CN105203301B - A kind of day car owner passively combines heave compensation experimental rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a crane active and passive combined heave compensation test device, which comprises three parts: a heave compensation test platform, a motion support platform, and a motion simulation base. The heave compensation test platform includes a bottom-up fixed crane frame platform, a frame, a support frame and a connecting frame. The floating crane can slide up and down along the guide rails through the guide wheels on both sides of the crane body; the compensation cylinder The cylinder body is respectively fixed on the crown frame platform through the active compensation cylinder connecting plate and the passive compensation cylinder connecting plate; Fixed connection; the motion simulation base includes an upper frame of the motion base and a lower frame of the motion base which are fixedly connected together, and an oil cylinder fixing frame is arranged in the middle of the lower frame of the motion base. As a prototype, the invention can test and verify various factors affecting the compensation efficiency and energy consumption of the drill string heave compensation system of the skycar type under the condition of realistically simulating the heave of sea waves.

Description

A crane active and passive combined heave compensation test device

technical field

The invention relates to an active and passive combined heave compensation test device for a crane, which belongs to the field of marine drilling.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, especially the development of the petrochemical industry and the automobile industry, the supply of oil and natural gas has become increasingly insufficient. Coupled with the gradual depletion of onshore oil resources, the exploitation of offshore oil, especially deep sea oil, has become an inevitable trend.

In the process of deep-sea oil drilling and development, the offshore drilling ship or floating drilling platform will produce six degrees of freedom movement of heave, surge, sway, pan, roll and yaw under the action of external wind, waves and currents. Among them, the heave will cause the drill string to heave with the floating drilling platform, resulting in changes in the drilling pressure between the drill bit and the bottom of the well, reducing efficiency, increasing costs, and affecting the smooth progress of drilling operations. In severe sea conditions, the drill bit may even lift off the bottom of the well, causing drilling accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to equip heave compensation device to reduce the influence of heave movement on drilling operation.

At present, the heave compensation devices of floating offshore drilling platforms are mainly divided into dead rope heave compensation devices, fast rope heave compensation devices, swimming block heave compensation devices and crown block heave compensation devices. Among them, the dead/fast rope heave compensation device wears too much on the wire rope, the compensation system responds slowly, and the compensation accuracy is not high; The loss is large; although the heave compensation device of the crane also has the disadvantages of high center of gravity and inconvenient maintenance, it occupies a small deck area, short pipelines, and less sealing. Affected, it is currently the most widely used heave compensation device with high technical reliability.

According to the power supply mode, the hydraulic heave compensation system can be divided into active, passive and semi-active (combined active and passive compensation). The active heave compensation system has high compensation accuracy, good compensation effect and adaptability, but consumes a lot of energy; the passive heave compensation system consumes almost no power and does not need to provide energy, but the compensation accuracy is low, and there is a large Hysteresis; The semi-active heave compensation system combines the advantages of the former two, but needs to add intermediate energy conversion equipment, and the system structure is relatively complicated.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a crane active and passive combined heave compensation test device to meet the needs of related research on marine floating drilling.

In order to meet the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The invention relates to an active and passive combined heave compensation test device for a crane, comprising three parts: a heave compensation test platform, a motion support platform, and a motion simulation base.

The heave compensation test platform includes a bottom-up fixed crane frame platform, a frame, a support frame and a connecting frame, and two pairs of guide rails are arranged side by side between the connecting frame and the crane frame platform; the upper ends of the guide rails are connected by bolts It is fixedly connected with the connecting frame, and the lower end of the guide rail is fixedly connected with the platform of the crane frame through bolts. The floating crane can slide up and down along the guide rail through the guide wheels on both sides of the crane body; the upper part of the crane body is fixedly connected with a pulley The fixed frame, the crown block pulley set is set in the pulley fixed frame, the crown block pulley block and the travel block pulley block are connected together by a wire rope; the passive compensation cylinder is located on the central axis of the crown frame platform, and the two active compensation cylinders are symmetrically distributed between the two sides of the passive compensation cylinder. On the side, the cylinder body of the compensation cylinder is respectively fixed on the platform of the crane frame through the connecting plate of the active compensation cylinder and the connecting plate of the passive compensation cylinder; connected together by pins.

The motion support platform is composed of a motion support platform and a support platform base fixedly connected, and the motion support platform is fixedly connected with the crown frame platform; one side of the support platform base is provided with a dead rope fixed end, and the other side is provided with a wire rope winch, There are 4 holes on the four corners of the base of the supporting platform for connecting the guide columns; the base of the supporting platform is provided with a wave cylinder connecting seat, and the piston rod of the wave simulation cylinder is fixedly connected with the connecting seat of the wave cylinder through bolts; the supporting platform An opening is designed in the middle of the base for passing through the piston rod of the loading cylinder, and the piston rod of the loading cylinder is fixedly connected with the loading cylinder connecting seat fixedly connected to the lower part of the pulley fixing frame of the traveling block block through a pin shaft.

The motion simulation base includes an upper frame of the motion base and a lower frame of the motion base that are fixedly connected together, and an oil cylinder fixing frame is arranged in the middle of the lower frame of the motion base; 3 pairs of oil cylinder pin seats are fixedly connected on the oil cylinder fixing frame, and 2 wave simulation cylinders and One loading cylinder is fixedly connected with the pin seat of the oil cylinder through bolts; the wave simulation cylinders are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the loading cylinder, and the lower frame of the moving base corresponds to the openings at the four corners of the supporting platform base, and is equipped with 4 guide columns .

There are connecting rod fixing frames on both sides of the crane body, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the connecting rod fixing frame through a pin shaft, and the connecting rod can rotate around the pin shaft; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of the rocker through a pin shaft Connected with the guide wheel of the rocker arm, the connecting rod, the rocker, and the guide wheel of the rocker arm can all rotate around the pin shaft; the rocker is provided with a tensioning wheel, and the center line of the groove of the tensioning wheel is in contact with the guide wheel of the fixed seat and the rocker The center line of the groove of the arm guide wheel is on the same straight line; the other end of the rocker is connected with the guide wheel of the fixed seat and the fixed seat of the pulley through the pin shaft, and the rocker and the guide wheel of the fixed seat can rotate around the pin shaft; the two fixed The seat guide wheels are not located on the same level, and the center planes of their grooves are respectively located on the same level as the center planes of the pulley grooves at both ends of the crown block pulley block.

One end of the wire rope is fixed on the fixed end of the dead rope, and it is wound on the pulley block of the crown block through the fixed seat guide wheel, the tension wheel, and the guide wheel of the rocker arm on the fixed end side of the dead line in sequence, and then the pulley block of the crown block and the traveling block are connected by the parallel threading method. The pulley block is connected, and then wound out from the crown block pulley block, and then wound onto the wire rope winch through the rocker arm guide wheel, the tension pulley, and the fixed seat guide wheel in turn.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The compensation liquid cylinder assembly used in the present invention adopts a vertical three-cylinder structure, the passive compensation cylinder bears most of the load, and the active compensation cylinder bears a small part of the load and is used to overcome friction and improve compensation Speed and accuracy, adopting this compensation method, the energy consumption of only using the active compensation method is small, and the compensation accuracy is high compared with only the passive compensation method; 2, the motion simulation base used in the present invention can, according to the input motion signal, Changing the movement mode can truly simulate the heave movement of the platform at sea; 3. The crane heave compensation test device of the present invention is assembled from a steel structure, which can be assembled and disassembled according to the needs of the experiment, and then carried out under different hydraulic circuit arrangements. , research on the compensation effect of the crane heave compensation system; 4. The crane heave compensation test device of the present invention is used as a prototype, which is designed after being scaled down according to the actual working conditions, and can simulate sea waves more realistically. In the case of heave, various factors that affect the compensation efficiency and energy consumption of the drill string heave compensation system of the sky-type drill string are tested and verified.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a crane active and passive combined heave compensation test device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 .

In the figure: 1. Connecting frame, 2. Supporting frame, 3. Frame, 4. Guide rail, 5. Pulley fixing frame, 6. Crane pulley block, 7. Link fixing frame, 8. Guide wheel, 9. Crane body , 10. Active compensation cylinder connection seat, 11. Passive compensation cylinder connection seat, 12. Traveling block pulley block, 13. Loading cylinder connection seat, 14. Sky frame platform, 15. Passive compensation cylinder, 16. Active compensation cylinder, 17 .Passive compensation cylinder connection plate, 18. Active compensation cylinder connection plate, 19. Guide column, 20. Motion support platform, 21. Support platform base, 22. Wire rope winch, 23. Wave cylinder connection seat, 24. Movement base rack , 25. Moving base lower frame, 26. Oil cylinder pin seat, 27. Wave simulation cylinder, 28. Loading cylinder, 29. Oil cylinder fixed frame, 30. Pulley fixed seat, 31. Fixed seat guide wheel, 32. Rocker, 33 .Tension wheel, 34. Rocker guide wheel, 35. Connecting rod, 36. Escalator, 37. Safety protection device.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a crane active and passive combined heave compensation test device according to the present invention mainly consists of three parts: a heave compensation test platform, a motion support platform, and a motion simulation base.

The heave compensation test platform includes a crown frame platform 14, a frame 3, a support frame 2 and a connecting frame 1 fixedly connected from bottom to top, and two pairs of guide rails are arranged side by side between the connecting frame 1 and the crown frame platform 14 4. The upper end of the guide rail 4 is fixedly connected with the connecting frame 1 by bolts, and the lower end of the guide rail 4 is fixedly connected with the crane frame platform 14 by bolts, and the floating crane can be passed along the guide wheels 8 on both sides of the crane body 9. Sliding up and down along the guide rail 4, the upper part of the crane body 9 is fixedly connected with a pulley fixing frame 5, and the crane pulley block 6 is arranged in the pulley fixing frame 5. Located on the central axis of the crown frame platform 14, two active compensation cylinders 16 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the passive compensation cylinder 15, and the cylinder bodies of the compensation cylinders are respectively fixed on the crown crane through the active compensation cylinder connection plate 18 and the passive compensation cylinder connection plate 17. On the frame platform 14, the piston rod is respectively connected with the active compensation cylinder connection seat 10 and the passive compensation cylinder connection seat 11 under the crown block body 9 through pins through earrings.

Crane body 9 both sides are also provided with connecting rod fixing frame 7, and one end of connecting rod 35 is connected together with connecting rod fixing frame 7 by pin shaft, and connecting rod 35 can rotate around pin shaft; One end of axle and rocking bar 32 and rocking arm guide wheel 34 are connected together, and connecting rod 35, rocking bar 32, rocking arm guide wheel 34 all can rotate around pin shaft; The groove centerline of the wheel 33 is on the same straight line as the groove centerline of the fixed seat guide wheel 31 and the rocker arm guide wheel 34; Together, the rocking bar 32 and the guide wheel 31 of the fixed seat can rotate around the pin shaft; planes on the same level.

The motion support platform is composed of a motion support platform 20 and a support platform base 21 fixedly connected, and the movement support platform 20 is fixedly connected with the crown frame platform 14; one side of the support platform base 21 is provided with a dead rope fixed end, and the other side A wire rope winch 22 is provided, and there are 4 holes on the four corners of the support platform base 21 for connecting the guide column 19; the support platform base 21 is provided with a wave cylinder connecting seat 23, and the piston rod of the wave simulation cylinder 27 is connected to the The wave cylinder connecting seat 23 is fixedly connected together; the middle of the supporting platform base 21 is an opening design, which is used for passing through the piston rod of the loading cylinder 28, and the piston rod of the loading cylinder 28 is connected to the lower part of the pulley holder 5 of the traveling block pulley block 12. The loading cylinder connection base 13 is fixedly connected together by a pin shaft.

The motion simulation base includes a motion base upper frame 24 and a motion base lower frame 25 that are fixed together. An oil cylinder fixing frame 29 is arranged in the middle of the lower frame 25 of the moving base, and three pairs of oil cylinder pin seats 26 are fixedly connected to the oil cylinder fixing frame 29; two wave simulation cylinders 27 and one loading cylinder 28 are fixedly connected to the oil cylinder pin seats 26 through bolts Together, the wave simulation cylinders 27 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the loading cylinder 28; the lower frame of the moving base 25 corresponds to the openings at the four corners of the support platform base 21, and is provided with four guide columns 19.

One end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the fixed end of the dead rope, and the fixed seat guide wheel 31, the tension pulley 33, and the rocker guide wheel 34 on the side of the fixed end of the dead rope are wound to the pulley block 6 of the crown block in turn, and then the crown block is threaded through the threading method. Pulley block 6 is connected with traveling block pulley block 12, then winds out from crown block pulley block 6, then winds on the wire rope winch through rocking arm guide wheel 34, tension pulley 33, fixed seat guide wheel 31 successively.

The working process of the crane heave compensation test device of the present invention is as follows:

After the test starts, the wave simulation cylinder 27 drives the motion support platform and the heave compensation test platform to move up and down, and the hook load simulated by the loading cylinder 28 acts on the traveling block pulley block 12. When the heave compensation test platform rises, the floating crane is relatively As the crane rail frame moves downward, the gas in the passive compensation cylinder 15 is compressed to compensate for the rising displacement and store energy. At the same time, under the action of the control system, the active compensation cylinder 16 makes the piston move downward to compensate for the rising displacement; When the sinking compensation test platform descends, the floating crane moves upward relative to the guide rail frame of the crane, the gas in the passive compensation cylinder 15 expands, compensates the displacement of the descent and releases energy, and at the same time, the active compensation cylinder 16 makes the piston upward movement to compensate for the falling displacement.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of day car owner passively combines heave compensation experimental rig, including heave compensation test platform, kinematic mount platform, fortune Dynamic model intends the part of base three, it is characterised in that the heave compensation test platform includes overhead traveling crane body panel connected from bottom to top (14), framework (3), support frame (2) and link (1), between link (1) and overhead traveling crane body panel (14), have been arranged side by side 2 pairs Guide rail (4)；The upper end of guide rail (4) is fixed together by bolt with link (1), and the lower end of guide rail (4) passes through bolt and day Vehicle frame platform (14) is fixed together；Floating overhead traveling crane can be upper and lower along guide rail (4) by the directive wheel (8) of day car body (9) both sides Slide, day car body (9) top is fixed with pulley fixed frame (5)；Crown sheave group (6) is arranged in pulley fixed frame (5), overhead traveling crane Assembly pulley (6) is linked together with tourist bus assembly pulley (12) by steel wire rope, passively compensates cylinder (15) positioned at overhead traveling crane body panel (14) on central shaft；Two Active Compensation cylinders (16) are symmetrically distributed in passive compensation cylinder (15) both sides, compensate the cylinder body difference of cylinder It is fixed on overhead traveling crane body panel (14) by Active Compensation cylinder connecting plate (18) and passive compensation cylinder connecting plate (17)；Piston rod leads to Cross earrings respectively with day car body (9) below Active Compensation cylinder connecting seat (10) and passive compensation cylinder connecting seat (11) by bearing pin Link together；The kinematic mount platform is by kinematic mount stand (20) and support platform base (21) is affixed constitutes, and moves Support stand (20) is connected with overhead traveling crane body panel (14)；Support platform base (21) side is provided with dead line fixing end, opposite side It is provided with rope winch (22)；Support platform base is provided with 4 holes on (21) four angles, for connecting lead column (19), branch Wave cylinder connecting seat (23) is provided with support platform base (21)；The piston rod of wave simulation cylinder (27) is by bolt and wave cylinder Connecting seat (23) is fixed together, to design opening in the middle of support platform base (21), for the piston by loading cylinder (28) Bar；The piston rod of loading cylinder (28) and the loading cylinder connecting seat of pulley fixed frame (5) bottom for being connected in tourist bus assembly pulley (12) (13) it is fixed together by bearing pin；The motion simulation base includes the motion base restocking (24) being fixed together and motion Base undercarriage (25), motion base undercarriage (25) middle setting has oil cylinder fixed mount (29)；Oil cylinder fixed mount is fixed with 3 on (29) To oil cylinder key seat (26), 2 wave simulation cylinders (27) are connected in one with 1 loading cylinder (28) by bolt and oil cylinder key seat (26) Rise；Wave simulation cylinder (27) is symmetrically distributed in loading cylinder (28) both sides, and motion base undercarriage (25) is corresponding to support platform base (21) tapping at upper four angles, is provided with 4 lead columns (19).

2. a kind of day car owner according to claim 1 passively combines heave compensation experimental rig, it is characterised in that：Its car body (9) both sides are additionally provided with connecting rod fixed mount (7), and one end of connecting rod (35) is linked together by bearing pin with connecting rod fixed mount (7), Connecting rod (35) can be rotated around bearing pin；The one end and rocking arm directive wheel (34) of the other end of connecting rod (35) by bearing pin with rocking bar (32) Link together, connecting rod (35), rocking bar (32), rocking arm directive wheel (34) can be rotated around bearing pin；It is provided with rocking bar (32) and is opened Bearing up pulley (33), groove center line and fixed seat directive wheel (31) and the groove center of rocking arm directive wheel (34) of tensioning wheel (33) Line is located along the same line；The other end of rocking bar (32) is connected by bearing pin with fixed seat directive wheel (31) and pulley fixed seat (30) It is connected together, rocking bar (32) and fixed seat directive wheel (31) can be rotated around bearing pin；Two fixed seat directive wheels (31) are not on In same level, its groove center plane is located at same with the central plane of the pulley groove at crown sheave group (6) two ends respectively One horizontal plane.

3. a kind of day car owner according to claim 1 passively combines heave compensation experimental rig, it is characterised in that：Steel wire rope One end is fixed in dead line fixing end, is led through the fixed seat directive wheel (31) of dead line fixation side, tensioning wheel (33), rocking arm successively To wheel (34) in crown sheave group (6), crown sheave group (6) and tourist bus assembly pulley (12) are connected by along method of wearing then Pick up and, then laid out from crown sheave group (6), then successively through rocking arm directive wheel (34), tensioning wheel (33), fixed seat directive wheel (31) on rope winch.