CN105203201A - Sound perceiving barrel and sound wave sensing probe with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an acoustic tube and an acoustic wave sensing probe using the same. The acoustic tube includes: a shell, an opening is formed in the middle of the top, and an annular protrusion extending upward is formed on the upper periphery of the opening; and a diaphragm, the outer edge of which is fixed on the shell outside the annular protrusion, Its inner side is supported and tightened by the ring-shaped protrusion, forming a vibration zone. The structure of the present invention is suitable for making various diaphragm shapes and sizes, especially small-sized or non-circular diaphragm acoustic tubes, which overcomes the problem of using traditional mechanical processing technology combined with conventional laser welding technology to produce small-sized diaphragm acoustic tubes. The shortcoming of the difficulty of the barrel.

Description

Acoustic tube and acoustic wave sensing probe using same

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic wave sensing, in particular to an acoustic sensing tube and an acoustic wave sensing probe using the same.

Background technique

Acoustic sensors, also known as microphones or microphones, are widely used in various industries such as industry, communication, transportation, national defense and anti-terrorism, aerospace, and even people's daily life. Acoustic sensors are required for sound control of urban street lights, ocean water acoustic detection, hazardous gas leakage detection, environmental noise monitoring, sound monitoring of transformer operation status, infrasound detection before storms, robot ears, gunshot positioning, and sonic life detection.

Existing acoustic wave sensors mainly include two types: electret capacitive type and optical fiber type. They use a metal diaphragm to convert the sound wave to be measured into mechanical vibration, and then detect the mechanical vibration of the diaphragm through capacitance detection or optical fiber sensing technology. These acoustic wave sensors are usually manufactured using precision machining techniques combined with laser processing techniques. According to the size of the diaphragm, the existing acoustic wave sensing probes have four typical sizes of 1 inch, 1/2 inch, 1/4 inch, and a smaller 1/8 inch (about 3.2 mm).

Usually, the diaphragm is made into a circular shape, and the larger the diameter, the lower the frequency of the sound wave that the probe responds to, and it is easier to manufacture. To detect high-frequency sound waves, a diaphragm with a smaller diameter is required. According to the existing structure of the acoustic tube of the acoustic wave sensor, the smaller the diameter of the circular diaphragm, the more difficult it is to make the probe. On the other hand, the existing acoustic tube structure is not conducive to the preparation of other acoustic sensor probes with special-shaped structure diaphragms, and the special-shaped structure diaphragms are conducive to expanding the acoustic frequency response range of the probe and improving the performance of the probe. A circular diaphragm has a common disadvantage: its high degree of symmetry makes the acoustic response frequency range of the acoustic wave sensing probe narrow.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an acoustic tube and an acoustic wave sensing probe using the same, so as to simplify the manufacturing process of the acoustic tube and expand its audio frequency response range.

(2) Technical solution

According to one aspect of the present invention, an acoustic cylinder is provided. The acoustic cylinder includes: a shell 1, an opening is formed in the middle of the top, and an annular protrusion 10 extending upward is formed on the upper periphery of the opening; and a diaphragm 2, whose outer edge is fixed to the outer shell of the annular protrusion On the body 1, its inner side is supported and tightened by the ring-shaped protrusion 10, forming a vibration zone

Preferably, in the acoustic cylinder of the present invention, the housing 1 is cylindrical, and a housing cavity is formed inside the housing 1; an opening is formed in the middle of the top of the housing 1, and the radial dimension of the opening is smaller than that of the housing. The radial dimension of the housing cavity, the central axis of which coincides with the central axis of the housing cavity.

Based on the above acoustic tube, according to another aspect of the present invention, an acoustic wave sensing probe is also provided. The acoustic wave sensing probe includes: the above-mentioned acoustic tube, the inner wall of the housing is provided with internal threads, the side of the vibrating membrane facing the inside of the housing has a metal reflective surface, and the inner side of the opening forms an acoustic cavity; the inner core 4, the center of which is An optical fiber through hole is opened at the axis position, and its outer wall is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the inner wall of the shell of the acoustic tube. The inner core is installed in the shell of the acoustic tube by thread engagement and jackscrew locking , whose upper surface is lower than the diaphragm; optical fiber 5, one end face of which is polished, enters the acoustic cavity through the fiber through hole of the inner core 4, and its polished end face and the reflective surface of the diaphragm form an optical fiber FP cavity sensitive to diaphragm vibration .

Preferably, in the acoustic tube of the present invention, the housing includes: a housing body 11 and a lifting structure 12, wherein: the housing body 11 is cylindrical; the lifting structure 12 is detachably and liftably fixed on the inner side of the housing body 11 , the top of which forms an opening along the central axis of the housing, and an annular protrusion 10 extending upward above the opening; The annular protrusion 10 supports tension.

Based on the above acoustic tube, according to another aspect of the present invention, an acoustic wave sensing probe is also provided. The acoustic wave sensing probe includes: the above-mentioned sound sensing tube, its lifting structure 12 is a solid cylindrical structure, its central axis position is provided with an optical fiber through hole, and its diaphragm has a metal reflective surface on the side facing the inside of the housing. The inner side forms an acoustic cavity; the optical fiber 5, one end surface of which is polished, enters the acoustic cavity through the optical fiber through hole of the lifting structure 12, and its polished end surface and the reflective surface of the diaphragm form an optical fiber FP cavity sensitive to the vibration of the diaphragm.

(3) Beneficial effects

It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the acoustic tube of the present invention and the acoustic wave sensing probe using it have the following beneficial effects:

(1) Its structure is suitable for making various diaphragm sizes, especially small-sized diaphragm acoustic tubes, which overcomes the difficulty of making small-sized diaphragm acoustic tubes by using traditional machining technology combined with conventional laser welding technology shortcoming;

(2) It is possible to make a sound tube with a non-circular diaphragm, thereby expanding the acoustic frequency response range of the sound tube;

(3) Flexible use, allowing the production of microphone series with the same size and different audio detection ranges, so that it is easy to use and replace;

(4) The structure is simple, the manufacture is easy, and the cost is low. A large number of experiments prove that the acoustic probe of the present invention has high sensitivity and good signal-to-noise ratio, and is suitable for popularization and use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of an acoustic tube according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the ring-shaped raised part in the sound sensing tube shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top view of an oval opening surrounded by an annular protrusion in a sound sensing tube according to a modified embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a sound-sensing tube with an annular protrusion whose vertical section is a right triangle according to another modified embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the acoustic cylinder according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of another modified embodiment of the present invention adopting a sound-sensing tube whose vertical section is a right-angled triangle ring-shaped protrusion;

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the acoustic cylinder according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensing probe according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensing probe according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of the main component symbols of the present invention]

1-shell; 10-annular protrusion;

11-shell body; 12-lifting structure;

2-diaphragm; 20-reflective surface of diaphragm;

21-fixing ring 3-top screw hole;

4-inner core; 5-optical fiber;

6-protective cover; 60-acoustic hole.

Detailed ways

In the present invention, an upward ring-shaped protrusion is set in the middle of the top of the shell, and the diaphragm is fixed on the shell outside the ring-shaped protrusion, and is supported and tightened by the ring-shaped protrusion, so that small-sized or non-circular diaphragms can be prepared sound tube.

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1. The first embodiment

In a first embodiment of the present invention, an acoustic tube is provided. As shown in Figure 1, the acoustic tube includes: a casing 1, an opening is formed in the middle of the top of the casing along the central axis of the casing, and an annular protrusion 10 extending upward is formed on the upper periphery of the opening; The edge is fixed on the cylindrical casing 1 outside the ring-shaped protrusion, and the inner body part is supported and taut by the ring-shaped protrusion 10 to form a vibration zone.

Each component of the acoustic tube of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the housing 1 is in the shape of a cylinder, the inner wall is provided with threads, and the side wall near the top is provided with a screw hole 3 for fixing with other parts of the acoustic wave sensing probe. An accommodating cavity is enclosed inside the housing 1 . At the same time, an opening whose radial dimension is smaller than the radial dimension of the accommodating cavity is formed at the middle position of the top of the casing 1 . The cross section of the opening is circular, and its central axis coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical casing 1 .

In this embodiment, the thickness of the top of the housing is 1 mm, and the depth h1 of the opening formed thereon is 1 mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the top of the casing is not less than 0.5 mm, so as to provide support force and keep the top of the casing from deformation.

In addition to a circle, the cross-sectional shape of the opening can also be an ellipse as shown in FIG. 3 , or other closed and continuous shapes, which can be reasonably selected by those skilled in the art according to needs.

In this embodiment, the cylindrical casing 1 including the annular protrusion 10 is an integral structure. The area enclosed by the annular protrusion 10 is smaller than the area enclosed by the inside of the accommodating cavity. As far as the annular protrusion 10 is concerned, its vertical section is rectangular, and its top end is located on a plane, which is perpendicular to the central axis of the housing 1 . The width of the annular protrusion 10 is 0.5 mm, and the height h2 is 2 mm, and the height of the annular protrusion is not adjustable. In other embodiments of the present invention, the width of the annular protrusion 10 is less than 2mm, and the height h2 is not more than 5mm.

It can be understood that the vertical section of the annular protrusion can also be in other shapes, such as right triangle, trapezoid or semicircle. As shown in FIG. 4 , when the vertical cross-sectional shape of the annular protrusion is a right triangle, one acute angle of the right triangle supports and tightens the diaphragm 2 , and the part of the diaphragm 2 inside the annular protrusion 10 forms a vibration zone.

After the vibrating membrane 2 is supported and tightened by the annular protrusion 10 , its outer edge is fixed on the unshrunk top end of the housing 1 by laser welding technology through the fixing ring 21 connected thereto. The part of the vibrating membrane 2 inside the annular protrusion 10 forms a vibrating area. The diaphragm in the vibration zone can produce repeatable vibrations with the surrounding sound. The diaphragm in the vibrating area has a metal reflective surface 20 on the side facing the inside of the housing.

Generally, the material of the housing 1 and the annular protrusion 10 is metal, including: steel, titanium, nickel, chromium, copper, iron, tungsten, titanium alloy, nickel-chromium alloy, nickel-copper alloy, and iron-based alloy. The material of the diaphragm 2 is a metal diaphragm, such as a diaphragm made of one of the following materials: steel, titanium, nickel, chromium, copper, iron, tungsten, titanium alloy, nickel-chromium alloy, nickel-copper alloy, iron-based alloy. In this embodiment, the material of the cylindrical shell 1 and the annular protrusion 10 is nickel-copper alloy, and the material of the diaphragm is nickel.

Two, the second embodiment

In a second embodiment of the present invention, an acoustic tube is provided. Different from the integral structure of the cylindrical housing in the first embodiment, the housing in this embodiment is a split structure.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , in the acoustic tube of this embodiment, the housing includes: a housing body 11 and a lifting structure 12 . Wherein, the housing body 11 is cylindrical, and its inner wall has internal threads. The lifting structure 12 is also cylindrical, and its outer wall has external threads, which are engaged with the internal threads of the inner wall of the housing body 11, so that the lifting structure 12 is detachably fixed on the inner side of the upper part of the housing body 11 in a liftable manner.

At the same time, a top wire 3 is provided on the housing body 11 to lock the position of the lifting structure 12 after the ring-shaped protrusion 10 on the lifting structure 12 tightens the diaphragm support to prevent the lifting structure 12 from moving up and down.

Wherein, an opening is formed on the top of the lifting structure 12, and an annular protrusion 10 extending upward is formed on the outer side above the opening. The inner side of the opening forms an acoustic cavity. The vertical section of the annular protrusion 10 is rectangular, and its top ends are located on the same plane, which is perpendicular to the central axis of the housing. The end surface width of the top end of the annular protrusion 10 is 0.5mm, and the height is not less than 2mm. Since the annular protrusion 10 is formed on the top of the lifting structure 12 , it can move up and down with the lifting structure 12 relative to the housing body 11 .

Likewise, the vertical section of the annular protrusion can also be in the shape of a right triangle, trapezoid, semicircle, etc. A schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical housing with a split structure and an annular protrusion with a vertical section of a right triangle is shown in Figure 6 .

In this embodiment, when installing the diaphragm 2, first fix the outer edge of the diaphragm 2 to the top of the housing body 11 by laser welding technology, and then adjust the height of the lifting structure 12 to make the ring-shaped protrusion 10 support tight The vibrating membrane 2, and then use the top screw to lock the lifting structure 12.

In this embodiment, the shell body 11 and the lifting structure 12 are made of titanium alloy material, and the diaphragm is made of titanium diaphragm material.

In order to achieve the purpose of brief description, any descriptions of technical features in the above-mentioned first embodiment that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and there is no need to repeat the same descriptions.

Three, the third embodiment

In a third embodiment of the present invention, an acoustic cylinder is provided. The difference from the structure of the acoustic tube in the second embodiment is that the lifting structure 12 is a solid structure.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , in the acoustic tube of this embodiment, the lifting structure 12 is in the shape of a cylinder with a concave cavity at the top. At the same time, the upper outer side of the opening of the concave cavity has an annular protrusion 10 extending upward. The vertical section of the annular protrusion 10 is rectangular.

The outer wall of the lifting structure 12 has an external thread, and the external thread is engaged with the internal thread of the inner wall of the housing body 11 , so that the lifting structure 12 is detachably and liftably fixed on the inner side of the upper part of the housing body 11 .

Similarly, in this embodiment, when installing the diaphragm 2, the outer edge of the diaphragm 2 is first fixed to the top of the housing body 11 by laser welding technology, and then the height of the lifting structure 12 is adjusted to make the annular protrusion 10 support Tighten the vibrating membrane 2, and then lock the lifting structure 12 with the jackscrew.

Similarly, for the purpose of brief description, any descriptions of technical features in the above-mentioned first embodiment that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and there is no need to repeat the same descriptions.

Four, the fourth embodiment

In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a fiber optic acoustic wave sensing probe using the acoustic cylinder of the first embodiment is provided. As shown in FIG. 8 , the optical fiber acoustic wave sensing probe includes: an acoustic cylinder, an inner core 4 , an optical fiber 5 and a protective cover 6 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the inner wall of the shell 1 of the acoustic tube is provided with an internal thread, and the side of the vibrating membrane 2 facing the inside of the shell has a metal reflective surface, and the inner side of the opening has an acoustic cavity.

Please refer to Figure 8, the central axis position of the inner core 4 is provided with an optical fiber through hole, and its outer wall is provided with an outer thread that matches the inner thread of the inner wall of the shell of the acoustic tube. It is tightly installed in the housing, and its upper surface is lower than the diaphragm.

Please refer to Fig. 8, one end surface of the optical fiber 5 is polished, and enters the acoustic cavity from the outside of the housing 1 through the fiber through hole of the inner core 4, and the polished end surface and the reflective surface of the diaphragm form an optical fiber FP cavity sensitive to the vibration of the diaphragm. The optical fiber 5 is fixed to the optical fiber through hole of the inner core by glue.

Please refer to FIG. 8 , the protective cover is fixed on the outside of the casing and covers the diaphragm 2 , and a sound inlet hole 60 is opened on the top thereof.

In the acoustic tube, the vertical section of the ring-shaped protrusion is rectangular, and its top is located on the same plane, which is perpendicular to the central axis of the housing; the width of the top end is 0.5 mm, and the height is 2 mm. The ring-shaped protrusion and the cylindrical housing are integrally structured, and the height of the ring-shaped protrusion cannot be adjusted.

Five, the fifth embodiment

In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, a fiber optic acoustic wave sensing probe using the acoustic cylinder of the third embodiment is provided.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the optical fiber acoustic wave sensing probe includes: an acoustic cylinder, an optical fiber 5 and a protective cover 60 . Wherein, the central axis position of the lifting structure 12 of the acoustic cylinder is provided with an optical fiber through hole, and at the same time, the side of the vibrating membrane 2 facing the inside of the housing has a metal reflective surface, and the inner side of the opening has an acoustic cavity.

Please refer to FIG. 9 , one end face of the optical fiber 5 is polished, and enters the acoustic cavity from the outside of the housing 1 through the optical fiber through hole of the lifting structure 12, and the polished end face and the reflective surface of the diaphragm form an optical fiber FP cavity that is sensitive to the vibration of the diaphragm. The optical fiber 5 is fixed to the optical fiber through hole of the lifting structure 12 by glue.

As for the protective cover, its structure and function are similar to those of the fourth embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

Similarly, for the purpose of brief description, any descriptions of technical features in the fourth embodiment above that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and there is no need to repeat the same descriptions.

So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the acoustic tube of the present invention and the microphone to which it is applied.

In addition, it should be understood that the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or methods mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or replace them, for example:

(1) In addition to circular or elliptical, other shapes of openings or annular raised overall shapes are acceptable;

(2) In addition to rectangle and right triangle, the vertical cross-section of the annular protrusion can also be other shapes, such as: trapezoid, semicircle, etc.;

(3) The ring-shaped protrusion and the housing can be of an integral structure or a separate structure;

(4) This document may provide demonstrations of parameters containing specific values, but these parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but may approximate the corresponding values within acceptable error tolerances or design constraints;

(5) The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only referring to the directions of the drawings, and are not used to limit protection scope of the present invention.

In summary, by adjusting the diameter of the ring-shaped protrusion at the front end of the housing, the present invention can obtain a diaphragm with a small effective vibration diameter when the diameter of the metal film is large, reducing the difficulty of process realization; Sensing technology, so fiber optic acoustic wave sensors with high sensitivity and wide frequency response range can be realized. In addition, it can also be used to prepare condenser microphones.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. feel a cylinder record, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Housing (1), its crown center position forms an opening, and this overthe openings periphery has the annular protrusion (10) extended upward; And

Vibrating diaphragm (2), its outer ledge is fixed on the housing (1) outside annular projection, is supported and tightens, form vibrating area inside it by described annular projection (10).

2. sense cylinder record according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described housing (1) cylindrically, surrounds an accommodating cavity in the inner side of this housing (1);

The crown center position of this housing (1) forms described opening, and the radial dimension of this opening is less than the radial dimension of described accommodating cavity, the central axes of its central axis and described accommodating cavity.

3. sense cylinder record according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described housing comprises: enclosure body (11) and lifting structure (12), wherein:

Described enclosure body (11) cylindrically;

The inner side that described lifting structure (12) is separable, be liftably fixed on described enclosure body (11), its top forms an opening along casing center axis direction, has the annular protrusion (10) extended upward outside this overthe openings;

The outer ledge of described vibrating diaphragm (2) is fixed in enclosure body (11), and is tightened by annular protrusion (10) support on described lifting structure (12).

4. sense cylinder record according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the inwall of described enclosure body (11) has internal thread, and the outer wall of described lifting structure (12) has external thread;

The external thread of described lifting structure (12) outer wall is meshed with the internal thread of enclosure body (11) inwall, makes the inner side that described lifting structure (12) is separable, be liftably fixed on enclosure body (11) top.

5. sense cylinder record according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, enclosure body (11) arranges jackscrew (3), by locked for the position of lifting structure (12) after vibrating diaphragm supports and tightens by the annular projection (10) of this jackscrew (3) on lifting structure (12).

6. sense cylinder record according to claim 3, is characterized in that:

Described lifting structure (12) cylindrically structure; Or

Described lifting structure (12) is in solid cylinder structure, and its top has recessed chamber, and the top in this recessed chamber is as described opening.

7. sense cylinder record according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, the circular in cross-section of described opening or ellipse, the central axes of its central axis and described housing.

8. sense cylinder record according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, the vertical cross-section of described annular projection (10) is rectangular, right-angle triangle, trapezoidal or semicircle.

9. sense cylinder record according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the rectangular triangle of vertical cross-section of described annular projection (10), and an acute angle of this right-angle triangle supports tightens described vibrating diaphragm (2).

10. sense cylinder record according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, the thickness of described case top is not less than 0.5mm; The height of described annular projection (10) is no more than 5mm, and width is less than 2mm.

11. sense cylinder records according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, the outer ledge of described vibrating diaphragm (2) is fixed on by laser bonding the top that described housing (1) do not shrink by coupled set collar (21).

12. sense cylinder records according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that:

The material of described housing (1) and annular projection (10) is selected from the one in following group: steel, titanium, nickel, chromium, copper, iron, tungsten, titanium alloy, nickel-chrome, monel, ferrous alloy;

The material of described vibrating diaphragm (2) is selected from the one in following group: steel, titanium, nickel, chromium, copper, iron, tungsten, titanium alloy, nickel-chrome, monel, ferrous alloy.

13. 1 kinds of sound wave sensing probes, is characterized in that, comprising:

Sense cylinder record as claimed in claim 2, the inwall of its housing is provided with internal thread, and its vibrating diaphragm has metal reflective face towards the side of enclosure interior, and described opening inner side forms the sense operatic tunes;

Inner core (4), its axial centerline offers optical fiber through hole, its outer wall is provided with the external thread matched with the internal thread of the inwall of the housing feeling cylinder record, and this inner core is installed in the housing of described sense cylinder record by threaded engagement and jackscrew locking mode, and its upper surface is lower than vibrating diaphragm;

Optical fiber (5), one end polishing, its optical fiber through hole via inner core (4) enters in the described sense operatic tunes, and the reflective surface of its polished end faces and vibrating diaphragm forms the optical fiber FP chamber to diaphragm oscillations sensitivity.

14. a sound wave sensing probe, is characterized in that, comprising:

Sense cylinder record as claimed in claim 3, its lifting structure (12) is in solid cylinder structure, and its axial centerline offers optical fiber through hole, and its vibrating diaphragm has metal reflective face towards the side of enclosure interior, and the inner side of described opening forms the sense operatic tunes;

Optical fiber (5), one end polishing, its optical fiber through hole via lifting structure (12) enters in the described sense operatic tunes, and the reflective surface of its polished end faces and vibrating diaphragm forms the optical fiber FP chamber to diaphragm oscillations sensitivity.

15. sound wave sensing probes according to claim 13 or 14, is characterized in that, also comprise:

Protective cover (6), be fixed on hull outside and cover described vibrating diaphragm (2), its top offers tone-entering hole (60)

Wherein, described optical fiber (5) is fixed in described optical fiber through hole by glue.