CN1050330C - car air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

An air conditioner for a vehicle includes cold air ducts, a refrigerating heat exchanger disposed in each of the cold air ducts, a cover for covering the refrigerating heat exchanger to define an air flow passage for an air flow of the refrigerating heat exchanger, an air outlet provided in the cover in a downstream direction of the air flow of the refrigerating heat exchanger, and a plurality of blowers disposed in parallel on an outer side surface of the cover. The plurality of blowers comprise a volute casing and a centrifugal fan, the volute casing is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is arranged on one side of the volute casing, the outlet is arranged on the outer periphery of the volute casing in the cold air duct, and the centrifugal fan is arranged in the volute casing.

Description

car air conditioner

The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner having a cooler, and more particularly to a vehicle air conditioner suitable for a vehicle such as a bus.

In a conventional air conditioner for a bus, the cold air passage is arranged on the right-hand side and the left-hand side of the roof of the vehicle along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the cooler is arranged at an appropriate position in the cold air passage, so that The cold air that is refrigerated by the cold heat exchanger can be blown out from several outlets that are arranged on the cold air duct and are directed at the passenger's head direction.

In the above-mentioned technology, what adopt is common cooler, and this cooler is to constitute by placing the refrigeration heat exchanger in the heat shield, and just is arranged in the cold air passage without improving.

In the coolers on both sides, a centrifugal blower is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and a branch pipe is used between the downlink end of the cooling heat exchanger and the blower to communicate with the airflow channel.

As a result, the installation work must be carried out in three steps of installing the above-mentioned cooler, centrifugal blower and branch pipes on the bus. Therefore, there is a problem that the installation work is complicated.

In addition, high cost is required to manufacture said branch pipes, causing a problem that the cost of the air conditioner increases. In addition, the shape of the branch pipe must be compatible with the cold air duct at the end towards the vehicle, which brings about another problem of lack of versatility.

The present invention is conceived in view of the problems described so far, and its purpose is to provide a vehicle air conditioner, which is small in size and simple in structure, and its refrigerating heat exchanger part and blower part are directly connected, No connecting tubes were used.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a recommended embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a car air conditioner, which includes: a cold air duct, arranged on the roof of the vehicle along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and including several cold air outlets and an inlet, wherein the cold air outlet is used to blow cold air into the compartment of the vehicle, and the inlet is used to suck the air in the compartment; a heat exchanger, used for cooling, is arranged in each cold air duct and along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle Extended to cool the air sucked in from the inlet; a cover, extending longitudinally along the vehicle, used to cover the cooling heat exchanger on the cold air passage to define an airflow channel of the cooling heat exchanger; air outlet , arranged on the cover of the cooling heat exchanger in the downward direction of the air flow and on the surface extending along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on the cover; and several blowers, arranged side by side on the cold air passage On the outer side of the shroud with air outlets, each of the several blowers includes a volute and a centrifugal fan, the volute has an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet is arranged in one of the volutes On the side, it is used to suck air from the downward direction of the refrigeration heat exchanger to the air outlet, and the outlet is arranged on the outer periphery of the volute casing in the cold air passage, and the centrifugal fan is arranged in the volute casing to suck the air sucked in from the inlet. The air is blown toward the outlet, and the shafts of the centrifugal fans of several blowers therein are arranged in such a way that the shafts extend in the width direction of the vehicle.

In another recommended embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle air conditioner further includes a drain pan, which is arranged under the cooling heat exchanger and the cover for containing water dripping from the cooling heat exchanger. Condensation and condensation that develops on the outer surface of the cover.

In another recommended embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a supporting element and a mounting element, the supporting element is used to support the volute casings of several blowers, and the mounting element is interposed between the volute casing and the supporting element The space is used to locate the rotatable installation position of the volute.

In a further recommended embodiment of the present invention, the mounting element has a groove and a connecting piece, wherein the groove is arranged along a circumference of each volute, and the connecting piece is used to fix the volute to the mounting element through the groove. On the other hand, the installation position of the volute can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the connecting piece in the groove along the direction of rotation of the centrifugal fan.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting element has a plurality of small holes and connecting parts, wherein the small holes are distributed on a circumference around a predetermined position of each volute on the mounting element, and connected The part acts to fix the volute on the mounting element through the small hole, the number of small holes is more than that of the connecting piece, the rotational installation position of the volute can be adjusted by selecting the position of the small hole to be assembled with the connecting piece Make adjustments.

According to the above technical measures of the present invention, the inlet of the centrifugal blower directly communicates with the hollow outlet on the rear surface of the cover, and the wind direction on the rear surface of the cover changes by 90°, from the width direction to the length direction of the vehicle, Thereby, the branch pipe and connecting pipe that adopt in the prior art have just all been canceled in the present invention.

As a result, the cost of making these lines is eliminated and the cooler consisting of the heat exchanger, cover, blower, and drain pan can be pre-assembled at the factory so that it can be easily installed as an assembly in the on the vehicle. In this way, an important effect obtained is that the cooler can be efficiently installed on the vehicle in a very short time.

In addition to the above effects, a drain pan is provided under the refrigerating heat exchanger and the cover, which is used to accommodate the condensed water dripping from the refrigerating heat exchanger and on the outer surface of the cover. Condensate produced. As a result, even if condensed water is generated on the outer surface of the cover according to the operating conditions of the air conditioner, the condensed water can be reliably contained in the drain pan, thereby preventing the condensed water from splashing into the vehicle compartment.

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view according to an embodiment of the present invention, this figure illustrates the installation structure of cooler and vehicle cold air duct;

Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective view of essential part of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the general perspective view of the whole of a bus, this bus has adopted the device described in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a disposition diagram, and this figure illustrates the arrangement situation of cooler and cold air channel of the present invention, and this is viewed from the back side;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view, and this figure illustrates the arrangement of cooler and cold air channel of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a partial section, which illustrates the layout of the cooler and the cold air duct, which is viewed from the front;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a partial section, which illustrates the layout of the cooler and the cold air passage, which is viewed from the back;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the cover of the present invention;

9A and 9B are perspective and front views, respectively, of the drain pan of the present invention;

10A and 10B are side views of cooler structures;

Figure 11 is a front view of the mounting plate of the blower volute inside the cooler;

Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the combination scheme of the outlet direction of the blower volute in the cooler according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which also illustrates the corresponding position for installing the cooler;

13 is a front view of a mounting plate of a blower volute according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

14A to 14C are explanatory views of various combinations of changing the outlet direction of the blower volute according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 15 is an overall perspective view of the blower housing;

Figure 16 is a general perspective view of the blower outlet;

Fig. 17 is the overall structural diagram of cooler arrangement scheme;

Figure 18 is a block diagram of the circuit; and

19A and 19B are temperature characteristic diagrams of the cooling air in the cold air duct.

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. 1 to 9 show a first embodiment, and FIG. 3 schematically shows a bus 1 equipped with the device according to the invention. Reference numerals 2 and 3 denote cold air ducts which are provided at the positions of the right and left corners of the roof of the bus 1 and are provided in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The installation of the cold air duct 2 or 3 is shown in Figure 4, the cold air duct 2 and the cold air duct 3 have the same structure, therefore, the parts of the cold air duct 3 are indicated by the numbers in brackets, and there are several cold air outlets on the lower surface of the cold air duct 4. The cold air outlet 4 is used to blow the cold air from the cold air duct to the head of the passenger in the compartment.

Reference numerals 5 and 6 represent coolers installed in the cold air passages 2 and 3, respectively. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the coolers 5 and 6 are installed in the middle of the bus 1, respectively. The two coolers 5 and 6 are identical in structure and are equipped with a heat exchanger 7 as shown in FIG. 5 . In particular, these heat exchangers 7 are constituted by refrigerant evaporators in the refrigerating cycle, so that the refrigerant circulates in the heat exchangers 7 of the respective coolers 5 and 6 by means of a compressor 8 in the refrigerating cycle, compressing Machine 8 is installed in the last position of bus 1 as shown in Figure 3. The compressor 8 here is driven by a vehicle drive motor (not shown), which is mounted on the rear end of the vehicle.

The specific structure of the coolers 5 and 6, which form an essential part of the present invention, will be described in detail below. The section of the cooling heat exchanger 7 is rectangular, and as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , the heat exchanger 7 extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 7 has a structure in which plate-shaped fins 7a and reciprocating circuit pipes 7b communicate, and mounting side plates 7c are provided at both longitudinal ends.

The cover 10 defines the airflow channel of the heat exchanger 7, and its structure is such that the steel plate is bent into an "L" shape by stamping, and a piece is welded on the downward side of the end face of the heat exchanger 7. Auxiliary plate 10a. The cover 10 constructed in this way also extends longitudinally and has an elongated shape. The cover covers the upper surface of the heat exchanger 7 and the downward portion of the upper surface, thereby forming the air flow passage of the heat exchanger 7 .

Four circular air outlets 10b are provided on the side of the cover 10 in the direction opposite to the trunk, the specific opening positions are on the surface 10c, and the surface 10c extends along the longitudinal direction. On the other hand, the cover 10 ends at the upper end of the heat exchanger 7 on the side of its compartment, which is the air inlet, so that the surface of the heat exchanger 7 at the air inlet is directly in contact with the cold air duct 2 or 3 The air inlet 9 of the compartment of the car is facing, and does not pass through the inside of the cover 10 (this point is shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6).

The cold air channel 2 or 3 is arranged on the inside of the suction port 9, and is attached with a suction filter 9a, which is used to filter dust or similar impurities in the suction air. By the way, a windshield seal 13 made of elastic sealing material is provided between the periphery of the front (side facing the vehicle compartment) of the heat exchanger 7 and the periphery of the suction port 9 of the cold air passage 2 or 3 .

At the rear of the cover 10 (air flow downstream end), several blowers 11 and 12 are juxtaposed, and these blowers directly communicate with the above-mentioned air outlet 10b. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the blowers 11 on the two left-hand sides make the cold air in the cold air passage 2 or 3 blow forward along the direction A of the vehicle, while the blowers 12 on the two right-hand sides make the cold wind The cold wind in lane 2 or 3 is blown backward along the B direction of the vehicle.

Each blower 11 or 12 has an electrically driven centrifugal blower, driven by a motor 11a or 12a, respectively, and each blower has a volute 11b or 12b, which has the well-known Spiral structure (as shown in Figure 1). Such a volute 11b or 12b has integrally formed cylindrical inlets 11c and 12c in the center of one side for sucking in air. The cylindrical inlet 11c or 12c directly cooperates with the circular air outlet 10b on the rear surface 10c of the cover 10 (as shown in FIG. 5 ).

On the other hand, a centrifugal fan 11d or 12d is provided in the volute case 11b or 12b, and the centrifugal fan 11d or 12d is driven to rotate by the above-mentioned motor 11a or 12a. Such a centrifugal fan 11d or 12d is a well-known multi-bladed fan, usually called a "Scirocco fan". The air sucked from the inlet 11c or 12c by the action of the centrifugal fan 11d or 12d is blown into the cold air passage 2 or 3 from the outlet 11e or 12e, and the outlet 11e or 12e forms the outward opening of the volute 11b or 12b. around. The blower 11 or 12 is arranged such that the shaft 11g or 12g of the centrifugal fan 11d or 12d (as shown in FIG. 5) extends along the width direction of the vehicle.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, a water-absorbing element 11f is attached to the inner side of the outlet 11e or 12e (although the outlet 12e does not show its water-absorbing element), which is made of water-absorbing material, such as sponge, so as to prevent Water is sprayed from the outlet 11e or 12e.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a metal frame for supporting the cooler 5 or 6 . As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 14 extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle along the outer shape of the cooler 5 or 6, and the frame 14 is formed in such a shape. Metal supporting plates 14a are respectively welded at the two longitudinal ends and the middle part of the frame 14 .

The side plate 7c of the heat exchanger 7 and the auxiliary plate 10a of the cover 10 are connected to each other by bolts (not shown), and further connected to the support plate 14a of the frame 14 by bolts 15a.

On the other hand, the support plate 14b is connected to the upper part of the side plate 7c on the front side of the heat exchanger 7 by the bolt 15b. Below the heat exchanger 7 and the cover 10 is provided a dish-shaped drain pan 16 which covers the entire area of the parts 7 and 10; condensation on the outer surface of the cover 10. The drain pan 16 has an upturned edge, which is located outside the side surface 10c of the cover 10, and is connected to the cover 10 by a bolt 15c through a supporting plate 16a, and several positions of the upturned edge are connected with the bracket. Plate 16a is connected.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the bottom surface of the drain pan 16 is higher in the middle along the vehicle length direction, and lowest at the two longitudinal ends. Drain pipes 16b are also installed at both ends to remove condensed water.

On the other hand, the volute 11b or 12b of the blower 11 or 12 is mounted on the frame 14 through a metal mounting plate not shown. Thus, the various components, including the heat exchanger 7, the cover 10, the blowers 11 and 12, and the drain pan 16, are mounted on one structure, thereby constituting the cooler 5 or 6.

The above-mentioned frame 14 is fastened and fixed on the ceiling 1 a of the car body of the bus 1 (as shown in FIG. 1 ) by bolts 17 through the supporting plate 14 a. On the other hand, the front side of the heat exchanger 7 (on the side of the inlet 9 ) is directly fixed to the ceiling 1 a by bolts 18 via the bracket 14 b (as shown in FIG. 1 ).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1 , the cold air duct 2 or 3 has an opening 19 whose size is adapted to the size of the cooler 5 or 6 , and the opening 19 can be sealed by a cover plate 20 . The cover plate 20 is detachably connected to the cold air channel 2 or 3 through detachable elements such as bolts. As a result, the cooler 5 or 6 can be maintained and inspected by removing the cover plate 20 .

Although the blowing direction of the blower 11 or 12 has been fixed up to here in this embodiment, a structure in which the blowing direction can be arbitrarily changed will be described below.

In FIGS. 10A and 10B , reference numeral 14 denotes a metal frame which is a member for supporting the cooler 5 or 6 . The metal frame is made in the shape of a letter "C" on the whole, and the heat exchanger 7 and the cover 10 are connected to the metal frame. On the other hand, the blower 11 or 12 is fixed to the frame 14 via a metal mounting plate 15 as a mounting member. The frame 14 is mounted and fixed on the roof of the bus body via a bracket 14a. On the other hand, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the heat exchanger 7 is installed and fixed on the roof of the vehicle body at one side of its inlet 9 by a supporting plate 14b.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11, the mounting plate 115 is made of a metal such as iron and is generally circular, and is processed with a circular central hole 115a to fit the motor 11a or 12a. Further, the center P of the mounting plate 115 is aligned with the center of the volute case 11b or 12b, and the mounting plate 115 is processed with several (for example, 6 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 ) on the circumference around the center. a) slots 115b of the same size.

Further, the right-hand side and the left-hand side of the central hole 115a of the mounting plate 115 are provided with a mounting element 115c that is integrally connected with it, and the mounting plate 115 is fixed by a bolt through the mounting element 115c (as shown in Figures 10A and 10B). ) and fixed on the frame 14. Reference numeral 116 denotes a bolt as a connecting member for fastening the mounting plate 115 and the volute 11b or 12b of the blower 11 or 12 together. These bolts 116 fit into the above-mentioned grooves 115b, and securely connect the volute 11b or 12b and the mounting plate 115 together by tightening the nuts shown.

The side plate 7c of the heat exchanger 7 and the auxiliary plate 10a of the cover 10 are connected to each other by bolts (not shown), and further connected to the support plate 14a of the frame 14 by bolts 15a.

On the other hand, the upper part of the front side plate 7c of the heat exchanger 7 is fastened together with the bolt 15b and the support plate 14b.

As shown in FIG. 15, an outlet 11e is provided on the volute 11b of the blower 11, and a groove 11h for storing condensed water is provided at the lower part of the outlet 11e. The groove 11h has a connection hole 11g, and the connection hole 11g is connected to a drain pipe to be described below. As shown in Figures 10A and 10B, an axially extending drainage pipe 110 communicates between the outlet 11e of the blower 11 and the cover 10, for example, the drainage pipe 110 can be made of a flexible hose. At the center of the bottom surface of the cover 10 is a drain port 100 for draining condensed water from the drain pipe 110 and the heat exchanger.

As shown in Figure 16, the drainpipe 110 used to connect the lower part of the outlet 11e of the blower 11 shown in Figure 15 with the cover 10 and the drain 100 on the bottom surface of the cover 10 are all eliminated and replaced by The water-absorbing element 11f, the water-absorbing element 11f cooperates with the outlet 11e of the blower 11, is made of sponge like rubber felt or filter paper. Incidentally, the water-absorbing member 11f is not necessarily limited to a specific shape, as shown in FIG. 16, may be an ideal shape suitable for fitting with the outlet 11e, and the height H of the water-absorbing member may be about half the height of the outlet 11e. .

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the condensed water to be discharged from the outlet 11e of the blower 11 is temporarily absorbed by the water absorbing member 11f, then vaporized and discharged by draining, so that the condensed water does not accumulate in the outlet 11e. the lower part. As a result, even when the blower rotates at a high speed, the condensed water will not splash into the vehicle compartment from the cold air outlet of the cold air duct 2 or 3 . Incidentally, the cost of this embodiment is lower than that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

As shown in Figure 17, in terms of cooling operation, the interior of the carriage can be divided into four areas: I, II, III, and IV: the outlet of the first half of the first air duct 2 blows cold air to area I; the first air duct 2 The outlet of the second half of the second air duct 3 blows cold wind to the region II; the outlet of the first half of the second air duct 3 blows cold wind to the area III;

Further, in order to cool each of the regions I to IV, temperature detection devices are installed in the regions I to IV, that is, the ends of the first air duct 2 and the second air duct 3 are facing the blowing direction of the cold wind The first to fourth temperature sensors 29 to 32 are installed at the front end of the area I, the rear end of the area II, the front end of the area III and the rear end of the area IV.

On the other hand, FIG. 18 illustrates a circuit configuration for controlling the first and second coolers 5 and 6. As shown in FIG. A loop is formed by the DC power supply 33: the control circuit 35 as the control device and the load-side main relay 36 parallel thereto are connected by the manual main switch 34; the load-side is connected by the relay switch 36a of the load-side main relay 36 Circuit 37.

The above-mentioned control circuit 35 includes a microprocessor, and the temperature signals measured by the first to fourth temperature sensors 29 to 32 are fed back to the control circuit 35 . Further, when the measured temperature of the first temperature sensor 29 exceeds the first reference value, the first low mode relay 38 of the control circuit 35 becomes ON, and when the measured temperature exceeds the first reference value At the second reference, not only the first low mode relay but also the first high mode relay 39 are turned ON.

Similar to this, when the measured temperature of the second temperature sensor 30 exceeds the above-mentioned first reference value, the second low mode relay 40 of the control circuit 35 becomes ON; when it exceeds the above-mentioned second reference value value, in addition to the second low mode relay 40, the second high mode relay 41 also becomes ON; when the measured temperature of the third temperature sensor 31 exceeds the above-mentioned first reference value, the third low mode The relay 42 turns ON; when it exceeds the above-mentioned second reference value, the third high mode relay 43 besides the third low mode relay 42 also turns ON; when the measured temperature of the fourth temperature sensor 32 When the above-mentioned first reference value is exceeded, the fourth low-mode relay 44 turns ON; when it exceeds the above-mentioned second reference value, the fourth high-mode relay 45 other than the fourth low-mode relay 44 also turns ON.

On the other hand, at above-mentioned load end circuit 37 also have several parallel paths: by the relay switch 38a of the first low mode relay 38, the motor 117b of the forward blower 117 of the first cooler 5 and the first The relay switch 39a of a high mode relay 39 constitutes a path; by the relay switch 40a of the second low mode relay 40, the motor 119b of the backward blower 119 of the first cooler 5 and the second high mode The relay switch 41a of relay 41 constitutes a path; by the relay switch 42a of the 3rd low mode relay 42, the motor 118b of the forward blower 118 of the second cooler 6 and the 3rd high mode relay 43. The relay switch 4a constitutes a path; by the relay switch 44a of the fourth low mode relay 44, the motor 120b of the backward blower 120 of the second cooler 6 and the relay switch 45a of the fourth high mode relay 45 constitutes a pathway. Further, resistors 46 to 49 are connected in parallel to the relay switches 39a, 41a, 43a and 45a of the first to fourth high mode relays 39, 41, 43 and 45.

In combination with such a structure, the operation process of the above-mentioned embodiment will be described below. When the motors 11a and 12a were activated to drive the blowers 11 and 12, the air in the compartment was sucked from the inlets 9 of the air passages 2 and 3, and when the sucked air passed through the refrigeration heat exchanger 7, the refrigerant was passed through Circulation in the heat exchanger 7 and the evaporation of the refrigerant, the cooling of the sucked air becomes cold wind. Then, the formed cold wind circulates in the cover 10, enters the volute casings 11b and 12b from the inlets 11c and 12c of the blowers 11 and 12, and is compressed by the centrifugal fans 11d and 12d here, and passes through the outlets 11e and 12e. Access ducts 2 and 3.

Like this, cold wind is just blown downwards from several cold wind outlets 4, and on the lower surface of air duct 2 and 3, cold wind outlet 4 is all over, and cold wind blows to passenger's head and makes compartment cooling.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the coolers 5 and 6 are generally longitudinally arranged in the middle of the bus, so that the cold wind passes through the two front blowers 11 in the direction shown by arrow A. The front of the vehicle is blown, and similarly, the direction shown by the arrow B is blown to the rear of the vehicle through the two rear blowers 12 .

As shown in (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) in Figure 12, according to the size of the car body 1 of the bus, the technical conditions of the car box and other conditions, the cooler 5 and 6 can be arranged at different positions, therefore, according to the present invention, by adjusting the directions of the outlets 11e and 12e of several blowers 11 and 12 according to different positions, the distribution trend of the cold wind blowing to various parts of the carriage can be made. in agreement.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 11 , the fastening bolt 116 for fastening the volute 11b or 12b can change its position in the groove 115b of the mounting plate 115 , for example, from position 116 to 116a. Thus, the installation position of the volute 11b or 12b can be changed along the direction of rotation, ie, along the direction E, as shown by positions F and D in FIG. 11, thereby changing the direction of the outlet 11e or 12e. As shown in situation (a) in Fig. 12, in the case that coolers 5 and 6 are arranged at the front end of bus 1, the rotational installation positions of the volutes 11b and 12b of blowers 11 and 12 are determined in this way What is necessary is that the directions of the outlets 11e and 12e should be suitable so that the air streams blown from the blowers 11 and 12 can be completely blown toward the rear of the vehicle.

As shown in case (b) in FIG. 12, in the case where the coolers 5 and 6 are generally disposed in the middle of the bus 1, the rotational installation positions of the volute cases 11b and 12b of the blowers 11 and 12 are Determined in this way, the directions of the outlets 11e and 12e are suitable for the air flow blown from the blower 11 to the front of the vehicle, while the air flow blown from the blower 12 is blown to the rear of the vehicle.

As shown in situation (c) in Fig. 12, under the situation that coolers 5 and 6 are arranged at the rearmost end of bus 1, the outlets 11e and 12e of the volutes 11b and 12b of blowers 11 and 12 are determined in this way Yes, the air flow blown from the blowers 11 and 12 can be completely blown toward the front of the vehicle.

On the other hand, as shown in case (d) in FIG. The outlets 11e and 12e of the volute cases 11b and 12b are determined such that only the air blown from the blower 11 at the front end is blown toward the front of the vehicle, while the air from the other three blowers 11, 12 and 12 is blown toward the front of the vehicle. The air flow blown from the center is blown to the rear of the vehicle.

On the other hand, as shown in the case (e) in FIG. The outlets 11e and 12e of the volute cases 11b and 12b are determined in such a way that only the air blown from the air blower 12 at the rear end is blown to the rear of the vehicle, and the air from the other three air blowers 11, 11 and 12 is blown to the rear of the vehicle. The blown air stream is blown toward the front of the vehicle.

In this way, the distribution of the air flow blown by the cold wind to various positions in the compartment can be balanced, which does not require any changes to the shapes of the cold air passages 2 and 3, but only by changing several positions according to the positions of the coolers 5 and 6. The orientation of the outlets 11e and 12e of the blowers 11 and 12 is achieved.

Fig. 13 illustrates another embodiment, in this embodiment, on the circumference Q around center point P, on the position of above-mentioned slot 115b of mounting plate 115, be provided with more number (such as 24 or 6) 4 times the bolt 116) circular small hole 115d to accommodate the bolt 116. The rotational mounting position of the volute 11b or 12b of the blower 11 or 12 can be adjusted by selecting the position of the small hole 115d for the bolt 116 to set the direction of the outlet 11e or 12e.

14A to 14C illustrate another embodiment in which the coolers 5 and 6 arranged on the right-hand and left-hand sides of the bus body are absolutely identical. In addition, the balance of the distribution of the cold air flow is not achieved by adjusting the rotational installation positions of the volute casings 11b and 12b of the blowers 11 and 12, (in order to facilitate understanding, the blowers are respectively marked with 1 in this embodiment. to 8 representations), but by exchanging blowers 11 and 12 to achieve.

In particular, Figure 14(a) shows a basic arrangement, Figure 14(b) shows two blowers 12 on each side being interchanged, and Figure 14(c) shows one blower 12 on each side performing exchanged. Through this interchange, it is possible to freely select the installation positions of the coolers 5 and 6 .

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the common frame 4 serves as a support member for supporting the refrigeration heat exchanger 7 and the blowers 11 and 12. However, notwithstanding what the specification says, the present invention can be practiced even in the case where the frame 14 is used only as a support element for the refrigeration heat exchanger 7, while the blowers 11 and 12 pass directly through the The mounting plate 115 is supported on support elements on the bus body side.

The operation of the above control circuit will now be explained. We assume that the main switch 34 is in the ON state, so the load-side main relay 36 is also in the ON state, and the relay 36a is also in the ON state.

In this case, for example, if the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 29 in zone I is not less than the second reference value, the control circuit 35 makes the first low mode relay 38 and the first high mode relay 38 Mode relays 39 are both energized. Both relay switches 38a and 39a are thus turned ON to energize the motor 117b so that the forward blower 117 of the first cooler 5 starts to operate. At this time, the voltage supplied to the motor 117b is not passing through the resistor 46, therefore, the forward blower 117 is in the high mode state for the high mode blowing rate.

Thus, as described above, when the blower 11 forward of the first cooler 5 is operated in high mode, the air in the cabin is sucked in from the inlet 9 and cooled while passing through the heat exchanger 7 . The air flow thus cooled by the heat exchanger is blown forward into the first air duct 2 from the outlet 11e. The cold wind blown forward in the first air duct 2 is blown into the area I from the outlet of the first half of the first air duct 2 .

As mentioned above, when the temperature of zone I drops below the second reference value by the cold wind blowing from the outlet, the first temperature sensor 29 has just monitored this state, so the control circuit 35 has just made the first high mode The relay 39 is turned into an OFF state, and the relay switch 39a is turned off accordingly. As a result, the voltage supplied to the motor 117b passes through the resistor 46, the motor 117b is switched to a low speed rotation state, and thus the forward blower 11 is switched to a low mode state for low mode blowing rates. Due to the operation of the low mode state of the forward blower 11, when the temperature in zone I drops below the first reference value, the first temperature sensor 29 detects this state, thus, the control circuit 35 Place the first low mode relay 38 and the corresponding relay switch 38a in the OFF state. Thus, the operation of the forward blower 11 of the first cooler 5 is stopped. When the first temperature sensor 29 once again detects that the temperature is higher than the first reference value or the second reference value, the forward air blower 11 is in the low mode state or in the high mode state according to the above-mentioned operation process. run.

On the other hand, when the temperature of zone II is higher than the first reference value or the second reference value, the second low mode relay 40 becomes ON state or the second low mode relay 40 and the second high mode relay 41 are turned ON, so that the rearward blower 12 of the first cooler 5 operates either in a low mode state or in a high mode state. When the temperature of zone II is lower than the first reference value by the cool air blown from the outlet of the second half of the first air duct 2, the operation of the backward blower 12 is stopped.

Similarly, when the temperature of zones III and IV is higher than the first reference value or the second reference value, the forward blower 11 and the rearward blower 12 of the second cooler 6 are just according to the first reference value or the second reference value. The temperatures measured by the three temperature sensors 31 and the fourth temperature sensor 32 operate in the low mode state or in the high mode state. When the regions III and IV are cooled below the first reference value by the cold wind blown from the outlets of the first half and the rear half of the second air duct 3, the direction of the second cooler 6 The operation of the front air blower 11 and the rear air blower 12 has just stopped.

Like this, according to above-mentioned each embodiment, first and second cooler 5 and 6 are longitudinally arranged in the middle part of first and second air channel 2 and 3, first and second cooler 5 and 6 all have several air blowers, forward air blower 11 is used for forward blowing operation, and backward air blower 12 is then used for backward blowing operation, and these forward air blowers 11 The operation of the blower 12 and the rear is all controlled according to the measured temperatures of the first to fourth temperature sensors 29 to 32. Zones I to IV can be cooled separately by switching the blowing directions of the air slide valves in the two sets of coolers, thereby reducing costs.

In addition, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the first and second coolers 5 and 6 are longitudinally arranged at the center of the first and second air ducts 2 and 3, and the first and second coolers 5 and 6 The forward blowers 11 and the rear blowers 12 may be the same in number. The space of each zone I to IV is also set to be equal so that the refrigeration capacity of each zone is the same. As a result, the first and second coolers 5 and 6 can be symmetrical in the longitudinal direction and can be identical. Therefore, it is possible to do quite well in terms of installation and working efficiency, thereby further reducing the cost.

Further, the first and second coolers 5 and 6 are longitudinally arranged at the central parts of the first and second air passages 2 and 3, so that in the first and second air passages, the temperature rise of the cold wind can be controlled at a low rate. Particularly, since the first and second air ducts are installed on the roof of the bus compartment, it is impossible for the cold air circulating in the first and second air ducts to be gradually raised in temperature by a kind of heat, which is Generated on the roof of the bus by the radiant heat of the sun. However, in the case where the first and second coolers 5 and 6 are longitudinally arranged at the central portions of the first and second air passages 2 and 3, the first and second coolers 5 and 6 to the first The lengths of the two longitudinal ends of the first and second air ducts 2 and 3 can be shortened to reduce the temperature rise rate of the cold air. Figures 19A and 19B illustrate the temperature test results of the cold air circulating in the air ducts D1 and D2, wherein the coolers C1 and C2 are arranged at the rearmost ends of the air ducts D1 and D2, and Figure 19B shows the above-mentioned implementation of the present invention example results. From Fig. 19A and Fig. 19B, it can be clearly seen that the rate of temperature rise of the cold air of the present invention is lower, so that the regions near the front and rear ends of the first and second air passages 2 and 3 can also be refrigerated to a satisfactory degree.

Further, according to the present invention, the first to fourth temperature sensors 29 to 32 for monitoring the temperature of each zone I to IV are all arranged at the corresponding front and rear ends of the first and second air ducts 2 and 3 position. As a result, the temperature in each zone monitored by the first to fourth temperature sensors 29 to 32 is the temperature of cooling by the cold wind blown from the air outlets at the front and rear ends, and such outlets will be subjected to long-term The influence of solar radiation on time. This makes it possible to save zones from the consequences of cooling efficiency shortages.

Further, according to the present invention, the blowing rate of the forward blower 11 and the backward blower 12 can be switched (to a high mode state or a low mode state) according to the temperature of each zone I to IV. As a result, if the temperature in these areas is higher, the cold wind blown in areas I to IV is just more, if the temperature in these areas is not too high, the cold wind blown in areas I to IV will be less. Therefore, the blower can operate at a corresponding cooling air blowing rate according to the required cooling capacity.

The control circuit 35 is a precision device for determining the cooling capacity (or cold air blowing rate) required by each zone I to IV according to the measured temperatures of the temperature sensors 29 to 32 . The first to fourth low mode relays 38, 40, 42 and 44 and the first to fourth high mode relays 39, 41, 43 and 45, which are switched ON/OFF by the control circuit 35, constitute the control motor 17b to 20b speed means. The speed control device is not limited to two levels of speed control in high and low mode, but can also be modified to three or more or stepless control speed control devices.

The first and second forward blowers 11 and the first and second rearward blowers 12 may each comprise only one blower.

The application of the present invention is not limited to buses, and can also be extended to air conditioners of ordinary vehicles. The compartment of the vehicle can be divided into four regions for cooling respectively.

The inlets 11c and 12c of the single-side suction centrifugal blowers 11 and 12 directly cooperate with the air outlet 10b on the rear surface of the cover 10, so that the wind direction is directly turned back by 90° on the rear surface of the cover 10 (also It is from the width direction C to the longitudinal direction A and B), without using unnecessary branch pipes or connecting pipes, which are used in the prior art. As a result, the cooler 5 or 6 including the heat exchanger 7, the cover 10, the blower 11 or 12 and the drain pan 16 can be pre-assembled at the factory and easily installed in the vehicle as an assembly. superior.

In addition, the structural size of the cooler 5 or 6 is sufficiently small so that it can be completely accommodated in the cold air duct 2 or 3 . As a result, the cooler 5 or 6 is not exposed, which improves the appearance of the interior of the trunk and increases the headroom of the passenger.

Further, since the cooler 5 or 6 is completely accommodated in the cold air channel 2 or 3, the whole is placed under the environment condition of cold air, thereby reducing the temperature difference inside and outside the cover. As a result, the cover 10 satisfies the conditions for preventing the occurrence of condensation, so that thermal insulation measures are completely unnecessary. The need for thermal insulation may be limited to the thermally sensitive cylindrical portion of the expansion valve.

Further, condensed water may also appear on the outer surface of the cover 10 under certain operating conditions of the air conditioner (for example, the humidity of the intake air or the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cover 10). However, in this case, the rolled-up edge of the drain pan 16 is located outside the outer surface of the cover 10, so that even if condensation occurs on the outer surface of the cover, the condensed water can be accommodated by the drain pan 16. .

In addition, the cold wind blown from the blower 11 or 12 may push the cold air passage 2 or 3 instantaneously from the vehicle, so that the outlet of the cold air passage will suddenly bulge and decelerate. As a result, the dynamic pressure (that is, the pressure P determined by the outlet wind speed) at the outlet of the blower will be converted into static pressure, so that the cold wind blown out from the outlet 4 has the advantage of being able to achieve equilibrium.

Claims (21)

1. A vehicle air conditioner, comprising: a cold air duct, a heat exchanger, a cover, an air outlet, and a blower, characterized in that, The cold air passage is arranged on the roof of the vehicle along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and includes several cold air outlets and an inlet, wherein the cold air outlet is used to blow cold wind into the vehicle compartment, and the inlet is used to suck the the air in the compartment; The heat exchanger for cooling is arranged in each of the cold air passages and extends along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, so as to cool the air drawn in from the inlet; The cover, extending longitudinally along the vehicle, is used to cover the refrigeration heat exchanger on the cold air passage, so as to limit an air flow passage of the refrigeration heat exchanger; The air outlet is provided on the cover in the downward direction of the airflow of the refrigerating heat exchanger, and is provided on a surface of the cover extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; and The several blowers are arranged side by side on the outer surface of the cover with the air outlet in the cold air passage, and each of the several blowers includes a volute case and a centrifugal fan, the volute has an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet is arranged on one side of the volute for sucking air from the air outlet in the downward direction of the refrigerating heat exchanger, and The outlet is arranged on the outer periphery of the volute in the cold air channel, and the centrifugal fan is arranged in the volute to blow the air sucked in from the inlet to the outlet, and several blowers therein The rotating shaft of the centrifugal fan is arranged in such a manner that the rotating shaft extends in the width direction of the vehicle. 2. The vehicle air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a drain pan, which is arranged under the cooling heat exchanger and the cover for accommodating the condensed water dripping from the refrigerating heat exchanger and condensed water generated on the outer surface of the cover. 3. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 2, further comprising: a connecting piece for connecting the refrigeration heat exchanger, the cover, and the blowers and the drain pan are connected together to form an integral structure through the connecting piece, and the integral structure is installed on the vehicle body of the vehicle. 4. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein each of the cold air passages has an opening formed on the bottom surface of each of the cold air passages, and the opening has a detachable The cover plate is used to cover the opening. 5. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising: a support element for supporting said volutes of said plurality of blowers; and A mounting member interposed between the volute and the support member for positioning the rotatable mounting position of the volute. 6. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that, the mounting element has a groove and a connecting piece, the groove is arranged along a circumference of each of the volute cases, and the connecting piece for securing said volute to said mounting element via said groove, The installation position of the volute case can be rotatably positioned by adjusting the position of the connecting piece in the groove. 7. The vehicle air conditioner as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, the mounting element has many small holes and connecting pieces, and the small holes are distributed along a circumference of each of the volute cases, so that The connecting piece is used to fix the volute case on the mounting element through the small hole, the number of the small holes is more than that of the connecting piece, The rotational mounting position of the volute case can be rotatably positioned by selecting the position of the small hole to be fitted with the connecting piece. 8. The vehicle air conditioner as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distances between the grooves and the center of the volute are equal. 9. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein the distances between the small hole and the center of the volute are equal. 10. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of drain pipes for communicating a lower portion of the outlet of the blower with a lower portion of the cover; and A drain is provided on the lower portion of the cover for draining condensed water into the cover through the drain pipe. 11. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 10, further comprising a water reservoir, the water reservoir is arranged at the lower part of the outlet of the blower, communicated with the drain pipe, and used for storing condensed water. 12. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 10, wherein the drain pipe extends along its axial direction. 13. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 10, further comprising a water-absorbing element disposed at the outlet of each of the blowers for absorbing condensed water for use in to replace the drain pipe and the drain opening. 14. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 10, wherein, compared with the blower on the downstream side, one blower on the upstream side among the blowers arranged in parallel has a downward direction. exit. 15. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 13, characterized in that, compared with the blower in the downstream of the cold air passage, the parallel blower on the upstream side of the cold air passage At least one of the blowers has a downward outlet. 16. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that said cold air passage has first and second air passages, and these two air passages are longitudinally arranged on the right-hand and left-hand sides of the vehicle compartment. extended, The first and second coolers include the refrigerating heat exchanger, and the refrigerating heat exchanger is located in the middle between the front and rear ends of the first and second air passages, forward The air blower blows the air refrigerated by the refrigerating heat exchanger forward, and the rear blower blows the air refrigerated by the refrigerating heat exchanger backward, and the compartment is controlled by the described refrigerating heat exchanger. refrigeration heat exchanger for refrigeration, Several temperature monitoring devices are used to monitor the temperature in each area of the front end, rear end, right-hand side and left-hand side of the vehicle. Cooling by the cold air blown by said forward and backward blowers of the first and second coolers; and control means for controlling the operation of said forward and backward blowers of said first and second coolers based on the temperature measured by said temperature monitoring means. 17. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 16, wherein said control device changes said temperature of said first and second coolers according to the temperature measured by said temperature monitoring device. Blow rate for forward and backward blowers. 18. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 16, characterized in that said first and second coolers are longitudinally arranged at the center of said first and second air ducts, said Said forward and said rearward blowers of the first and second coolers are identical in number. 19. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 17, characterized in that said first and second coolers are longitudinally arranged at the center of said first and second air ducts, said Said forward and said rearward blowers of the first and second coolers have the same number. 20. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 16, further comprising: said forward blower and said rearward blower are respectively mounted on said first and second cooling device to adjust the direction of the outlet. 21. The vehicle air conditioner as claimed in claim 18, further comprising: said forward blower and said rearward blower are respectively mounted on said first and second cooling device to adjust the direction of the outlet.

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