CN105008977A - Imaging optical system, imaging optical device, and digital instrument - Google Patents
Imaging optical system, imaging optical device, and digital instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN105008977A CN105008977A CN201480007976.XA CN201480007976A CN105008977A CN 105008977 A CN105008977 A CN 105008977A CN 201480007976 A CN201480007976 A CN 201480007976A CN 105008977 A CN105008977 A CN 105008977A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
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- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/004—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
- G02B9/34—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having four components only
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Abstract
This imaging optical system is a fish-eye lens that has an angle of view of 160 DEG or greater, and that is constituted by including, in order from the object side to the image surface side: a positive-power first lens having a convex-meniscus shape on the object side; a negative-power second lens; a positive-power third lens; a lens stop; and a positive-power fourth lens. The first lens is a double-aspheric lens, wherein the object-side surface of the first lens has an aspheric shape in which the positive power is decreased toward the periphery, and the image-side surface of the first lens has an aspheric shape in which the negative power is increased toward the periphery. The imaging optical system satisfies the following conditional expression: 20<f1/f<700 (wherein f1 is the focal distance of the first lens, and f is the focal distance of the entire system).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photographing optical system, an imaging optical apparatus, and a digital device. For example, the present invention relates to a digital device having an image input function, such as a photographing optical system corresponding to an ultra-wide angle of view of 160 ° or more, an imaging optical apparatus for acquiring a video image obtained by the photographing optical system using an imaging device, an on-vehicle camera and a monitoring camera each having the imaging optical apparatus mounted thereon.
Background
Conventionally, various wide-angle lenses have been proposed, which are composed of a first lens having negative refractive power, a second lens having negative refractive power, a third lens having positive refractive power, and a fourth lens having positive refractive power. In order to realize a super-wide angle, it is necessary to make the lens closest to the object side and the lens disposed adjacent to the image plane side thereof have strong negative power, but as proposed in patent document 1, if the lens closest to the object side has positive power, various aberrations can be corrected more favorably.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese unexamined patent application publication No. 2010-237343
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, the imaging lens described in patent document 1 has no effect of bending light rays incident at a wide angle in the peripheral portion because the first lens is composed of a lens surface in which the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the first lens have the same curvature and the first lens is a spherical lens having positive optical power. As a result thereof, light rays incident into the optical system are bent only by the second lens, and thus it is difficult to achieve an ultra-wide angle exceeding a 160-degree angle of field.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a photographing optical system capable of achieving an ultra-wide angle of view of 160 ° or more in a compact manner while excellently correcting various aberrations, and an imaging optical apparatus and a digital device having the photographing optical system.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above object, a photographing optical system according to a first aspect of the present invention is a fisheye lens having a field angle of 160 ° or more, comprising, in order from an object side to an image plane side, a first lens having a convex meniscus shape on the object side and having positive refractive power, a second lens having negative refractive power, a third lens having positive refractive power, an aperture stop, and a fourth lens having positive refractive power,
the first lens is a double-sided aspherical lens, the object-side surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface having a shape in which positive power decreases as the lens approaches the periphery, the image-side surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface having a shape in which negative power increases as the lens approaches the periphery, and the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied,
20＜f1/f＜700 …(1)
wherein,
f 1: the focal length of the first lens is such that,
f: focal length of the whole system.
The imaging optical system according to the second aspect of the invention is the imaging optical system according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the following conditional expressions (2) to (4) are satisfied,
-1.5＜f2/f＜-0.9 …(2)
1＜f3/f＜2.5 …(3)
1＜f4/f＜1.9 …(4)
wherein,
f 2: the focal length of the second lens is such that,
f 3: the focal length of the third lens is such that,
f 4: the focal length of the fourth lens element is,
f: focal length of the whole system.
A photographing optical system according to a third aspect of the invention is the photographing optical system according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the following conditional expression (5) is satisfied,
0.9＜BF/f＜1.6 …(5)
wherein,
BF: the back focal length (air converted length),
f: focal length of the whole system.
A photographing optical system according to a fourth aspect of the invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to third aspects of the invention, wherein the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are all aspheric double-sided lenses.
A photographing optical system according to a fifth aspect of the invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are all plastic lenses.
A photographing optical system according to a sixth aspect of the invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, wherein the second lens has a convex meniscus shape on the object side.
A photographing optical system according to a seventh aspect of the invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to sixth aspects of the invention, wherein the third lens has a biconvex shape.
An eighth aspect of the present invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, wherein a hard coat layer is formed on an object side surface of the first lens.
A photographing optical system according to a ninth aspect of the invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to eighth aspects of the invention, wherein the following conditional expressions (6) to (8) are satisfied,
18＜vd3＜33 …(6)
40＜vd2＜65 …(7)
40＜vd4＜65 …(8)
wherein,
vd 3: the abbe number of the third lens,
vd 2: the abbe number of the second lens,
vd 4: abbe number of the fourth lens.
A photographing optical system according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the photographing optical system according to any of the first to ninth aspects of the present invention, wherein the following conditional expression (9) is satisfied,
nd1≤1.65 …(9)
wherein,
nd 1: refractive index of d-line of the first lens.
An image pickup optical system according to an eleventh aspect of the invention is the image pickup optical system according to any of the first to tenth aspects of the invention, wherein the fourth lens has a biconvex shape.
An imaging optical system according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention includes: the imaging optical system according to any one of the first to eleventh inventions; and an image pickup element that converts an optical image formed on an image pickup surface into an electric signal, the photographing optical system being provided so that an optical image of an object is formed on the image pickup surface of the image pickup element.
A digital device according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that at least one of still image shooting and moving image shooting of a subject is added by including the imaging optical apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention.
A digital device of a fourteenth invention is characterized in that, in the thirteenth invention described above, the digital device is an in-vehicle camera or a monitoring camera.
Effects of the invention
By adopting the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to realize a photographing optical system capable of excellently correcting various aberrations and realizing an ultra-wide angle of view of 160 ° or more in a compact manner, and an imaging optical apparatus having the photographing optical system. Further, by using the photographing optical system or the imaging optical apparatus of the present invention for a digital device such as an in-vehicle camera or a monitoring camera, a high-performance and ultra-wide-angle image input function can be added to the digital device in a compact manner and at low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a lens configuration diagram of the first embodiment (example 1).
Fig. 2 is an aberration diagram of example 1.
Fig. 3 is a lens configuration diagram of the second embodiment (example 2).
Fig. 4 is an aberration diagram of example 2.
Fig. 5 is a lens configuration diagram of the third embodiment (example 3).
Fig. 6 is an aberration diagram of example 3.
Fig. 7 is a lens configuration diagram of the fourth embodiment (example 4).
Fig. 8 is an aberration diagram of example 4.
Fig. 9 is a lens structure diagram of the fifth embodiment (example 5).
Fig. 10 is an aberration diagram of example 5.
Fig. 11 is a lens configuration diagram of the sixth embodiment (example 6).
Fig. 12 is an aberration diagram of example 6.
Fig. 13 is a lens configuration diagram of the seventh embodiment (example 7).
Fig. 14 is an aberration diagram of example 7.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a digital device having an imaging optical system mounted thereon.
Detailed Description
The imaging optical system and the like of the present invention will be described below. The photographic optical system of the present invention is a fisheye lens (focal power: an amount defined by the reciprocal of the focal length) having a field angle of 160 DEG or more, which is composed of, in order from the object side to the image plane side, a first lens having a convex meniscus shape on the object side and having positive focal power, a second lens having negative focal power, a third lens having positive focal power, an aperture stop, and a fourth lens having positive focal power. The first lens is a double-sided aspherical lens, the object-side surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface having a shape in which positive power decreases as the lens approaches the periphery, and the image-side surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface having a shape in which negative power increases as the lens approaches the periphery, and the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied.
20<f1/<700 …(1)
Wherein,
f 1: the focal length of the first lens is such that,
f: focal length of the whole system.
By disposing aspherical surfaces on both surfaces of the first lens, and setting the aspherical surface shape on the object side surface of the first lens such that the positive power decreases as the distance from the periphery increases, and the aspherical surface shape on the image side surface such that the negative power increases as the distance from the periphery increases, it is possible to produce a strong negative power in the peripheral portion even if the axial power of the first lens is positive. Therefore, by having strong negative power in the periphery, light incident from an angle exceeding 160 degrees can be guided to the entrance pupil, and a very wide-angle lens having a full field angle exceeding 160 degrees can be realized by a small number of four lenses.
In general, in a super-wide-angle lens having a four-lens structure, light rays outside the axis can be strongly bent by making the first lens and the second lens have strong negative powers. At this time, it is necessary to correct the on-axis chromatic aberration generated on the negative first lens and the negative second lens after the third lens. When the first lens has positive refractive power as in the present invention, the amount of axial chromatic aberration is reduced, and the effect of reducing the burden of aberration correction after the third lens is further obtained. Further, although it is difficult to control distortion and astigmatism for each angle of view on a spherical lens, it can be easily realized by using a double-sided aspherical surface.
The conditional expression (1) represents a focal length ratio of the first lens with respect to the entire system. If the optical power exceeds the lower limit of the conditional expression (1), the positive power of the first lens increases, and therefore light rays having a field angle of 160 ° or more cannot be obtained, and it is difficult to realize a super-wide angle. If the upper limit of the conditional expression (1) is exceeded, the effect of correcting chromatic aberration, particularly on the optical axis, in the first lens is reduced, the load of aberration increases after the second lens, and it becomes difficult to correct aberration satisfactorily. Accordingly, satisfying the conditional expression (1) can achieve both an ultra-wide angle of view of 160 ° or more and good correction of various aberrations.
According to the characteristic configuration described above, it is possible to realize a photographing optical system capable of achieving an ultra-wide angle of view of 160 ° or more in a compact manner while excellently correcting various aberrations (particularly chromatic aberration on the optical axis), and an imaging optical apparatus having the photographing optical system. Further, by using the photographing optical system or the imaging optical apparatus for a digital device such as an in-vehicle camera or a monitoring camera, a high-performance and ultra-wide-angle image input function can be added to the digital device in a compact manner and at low cost, and a contribution can be made to the compactness, high performance, and high functionality of the digital device. Conditions and the like for achieving higher optical performance, miniaturization, and the like while obtaining such effects in a balanced manner will be described below.
It is further desirable that the following conditional expression (1a) is satisfied
20<f1/f<200 …(1a)
The conditional expression (1a) defines a more preferable condition range from the viewpoint and the like among the condition ranges defined by the conditional expression (1). Accordingly, it is preferable that the effect can be further increased by satisfying the conditional expression (1 a).
It is desirable that the following conditional expressions (2) to (4) are satisfied.
-1.5＜f2/f＜-0.9 …(2)
1＜f3/f＜2.5 …(3)
1＜f4/f＜1.9 …(4)
Wherein,
f 2: the focal length of the second lens is such that,
f 3: the focal length of the third lens is such that,
f 4: the focal length of the fourth lens element is,
f: focal length of the whole system.
Conditional expression (2) specifies a preferable conditional range regarding the focal length ratio of the second lens and the entire system. If the lower limit of the conditional expression (2) is exceeded, the relative power of the second lens decreases, and the strength for bending light rays decreases. In order to cause the light to enter the stop via the third lens, a countermeasure such as increasing the distance between the second lens and the third lens is required, which may increase the total length. Alternatively, it is difficult to construct an ultra-wide angle itself. If the upper limit of conditional expression (2) is exceeded, astigmatism and field curvature difference increase, and it becomes difficult to correct the astigmatism and the field curvature difference by another lens.
Conditional expression (3) specifies a preferable conditional range regarding the focal length ratio of the third lens to the entire system. If the upper limit of the conditional expression (3) is exceeded, the relative refractive power of the third lens decreases, and chromatic aberration on the optical axis generated in the second lens having negative refractive power cannot be sufficiently corrected, and it is difficult to perform satisfactory aberration correction. If the lower limit of conditional expression (3) is exceeded, chromatic aberration on the optical axis is corrected too much, which also makes it difficult to perform satisfactory aberration correction.
The conditional expression (4) is a preferable conditional range regarding the focal length ratio of the fourth lens to the entire system. When the upper limit of the conditional expression (4) is exceeded, the relative refractive power of the fourth lens decreases, and the distance from the object-side surface to the image-side surface of the fourth lens increases. If the lower limit of conditional expression (4) is exceeded, axial chromatic aberration, astigmatism, and the like increase, and it becomes difficult to correct the aberration by another lens.
It is desirable to satisfy the following conditional expression (5).
0.9＜BF/f＜1.6 …(5)
Wherein,
BF: the back focal length (air transition length),
f: focal length of the overall system.
The conditional expression (5) specifies an appropriate back focal length (a length obtained by air-converting the distance from the final lens surface to the paraxial image surface). If the lower limit of conditional expression (5) is exceeded, it becomes difficult to dispose a glass cover, a filter, and the like of the sensor between the photographing optical system and the image plane. If the upper limit of the conditional expression (5) is exceeded, the back focal length is relatively too long compared to the focal length. In this case, it is necessary to ensure the back focus by adjusting the power arrangement of the first to fourth lenses. Therefore, the power configuration may be different from the power configuration suitable for aberration correction, and it is difficult to perform good aberration correction.
Desirably, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all double-sided aspherical lenses. The second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are aspheric on both surfaces, and astigmatism, distortion, coma aberration, and the like can be effectively corrected.
It is desirable that the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens be all plastic lenses. By configuring the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens with plastic (resin), it is possible to easily add an aspherical surface to the lens surface. Further, mass production is possible, and therefore, the cost can be reduced.
It is desirable that the second lens has a convex meniscus shape on the object side. By providing the second lens with a lens having a meniscus shape convex on the object side, the distance between the first lens and the second lens can be narrowed. As a result, the light beam passing position of the first lens can be lowered, and the diameter of the first lens can be reduced. If the light passing position is increased, the lens diameter increases, and as a result, the amount of off-axis aberration such as distortion and chromatic aberration of magnification increases. That is, the second lens is a meniscus lens that is convex toward the object, whereby the occurrence of off-axis aberrations such as distortion and chromatic aberration of magnification can be suppressed.
It is desirable for the third lens to have a biconvex shape. By providing the third lens as a biconvex lens with a convex surface facing the object side and the image surface side, correction of various aberrations (e.g., spherical aberration) can be shared between the object side surface and the image side surface. For example, when the lens is formed in a meniscus shape, error sensitivity and aberration tend to increase due to the lens surface shape for obtaining a strong power, but when the lens is formed in a biconvex shape, increase in error sensitivity and aberration can be effectively suppressed.
It is desirable to form a hard coat layer on the object side of the first lens. When the first lens is made of resin, disposing a hard coat layer on the object-side surface of the first lens has an effect of improving reliability such as scratch resistance.
It is desirable that the following conditional expressions (6) to (8) are satisfied.
18＜vd3＜33 …(6)
40＜vd2＜65 …(7)
40＜vd4＜65 …(8)
Wherein,
vd 3: the abbe number of the third lens,
vd 2: the abbe number of the second lens,
vd 4: abbe number of the fourth lens.
Conditional expression (6) specifies a preferable range of conditions relating to the abbe number of the third lens. By satisfying the conditional expression (6), chromatic aberration of magnification occurring in the first lens and the second lens can be corrected mainly in the third lens. If the lower limit of the conditional expression (6) is exceeded, chromatic aberration of magnification occurring in the first lens and the second lens is corrected excessively, and if the upper limit of the conditional expression (6) is exceeded, chromatic aberration of magnification occurring in the first lens and the second lens is corrected insufficiently. Therefore, it is difficult to perform good chromatic aberration of magnification in any case.
Conditional expressions (7) and (8) define a conditional range for correcting chromatic aberration of magnification satisfactorily, as with conditional expression (6). If the upper limit of the conditional expression (7) is exceeded, the chromatic aberration of magnification is corrected excessively, and if the lower limit of the conditional expression (7) is exceeded, the chromatic aberration of magnification is corrected insufficiently, and in any case, it is difficult to perform satisfactory chromatic aberration of magnification. If the upper limit of conditional expression (8) is exceeded, the magnification chromatic aberration is overcorrected, and if the lower limit of conditional expression (8) is exceeded, the magnification chromatic aberration is insufficiently corrected, and in any case, it is difficult to perform satisfactory magnification chromatic aberration correction.
It is desirable to satisfy the following conditional expression (9).
nd1≤1.65 …(9)
Wherein,
nd 1: refractive index in d-line of the first lens.
Conditional expression (9) specifies a preferable range of conditions regarding the refractive index of the first lens, and thus specifies the reliability of the resin material. If a resin material having a refractive index exceeding the upper limit of the conditional expression (9) is left under the sun for a long time, the transmittance on the single wavelength side is lowered to cause yellowing of the image.
It is desirable for the fourth lens to have a biconvex shape. By providing the fourth lens as a biconvex lens with a convex surface facing the object side and the image side, correction of various aberrations (e.g., spherical aberration) can be shared between the object side surface and the image side surface. For example, if the lens is formed in a meniscus shape, error sensitivity and aberration tend to increase due to the lens surface shape for obtaining a strong power, but if the lens is formed in a biconvex shape, increase in error sensitivity and aberration can be effectively suppressed.
As is apparent from the above description, the photographing optical system according to the present invention is suitably used as a photographing optical system used in a digital device (for example, an in-vehicle camera, a monitoring camera, and a mobile terminal) having an ultra-wide-angle image input function. That is, the photographing optical system of the present invention is suitable for use in an application in which an optical image of an object (i.e., an object image) is formed in a super-wide angle on an imaging surface of an imaging element (sensor) (e.g., a photoelectric conversion portion of a solid-state imaging element). By combining the photographing optical system of the present invention with an image pickup device or the like, an image pickup optical apparatus can be configured which optically acquires a video of a subject and outputs the video as an electric signal. The image pickup optical device is an optical device that constitutes a main component of a camera used for photographing a still image or a moving image of an object, and includes, for example, a photographing optical system for forming an optical image of the object and an image pickup element for converting the optical image formed by the photographing optical system into an electric signal in this order from the object (i.e., the object) side. Further, by arranging the photographing optical system having the characteristic structure so as to form an optical image of the subject on the light receiving surface (i.e., image pickup surface) of the image pickup element, it is possible to realize an image pickup optical device which is small in size, low in cost, and high in performance, and a digital apparatus having the image pickup optical device.
Examples of digital devices with an image input function include cameras such as a surveillance camera, a security camera, a vehicle-mounted camera (e.g., a rear-view camera), a flight vehicle camera, a digital camera, a video camera, and a camera for a television telephone, cameras built in or out of a personal computer, a mobile terminal (e.g., a mobile phone, a smartphone (a high-performance mobile phone), a small-sized portable information device terminal such as a mobile computer), peripheral devices thereof (e.g., a scanner and a printer), and other digital devices (e.g., a car recorder and a defense device). As is clear from these examples, not only the camera can be configured by using the imaging optical device, but also a camera function can be added by mounting the imaging optical device on various devices. For example, a digital device with an image input function such as a camera-equipped mobile phone can be configured.
As an example of a digital device with an image input function, fig. 15 shows a schematic configuration example of a digital device DU in a schematic cross section. The imaging optical device LU mounted in the digital device DU shown in fig. 15 includes, from the object (i.e., subject) side, a photographing optical system LN (AX: optical axis) for forming an optical image (image plane) IM of the object, a parallel flat plate PT (a glass cover of the imaging element SR; an optical filter such as an optical low-pass filter or an infrared cut filter arranged as needed), and an imaging element SR for converting the optical image IM formed on a light receiving surface (image plane) SS by the photographing optical system LN into an electric signal. When the digital device DU with an image input function is configured by the imaging optical device LU, the imaging optical device LU is usually disposed in the body, but a system corresponding to the necessity can be adopted when the camera function is realized. For example, the modular imaging optical device LU can be configured to be detachable or rotatable with respect to the main body of the digital device DU.
The photographing optical system LN is a fixed focus lens of four-lens structure composed of positive, negative, positive, and positive first to fourth lenses in order from the object side, and is configured to form an optical image IM on a light receiving surface SS of the image pickup device SR. As the image pickup element SR, for example, a solid-state image pickup element such as a CCD (charge coupled device) type image sensor or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) type image sensor having a plurality of pixels is available. The photographing optical system LN is provided so that an optical image IM of the subject is formed on a light receiving surface SS that is a photoelectric conversion portion of the image pickup element SR, and therefore the optical image IM formed by the photographing optical system LN is converted into an electric signal by the image pickup element SR. Further, as described above, since the image pickup device SR such as a CCD type image sensor or a CMOS type image sensor is used, a glass cover is disposed as the parallel flat plate PT between the photographing optical system LN and the image plane IM, but it is needless to say that the glass cover is not disposed depending on the type of the sensor.
The digital device DU includes a signal processing unit 1, a control unit 2, a memory 3, an operation unit 4, a display unit 5, and the like, in addition to the imaging optical device LU. The signal generated by the image pickup device SR is subjected to predetermined digital image processing, image compression processing, and the like as necessary in the signal processing section 1, and is recorded in the memory 3 (semiconductor memory, optical disk, and the like) as a digital video signal, or is converted into an infrared signal or the like via a cable in some cases, and is transmitted to another device (for example, a communication function of a mobile phone). The control unit 2 is constituted by a microcomputer, and performs functions such as a photographing function (a still image projection function, a moving image photographing function, and the like), an image reproducing function, and the like, and a lens moving mechanism for focusing, and the like, collectively. For example, the control unit 2 controls the imaging optical device LU so as to perform at least one of still image shooting and moving image shooting of the subject. The display unit 5 is a portion including a display such as a liquid crystal monitor, and displays an image using an image signal converted by the image pickup device SR or image information recorded in the memory 3. The operation unit 4 is a portion having operation members such as an operation button (for example, a release button) and an operation dial (for example, a photographing mode dial), and transmits information input by an operator operation to the control unit 2.
Fig. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 show first to seventh embodiments of an imaging optical system LN in an infinity focus state in an optical cross section. The j-th lens Lj (j is 1,2,3, or 4) is a lens located at the j-th position from the object side, and the parallel plate PT disposed on the image side of the imaging optical system LN is a glass cover or the like assumed as the image pickup device SR.
The photographing optical system LN of the first to seventh embodiments is configured by, in order from the object side, a first lens L1 having positive refractive power, a second lens L2 having negative refractive power, a third lens L3 having positive refractive power, an aperture stop ST, and a fourth lens L4 having positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 have a convex meniscus shape on the object side, the third lens L3 has a convex meniscus shape or a biconvex shape on the object side, and the fourth lens L4 has a biconvex shape.
Note that all lens surfaces constituting the imaging optical system LN are aspherical surfaces, and all lenses constituting the imaging optical system LN are assumed to be made of a plastic material as an optical material. Since the first lens L1 is a plastic lens, a cover member may be disposed on the object side of the photographing optical system LN. In the super-wide-angle lens, it is difficult to provide a cover member on the object side of the first lens L1, and therefore, it is preferable to form a hard coat layer on the object side surface of the first lens L1 instead of the cover member.
Examples
Hereinafter, the configuration of the photographing optical system embodying the present invention and the like will be described in more detail by taking the configuration data and the like of the embodiment as an example. Examples 1 to 7(EX1 to 7) mentioned here are numerical examples corresponding to the first to seventh embodiments, respectively, and the lens configuration diagrams (fig. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13) showing the first to seventh embodiments show the lens cross-sectional shapes and the like of the corresponding examples 1 to 7, respectively.
In the configuration data of each example, the surface number, the radius of curvature r (mm), the optical axis upper surface interval d (mm), the refractive index nd with respect to the d-line (wavelength 587.56nm), and the abbe number vd with respect to the d-line are shown in the order from the left column as surface data. The surface with the surface number added thereto is an aspherical surface, and the surface shape thereof is defined by the following expression (AS) using a local orthogonal coordinate system (x, y, z) with the surface vertex AS the origin. The aspherical data represents aspherical coefficients and the like. In the aspherical surface data of each example, coefficients of items not shown are 0, and for all the data, E-n ═ 10 x-n。
z＝(C·h2)/[1+√{1-(1+k)C2·h2}]+A4·h4+A6
h6+A8·h8+A10·h10+A12·h12 …(AS)
Wherein,
h: for the z-axis (optical axis)AX) vertical direction height (h)2＝x2+y2)，
z: amount of displacement in the direction of optical axis AX at a position having height h (surface apex reference)
C: paraxial curvature at the apex of a face (inverse of radius of curvature r)
k: the coefficient of the cone is the coefficient of the cone,
a4, a6, A8, a10, a 12: the aspheric coefficients are 4 times, 6 times, 8 times, 10 times and 12 times respectively.
Table 1 shows the values corresponding to the conditional expressions in the respective examples, and table 2 shows the surface shape (mark based on the paraxial curvature) and the optical power (mark by positive or negative) of each lens (Lj, j: 1,2,3, 4). Table 3 shows, as various data (values related to d-line), a focal length (F, mm) of the entire system, focal lengths (F1, F2, F3, F4; mm) of the respective lenses (Lj, j ═ 1,2,3,4), a total lens length (TL, mm), an F value (FNO), a back focal length (BF, mm), a full field angle (2 ω, °), a maximum image height (Y', mm; corresponding to half of a diagonal length of the imaging plane SS of the imaging device SR). The back focus BF indicates the distance from the lens final surface to the paraxial image surface by an air-converted length, and the total lens length TL is a value obtained by adding the back focus BF to the distance from the lens foremost surface to the lens final surface.
Fig. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 are aberration diagrams of examples 1 to 7(EX1 to 7), in which (a) represents spherical aberration (mm), (B) represents astigmatism (mm) and (C) represents distortion (%). In the spherical aberration diagram (a), the solid line, the two-dot chain line, and the broken line represent the amount of spherical aberration for the d-line (wavelength 587.56nm), the spherical aberration for the g-line (wavelength 435.84nm), and the spherical aberration for the C-line (wavelength 656.28nm), respectively, by the amount of shift in the optical axis AX direction from the paraxial image plane, and the ordinate represents the F value. In the astigmatism diagram (B), the dashed line T and the solid line S indicate a Tangential (changemental) image plane with respect to a d-line and a sagittal image plane with respect to a d-line, respectively, by the amount of shift in the optical axis AX direction from the paraxial image plane, and the vertical axis indicates the image height Y' (mm). In the distortion map (C), the horizontal axis represents distortion with respect to the d-line, and the vertical axis represents the image height Y' (mm). The distortion is a value based on a projection system of Y' 2f · tan (ω/2). In a normal lens, a relational expression of Y' ═ f · tan ω is used as a reference, but this expression cannot be applied to a super wide-angle lens in which the half field angle ω exceeds 90 degrees.
Here, the schematic configuration of each example (table 2) is explained. Here, the power is a power based on a value on the paraxial region. In examples 1,2, 4, 5, and 7 (fig. 1, 3, 7, 9, and 13), the lens system is composed of, in order from the object side, a first lens L1 having a meniscus-shaped positive power with the convex surface facing the object side, a second lens L2 having a meniscus-shaped negative power with the convex surface facing the object side, a third lens L3 having a biconvex-shaped positive power, an aperture stop ST, and a fourth lens L4 having a biconvex-shaped positive power. All of the lenses L1 to L4 are made of plastic, and all surfaces thereof are made of aspherical surfaces. Further, the aspherical surface disposed on the object side of the first lens L1 has an aspherical shape in which positive power decreases as the distance from the periphery increases, and the aspherical surface disposed on the image side surface of the first lens L1 has an aspherical shape in which negative power increases as the distance from the periphery increases.
In examples 3 and 6 (fig. 5 and 11), the lens system is constituted by, in order from the object side, a first lens L1 having a meniscus-shaped positive power with the convex surface facing the object side, a second lens L2 having a meniscus-shaped negative power with the convex surface facing the object side, a third lens L3 having a meniscus-shaped positive power with the convex surface facing the object side, an aperture stop ST, and a fourth lens L4 having a biconvex-shaped positive power. All of the lenses L1 to L4 are made of plastic, and all surfaces thereof are made of aspherical surfaces. Further, the aspherical surface disposed on the object side of the first lens L1 has an aspherical shape in which positive power decreases as the distance from the periphery increases, and the aspherical surface disposed on the image side surface of the first lens L1 has an aspherical shape in which negative power increases as the distance from the periphery increases.
When a lens is made of plastic, there is a drawback that the hardness is low and scratch resistance and weather resistance are poor. As an effective means for solving this problem, currently, by forming a hardened film (hard coat film) on the surface of a plastic part, the hardness of the surface can be increased without impairing the portability and workability of the plastic. In the ultra-wide-angle lens, since it is difficult to provide a cover member on the object side of the first lens L1, for example, when used in an on-vehicle camera or a surveillance camera, it is sufficient to consider a case where the object side surface of the first lens L1 is exposed to the outside. Therefore, in each of examples 1 to 7, a hard coat layer was formed on the object side of the first lens L1. A transparent hard coat film having a thickness of about 2 to 15 [ mu ] m is formed on the object side surface of the first lens by a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a spin coating method or the like, thereby improving scratch resistance and weather resistance. Further, in order to prevent water droplets from adhering due to rain or the like, a water-repellent coating or a hydrophilic coating may be added to the hard coat layer, and a UV-blocking agent may be added to the material of the first lens L1 made of plastic in order to further improve light resistance.
In embodiments 1 to 7, it is assumed that a CCD image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, or the like is used for the image pickup element SR, and therefore, a glass cover (parallel flat plate PT) is disposed between the fourth lens L4 and the image plane IM, but it is needless to say that the glass cover is not disposed depending on the type of sensor.
Example 1
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
Example 2
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
Example 3
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
Example 4
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
Example 5
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
Example 6
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
Example 7
Unit: mm is
Surface data
Aspheric data
Aspheric data
[ TABLE 1 ]
[ TABLE 2 ]
| Shape/power | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| First lens L1 | Object side convex positive meniscus | Object side convex positive meniscus | Object side convex positive meniscus | Object side convex positive meniscus |
| Second lens L2 | Object side convex negative meniscus | Object side convex negative meniscus | Object side convex negative meniscus | Object side convex negative meniscus |
| Third lens L3 | Biconvex positive | Biconvex positive | Object side convex positive meniscus | Biconvex positive |
| Fourth lens L4 | Biconvex positive | Biconvex positive | Biconvex positive | Biconvex positive |
| Shape/power | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | |
| First lens L1 | Object side convex positive meniscus | Object side convex positive meniscus | Object side convex positive meniscus | |
| Second lens L2 | Object side convex negative meniscus | Object side convex negative meniscus | Object side convex negative meniscus | |
| Third lens L3 | Biconvex positive | Object side convex positive meniscus | Biconvex positive | |
| Fourth lens L4 | Biconvex positive | Biconvex positive | Biconvex positive |
[ TABLE 3 ]
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | |
| f | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.301 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.20 |
| f1 | 74.182 | 792.58 | 84.493 | 54.241 | 88.656 | 47.952 | 207.39 |
| f2 | -1.39 | -1.395 | -1.686 | -1.459 | -1.39 | -1.47 | -1.402 |
| f3 | 2.083 | 1.995 | 2.763 | 2.255 | 2.092 | 2.449 | 2.205 |
| f4 | 1.584 | 1.607 | 1.708 | 1.797 | 1.838 | 1.798 | 1.809 |
| TL | 11.488 | 11.492 | 11.226 | 11.591 | 11.296 | 10.527 | 11.595 |
| FNO | 2.40 | 2.00 | 2.40 | 2.40 | 2.40 | 2.80 | 2.40 |
| BF | 1.237 | 1.195 | 1.567 | 1.723 | 1.547 | 1.831 | 1.619 |
| 2ω | 181.8 | 180.4 | 184.4 | 183.7 | 183.3 | 183.4 | 179.8 |
| Y′ | 3.28 | 3.28 | 2.28 | 2.28 | 2.28 | 2.28 | 2.28 |
Description of the reference symbols
DU data device
LU imaging optical device
LN photographing optical system
L1-L4 first-fourth lenses
ST opening aperture (diaphragm)
SR imaging device
SS light receiving surface (image pickup surface)
IM image surface (optical image)
AX optical axis
1 Signal processing part
2 control part
3 memory
4 operating part
And 5, a display part.
Claims (14)
1. A photographing optical system, which is a fisheye lens having a field angle of 160 DEG or more, comprising, in order from an object side to an image surface side, a first lens having a convex meniscus shape on the object side and having positive refractive power, a second lens having negative refractive power, a third lens having positive refractive power, an aperture stop, and a fourth lens having positive refractive power,
the first lens is a double-sided aspherical lens, the object-side surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface having a shape in which positive power decreases as the lens approaches the periphery, the image-side surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface having a shape in which negative power increases as the lens approaches the periphery, and the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied,
20＜f1/f＜700…(1)
wherein,
f 1: the focal length of the first lens is such that,
f: focal length of the whole system.
2. The photographing optical system according to claim 1,
satisfying the following conditional expressions (2) to (4),
-1.5＜f2/f＜-0.9…(2)
1＜f3/f＜2.5…(3)
1＜f4/f＜1.9…(4)
wherein,
f 2: the focal length of the second lens is such that,
f 3: the focal length of the third lens is such that,
f 4: the focal length of the fourth lens element is,
f: focal length of the whole system.
3. The photographing optical system according to claim 1 or 2,
satisfies the following conditional expression (5),
0.9＜BF/f＜1.6…(5)
wherein,
BF: the back focal length (air converted length),
f: focal length of the whole system.
4. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all double-sided aspheric lenses.
5. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the first lens, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all plastic lenses.
6. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the second lens has a convex meniscus shape on the object side.
7. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
the third lens has a biconvex shape.
8. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
a hard coat layer is formed on an object side surface of the first lens.
9. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
satisfying the following conditional expressions (6) to (8),
18＜vd3＜33…(6)
40＜vd2＜65…(7)
40＜vd4＜65…(8)
wherein,
vd 3: the abbe number of the third lens,
vd 2: the abbe number of the second lens,
vd 4: abbe number of the fourth lens.
10. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
satisfies the following conditional expression (9),
nd1≤1.65…(9)
wherein,
nd 1: refractive index in d-line of the first lens.
11. The photographing optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
the fourth lens has a biconvex shape.
12. An imaging optical device is characterized by comprising:
the photographic optical system of any one of claims 1 to 11; and
an image pickup device for converting an optical image formed on an image pickup surface into an electric signal,
the photographing optical system is provided so that an optical image of an object is formed on an imaging surface of the image pickup element.
13. A digital device, characterized in that,
by providing the imaging optical apparatus according to claim 13, at least one of still image photography and moving image photography of an object is added.
14. The digital device of claim 13,
the digital device is an in-vehicle camera or a monitoring camera.
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| CN107121762A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-01 | 中山市众盈光学有限公司 | A kind of on-vehicle lens optical system |
| CN114911028A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-16 | 三营超精密光电(晋城)有限公司 | Optical imaging system, image capturing module and electronic device |
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| TWI606257B (en) | 2015-10-08 | 2017-11-21 | 先進光電科技股份有限公司 | Optical image capturing system |
| TWI603112B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-10-21 | 新鉅科技股份有限公司 | Optical lens system with a wide field of view |
| JP6644566B2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-02-12 | マクセル株式会社 | Imaging lens system and imaging device |
| JP6653183B2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-02-26 | マクセル株式会社 | Imaging lens system and imaging device |
| JP6740440B2 (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-08-12 | マクセル株式会社 | Imaging lens system and imaging device |
| JP6997265B2 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-02-04 | マクセル株式会社 | Imaging lens system and imaging device |
| CN116540386B (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2025-07-29 | 深圳市韵腾激光科技有限公司 | High-power objective lens for laser cutting |
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| WO2014123136A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
| CN105008977B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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