CN104990207B - A kind of dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system, including ac control circuit and the Wearable terminal for gathering physiology signal；Ac control circuit wirelessly receives the signal from Wearable terminal and generates corresponding airconditioning control signal according to fuzzy control principle.The present invention can realize the dynamic tracing changed to User Status, and automatically regulate and control the running status of air-conditioning according to the actual thermal comfort situation under user's human body different conditions, ensure in thermal comfort zone of the room temperature all the time in change human body, so that air-conditioner control system is more intelligent, automation, and then make that heat pump performance is more comfortable, energy-conservation.

Description

A Dynamic Adaptive Air Conditioning Control System

technical field

The invention relates to an air-conditioning control system, in particular to a dynamic adaptive air-conditioning control system.

Background technique

For many years, the air-conditioning management of public buildings in my country has been relatively extensive, and the temperature setting of air-conditioning is not reasonable, resulting in low energy efficiency, waste of energy resources, and increased environmental pressure. The reasons for the unreasonable temperature setting are mainly in the following three aspects: first, the user’s behavior of setting the temperature is based on the experience of non-experts, and there is blindness; Passivity; thirdly, under normal circumstances, the user will only change the set value after first feeling the overcooling or overheating, and there is a hysteresis. This results in a weak human-computer interaction relationship between the air conditioner and the user, which not only causes energy waste, but also causes discomfort to the user.

Most of the research on the improvement of the existing air conditioning system is limited to the operating performance of the air conditioning system itself, such as the improvement of compressors, heat exchangers, and air circulation in and out of the air circuit, while paying little attention to optimizing the relationship between man and machine. Currently the highest level of air conditioning control system is designed with the goal of human body comfort value PMV.

Chinese patent document CN104344501A discloses an air conditioner and its control method. The air conditioner includes: a parameter collection module for collecting crowd information, seasonal information and parameters related to human comfort; a calling module for collecting parameters according to the parameter collection module According to the crowd information and season information, call the thermal sensitivity coefficient a and the thermal sensation characteristic coefficient b corresponding to the corresponding crowd in the corresponding season; the calculation module is used to collect the parameters related to the comfort of the human body and the coefficient called by the calling module according to the parameter collection module Calculated according to the revised PMV equation; the control module controls the working state of the air conditioner until the PMV reaches the optimum value. Because some parameters involved in the PMV equation (such as clothing thermal resistance, average radiant temperature, etc.) objective estimate.

Chinese patent document CN104235997A discloses an air conditioner and its control method. The air conditioner also includes a wearable device for collecting human heart rate information and body surface temperature information to solve the problem of uneven indoor temperature distribution. Changes in cooling and heating requirements caused by dynamic changes in human body status are not paid attention to; in the air-conditioning control method, algorithm execution is based on simple hierarchical judgments, which easily leads to poor robustness.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an air conditioner control system that automatically adapts to the dynamic change of the human body state.

A dynamic adaptive air-conditioning control system, including an air-conditioning control circuit, and a wearable terminal for dynamically collecting human physiological signals, the air-conditioning control circuit receives the signal from the wearable terminal wirelessly and generates the Corresponding air conditioner control signal.

In the present invention, the wearable terminal periodically collects human physiological signals reflecting the dynamic changes of the human body state, and the air conditioner control circuit on the air conditioner receives the signals wirelessly, and converts them into air conditioner control signals based on the language rules of heat production and heat dissipation balance, so as to realize the physiological changes from the human body. Control of multi-input, nonlinear complex systems from signal to air conditioner control signal.

According to the basic principle of human body heat balance: in order to maintain a normal body temperature, the human body must maintain a balance between heat production and heat dissipation. The wearable terminal realizes tracking the dynamic changes of the human body state by collecting the objective physiological signals of the human body, and the resulting room temperature regulation result is always in the thermal comfort zone of the human body.

Preferably, the wearable terminal includes a main control circuit and a physiological signal sensing element connected to the main control circuit, a wireless transmission module that matches each other is provided between the wearable terminal and the air conditioner control circuit, and the air conditioner terminal control algorithm Using fuzzy adaptive control algorithm.

The wireless transmission module can be a Bluetooth module, a ZIGBee module, etc., and there are no strict restrictions, mainly to meet the short-distance transmission requirements of the air-conditioning control system for signals. The air conditioner control algorithm adopts fuzzy self-adaptive control algorithm, which has self-learning ability during the implementation process, that is, the algorithm can automatically adjust relevant parameters during the implementation process, adapt to individual needs, and dynamically self-optimize. Preferably, the physiological signal sensing element includes a heart rate sensor and a body surface temperature sensor.

The heart rate sensor and body surface temperature sensor adjust parameters based on the measurement location to ensure measurement accuracy.

Preferably, the process of generating the air-conditioning control signal by the air-conditioning control circuit includes a) the collected heart rate, b) the heat dissipation temperature difference converted according to the body surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and c) the change rate of the heat dissipation temperature difference. The one is input, and the corresponding air-conditioning control signal is obtained through the control algorithm of the air-conditioning terminal.

Preferably, the air conditioner control signal adjusts the voltage, rotation speed or frequency of the air conditioner variable frequency motor. The air conditioner control circuit is provided with an ambient temperature sensor for collecting ambient temperature parameters, and the heat dissipation temperature difference and the rate of change of the heat dissipation temperature difference are obtained by converting the collected body surface temperature and the ambient temperature.

Heart rate represents the degree of heat production of the human body; heat dissipation temperature difference represents the degree of heat dissipation of the human body; change rate of heat dissipation temperature difference represents the speed of change of heat dissipation of the human body, forming an advanced prediction; control voltage represents the operating voltage that the air conditioner needs to adjust under the current situation.

In the air-conditioning control circuit, input heart rate, heat dissipation temperature difference and heat dissipation temperature difference change rate, which are three common variables in the real number field. In the fuzzy controller on the air-conditioning control circuit, the input ordinary variables are converted into fuzzy reasoning variables through fuzzy quantization operations. Amount of blur.

The fuzzified input fuzzy quantity is based on empirical rules, and the generalized forward reasoning is performed to obtain the fuzzy quantity result. Through the defuzzification process, the obtained fuzzy quantity results are transformed into ordinary variables again, that is, the control voltage.

Preferably, the wearable terminal also has a manual operation mode, and the main control circuit is provided with an instruction input module for manual operation.

Introduce the user feedback mechanism to retain the user's ability to adjust the temperature independently and improve the effectiveness of the system. At the same time, based on the feedback, the empirical rules are adaptively corrected.

Preferably, the wearable terminal is provided with a display screen for displaying human physiological signals.

The display can be an LCD display with clear images and is used to display the data of the user's heart rate and body surface temperature.

Preferably, the main control circuit is provided with an alarm element, and when the collected heart rate and body surface temperature signals are unreasonable, a warning light is turned on.

Preferably, the main control circuit is embedded with a power supply for power supply.

Preferably, the wearable terminal includes a housing and a wristband provided on the housing, and each circuit element is installed in the housing or embedded on the surface of the housing.

The wearable terminal is in the shape of a watch, which is easy to wear, and does not affect the parameter collection and the user's observation of physiological signals displayed on the display screen. The heart rate sensor obtains heart rate data by detecting the pulse at the wrist, and the body surface temperature sensor detects the temperature at the wrist. The temperature at the wrist generally best reflects the body surface temperature of the human body, so the obtained data is highly accurate.

Therefore, the dynamic self-adaptive air-conditioning control system of the present invention realizes the dynamic tracking of user state changes, and automatically regulates the operating state of the air-conditioner according to the actual thermal comfort conditions of the user's human body in different states, ensuring that the room temperature is always changing. In the comfort zone, the air-conditioning control system is more intelligent and automatic, which in turn makes the air-conditioning performance more comfortable and energy-saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic adaptive air conditioning control system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the wearable terminal of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control algorithm of the air conditioner end of the present invention.

Among them: 1. Heart rate sensor; 2. Body surface temperature sensor; 3. Main control circuit; 4. Bluetooth wireless transmission module; 5. Display screen; 6. Air conditioner control circuit; 7. Air conditioner control algorithm; 8. Ambient temperature sensor 9. Command input module; 10. Wearable terminal; 11. Air conditioner; 12. Air conditioner display screen; 13. Wristband.

detailed description

As shown in FIG. 1 , the dynamic adaptive air conditioning control system of the present invention includes a wearable terminal 10 and an air conditioner 11 .

The air conditioner 11 includes an air conditioner control circuit 6 and an air conditioner display screen 12 . The air conditioner control circuit 6 is provided with an ambient temperature sensor 8 for collecting the ambient temperature and displaying it on the display screen 12 of the air conditioner.

The wearable terminal 10 includes a main control circuit 3, a display screen 5, a power supply, and a heart rate sensor 1 and a body surface temperature sensor 2 connected to the main control circuit 3; The bluetooth wireless transmission module 4 makes the air conditioner control circuit 6 receive the signal from the wearable terminal 10 and generates a corresponding air conditioner control signal; the display screen 5 is used to display the collected user's heart rate and body surface temperature data; when the collected heart rate 1. When the body surface temperature data is unreasonable, the warning light is turned on; the power supply is embedded in the main control circuit 3 and is used to supply power to the wearable terminal 10 .

The wearable terminal 10 also has a manual operation mode, and the main control circuit 3 is provided with an instruction input module 9 for manual operation. The command input module 9 sends control commands based on user feedback.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the wearable terminal 10 includes a housing and a wristband 13 disposed on the housing. The main control circuit 3 is installed in the casing; the display screen 5 and the instruction input module 9 are arranged on the side of the casing surface which is convenient for the user to observe. The heart rate sensor 1 and the body surface temperature sensor 2 are installed on the side of the shell surface close to the user's wrist.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the process of generating the air-conditioning control signal by the air-conditioning control circuit 6 includes a) the collected heart rate, b) the heat dissipation temperature difference converted from the body surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and c) the rate of change of the heat dissipation temperature difference. As an input, in the fuzzy controller of the air-conditioning control circuit 6, perform fuzzy quantification, fuzzy reasoning, and defuzzification processes to obtain the corresponding control voltage of the air-conditioner; correction.

Among them: the heart rate Hr represents the degree of heat production of the human body; the heat dissipation temperature difference e is the difference between the wrist surface temperature Tb∈ (29-35°C) and the ambient temperature Te, which represents the degree of human body heat dissipation; the heat dissipation temperature difference change rate ec is e The first-order differential represents the speed of heat dissipation change, forming an advanced prediction; the control voltage Δu represents the operating voltage that needs to be adjusted by the air conditioner 11 under the current situation.

Fuzzy Quantization:

The function of fuzzy quantization is to transform the ordinary variables originally defined in the real number domain into fuzzy variables in the controller’s internal discourse domain, which is completed in two steps through domain transformation and determination of membership degree, as follows.

a. Domain transformation

1) Transform the domain of discourse within the range of heart rate Hr∈(60～160) to obtain the corresponding value Hr*=σHr+△Hr inside the controller, where σ is the scaling factor and △Hr is the possible offset , using linguistic variables to define the fuzzy set of Hr*, such as

X'＝{0123}＝{Small Medium Large}＝{PTi PS PM PB};

2) Transform the domain of discourse within the range of heat dissipation temperature difference e∈(-10,10°C) to obtain the corresponding value e*=νe+△e inside the controller, where ν is the proportional factor, and △e is the possible Offset, using language variables to define the fuzzy set of e*, such as

Y’＝{-3-2-10123}＝{Negative big negative middle negative small zero positive small positive middle positive big}＝{NEB NEM NES ZE0PESPEM PEB};

3) Transform the change rate of heat dissipation temperature difference ec into the domain of discourse, and obtain the corresponding value ec*=ωec+△ec in the controller’s internal domain of discourse, where ω is the proportional factor, and △ec is the possible offset. Define the fuzzy set of ec*, namely

Z'＝{-3-2-1 0 1 2 3}＝{Negative Large Negative Medium Negative Small Zero Positive Small Central Positive Large}＝{NECB NECMNECS ZEC0 PECS PECM PECB}.

b. Determine the degree of membership

Selecting an appropriate membership function can determine the degree of membership of the above-mentioned internal variables after domain transformation (the internal variables at this time are still ordinary variables) Hr*, e*, and ec* to their respective fuzzy sets, that is, the degree of membership. Here, the degree of membership function selection Among them, a, mi, and pi are all real constant parameters, and a>0; the definition of μ(Xi) is: the membership degree of internal variable Xi to each fuzzy set, and 0≤μ(Xi)≤1;

In this way, according to the membership degree of each internal variable to each fuzzy set, the fuzzy quantity of the internal domain of discourse expressed by the membership degree is finally obtained, that is,

Hr*＝{μPTi μPS μPM μPB};

e*={μNEB μNEM μNES μZE0 μPES μPEM μPEB};

ec*={μNECB μNECM μNECS μZEC0 μPECS μPECM μPECB};

Among them, μPTi is the membership degree value of the internal variable Hr* representing the heat production of the human body to the fuzzy set "micro", and so on.

Fuzzy reasoning:

The fuzzy quantity after fuzzy quantization can be used for fuzzy reasoning. Fuzzy reasoning adopts the generalized forward reasoning of "IF A, B and C, ThenP". Multiple inference rules can be constructed based on experience. One such as:

IF Hr*is PS and e*is PEB and ec*is ZEC0, then△u*is NUS;

Among them, △u* is the fuzzy quantity of the operating voltage △u that the air conditioner 11 needs to adjust under the current working condition u(k), and its fuzzy set U' can be defined as,

U'＝{-3-2-1 0 1 2 3}＝{Negative large negative medium negative small zero positive small positive medium positive large}＝{NUB NUM NUS ZU0PUS PUM PUB}.

Then, the description of the above language rules: when the heat production of the human body is small, the heat dissipation of the human body is positive, and the change rate of the heat dissipation of the human body is zero, the output control voltage increment is negative and the cooling is reduced.

Assume that the aforementioned inference rules are constructed with a total of N pieces, and each fuzzy rule is a fuzzy relationship in the product space, and has a fuzzy relationship matrix Ri, i=1, 2,..., N; and the number of N rules is "or ", then the reasoning result can be expressed as:

Δu*=(Hr*×e*×ec*)○R, R=∪Ri, i=1,2,...,N. Among them, "×" is the direct product symbol, and "○" is the composite operation.

Deblurring:

The control voltage incremental output △u* obtained from the fuzzy reasoning results is the fuzzy quantity of the internal discourse domain, and its elements are the degree of membership to each fuzzy set. Through the method of defuzzification, △u* becomes an ordinary variable on the real number field that can be used for output. Defuzzification can use the maximum degree of membership method, that is, the method based on the maximum degree of membership, or the weighted average method, or the center of gravity method.

△u* obtained by the above defuzzification method is an ordinary variable of the internal domain of discourse. After the inverse transformation of the domain of discourse, the ordinary variable △u=λ△u* of the real domain can be obtained, and λ is the proportional factor. The △u obtained at this time is the real output required. The air conditioner 11 receives the voltage increment signal Δu, adjusts the operating voltage to u(k+1)=u(k)+Δu, and regulates the room temperature.

In addition to the fuzzy control, the air conditioner control signal is also corrected by the feedback signal of the user. The user feedback signal is a first-level priority control, emphasizing the user's ability to control temperature independently. According to the user feedback signal, change the reasoning rules and modify parameters (such as mi, pi of the membership function, etc.), so that the algorithm can automatically adapt to the individual needs of users.

When the dynamic self-adaptive air conditioning control system of the present invention is working, the ambient temperature sensor 8 collects the ambient temperature and displays it on the display screen 12 of the air conditioner, and the user directly observes the display screen 12 of the air conditioner to obtain ambient temperature information.

Wearing the wearable terminal 10, the heart rate sensor 1 and body surface temperature sensor 2 collect the user's heart rate and body surface temperature data and display them on the display screen 5. The user directly observes the display screen 5 to obtain his own physiological information. When the user's heart rate and body surface temperature data are unreasonable, the display screen 5 lights up a warning light to remind the user to check the wearing method or seek medical treatment in time.

The air conditioner control circuit 6 obtains the user's heart rate and body surface temperature signals collected by the wearable terminal through the wireless transmission module, calculates through the air conditioner control algorithm 7, obtains the corresponding air conditioner control voltage, and controls the air conditioner 11 to work and regulate the room temperature.

When the user is dissatisfied with the room temperature adjusted by the air conditioner control circuit 6, the air conditioner 11 is directly controlled to adjust the room temperature through the command input module 9, and the air conditioner control circuit 6 automatically corrects the control algorithm 7 of the air conditioner.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system, including ac control circuit, it is characterised in that：It is additionally provided with and is adopted for dynamic Collect the Wearable terminal of physiology signal, the Wearable terminal includes governor circuit and accesses the physiology of the governor circuit Signal sensing element, the physiological signal sensing element includes heart rate sensor and skin temperature sensors；

Provided with the wireless transport module being mutually matched between Wearable terminal and ac control circuit, the ac control circuit leads to Wireless mode is crossed to receive the signal from Wearable terminal and generate corresponding airconditioning control signal according to air-conditioning end control algolithm；

Heart rate that the process of ac control circuit generation airconditioning control signal includes a) collecting, b) according to shell temperature Convert the obtained radiating temperature difference and c) this three of the rate of change of the radiating temperature difference is input, controlled by air-conditioning end with environment temperature Algorithm processed obtains corresponding airconditioning control signal；

Air-conditioning end control algolithm is fuzzy adaptivecontroller algorithm, and balance is kept for target with human body heat production and radiating；The heart Rate characterizes human body quantity of heat production degree；The temperature difference that radiates characterizes heat gain from occupant's degree；The difference variation that radiates rate characterizes heat gain from occupant The speed degree of change；

Airconditioning control signal is also by the feedback compensation of user feedback signal.

2. dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The airconditioning control signal is adjusted Save voltage, rotating speed or the frequency of air-conditioning variable-frequency motor.

3. dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Wearable terminal also has There is manual operation mode, the governor circuit, which is provided with, is used for manually operated instruction input module.

4. dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Set in the Wearable terminal There is the display screen for showing physiology signal.

5. dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The governor circuit is provided with Alarm elements, when the heart rate, shell temperature signal that collect are unreasonable, display screen lights warning.

6. dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is embedded with the governor circuit Power supply, for powering.

7. according to any described dynamic self-adapting air-conditioner control system in claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that：The wearing Formula terminal includes housing and the wrist strap being arranged on housing, and each circuit element is arranged in housing or be inlaid in surface of shell.