CN105366817A - Multi-stage filler constructed wetland construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ecology and environmental protection, and relates to a method for constructing a multi-stage filler artificial wetland. The horizontal submerged multi-stage filler artificial wetland constructed by this method uses gravel, red brick fragments, steel slag, ceramsite and clay as wetland fillers step by step, and is interlaced with water bamboo, pikegrass, ryegrass and Photinia fruticosa. Wetland plants can effectively purify the tail water of urban sewage plants through the combined effects of filler filtration adsorption, plant absorption and microbial decomposition. The depth of the wetland, the length and width of the pool body can be set according to the amount of tail water to be treated. The construction method of the multi-stage filler constructed wetland of the present invention has the characteristics of less investment, low cost, stable treatment effect, convenient operation and management, and the like.

Description

A method for constructing multi-stage filler artificial wetland

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of ecology and environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a multi-stage filler artificial wetland.

Background technique

At present, China's urban sewage plants generally discharge the tail water into the nearby riverside of the plant, causing serious damage to the aquatic environment in some areas of the riverside around the tail water discharge outlet. Discharge Standards" (GB18918-2002) Class I A water quality standards, still far higher than the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards" (GB3838-2002) Class V water quality standards, that is, "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002 ) The NH ₃ -N, COD, TN, and TP discharge standards of Class A are 5.0mg/L, 50mg/L, 15mg/L, and 0.5mg/L, while "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards" (GB3838-2002) V The NH ₃ -N, COD, TN, and TP standards for water-like water are 2.0mg/L, 40mg/L, 2.0mg/L, and 0.4mg/L. Considering that the purification efficiency of the traditional subsurface wetland system is relatively low, and the combined use of multi-stage wetlands will result in high infrastructure costs, large land occupation, and difficult operation and management. Therefore, the present invention constructs a multi-stage filler underflow artificial wetland with high deep purification ability for tail water of urban sewage plants, simple management and maintenance, and low energy consumption, which is helpful to solve the problem of partial surface water pollution caused by tail water discharge. One problem is significant.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the low purification efficiency of the traditional subsurface wetland system and the deficiency of multi-level wetland combination, and provide a multi-level filler artificial wetland construction method. The horizontal underflow type multi-stage filler artificial wetland constructed by the present invention uses gravel, red brick fragments, steel slag, ceramsite and clay as wetland fillers step by step; and interlaced planting of asparagus, pikegrass, ryegrass and Photinia fragrans as wetlands Plants, through the combined effects of filler filtration and adsorption, plant absorption and microbial decomposition, can effectively purify the tail water of urban sewage plants in depth. It has the characteristics of low investment, low cost, stable treatment effect, and convenient operation and management.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A multi-stage filler constructed wetland system capable of deeply purifying the tail water of urban sewage plants is shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3: the overall specification of the multi-stage filler subsurface flow constructed wetland is length×width×depth (L×B×H ), which are divided into 5 areas. Along the direction of the tailwater flow, a sump I with a length of L1, a water distribution channel II with a length of L2, a wetland bed area III with a length of L3, a sedimentation area VI with a length of L4 and The clear water pool V with a length of L5 is made of notoginseng wall bricks as a whole, and the water distribution tank and the sedimentation area are separated by two or four brick water distribution walls (with small holes on the wall). The tail water of the sewage treatment plant is collected through the water pipe and introduced into the sump through the regulating valve. After being collected, it overflows through the overflow weir 1 and enters the water distribution tank. The wetland bed area with the wind pipe 3 is combined with physical, chemical and biological methods to carry out deep purification treatment of the tail water, and then the treated water flows by itself through the water distribution wall to the sedimentation area to precipitate and remove large particles of impurities. The overflow of the overflow weir is collected in the clean water tank, and the control valve discharges the treated tail water.

The wetland bed area is filled sequentially with gravel with a particle size of 40-50 mm in thickness H1, red brick fragments with a particle size of 20-40 mm in thickness H2, steel slag with a particle size of 8-10 mm in thickness H3, and 4- 8mm ceramsite, add a clay layer with a thickness of H5 (each layer is separated by a 1mm×1mm gauze) to construct the wetland filler, and the bottom slope of the bed is 1%. The wetland bed is planted with water bamboo, heather, pikegrass and ryegrass, and the windpipe is installed. In the present invention, the artificial wetland is transplanted with wild rice stems, pikegrass, ryegrass and Photinia fragrans in the growth period. Immediately after the plants are transplanted, water is added to make the water surface close to the surface soil of the wetland. After one week, the wetland plants begin to resume growth, thereby allowing the Transplanted plants adapt to the environment of the constructed wetland system and grow and hang film on the wetland bed.

The main principle of the present invention is based on the following two aspects:

One is that the present invention uses gravel, red brick fragments, steel slag, ceramsite and soil as wetland fillers, which is not only conducive to intercepting and adsorbing pollutants in tail water, but also conducive to the formation of biofilm on the surface of wetland matrix and its pores , the microorganisms in the biofilm ingest the pollutants in the tail water for their own growth, reproduction and metabolism, so as to realize the purification of the tail water in the wetland fill area.

The second is that the present invention alternately plants wild rice stems, pikegrass, ryegrass, and Photinia frondosa as wetland plants, and comprehensively utilizes plant absorption and rhizosphere microbial metabolism to effectively purify the water quality of the tail water.

The present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The wetland bed of the present invention is sequentially filled with gravel, red brick fragments, steel slag, ceramsite, and soil as wetland filler, which improves the combination of traditional wetland filler layers and makes it more suitable for the hydraulic conditions of the tail water. From the perspective of water treatment effect, compared with single-stage or two-stage filled wetlands, the wetland bed produced by the present invention has improved ability of deep purification of tail water of urban sewage plants. Moreover, the mix of red brick fragments in the wetland filler is relatively high, and the red brick fragments are cheap and easy to get, such as bricks from abandoned houses in urban demolition and reconstruction.

(2) The intermittent and alternating operation mode is adopted, which not only effectively improves the reoxygenation level, but also effectively avoids wetland blockage. By constructing a multi-stage filler artificial wetland system, the tail water of urban sewage plants can be effectively purified in depth, in which COD _Cr can be reduced to 20.50-26.10 mg/L; TP can be reduced to 0.19-0.63 mg/L; TN can be reduced to 0.74-8.10 mg/L; NH ₄ ⁺ -N can be reduced to 0.01~0.35mg/L, which has the characteristics of less investment, low cost, stable treatment effect, and convenient operation and management.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the plan layout of the multi-stage filler constructed wetland system.

Among them: I-collection pool; II-water distribution tank; III-wetland bed area; IV-sedimentation area; V-clear water pool;

L-the length of the multi-stage fill constructed wetland system; B-the width of the multi-stage fill constructed wetland system.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-stage filler constructed wetland system.

Among them: 1-overflow weir; 2-water distribution wall (the wall is covered with small holes with a spacing of 300mm and a diameter of 20mm); 3-exhaust air pipe;

L1-the length of the water collection tank I; L2-the length of the water distribution tank II; L3-the length of the wetland bed area III; L4-the length of the precipitation area IV; L5-the length of the clear water tank V.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wetland matrix structure inside the constructed wetland.

Among them: H1-the thickness of the gravel layer with a particle size of 40-50 mm; H2-the thickness of the red brick fragment layer with a particle size of 20-40 mm; H3-the thickness of the steel slag layer with a particle size of 8-10 mm; Granular layer thickness; H5-clay layer thickness.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the overall specification of multi-stage filler submerged flow constructed wetland is L×B×H, which is divided into five areas, and the sump pools I and The water distribution tank II with a length of L2, the wetland bed area III with a length of L3, the sedimentation area IV with a length of L4, and the clear water pool V with a length of L5 are made of Panax notoginseng bricks as a whole, and the water distribution tank and the sedimentation area The districts are separated by two or four brick water walls (the walls are covered with small holes with a spacing of 300mm and a diameter of 20mm). The wetland bed area is filled sequentially with gravel with a particle size of 40-50 mm in thickness H1, red brick fragments with a particle size of 20-40 mm in thickness H2, steel slag with a particle size of 8-10 mm in thickness H3, and 4- 8mm ceramsite and a clay layer with a thickness of H5 (each layer is separated by a 1mm×1mm gauze) are used to construct the wetland filler, and the slope of the bed bottom is 1%. The wetland bed is planted with water bamboo, Photinia fragrans, pikegrass and ryegrass, and the windpipe 3 is installed. The tail water of the sewage treatment plant is collected through the water pipe and introduced into the sump through the regulating valve. After being collected, it overflows through the overflow weir 1 and enters the water distribution tank, and then the tail water is homogenized and equalized by the water distribution wall 2 at the rear end, and enters the wetland. The bed area combines physical, chemical, and biological methods to carry out deep purification treatment of tail water, and then the treated water flows through the water distribution wall to the sedimentation area to precipitate and remove large particles of impurities, and then overflows through the overflow weir and collects in the In the clear water tank, the control valve discharges the treated tail water.

The constructed wetlands are transplanted with wild rice stems, pikegrass, ryegrass and Photinia frondosa. Immediately after the plants are transplanted, they are flooded with water so that the water surface is close to the surface soil of the wetland. The wetland plants begin to grow again one week later, so that the transplanted plants can adapt to the conditions of the constructed wetland system. Environment and growth and hanging film on the surface of the substrate in the wetland bed.

The operation mode of using the above-mentioned constructed wetland system to treat tail water is as follows: After the construction of the constructed wetland is completed, the effect of the deep purification of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the multi-stage filler constructed wetland system is monitored. The specific operation is: the operation mode is water inflow-treatment The 24h-empty artificial wetland system performs deep purification of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant.

Four examples are provided below to further illustrate the stable operation of the constructed wetland. The examples are used to illustrate the contents of the present invention, not to limit the contents of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, the overall specification of the multi-stage packing subsurface flow constructed wetland with a tail water treatment volume of 12m ³ /d is L×B×H=15.96m×3.74m×2.00m, and its There are 5 areas, and along the direction of the tail water flow, a sump I with a length of L1 = 1.0m, a water distribution channel II with a length of L2 = 1.0m, a wetland bed area III with a length of L3 = 10m, and a length of L4 = The 1.0m sedimentation area IV and the clear water pool V with a length of L5 = 1.0m are made of three-seven-wall bricks as a whole, and the water distribution tank and the sedimentation area are separated by two or four brick water distribution walls (walls There are small holes with a hole diameter of 20mm at a distance of 300mm). The wetland bed area is sequentially filled with gravel with a particle size of 40-50 mm and a thickness of H1 = 26 cm, red brick fragments with a particle size of 20-40 mm and a thickness of H2 = 52 cm, steel slag with a particle size of 8-10 mm and a thickness of H3 = 39 cm, and a thickness of H4=32cm ceramsite with a particle size of 4-8mm and a clay layer with a thickness of H5=51cm (each layer is separated by a gauze mesh of 1mm×1mm) to construct the wetland filler (the porosity of the wetland filler is 30.15%), the bed The bottom slope is 1%. Water bamboo, barracuda, ryegrass and Photinia are planted in the wetland system, and the wind pipe 3 is installed. The tail water of the sewage treatment plant is collected through the water pipe and introduced into the sump through the regulating valve. After being collected, it overflows through the overflow weir 1 and enters the water distribution tank, and then the tail water is homogenized and equalized by the water distribution wall 2 at the rear end, and enters the wetland. The bed area combines physical, chemical, and biological methods to carry out deep purification treatment of tail water, and then the treated water flows through the water distribution wall to the sedimentation area to precipitate and remove large particles of impurities, and then overflows through the overflow weir and collects in the In the clear water tank, the control valve discharges the treated tail water.

Example 2

As shown in attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, the overall specification of the subsurface flow constructed wetland with multi-stage packing with a treatment tail water volume of 21m ³ /d is L×B×H=17.96m×5.24m×2.00m, which is divided into There are 5 areas, and along the direction of the tail water flow, a sump I with a length of L1 = 1.0m, a water distribution channel II with a length of L2 = 1.0m, a wetland bed area III with a length of L3 = 12m, and a length of L4 = The 1.0m sedimentation area IV and the clear water pool V with a length of L5 = 1.0m are made of three-seven-wall bricks as a whole, and the water distribution tank and the sedimentation area are separated by two or four brick water walls (wall cloth There are small holes with a hole diameter of 20mm at a distance of 300mm). The wetland bed area is sequentially filled with gravel with a particle size of 40-50 mm and a thickness of H1 = 26 cm, red brick fragments with a particle size of 20-40 mm and a thickness of H2 = 52 cm, steel slag with a particle size of 8-10 mm and a thickness of H3 = 39 cm, and a thickness of H4=32cm ceramsite with a particle size of 4-8mm and a clay layer with a thickness of H5=51cm (each layer is separated by a gauze mesh of 1mm×1mm) to construct the wetland filler (the porosity of the wetland filler is 34.51%), the bed The bottom slope is 1%. Water bamboo, barracuda, ryegrass and Photinia are planted in the wetland system, and the wind pipe 3 is installed. The tail water of the sewage treatment plant is collected through the water pipe and introduced into the sump through the regulating valve. After being collected, it overflows through the overflow weir 1 and enters the water distribution tank, and then the tail water is homogenized and equalized through the water distribution wall 2 at the rear end, and enters the wetland. The bed area combines physical, chemical, and biological methods to carry out deep purification treatment of tail water, and then the treated water flows through the water distribution wall to the sedimentation area to precipitate and remove large particles of impurities, and then overflows through the overflow weir and collects in the In the clear water tank, the control valve discharges the treated tail water.

Example 3

As shown in attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, the overall specification of the subsurface flow constructed wetland with multi-stage packing with a treatment tail water volume of 56m ³ /d is L×B×H=26.96m×4.74m×2.00m, which is divided into There are 5 areas, and along the direction of the tail water flow, a sump I with a length of L1=1.0m, a water distribution channel II with a length of L2=1.0m, a wetland bed area III with a length of L3=21m, and a length of L4= The 1.0m sedimentation area IV and the clear water pool V with a length of L5 = 1.0m are made of three-seven-wall bricks as a whole, and the water distribution tank and the sedimentation area are separated by two or four brick water walls (wall cloth There are small holes with a hole diameter of 20mm at a distance of 300mm). The wetland bed area is sequentially filled with gravel with a particle size of 40-50 mm and a thickness of H1 = 26 cm, red brick fragments with a particle size of 20-40 mm and a thickness of H2 = 52 cm, steel slag with a particle size of 8-10 mm and a thickness of H3 = 39 cm, and a thickness of H4=32cm ceramsite with a particle size of 4-8mm and a clay layer with a thickness of H5=51cm (each layer is separated by a mesh of 1mm×1mm gauze) to construct the wetland filler (the porosity of the wetland filler is 33.46%), the bed The bottom slope is 1%. Water bamboo, barracuda, ryegrass and Photinia are planted in the wetland system, and the wind pipe 3 is installed. The tail water of the sewage treatment plant is collected through the water pipe and introduced into the sump through the regulating valve. After being collected, it overflows through the overflow weir 1 and enters the water distribution tank, and then the tail water is homogenized and equalized by the water distribution wall 2 at the rear end, and enters the wetland. The bed area combines physical, chemical, and biological methods to carry out deep purification treatment of tail water, and then the treated water flows through the water distribution wall to the sedimentation area to precipitate and remove large particles of impurities, and then overflows through the overflow weir and collects in the In the clear water tank, the control valve discharges the treated tail water.

Example 4

As shown in attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, the overall specification of the subsurface flow constructed wetland with multi-stage packing with a tail water treatment volume of 84m ³ /d is L×B×H=26.96m×6.74m×2.00m, which is divided into There are 5 areas, and along the direction of the tail water flow, a sump I with a length of L1=1.0m, a water distribution channel II with a length of L2=1.0m, a wetland bed area III with a length of L3=21m, and a length of L4= The 1.0m sedimentation area IV and the clear water pool V with a length of L5 = 1.0m are made of three-seven-wall bricks as a whole, and the water distribution tank and the sedimentation area are separated by two or four brick water distribution walls (walls There are small holes with a hole diameter of 20mm at a distance of 300mm). The wetland bed area is sequentially filled with gravel with a particle size of 40-50 mm and a thickness of H1 = 26 cm, red brick fragments with a particle size of 20-40 mm and a thickness of H2 = 52 cm, steel slag with a particle size of 8-10 mm and a thickness of H3 = 39 cm, and a thickness of H4=32cm ceramsite with a particle size of 4-8mm and a clay layer with a thickness of H5=51cm (each layer is separated by a gauze mesh of 1mm×1mm) to construct the wetland filler (the porosity of the wetland filler is 33.12%), the bed The bottom slope is 1%. Water bamboo, barracuda, ryegrass and Photinia are planted in the wetland system, and the wind pipe 3 is installed. The tail water of the sewage treatment plant is collected through the water pipe and introduced into the sump through the regulating valve. After being collected, it overflows through the overflow weir 1 and enters the water distribution tank, and then the tail water is homogenized and equalized by the water distribution wall 2 at the rear end, and enters the wetland. The bed area combines physical, chemical, and biological methods to carry out deep purification treatment of tail water, and then the treated water flows through the water distribution wall to the sedimentation area to precipitate and remove large particles of impurities, and then overflows through the overflow weir and collects in the In the clear water tank, the control valve discharges the treated tail water.

Claims (1)

1. a multistage packing artificial wetland method of construction, comprises the construction of artificial swamp structure, thin portion, wetland bed tagma builds, pond body surrounding pool wall is built, it is characterized in that:

Described artificial swamp structure is built: overall specification is long × wide × dark (L × B × H), be divided into 5 regions, water collecting basin, distributing trough, wetland bed tagma, settling region and clean water basin are built successively along tail water water (flow) direction, its entirety is built by pseudo-ginseng wall brick and is formed, and wherein distributing trough and settling region separate (wall is furnished with aperture) with two or four brick cloth waterwalls respectively.Sewage treatment plant tail water is after water pipe collecting is collected by regulated valve introducing water collecting basin, enter in distributing trough through overflow weir overflow, carry out homogeneous through its rear end cloth waterwall to tail water more all to measure, enter and the wetland bed tagma associating physics, chemistry, the biological method that pull out airduct are housed deep purifying process is carried out to tail water, its aftertreatment water from flow through water distribution wall homogeneous all measure come settling region precipitation remove large granular impurity, come together in clean water basin through overflow weir overflow again, the tail water after process is arranged outward by by-pass valve control.

Thin portion, described wetland bed tagma builds: particle diameter 40-50mm gravel is filled in wetland bed tagma successively, particle diameter 20-40mm common brick fragment, particle diameter 8-10mm slag, particle diameter 4-8mm haydite, clay seam (every layer separates with the gauze of grid 1mm × 1mm) build wet land filler, bed bottom sloping 1%.Wetland bed collocation plantation wild rice stem, photinia glabra, mullet grass and rye grass, and be mounted with and pull out airduct.Artificial swamp selects the wild rice stem in vegetative period, mullet grass, rye grass and photinia glabra to transplant in the present invention, intake immediately after plant transplanting, make the water surface close to wetland topsoil, after 1 week, wetland plant starts restoration ecosystem, thus allows the environment transplanting plant adaptation artificial wet land system also grow and wetland bed biofilm.