CN105055007A - Posterior spine fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a posterior spinal fixation device, comprising a pedicle screw, a spinal fixation rod and a transverse connector. The pedicle screw includes a screw body with a double-spindle structure and a U-shaped groove installed at the end of the screw body , the end of the spinal fixation rod extends into the U-shaped groove, and is positioned by the first locking bolt, the two ends of the transverse connector are provided with hooks, and the transverse connector is connected to the spinal fixation rod through the hooks, Composed of double-spindle-shaped universal pedicle screws, locking spinal fixation rods and multi-plane adjustable transverse connectors, the middle and tail of the pedicle screws in this device form a double-spindle structure, which can effectively prevent the pedicle screws from loosening, If it falls off and breaks, the lockable spinal fixation rod can effectively prevent the rod from falling out.

Description

A posterior spinal fixation device

【Technical field】

The invention belongs to medical instruments, in particular to a pedicle screw rod internal fixation system used in spinal internal fixation operations, in particular to a posterior spinal fixation device.

【Background technique】

Posterior spinal internal fixation technology (Posteriorinstrumentation) has experienced a historical evolution from the Harrington rod and hook technology to the widely used pedicle screw system today. The posterior spinal fixation device of pedicle screw + spinal fixation rod + transverse connector can provide fixation of the anterior, middle and posterior columns of the spine, and is widely used in the surgical treatment of various spinal diseases - fusion, including trauma ( Spinal fractures), spinal deformities (scoliosis, kyphosis), spinal degeneration, spinal tumors, etc.

Posterior spinal fixation devices usually include pedicle screws, spinal fixation rods, and transverse connectors. Currently, the most widely used pedicle screws are the rear opening, and the rear threaded U-shaped groove accommodates spinal fixation rods. The pedicle screw is integrated with the spinal fixation rod, and the pedicle screw and the spinal fixation rod on both sides are connected as a whole through a transverse connector to achieve firm fixation of the spine. The current posterior spinal fixation device has a pedicle screw For patients with osteoporosis, after pedicle screw fixation, there is a risk of pedicle screw loosening. The existing pedicle screw enhancement techniques include vertebral body pre-filled bone cement enhancement, through The hollow pedicle screw is injected with bone cement, etc., but in case the pedicle screw needs to be taken out by surgery, the firm combination of the bone cement makes it impossible to take out the pedicle screw. On the other hand, the existing pedicle screw, the anterior There are threads in the central and middle parts, and the joint between the tail and the U-shaped groove becomes a weak point for stress and is easy to break. The pedicle screw loosens, falls off and breaks, often requiring revision surgery, which virtually increases the pain and financial burden of the patient.

【Content of invention】

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects and deficiencies in the existing posterior fixation devices, the object of the present invention is to propose a posterior spinal fixation device, which consists of double spindle-shaped universal pedicle screws, locking spinal fixation rods and multi-plane adjustable For the transverse connector, the middle and tail of the pedicle screw in the device form a double-spindle structure, which can effectively prevent the pedicle screw from loosening, falling off and breaking, and the lockable spinal fixation rod can effectively prevent the fixation rod from coming out.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a posterior spinal fixation device, comprising a pedicle screw, a spinal fixation rod and a transverse connector, the pedicle screw comprising a screw body with a double spindle structure and Installed in the U-shaped groove at the end of the nail body, the end of the spinal fixation rod extends into the U-shaped groove, and is positioned by the first locking bolt. The two ends of the transverse connector are provided with hooks, and the transverse connector passes through the U-shaped groove. The hook is connected with the spinal column fixation rod.

As optimized, the present invention includes four pedicle screws, two spinal fixation rods and one or more transverse connectors, the two ends of the spinal fixation rods are respectively fixed by two pedicle screws, and the two spinal fixation rods are set On both sides of the spine, the transverse connectors are buckled on the spinal column fixation rods on both sides through hooks at both ends, and one or more transverse connectors are arranged between the two spinal column fixation rods.

As an optimization, the head of the first locking bolt is screwed and fixed with the U-shaped groove.

As an optimization, one end of the spinal fixation rod is provided with a locking hole cooperating with the first locking bolt screw rod, and the pedicle screw is provided with a threaded hole cooperating with the first locking bolt screw rod, and the locking hole has the same diameter as the threaded hole , the threaded rod of the first locking bolt is screwed into the threaded hole through the locking hole.

As an optimization, the U-shaped groove is connected to the double-spindle structure nail body through a cardan shaft.

As an optimization, the two ends of the spinal column fixation rod are hexagonal prisms matched with a hexagonal wrench.

As an optimization, the transverse connector includes a fixed part and a drawer part, the fixed part is provided with a slideway, the drawer part is provided with a stretching plate extending into the slideway, the fixed part is provided with a limit chute, and the stretching plate There is a limit protrusion that cooperates with the limit chute, and the fixing part is also equipped with a compression bolt for fixing the position of the stretch plate.

As an optimization, the hooks at both ends of the transverse connector are installed on the transverse connector through a cardan shaft.

As an optimization, a limiting threaded hole is provided on the transverse connector, and a limiting bolt for locking the hook and the spinal fixation rod is installed in the limiting threaded hole.

As an optimization, a self-locking washer is arranged between the first locking bolt and the spinal fixation rod.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects. The present invention adopts a double-spindle-shaped nail structure design, which not only enables the pedicle screw to be firmly fixed on the spine, but also effectively solves the problem of bone cement. The problem of taking out the pedicle screw, at the same time, the tail of the present invention adopts a spindle-shaped structure can effectively prevent the pedicle screw from breaking, the structure design is reasonable, and the stability of the pedicle screw can be enhanced, which greatly reduces the patient's pain and economical Burden, has very important medical value.

Further, in the prior art, when using a bender to bend the spinal fixation rod, metal debris is likely to be generated. When inserting the rod, it is only possible to judge whether the rod is placed properly based on the imprint of the bending. If the rod needs to be rotated, only use The rod holder clamps the rod and rotates, forming pinch marks on the spinal fixation rod, and even producing metal debris. The two ends of the spinal fixation rod of the present invention are hexagonal columns, which can be conveniently realized torsion and bending of the spinal fixation rod by cooperating with the internal hexagonal wrench. The wear of the spinal fixation rod is avoided, and the stability of its use is improved.

At present, when the transverse connector is installed in the operation, some patients need to bend the transverse connector in the coronal and sagittal planes before installing it on the spinal fixation rod. On the one hand, these bending operations affect the bone graft On the other hand, the operation time is prolonged. The transverse connector of the present invention includes a fixed end and a pull-out end, which realizes the adjustable length of the transverse connector, and the two ends of the transverse connector are connected to the hook through the cardan shaft to realize The multi-angle rotation of the transverse connector is adjustable, and it can be quickly and accurately fixed with the fixing rod without repeated bending operations on the transverse connector, which greatly shortens the operation time and effectively improves the clinical efficacy.

At present, in the operation, the length of the spinal fixation rod needs to be measured with a soft mold rod, and then cut to a suitable length with a rod cutter. When installing, the end of the rod must exceed the distance from the tail end of the pedicle screw, which is often difficult to grasp. If it is short, the spinal fixation rod will easily come out of the U-shaped groove of the pedicle screw, and if it is too long, it will easily hit the articular process of the adjacent segment, causing related symptoms of the patient. The locking hole of the pedicle screw is provided with a threaded hole that matches the screw rod of the first locking bolt. The diameter of the locking hole is the same as that of the threaded hole. The hole limits the length of the spinal column fixation rod exposed to the pedicle screw, which can also enhance the stability of the spinal column fixation rod.

Further, a self-locking washer is arranged between the first locking bolt and the spinal fixation rod, which improves the self-locking performance of the first locking bolt and effectively prevents the first locking bolt from loosening.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the pedicle screw of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the pedicle screw.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spinal fixation rod.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the transconnector.

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4 .

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first locking bolt, self-locking washer, spinal fixation rod and pedicle screw

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second locking bolt, the spinal fixation rod and the pedicle screw.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fixing device of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings: 1-pedicle screw, 11-double-spindle structure nail body, 12-universal shaft, 13-threaded hole, 14-U-shaped groove, 15-first locking bolt, 16-self-locking washer, 17 -second locking bolt, 2-spinal fixation rod, 21-locking hole, 22-hexagonal prism, 3-transverse connector, 31-drawing end, 311-stretching plate, 312-limiting protrusion, 32-fixation End, 321-limit chute, 33-limit threaded hole, 34 snap hook, 35-press bolt.

【Detailed ways】

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a posterior spinal fixation device includes a pedicle screw 1, a spinal fixation rod 2 and a transverse connector 3, see Figures 1 and 2, the pedicle screw 1 includes a double-spindle structure The nail body 11 and the U-shaped groove 14 installed at the end of the nail body, the U-shaped groove 14 and the double-spindle structure nail body 11 are connected through the cardan shaft 12, the end of the spinal fixation rod 2 extends into the U-shaped groove 14, and The positioning is realized by the first locking bolt 15, and a self-locking washer 16 is arranged between the first locking bolt 15 and the spinal fixation bar 2, and the head of the first locking bolt 15 is screwed and fixed with the U-shaped groove 14; the two ends of the transverse connector 3 A hook 34 is provided, and the transverse connector 3 is connected with the spinal fixation rod 2 through the hook 34 .

Referring to Fig. 3, the two ends of the spinal fixation rod 2 are hexagonal prisms 22 matched with the hexagonal wrench. The threaded hole 13 that the screw rod of the first locking bolt 15 is matched with, the locking hole 21 is the same as the diameter of the threaded hole, and the screw rod of the first locking bolt 15 passes through the locking hole 21 and is screwed into the threaded hole 13 .

4 and 5, the transverse connector 3 includes a fixed part 32 and a drawer part 31, the fixed part 32 is provided with a slideway, the drawer part 31 is provided with a stretching plate 311 extending into the slideway, and on the fixed part 32 A limit chute 321 is set up, and the stretch plate 311 is provided with a limit protrusion 312 cooperating with the limit chute 321. The fixing part 32 is also equipped with a compression bolt 35 for fixing the position of the stretch plate 311, and the transverse connector 3. The hooks 34 at both ends are installed on the transverse connector 3 through the cardan shaft, and the transverse connector 3 is provided with a limiting threaded hole 33, which is installed in the limiting threaded hole 33 for locking the hook 34 and the spinal fixation rod 2. Limit bolt.

Referring to Fig. 8, the present invention includes four pedicle screws 1, two spinal fixation rods 2 and one or more transverse connectors 3, the two ends of the spinal fixation rods 2 are respectively fixed by two pedicle screws 1, and the two A spinal fixation rod 2 is arranged on both sides of the spine, and the transverse connector 3 is buckled on the spinal fixation rod 2 on both sides through the hooks 34 at both ends, and one or more transverse connectors 3 are arranged between the two spinal fixation rods 2 ;

It should be understood that the number of pedicle screws 1 of the present invention is not limited to four, and the number of pedicle screws 1 is determined according to the spinal segment that needs to be fixed and fused.

During spinal surgery, after inserting the pedicle screw 1 of appropriate length and diameter, cut and bend the spinal fixation rod 2 according to the length, the locking hole 21 is directly behind the sagittal plane during bending, and after installing the spinal fixation rod 2 , by rotating the hexagonal prism at the tail end to rotate the spinal fixation rod 2 to align the locking hole 21 with the threaded hole 13 of the pedicle screw 1, then screw the first locking bolt 15 through the locking hole 21 into the threaded hole 13, and tighten it first The first locking bolt 15 fixes one end of the spinal fixation rod 2, and then screws the second locking bolt 17 into the pedicle screw 1 on the other end of the spinal fixation rod to realize the spinal fixation rod 2, the pedicle screw 1 and the pedicle. Lock the U-shaped groove 14 of the nail 1; then select the appropriate transverse connector 3, buckle the transverse connector 3 on the spinal fixation rods 2 on both sides through the hooks 34 at both ends, and tighten the two ends of the transverse connector 3 to limit the position The bolts in the threaded holes 33 realize the tight connection between the transverse connector 3 and the spinal fixation bar 2, and then the compression bolts on the transverse connector 3 are tightened to lock the length of the transverse connector 3 to complete the installation and fixation.

As a preferred embodiment, the pedicle screw 1, the spinal fixation rod 2 and the transverse connector 3 of the present invention are all made of medical titanium alloy material, the outer diameter of the spinal fixation rod 2 is 5.5mm, and the two ends of the spinal fixation rod 2 It is a hexagonal prism, which facilitates the rotation of the spinal fixation rod 2. The cross section of the transverse connector 3 is a square. The transverse connector 3 is directly buckled on the spinal fixation rod 2 through the hook 34; the length of the transverse connector 3 is divided into three optional specifications, and the length ranges are 5.0cm-6.0cm, 6.0cm-7.0cm and 7.0cm-9.0 cm.

Claims (10)

1. a way of escape spinal fixation system, it is characterized in that: comprise pedicle nail (1), spinal column fixing rod (2) and lateral connector (3), described pedicle nail (1) comprises with two fusellal fabric rivet nut (11) and the U-type groove (14) being arranged on rivet nut end, the end of described spinal column fixing rod (2) is stretched in U-type groove (14), and realize location by lock(ing) bolt, described lateral connector (3) two ends are provided with grab (34), lateral connector (3) realizes being connected with spinal column fixing rod (2) by grab (34).

2. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise four pedicle nails (1), two spinal column fixing rods (2) and one or more lateral connector (3), the two ends of spinal column fixing rod (2) are fixed by two pedicle nails (1) respectively, two spinal column fixing rods (2) are arranged on spinal column both sides, lateral connector (3) is buckled on the spinal column fixing rod (2) of both sides by the grab (34) at two ends, one or more lateral connector (3) is provided with between two spinal column fixing rods (2).

3. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lock(ing) bolt comprises the first lock(ing) bolt (15) and the second lock(ing) bolt (17), and the head of lock(ing) bolt is threaded fixing with U-type groove (14).

4. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described spinal column fixing rod (2) one end is provided with the lock hole (21) coordinated with the first lock(ing) bolt (15) screw rod, described pedicle nail (1) is provided with the screwed hole (13) coordinated with the first lock(ing) bolt (15) screw rod, lock hole (21) is identical with screwed hole aperture, and the screw rod of the first lock(ing) bolt (15) screws in screwed hole (13) through lock hole (21).

5. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, is provided with self-locking packing ring (16) between described first lock(ing) bolt (15) and spinal column fixing rod (2).

6. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described U-type groove (14) realizes being connected by universal drive shaft (12) with two fusellal fabric rivet nut (11).

7. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described spinal column fixing rod (2) two ends are six prisms (22) coordinated with allen wrench.

8. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lateral connector (3) comprises fixed part (32) and withdrawing part (31), fixed part is provided with slideway in (32), withdrawing part (31) is provided with the drawing plate (311) stretched in slideway, fixed part (32) offers limit sliding chutes (321), drawing plate (311) is provided with the spacing preiection (312) coordinated with limit sliding chutes (321), described fixed part (32) is also provided with the hold-down bolt (35) for fixing drawing plate (311) position.

9. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the grab (34) at described lateral connector (3) two ends is arranged on lateral connector (3) by universal drive shaft.

10. a kind of way of escape spinal fixation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lateral connector (3) is provided with spacing screwed hole (33), the caging bolt for locking grab (34) and spinal column fixing rod (2) is installed in spacing screwed hole (33).