CN104952115B - A kind of charging device and method for measuring the charging electric vehicle service for taking into account timing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging device and method for electric vehicle charging services that take into account both metering and timing. The device includes a timing module, a metering module, a charging module, a first communication module, a billing module, and an identification module; the charging module and the metering module are directly connected , the identification module is directly connected to the timing module, the metering module, the timing module and the first communication module are directly connected to the billing module, and the metering module, the timing module and the billing module are also directly connected to the first communication module; the present invention utilizes the timing module and The metering module calculates information such as the parking time of the car owner and the power consumption, and fully considers that some parking lots charge both parking time and charging fees, and some car owners only park but do not charge. Some car owners occupy the charging pile for a long time, which affects the efficiency of the charging pile, scientifically and rationally use the price lever to calculate various expenses; the whole process can be stopped and charged, and the user can go immediately, which greatly improves the user experience.

Description

Charging device and method for electric vehicle charging service with both metering and timing

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and relates to an electric vehicle charging pile system, a charging charging device and method, and in particular to a charging device and method for electric vehicle charging services that take into account both metering and timing.

Background technique

Today, when fossil energy is about to be exhausted and environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, energy conservation and emission reduction has become a new issue facing the world. The popularization of new energy vehicles will greatly reduce the consumption of fossil energy and ease the pressure on energy sources. The reduction of vehicle exhaust emissions will also help to solve pollution problems such as smog. Therefore, all countries with advanced science and technology regard new energy vehicles as the top priority of their research.

However, the popularization of electric vehicles is very difficult, one of the important reasons is that the supporting charging facilities for electric vehicles are not yet perfect. Currently, existing electric vehicle charging piles can provide charging, metering and billing functions. Plug in the charging cable to start charging and metering and billing, unplug the charging point to connect the charging end, and the metering and billing is completed.

In the existing electric vehicle charging pile scheme, first of all, the problem of timing and charging is not considered. Even if the electricity is accurately measured and the fee is calculated according to the electricity, this fee does not include parking time, and does not take into account the peak charging time. The price rate adjustment of Shigushi did not take into account the situation that some vehicles occupy the charging equipment for a long time, or some vehicles occupy the parking spaces with charging piles but do not charge, resulting in unreasonable resource utilization, low efficiency, and fairness. and efficiency. Secondly, the existing charging piles cannot be connected to the Internet, so it is difficult for operators to charge charging fees, and they cannot monitor and manage the charging piles. That is to say, after the car owner finishes charging, the operator does not know about it and cannot charge the charging fee.

All in all, the existing charging piles are neither convenient for car owners to charge, nor convenient for operators to operate.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the billing and charging problems of electric vehicle charging piles, so that the electric vehicle charging piles can be truly operated and put into the market.

The technical solution adopted by the device of the present invention is: a charging device for electric vehicle charging service that takes into account both metering and timing, and is characterized in that it includes a timing module, a metering module, a charging module, a first communication module, a billing module and an identification module The charging module is directly connected to the metering module, the identification module is directly connected to the timing module, the metering module, the timing module and the first communication module are directly connected to the billing module, and the metering module, the timing module and the billing module are also directly connected to the first communication module connected;

The identification module is used to identify and inform the timing module whether there is a vehicle parked in the parking space, identify and inform the first communication module of the identity of the owner or the vehicle;

The timing module is used to start timing when the identification module judges that there is a vehicle parked in the parking space; when the owner drives away from the parking space and the identification module judges that there is no vehicle parked in the parking space, the timing ends; the time value calculated by the timing module , sent to the billing module and the first communication module;

The metering module is used to measure the working condition information of all charging piles in real time, and transmit the measurement results to the billing module and the first communication module; the working condition information of the charging piles includes start-stop status information, charging current information , charging voltage information, charging active power information, charging reactive power information;

The first communication module supports one or more networking methods of wired network and wireless network, and sends the working conditions of the charging pile, various expenses and total expenses of the electric vehicle to the designated cloud server through the network, and from the cloud The server downloads instructions to remotely control the start and stop of charging piles, and automatically modify the rates of various fees; the various fees mentioned include parking fees, electricity fees, charging service fees, and resource occupation fees;

The billing module supports serial port communication, network communication, and general-purpose GPIO input and output, and is used to calculate the charging service fee according to the measurement results of the metering module and the timing module when the electric vehicle is parked, and transmit the calculation result to the first communication module ;

The charging module is used to convert alternating current into direct current for output to the electric vehicle, and stop charging the electric vehicle according to the downloaded instruction when the cloud server judges that the owner's balance is insufficient.

Preferably, the charging device further includes a display module, which is directly connected to the charging module; used to display parking time information, charging power consumption information, and various fee information during charging, and display when the owner leaves the parking space after charging The total cost of parking and charging this time and the transaction information.

Preferably, the cloud server includes a second communication module, a decision module, and a database; the database includes a traffic database, a transaction record database, a user database, and a charging pile database; the cloud server communicates with each charging pile, Know the working condition information of the charging pile, the identity information of the owner or the vehicle, and the various fee information generated by each transaction; authenticate and deduct fees from the account that the owner negotiated and bound in advance; automatically calculate various types of charges based on the data stored by itself. Various tariff rates in the environment; automatically issue instructions to the charging pile, remotely control its start and stop, and modify various tariff rates; the various environments mentioned include all-day charging peak periods, charging trough periods, prosperous areas, and remote areas.

The technical solution adopted by the method of the present invention is: a charging method for electric vehicle charging service that takes into account both metering and timing, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1: After the car owner parks, the identification module detects the identity information of the car owner or the vehicle, and uploads it to the cloud server by the first communication module, and the timing module starts to work; Amount, whether the charging pile matches the electric vehicle, so as to determine whether the charging function can be turned on, and feedback the judgment result to the charging pile;

Step 2: The charging pile judges whether the owner is charging in real time, and uploads the parking time information and charging power information to the cloud server in real time;

If the car owner is charging, then perform the following steps 3 in sequence;

If the car owner is not charging, then perform the following step 4 in sequence;

Step 3: Real-time billing of the charging pile: If the car owner has not charged all the time, the resource occupation fee will be charged according to the excess progressive rate; if the car owner is still charging while parking, the resource occupation fee will not be charged, but the charging service fee will be charged. The rate of charging service fee rises as the charging speed decreases;

Step 4: When the car owner leaves the parking space, the timing module stops, and the first communication module uploads the transaction information to the cloud server, and the cloud server directly uses the previously bound and agreed account according to the identified identity of the car owner or the vehicle. Fees are deducted and the transaction is closed.

Preferably, the charging pile described in step 2 judges whether the owner is charging in real time, and its specific implementation is completed by the metering module. When the current measured by the metering module is greater than the preset threshold, it is considered to be charging. If it is lower than the threshold, it is considered to be charging. Not charging.

As a preference, the rate of the charging service fee described in step 3 rises as the charging speed decreases, and its specific calculation formula is:

Among them, r(t) is the charging service rate at time t, the unit is yuan/KWh, k is a preset coefficient, representing the decay rate of the rate caused by the charging rate, R ₀ is the base rate, t is the time, Q (t,i,u,T) is the remaining power of the electric vehicle, i is the current, u is the voltage, T is the temperature;

It can be obtained that the charging service fee is

where c is the charging service fee, t _o is the parking start time, and t ₁ is the time when the car leaves.

The present invention utilizes the timing module and the metering module to calculate information such as the parking time of the car owner and the power consumption, and fully considers that some parking lots need to charge both the parking time fee and the charging fee, and some car owners only park In the case of not charging, some car owners occupy the charging pile for a long time and affect the efficiency of the charging pile, scientifically and reasonably use the price lever to calculate various costs; and the whole process does not require any operation of the car owner, that is, stop and charge Go, greatly improve the user experience.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: is the frame structure diagram of the device of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2: is the flow chart of the method of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3: is the relationship diagram of the battery power and the charging time of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4: It is the relationship diagram of the charging rate and the charging time of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5: It is the relationship diagram of charging rate and charging time in the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6: is a simplified relationship diagram of charging rate and charging time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to facilitate those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the implementation examples described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit this invention.

Please see Fig. 1, a charging device for charging service of electric vehicles with both metering and timing provided by the present invention is characterized in that it includes a timing module, a metering module, a charging module, a first communication module, a billing module, an identification module and a display module; the charging module is directly connected to the metering module, the identification module is directly connected to the timing module, the metering module, the timing module and the first communication module are directly connected to the billing module, and the metering module, the timing module and the billing module are also connected to the first communication module directly connected.

The recognition module of this embodiment is used to identify and inform the timing module whether there is a vehicle parked in the parking space, identify and inform the first communication module of the identity of the owner or vehicle; Sensing radar, infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor, etc. When the vehicle approaches these sensors, the sensors output corresponding signals to the timing module. Identifying and notifying the identity of the owner or the vehicle to the communication module can, but is not limited to, be implemented jointly by using the camera and the above-mentioned sensors. When the sensor perceives that a vehicle is parked, the timing module starts, and at the same time sends a signal to the camera, which takes a photo of the license plate number of the car and the face of the owner, and uses an image processing algorithm to analyze the photos to identify the identity of the vehicle or owner.

The timing module of this embodiment is used to start timing when the identification module judges that there is a vehicle parked in the parking space; when the owner drives away from the parking space and the identification module judges that there is no vehicle parked in the parking space, the timing ends; the time counted by the timing module The value is transmitted to the billing module and the first communication module; the timing function can be realized by but not limited to digital counters, network time correction, etc.

The metering module of this embodiment is used to measure the working condition information of all charging piles in real time, and transmit the measurement results to the billing module and the first communication module; the working condition information of the charging pile includes start-stop status information, charging current information, charging Voltage information, charging active power information, charging reactive power information;

The first communication module in this embodiment supports one or more networking methods in wired network and wireless network, and sends the working conditions of charging piles, various expenses and total expenses of electric vehicles to the designated cloud server through the network, from The cloud server downloads instructions to remotely control the start and stop of charging piles, and automatically modify the rates of various fees; various fees include parking fees, electricity fees, charging service fees, and resource occupation fees; in practical applications, the metering function can be but not limited to Realized with traditional devices such as inductors. Judging whether the vehicle is charging can be realized by, but not limited to, setting a threshold: if the current measured by the metering module is greater than the threshold, it is determined to be charging, otherwise it is determined not to be charging. In practical applications, this function can be realized by programming, but not limited to, devices such as a microprocessor and a supporting network card.

The billing module of this embodiment supports serial port communication, network communication, and general-purpose GPIO input and output, and is used to calculate the charging service fee according to the measurement results of the metering module and the timing module when the electric vehicle is parked, and transmit the calculation result to the first communication module; in practical applications, this module can be implemented by programming a microprocessor, but not limited to.

The charging module of this embodiment is used to convert alternating current into direct current and output it to the electric vehicle, and when the cloud server judges that the owner’s balance is insufficient, stop charging the electric vehicle according to the downloaded instruction; the function of alternating current to direct current can be but not limited to It can be realized with a traditional electric vehicle charger. The function of stopping charging when the car owner and the balance is insufficient can be completed together with the first communication module: the cloud server judges that the balance of the account bound by the car owner is insufficient, and sends a command to stop charging. The first communication module downloads the command and directs The charging module stopped working. The charging module can, but is not limited to, use an electromagnetic relay to control whether to charge.

The display module of this embodiment is directly connected to the billing module; it is used to display parking time information, charging power consumption information, and various cost information during charging, and displays the total cost of parking and charging when the owner leaves the parking space after charging. and this transaction information;

The cloud server in this embodiment includes a second communication module, a decision-making module, and a database; the database includes a traffic database, a transaction record database, a user database, and a charging pile database; the cloud server communicates with each charging pile to obtain the working condition information, The identity information of the car owner or vehicle, and various fee information generated by each transaction; authentication and deduction of the account bound by the car owner through negotiation in advance; automatically calculate various rates in various environments according to the data stored by itself; Automatically issue instructions to charging piles, remotely control their start and stop, and modify various rates; various environments include all-day charging peak periods, charging trough periods, prosperous areas, and remote areas. In practical applications, the server module can be implemented with a built-in algorithm program written in a high-performance computer.

The present invention provides a charging method for electric vehicle charging service with both metering and timing, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: After the car owner parks, the identification module detects the identity information of the car owner or the vehicle, and uploads it to the cloud server by the first communication module, and the timing module starts to work; Amount, whether the charging pile matches the electric vehicle, so as to determine whether the charging function can be turned on, and feedback the judgment result to the charging pile;

Step 2: The charging pile judges whether the owner is charging in real time, and uploads the parking time information and charging power information to the cloud server in real time;

If the car owner is charging, then perform the following steps 3 in sequence;

If the car owner is not charging, then perform the following step 4 in sequence;

The charging pile judges whether the owner is charging in real time, and the specific implementation is completed by the metering module. When the measured current of the metering module is greater than the preset threshold, it is considered to be charging, and if it is lower than the threshold, it is considered not to be charging.

Step 3: Real-time billing of the charging pile: If the car owner has not charged all the time, the resource occupation fee will be charged according to the excess progressive rate; if the car owner is still charging while parking, the resource occupation fee will not be charged, but the charging service fee will be charged. The rate of charging service fee rises as the charging speed decreases;

The charging service fee rate rises as the charging speed decreases, and its specific calculation formula is:

Among them, r(t) is the charging service rate at time t, the unit is yuan/KWh, k is a preset coefficient, representing the decay rate of the rate caused by the charging rate, R ₀ is the base rate, t is the time, Q (t,i,u,T) is the remaining power of the electric vehicle, i is the current, u is the voltage, T is the temperature;

The formula for calculating the partial derivative, this application adopts an approximate method, that is, every time the timing module counts 15 minutes, the billing module uses the metering module to calculate the power consumption in the fifteen minutes and divides it by 15 minutes, and uses this ratio to approximate this 15 minutes charging rate;

It can be obtained that the charging service fee is

where c is the charging service fee, t _o is the parking start time, t ₁ is the time when the car leaves;

Step 4: When the car owner leaves the parking space, the timing module stops, and the first communication module uploads the transaction information to the cloud server, and the cloud server directly uses the previously bound and agreed account according to the identified identity of the car owner or the vehicle. Fees are deducted and the transaction is closed.

Please refer to Fig. 3. When the electric vehicle is being charged, the relationship between the battery power Q and the time t is shown in Fig. 3 . Under normal circumstances, when an electric vehicle starts charging, the remaining power is relatively small, and the charging rate is relatively fast; as the charging continues, the charging rate drops significantly. The problem this brings is that the amount of electricity charged by electric vehicles in the same time may be different, that is, the utilization rate of charging piles is different. The charging service fee algorithm in the present invention balances this efficiency issue.

Please see Figure 4. When an electric vehicle is charging, the relationship between the battery power dQ/dt and time t is shown in Figure 4. This figure and Figure 3 complement each other, clearly showing a significant decrease in the charging rate.

Please refer to FIG. 5 . Ideally, the relationship between resource occupation fee rate r and time t in the present invention is shown in FIG. 5 . Rate is negatively correlated with efficiency, and efficiency is negatively correlated with time, so rate is positively correlated with time, as shown in the figure. This relationship is detailed in the rate calculation formula (1).

Please refer to Figure 6. In this embodiment, in order to simplify the calculation of the rate, the rate is calculated using the average efficiency over a period of time. It can be seen that the trend of the broken line is the same as that of the ideal curve, and the fitting is better.

It should be understood that the parts not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned descriptions for the preferred embodiments are relatively detailed, and should not therefore be considered as limiting the scope of the patent protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection, replacements or modifications can also be made, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of metering takes into account the charging device that the charging electric vehicle of timing is serviced, it is characterised in that：Including timing module, meter Amount module, charging module, first communication module, accounting module and identification module；Charging module and metering module are joined directly together, and know Other module and timing module are joined directly together, and metering module, timing module are direct with first communication module to be connected with accounting module, meter Amount module, timing module, accounting module are also joined directly together with first communication module；

Described identification module differentiates and informs the first communication for recognizing and informing timing module parking stall whether there is vehicle parking Module car owner or the identity of vehicle；

Described timing module is used to, when identification module judges to have vehicle parking on parking stall, start timing；When car owner is sailed out of Parking stall, when identification module is judged on parking stall without vehicle parking, timing terminates；The time value that timing module meter is obtained, sends to Accounting module and first communication module；

Described metering module is used to measure in real time the work information of all charging piles, and sends measurement result to accounting module And first communication module；The work information of described charging pile includes start and stop status information, charging current information, charging voltage letter Breath, charging active power information, charging reactive power information；

Described first communication module supports one or more networking mode in cable network, wireless network, and by charging pile Operating mode, the general expenses of electric automobile and total cost specified cloud server is sent to by network, under cloud server Instruction is carried, with remote control charging pile start and stop, the rate of automatic modification general expenses；Described general expenses include parking fee, The electricity charge, charging service take, resources use fee；

Described accounting module supports serial communication, network service, general GPIO input and output, for being stopped in electric automobile When, the measurement result according to metering module, timing module calculates charging service expense, and result of calculation is transmitted to the first communication mould Block；

Described charging module is used to convert alternating current to direct current electricity output to electric automobile, and server judges beyond the clouds Car owner stops to charging electric vehicle in the case that Sorry, your ticket has not enough value according to the instruction downloaded.

2. according to claim 1 metering takes into account the charging device that the charging electric vehicle of timing is serviced, it is characterised in that： Also include display module, be joined directly together with described accounting module；For showing down time information when charging, charging consumes Information about power, general expenses information, total cost that this stopping for charging is shown when car owner sails out of parking stall and sheet are finished charging Secondary Transaction Information.

3. according to claim 1 metering takes into account the charging device that the charging electric vehicle of timing is serviced, it is characterised in that： Described cloud server includes second communication module, decision-making module and database；Described database include traffic database, Transaction record database, customer data base and charging pile database；Described cloud server and each charging pile is communicated, and is obtained Know the general expenses information that the identity information of work information, car owner or the vehicle of charging pile, each transaction are produced；It is prior to car owner The account for consulting binding is authenticated, is deducted fees；According to the data that itself is stored, the every rate under all kinds of environment is calculated automatically； It is automatic to assign instruction to charging pile, remote control its start and stop, each rate of modification；Described all kinds of environment include whole day charging peak Phase, charging low ebb phase, bustling location, remote location.

4. a kind of charging device of the charging electric vehicle service that metering using described in claim 1 takes into account timing carries out electronic The method of automobile charging service charge, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

Step 1：After car owner's parking, identification module detects the identity information of car owner or vehicle, and is uploaded by first communication module To cloud server, timing module is started working；Cloud server judges that car owner realizes being whether there is enough in the account for consult binding Remaining sum, whether charging pile and electric automobile match, so as to draw whether charge function can be opened, and will determine that result feed back To charging pile；

Step 2：Whether charging pile real-time judge car owner is charging, and in real time uploads to down time information, charge capacity information Cloud server；

If car owner is to charge, order performs following step 3；

If car owner is not charging, order performs following step 4；

Step 3：Charging pile real time billing：If car owner does not charge all the time, resource occupation expense is collected, according to excess progression expense Rate is collected；If also being charged in car owner's docking process, resources use fee is not collected, but to collect charging service expense, charge clothes The rate of expense of being engaged in floats with the reduction of charging rate；

Step 4：When car owner sails out of parking stall, timing module stops, and Transaction Information is uploaded to cloud server by first communication module, By cloud server according to the car owner for having identified or the identity of vehicle, directly detained from the good account of binding, agreement in advance Except expense, closing the transaction.

5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Whether the charging pile real-time judge car owner described in step 2 Charging, it implements and is completed by metering module, when metering module measures electric current more than predetermined threshold value, then it is assumed that in charging, If being less than the threshold value, then it is assumed that do not charging.

6. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The rate of the charging service expense described in step 3 is with filling The reduction of electric speed and float, its specific formula for calculation is：

$r\left(t\right)=-k\left(\frac{\∂Q(t,i,u,T)}{\∂t}\right)+R_0---\left(1\right);$

Wherein, r (t) is t charging service rate, and unit is unit/KWh, and k is default coefficient, characterizes rate by the speed that charges The rate of decay that rate causes, R₀It is standard rate, t is the time, and Q (t, i, u, T) is electric automobile dump energy, and i is electric current, u It is voltage, T is temperature；

It can thus be concluded that, charging service expense is

$c={\∫}_{t_0}^{t_1}r\left(t\right)dt---\left(2\right);$

Wherein, c is charging service expense, t_oIt is parking time started, t₁It is time when automobile leaves.