CN105177185A - 果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法 - Google Patents
果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法,试剂盒包括:HAV?2×RT-PCR?mix、NV?GⅠ+GⅡ分型2×RT-PCR?mix、MS2?2×RT-PCR?mix、无RNase水、HAV阳性对照、NV?GⅠ+GⅡ阳性对照、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2(2.5×1010pfu/mL)各一管。检测方法包括以下步骤:①果蔬样品中病毒的富集;②病毒RNA提取;③大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准曲线的建立;④甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测;⑤病毒RNA回收率确定;⑥结果判定。本发明的果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法,从样品前处理、病毒浓缩、质量控制、检测和结果判定等关键步骤对病毒检测的整个过程进行了有效的质量保证,增强了检测过程的稳定性、准确性和可控制性,填补了该领域的检测技术空白。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法,属于食品安全、环境监测和食源性病毒检测的技术领域。
背景技术:
果蔬生产在我国进出口贸易中占有重要地位。以草莓为例,我国草莓种植面积约90100公顷,总产达220.6万吨,占世界总产的35.7%,为世界上最大的草莓生产国。国内草莓产地主要分布在山东、安徽、辽宁、河北、江苏等东部沿海地区。冷冻草莓是一个重要的出口农产品,2012年全国共出口冷冻草莓5893批次、数重量155104.97吨、货值20379.16万美元。主要输往荷兰、德国、俄罗斯、日本、英国、韩国、澳大利亚、泰国等70个国家及地区。
2012年9月,德国爆发了历史上最大的一次肠胃炎爆发事件,约11000名患者出现呕吐、腹泻症状,德国怀疑是由中国出口的草莓携带诺如病毒(Norovirus,NoV)所致,并在欧洲食品和饲料安全快速预警系统(RASFF)发布预警(预警号2012.1409)。同期,比利时在我国出口的冷冻草莓中检测到甲型肝炎病毒(HAV),在RASFF发布预警信息(预警号2012.1534)。果蔬生产的整个从“生产到餐桌”多个相关环节都有可能威胁果蔬产品,有必要对产品质量进行有效的控制。
甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒等病毒是多起重大的水源性非细菌性疾病的流行病学事件暴发的元凶。其中,甲型肝炎病毒(HepatitisAVirus,HAV)是一种正链RNA病毒,它属于小RNA病毒科肝病毒属。虽然现在已成功地研制出甲型肝炎疫苗,有效地控制了甲型肝炎的传播和流行,但在人群免疫水平低的地方,人群普遍易感,HAV主要通过粪-口途径污染水或食物,导致甲型肝炎暴发流行。HAV基因组虽然只有一个血清型,但有7基因型,在同一地区可能存在多种HAV基因型的流行。
诺如病毒是杯状病毒科呈二十面体对称球形单股正链RNA病毒,又称为诺罗病毒、诺沃克病毒或脓融病毒,是一种引起非细菌性急性胃肠炎的主要病毒,以肠道传播为主,可通过污染的水源、食物、物品、空气等传播。诺如病毒基因组全长约7.7kb,包含3个开放阅读框(ORFs),ORF1编码非结构蛋白,包括RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependentRNApolymerase,RdRp);ORF2和ORF3分别编码主要(VP1)和次要(VP2)衣壳蛋白;根据VP1序列的同源性,诺如病毒可分为GI~GV五个基因群(Genogroup),其中引起人类感染的主要是GⅠ和GⅡ群
在我国及世界上大多数国家,对于食品类产品中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测缺乏标准质量控制体系,原因主要在于缺乏有效,简单、快速、可靠的技术用于浓缩和检测这些病原。实时荧光RT-PCR等分子检测方法由于其高度灵敏、特异的特点,是目前用于检测样本中食源性病毒的最有效方法,但由于果蔬产品中存在的致病病毒量极低,将极其微量但却足以使人致病的病毒粒子进行有效的浓缩,成为将这些分子方法成功应用的关键点。现行的检测方法中,缺乏对整个的检测过程进行良好质量控制的步骤和方法,本发明利用大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2与甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒在形态、大小、对环境的耐受力与病毒粒子相似以及对人体无危害等特性,构建了“果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法”,准确监控病毒颗粒裂解效率和核酸提取等整个检测过程的质量控制标准体系,对食品样品和食源性病毒的监测具有重要意义,弥补了现行检测标准和方法的不足。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法”能够监控整个检测过程并保证检测结果的有效性。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提供的果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒包括HAV2×RT-PCRmix、NVGⅠ+GⅡ分型2×RT-PCRmix、MS22×RT-PCRmix、无RNase水、HAV阳性对照、NVGⅠ+GⅡ阳性对照、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2(2.5×1010pfu/mL)各一管。
HAV2×RT-PCRmix、NVGⅠ+GⅡ分型2×RT-PCRmix、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS22×RT-PCRmix中涉及的检测引物和探针如下:
(1)甲型肝炎病毒检测引物和探针:
正向引物HAV-F:5’-TCACCGCCGTTYGCCTAG-3’
反向引物HAV-R:5’-GGGGAGAGCCCTGGAAGAAAG-3’
探针HAV-P:5’-FAM-CCTGAACYYGCAGGAATYAA-MGB-BHQ-3’
(2)
诺如病毒检测引物和探针
诺如病毒GⅠ:
正向引物NVG1-F:5’-CGYTGGATGCGNTTYCAT-3’
反向引物NVG1-R:5’-CCTTAGACGCCATCATCATTYAC-3’
探针NVG1-P:5’-Cy5-TGGACAGGAGAYCGCRATCT-BHQ-3’
(3)
诺如病毒检测引物和探针
诺如病毒GⅡ:
正向引物NVG2-F:5’-ATGTTCYGRTGGATGAGRTTCTCWGA-3’
反向引物NVG2-R:5’-TCGACGCCATCTTCATTCACA-3’
探针NVG2-P:5’-FAM-AGCACGTGGGAGGGCGATCG-BHQ-3’
(4)
大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测引物和探针
MS2-TM3-F:5'-GGCTGCTCGCGGATACCC-3
MS2-TM3-R:5'-TGAGGGAATGTGGGAACCG-3
MS2-TM2JOE:5'-JOE-ACCTCGGGTTTCCGTCTTGCTCGT-NFQ-3'。
除了引物,HAV2×RT‐PCRmix、NVGⅠ+GⅡ分型2×RT‐PCRmix、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS22×RT‐PCRmix中其他的试剂,例如酶、dNTP等均为现有的公知试剂。
本发明还提供一种利用本发明的试剂盒来检测果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒的方法,包括以下步骤:
①果蔬样品中病毒的富集
a、取5‐10个草莓或25g检测样品,加入bagpage中;加入35mLTGBE缓冲液及30U的果胶酶黑曲霉,同时加入大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准样品100μL。在室温下60rpm恒定摇晃孵育20min。
备注:对于酸性软水果,在孵育过程中,应以10min的间隔监测洗脱液的pH值。如果pH值低于9.0,则用NaOH溶液调节至9.5。若调节了pH值,则应该延长10min的孵育时间。
b、收集洗脱液于50mL无菌离心管中,10000×g离心30min,在4℃下离心澄清。将上清液转入50mL无菌离心管中,并用1mol/L盐酸溶液将pH调节至7.0。
c、加入0.25体积的5×PEG/NaCl溶液(最终浓度为10%PEG,0.3MNaCl),振荡60s以混匀,之后在5℃60rpm孵育60min或者过夜。
d、在5℃10000×g离心30min,弃去上清液,然后在5℃10000×g离心5min,以压实沉淀物,用枪头吸取剩余液体弃掉。
e、加入500μLPBS蜗旋震荡,重悬沉淀,静置5min;于5℃10000×g离心5min。
f、吸取离心管的上清液体置于2mL的无菌离心管中,加入500μL或等体积(如样品上清大于500μL)的氯仿‐正丁醇,涡旋混合,然后在室温下孵育5min。
g、于5℃10000×g下离心15min,将上层水相小心地转移到一个新的离心管中,保留用于提取RNA。
②病毒RNA提取
③大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准曲线的建立
取制备好的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2质控样品,稀释至2.5×1010pfu/mL,取100μL进行提取病毒RNA,最终稀释于100μL无RNA酶H2O中;取20μL稀释于180μL无RNA酶H2O,梯度稀释10倍、100倍、1000倍、10000倍、100000倍,则病毒浓度分别代表2.5×109、2.5×108、2.5×107、2.5×106、2.5×105、2.5×104pfu/mL,分别进行荧光定量RT-PCR反应,应用Ct值和噬菌体浓度建立回归标准曲线。
④甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测
甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2三种目标分别检测,每个检测目标反应体系包括:2×RT-PCRmix12.5μL、样品5μL、水补齐至25μL,每个样品做原倍提取液和10×稀释提取液,同时设置阳性对照和阴性对照。
⑤病毒RNA回收率确定
根据MS2荧光定量RT‐PCR反应获得的Ct值和标准曲线回归方程,计算出MS2浓度,除以加样时的病毒浓度,乘以100%即为回收率,即:
回收率(%)=(回收后病毒浓度/加注病毒浓度)×100。
⑥结果判定
检测结果判定必须在阳性对照和阴性对照成立的情况下做如下判定:
根据MS2的回收效率判定结果的有效性;若病毒RNA回收率大于或等于1%测试有效,根据检测情况判定甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒结果;若病毒RNA回收率小于1%,则需要重新进行检测。
本发明的果蔬检测样品包括冷冻、保鲜或常温状态的草莓、蓝莓、树莓、蔬菜、罐头等样品。
本发明所述的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2及其大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2质控样品依据发明专利号是2015102273402,发明名称是《大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准样品及其制备方法》的公开内容制备。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明设计了大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2与甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒GⅠ和GⅡ的RT-PCR检测引物。
本发明利用大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2与甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒在形态、大小、对环境的耐受力与病毒粒子相似以及对人体无危害等特性,构建了果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法,即通过特定浓度的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2监控整个处理和检测过程,并提供标准的样品处理浓缩方法和实时荧光RT-PCR方法,从样品中病毒浓缩、病毒RNA提取、回收效率和结果判定等步骤进行全过程的质量控制,使检测结果更准确、更有效、更稳定,准确监控病毒颗粒裂解效率和核酸提取等整个检测过程的质量控制标准体系,对水果和蔬菜加工企业产品和食源性病毒的监测和质量控制具有重要意义,弥补了现行检测技术的不足。
附图或附表说明:
图1为本发明实施例1中大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的标准曲线,横坐标为大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的浓度(pfu/mL),纵坐标为实时荧光RT-PCRCt值。
图2为本发明实施例1中大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的标准曲线,横坐标为实时荧光RT-PCRCt值,纵坐标为实时荧光RT-PCR荧光强度。
图3为本发明实施例2中冷冻草莓样品添加大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的回收效率测定结果,图中,横坐标为实时荧光RT-PCRCt值,纵坐标为实时荧光RT-PCR荧光强度。
图4为本发明实施例3中甲型肝炎病毒检测结果。图中,横坐标为实时荧光RT-PCRCt值,纵坐标为实时荧光RT-PCR荧光强度。
图5为本发明实施例3中诺如病毒GⅠ检测结果。图中,横坐标为实时荧光RT-PCRCt值,纵坐标为实时荧光RT-PCR荧光强度。
图6为本发明实施例3中诺如病毒GⅡ检测结果。图中,横坐标为实时荧光RT-PCRCt值,纵坐标为实时荧光RT-PCR荧光强度。
具体实施方式:
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图或附表进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1:大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准曲线的建立
1、取试剂盒中的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2质控样品(2.5×1010pfu/mL),取100μL进行提取病毒RNA,最终稀释于100μL无RNA酶H2O中;取20μLRNA提取液稀释于180μL无RNA酶H2O,梯度稀释10倍、100倍、1000倍、10000倍、100000倍,则病毒浓度分别代表2.5×109、2.5×108、2.5×107、2.5×106、2.5×105、2.5×104pfu/mL,分别进行荧光定量RT-PCR反应。
2、对Ct值和噬菌体浓度建立回归标准曲线。仪器根据赋值和Ct值自动生成标准曲线(见图1和2):y=58.716-3.352lnx(y为Ct值,x为大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2浓度(pfu/mL)),R2=0.982,扩增效率为98.74%。
实施例2:冷冻草莓样品中病毒提取效率测定
1、材料和方法
(1)菌株和毒株
冻干甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗:长生科技。
大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准样品:来源于ATCC,实验室大量制备。
(2)试剂
PBS缓冲液(pH7.0)。
病毒RNA提取试剂盒:QIAGENRNeasyminiKit(CatNo74106)。
TGBE缓冲液:pH值为9.0。
RT‐PCR试剂盒:THERNACOMPANYAMBIONAgPath‐IDTMOne‐stepRT‐PCRKit(P/N:AM1005)。
(3)实验仪器和材料
荧光定量PCR仪:ABI7500。
离心管:50mL、2mL、1.5mL,WHATSON公司。
冷冻草莓样品:实验室检测样品。
(4)方法
①冷冻草莓中病毒的富集
a、取25g检测样品,加入bagpage中;加入35mLTGBE缓冲液及30U的果胶酶黑曲霉,同时加入大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准样品100μL。在室温下60rpm恒定摇晃孵育20min。
备注:对于酸性软水果,在孵育过程中,应以10min的间隔监测洗脱液的pH值。如果pH值低于9.0,则用NaOH溶液调节至9.5。若调节了pH值,则应该延长10min的孵育时间。
b、收集洗脱液于50mL无菌离心管中,10000×g离心30min,在4℃下离心澄清。将上清液转入50mL无菌离心管中,并用1mol/L盐酸溶液将pH调节至7.0。
c、加入0.25体积的5×PEG/NaCl溶液(最终浓度为10%PEG,0.3MNaCl),振荡60s以混匀,之后在5℃60rpm孵育60min或者过夜。
d、在5℃10000×g离心30min,弃去上清液,然后在5℃10000×g离心5min,以压实沉淀物,用枪头吸取剩余液体弃掉。
e、加入500μLPBS蜗旋震荡,重悬沉淀,静置5min;于5℃10000×g离心5min。
f、吸取离心管的上清液体置于2mL的无菌离心管中,加入500μL或等体积(如样品上清大于500μL)的氯仿‐正丁醇,涡旋混合,然后在室温下孵育5min。
g、于5℃10000×g下离心15min,将上层水相小心地转移到一个新的离心管中,保留用于提取RNA。
②病毒RNA提取
③大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准曲线的建立
取制备好的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2质控样品,稀释至2.5×1010pfu/mL,取100μL进行提取病毒RNA,最终稀释于100μL无RNA酶H2O中;取20μL稀释于180μL无RNA酶H2O,梯度稀释10倍、100倍、1000倍、10000倍、100000倍,则病毒浓度分别代表2.5×109、2.5×108、2.5×107、2.5×106、2.5×105、2.5×104pfu/mL,分别进行荧光定量RT-PCR反应,应用Ct值和噬菌体浓度建立回归标准曲线。
④大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测
大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测目标反应体系包括:2×RT-PCRmix12.5μL、样品5μL、水补齐至25μL,每个样品做原倍提取液和10×稀释提取液,同时设置阳性对照和阴性对照。
⑤病毒RNA回收率确定
大肠杆菌噬菌体MS22.5×109pfu/mL100μL同时添加至样品中,根据MS2荧光定量RT‐PCR反应获得的Ct值和标准曲线回归方程,计算出MS2浓度,除以加样时的病毒浓度,乘以100%即为回收率,即:
回收率(%)=(回收后病毒浓度/加注病毒浓度)×100。
⑥结果判定
检测结果判定必须在阳性对照和阴性对照成立的情况下做如下判定:
根据MS2的回收效率判定结果的有效性;若病毒RNA回收率大于或等于1%测试有效,根据检测情况判定甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒结果;若病毒RNA回收率小于1%,则需要重新进行检测。
2、结果和分析
(1)大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的建立
仪器根据赋值和Ct值自动生成标准曲线(见图1和2):y=58.716‐3.352lnx(y为Ct值,x为大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2浓度(pfu/mL)),R2=0.982,扩增效率为98.74%。
(2)甲型肝炎病毒标准曲线的建立
仪器根据赋值和Ct值自动生成标准曲线(见图3):y=29.025‐3.579lnC(y为Ct值,C为甲型肝炎病毒的(U/mL)),R2=0.996,扩增效率为90.29%。
(3)病毒回收效率测定
根据建立的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准曲线,可以计算出回收的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的浓度,从而计算出病毒提取的回收率,10大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的回收率从1.95%‐12.51%,满足实时荧光定量RT‐PCR的检测要求。具体结果见表1
表1大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2回收率测定
| 序号 | Ct值 | 回收值 | 回收率 |
| 1 | 31.96 | 9.6×107 | 3.84% |
| 2 | 32.25 | 7.86×107 | 3.15% |
| 3 | 32.45 | 6.85×107 | 2.74% |
| 4 | 32.12 | 8.60×107 | 3.44% |
| 5 | 32.24 | 7.92×107 | 3.17% |
| 6 | 32.32 | 7.49×107 | 3.00% |
| 7 | 31.93 | 9.80×107 | 3.92% |
| 8 | 32.95 | 4.86×107 | 1.95% |
| 9 | 30.24 | 3.13×108 | 12.51% |
| 10 | 31.65 | 1.19×107 | 4.75% |
实施例3:冷冻草莓中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒的检测
1、冷冻草莓样品中病毒的富集
a、取25g检测样品,加入bagpage中;加入35mLTGBE缓冲液及30U的果胶酶黑曲霉,同时加入大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准样品100μL。在室温下60rpm恒定摇晃孵育20min。
备注:对于酸性软水果,在孵育过程中,应以10min的间隔监测洗脱液的pH值。如果pH值低于9.0,则用NaOH溶液调节至9.5。若调节了pH值,则应该延长10min的孵育时间。
b、收集洗脱液于50mL无菌离心管中,10000×g离心30min,在4℃下离心澄清。将上清液转入50mL无菌离心管中,并用1mol/L盐酸溶液将pH调节至7.0。
c、加入0.25体积的5×PEG/NaCl溶液(最终浓度为10%PEG,0.3MNaCl),振荡60s以混匀,之后在5℃60rpm孵育60min或者过夜。
d、在5℃10000×g离心30min,弃去上清液,然后在5℃10000×g离心5min,以压实沉淀物,用枪头吸取剩余液体弃掉。
e、加入500μLPBS蜗旋震荡,重悬沉淀,静置5min;于5℃10000×g离心5min。
f、吸取离心管的上清液体置于2mL的无菌离心管中,加入500μL或等体积(如样品上清大于500μL)的氯仿‐正丁醇,涡旋混合,然后在室温下孵育5min。
g、于5℃10000×g下离心15min,将上层水相小心地转移到一个新的离心管中,保留用于提取RNA。
2、病毒RNA提取
3、甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测
甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2三种目标分别检测,每个检测目标反应体系包括:2×RT-PCRmix12.5μL、样品5μL、水补齐至25μL,每个样品做原倍提取液和10×稀释提取液,同时设置阳性对照和阴性对照。
4、病毒RNA回收率确定
根据MS2荧光定量RT‐PCR反应获得的Ct值和标准曲线回归方程,计算出MS2浓度,除以加样时的病毒浓度,乘以100%即为回收率,即:
回收率(%)=(回收后病毒浓度/加注病毒浓度)×100。
5、结果判定原则
检测结果判定必须在阳性对照和阴性对照成立的情况下做如下判定:
根据MS2的回收效率判定结果的有效性;若病毒RNA回收率大于或等于1%测试有效,根据检测情况判定甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型检测结果;若病毒RNA回收率小于1%,则需要重新进行检测。
6、样品检测结果
MS2的回收效率都大于1%(见实施例2),甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒的检测结果为阴性(图4-6)。
核苷酸序列表
<110>山东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心
<120>果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒和检测方法
<160>12
<170>PatentInversion3.5
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<400>1
TCACCGCCGTTYGCCTAG18
<210>2
<211>21
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CCTGAACYYGCAGGAATYAA20
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CGYTGGATGCGNTTYCAT18
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Claims (3)
1.一种果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒,其特征在于:所述试剂盒包括HAV2×RT-PCRmix、NVGⅠ+GⅡ分型2×RT-PCRmix、MS22×RT-PCRmix、无RNase水、HAV阳性对照、NVGⅠ+GⅡ阳性对照、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2(2.5×1010pfu/mL)各一管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒检测质控试剂盒,其特征在于,HAV2×RT-PCRmix、NVGⅠ+GⅡ分型2×RT-PCRmix、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS22×RT-PCRmix中涉及的检测引物和探针如下:
(1)
甲型肝炎病毒检测引物和探针:
正向引物HAV-F:5’-TCACCGCCGTTYGCCTAG-3’
反向引物HAV-R:5’-GGGGAGAGCCCTGGAAGAAAG-3’
探针HAV-P:5’-FAM-CCTGAACYYGCAGGAATYAA-MGB-BHQ-3’
(2)
诺如病毒检测引物和探针
诺如病毒GⅠ:
正向引物NVG1-F:5’-CGYTGGATGCGNTTYCAT-3’
反向引物NVG1-R:5’-CCTTAGACGCCATCATCATTYAC-3’
探针NVG1-P:5’-Cy5-TGGACAGGAGAYCGCRATCT-BHQ-3’
(3)
诺如病毒检测引物和探针
诺如病毒GⅡ:
正向引物NVG2-F:5’-ATGTTCYGRTGGATGAGRTTCTCWGA-3’
反向引物NVG2-R:5’-TCGACGCCATCTTCATTCACA-3’
探针NVG2-P:5’-FAM-AGCACGTGGGAGGGCGATCG-BHQ-3’
(4)
大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测引物和探针
MS2-TM3-F:5'-GGCTGCTCGCGGATACCC-3
MS2-TM3-R:5'-TGAGGGAATGTGGGAACCG-3
MS2-TM2JOE:5'-JOE-ACCTCGGGTTTCCGTCTTGCTCGT-NFQ-3'。
3.利用上述任一项权利要求所述的试剂盒检测果蔬中甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
①果蔬样品中病毒的富集
a、取5-10个草莓或25g检测样品,加入bagpage中;加入35mLTGBE缓冲液及30U的果胶酶黑曲霉,同时加入大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准样品100μL;在室温下60rpm恒定摇晃孵育20min;
b、收集洗脱液于50mL无菌离心管中,10000×g离心30min,在4℃下离心澄清;将上清液转入50mL无菌离心管中,并用1mol/L盐酸溶液将pH调节至7.0;
c、加入0.25体积的5×PEG/NaCl溶液(最终浓度为10%PEG,0.3MNaCl),振荡60s以混匀,之后在5℃60rpm孵育60min或者过夜;
d、在5℃10000×g离心30min,弃去上清液,然后在5℃10000×g离心5min,以压实沉淀物,用枪头吸取剩余液体弃掉;
e、加入500μLPBS蜗旋震荡,重悬沉淀,静置5min;于5℃10000×g离心5min;
f、吸取离心管的上清液体置于2mL的无菌离心管中,加入500μL或等体积的氯仿-正丁醇,涡旋混合,然后在室温下孵育5min;
g、于5℃10000×g下离心15min,将上层水相小心地转移到一个新的离心管中,保留用于提取RNA;
②病毒RNA提取
③大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2标准曲线的建立
取制备好的大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2质控样品,稀释至2.5×1010pfu/mL,取100μL进行提取病毒RNA,最终稀释于100μL无RNA酶H2O中;取20μL稀释于180μL无RNA酶H2O,梯度稀释10倍、100倍、1000倍、10000倍、100000倍,则病毒浓度分别代表2.5×109、2.5×108、2.5×107、2.5×106、2.5×105、2.5×104pfu/mL,分别进行荧光定量RT-PCR反应,应用Ct值和噬菌体浓度建立回归标准曲线;
④甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2检测
将步骤②提取的RNA分别取5μL,按照甲型肝炎病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2三种目标分别检测,每个检测目标反应体系包括:2×RT-PCRmix12.5μL、样品5μL、水补齐至25μL,每个样品做原倍提取液和10×稀释提取液,同时设置阳性对照和阴性对照;
⑤病毒RNA回收率确定
根据MS2荧光定量RT-PCR反应获得的Ct值和标准曲线回归方程,计算出MS2浓度,除以加样时的病毒浓度,乘以100%即为回收率,即:
回收率(%)=(回收后病毒浓度/加注病毒浓度)×100;
⑥结果判定
检测结果判定必须在阳性对照和阴性对照成立的情况下做如下判定:
根据MS2的回收效率判定结果的有效性;若病毒RNA回收率大于或等于1%测试有效,根据检测情况判定甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型检测结果;若病毒RNA回收率小于1%,则需要重新进行检测。
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| EP3464647A4 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2020-01-01 | Quest Diagnostics Investments LLC | METHODS FOR THE DETECTION OF NOROVIRUS |
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| CN106521031A (zh) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-03-22 | 浙江省疾病预防控制中心 | 一种基于负电荷膜浓缩检测食品中诺如病毒的方法 |
| CN109207641A (zh) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-15 | 浙江省疾病预防控制中心 | 一种多重rt-pcr检测试剂盒及应用 |
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