and the other end of the fourth wave head resistor (11.4). 2. The capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a plurality of supporting insulators (14), the charging capacitor (5), the second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2) , the first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1), the second front-end pulse capacitor (7.2), the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.1), the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.2), the first rear-end pulse capacitor (9.1) , the second back-end pulse capacitor (9.2), the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.1) and the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2) are all fixedly connected to the sealed casing (1) through corresponding support insulators (14) the inner bottom of the . 3. The capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the capacitance between the first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1) and the second front-end pulse capacitor (7.2) is equal , the capacitance between the first back-end pulse capacitor (9.1) and the second back-end pulse capacitor (9.2) is equal, and the capacitance of the first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1) is equal to that of the first back-end pulse capacitor ( 9.1) 2 to 3 times the capacitance capacity. 4. The capacitive graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: between the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.1) and the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.2) The ball gaps are equal, the ball gaps between the first rear multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.1) and the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2) are equal, and the second rear multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2) The ball gap is 1.5 to 2 times the ball gap of the first front end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.1). 5. The capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1), the second front-end pulse capacitor (7.2), the first rear-end pulse capacitor ( 9.1) and the voltage level of the second back-end pulse capacitor (9.2) are the same. 6. The capacitor graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the first high-voltage silicon stack (6.1) is vertically and horizontally arranged, and the second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2) Arranged vertically, the charging transformer (4), charging capacitor (5), second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2), first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1), first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.1), second front-end Pulse capacitor (7.2), second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.2), first rear-end pulse capacitor (9.1), first rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.1), second rear-end pulse capacitor (9.2), second Two rear-end multi-pole ignition ball gaps (10.2) are sequentially arranged between one end and the other end of the sealed casing (1). 7. The capacitance graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the charging capacitor (5), the first high-voltage silicon stack (6.1), and the second high-voltage silicon stack (6.2) , the first front-end pulse capacitor (7.1), the second front-end pulse capacitor (7.2), the first front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.1), the second front-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (8.2), the first rear-end pulse capacitor (9.1) , the second back-end pulse capacitor (9.2), the first back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.1), the second back-end multi-pole ignition ball gap (10.2) and the bottom surface, top surface and side surfaces of the sealed casing (1) all have gaps . 8. The capacitive graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the first wave head resistance (11.1), the second wave head resistance (11.2), the third wave head resistance (11.3), the fourth wave head resistance (11.4), the first wave tail resistance (12.1), the second wave tail resistance (12.2), the third wave tail resistance (12.3), the fourth wave tail resistance (12.4), the first wave tail resistance There are gaps between the first charging resistor (13.1), the second charging resistor (13.2), the third charging resistor (13.3), the fourth charging resistor (13.4) and the bottom surface, top surface and side surfaces of the sealed casing (1). 9. The capacitor graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sealed casing (1) is a cylindrical sealed casing, and the arc-shaped cover plate (2) is a circular Curved cover. 10. The capacitive graded compact impulse voltage generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the first wave head resistance (11.1), the second wave head resistance (11.2), the third wave head resistance (11.3), the fourth wave head resistance (11.4), the first wave tail resistance (12.1), the second wave tail resistance (12.2), the third wave tail resistance (12.3) and the fourth wave tail resistance (12.4) are Cylindrical non-inductive resistors, the first charging resistor (13.1), the second charging resistor (13.2), the third charging resistor (13.3) and the fourth charging resistor (13.4) are all rectangular resistors.