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CN104937163A - 制造碳纤维织物的方法及利用该方法制造的织物 - Google Patents

制造碳纤维织物的方法及利用该方法制造的织物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104937163A
CN104937163A CN201380007216.4A CN201380007216A CN104937163A CN 104937163 A CN104937163 A CN 104937163A CN 201380007216 A CN201380007216 A CN 201380007216A CN 104937163 A CN104937163 A CN 104937163A
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fabric
aforementioned
polyurethane
protective layer
silicones
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阿帝利奥·马西尼
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Automobili Lamborghini SpA
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Automobili Lamborghini SpA
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
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Abstract

一种制造碳纤维织物的方法，在其中，用硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)浸渍碳纤维织物(1)，然后将其与所述的织物(1)一起干燥。本发明还涉及一种通过这种方法所制造的织物，以及一种包含这种织物的机动车辆的覆料。

Description

制造碳纤维织物的方法及利用该方法制造的织物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造碳纤维织物的方法，尤其是一种能够用来覆盖机动车辆内部部分的柔韧织物。本发明还涉及包含这种织物的机动车辆的覆料。
背景技术
已知的碳纤维织物包含一片相互垂直排列的碳纤维的细的单纤维丝。这些已知的织物用聚合型树脂浸渍，并按照合适的方向排列。该树脂被固化从而获得具有特定高抗性的刚硬材料，其对于产品的结构部分或美学部分都是相配的。由于它们的硬度特性，这些材料不能铺在像是机动车辆内部部分上，这里需要能够被缝以及被折叠的柔韧织物。这也排除了由碳纤维制成的生织物的应用，其易于抽线并且一旦变形就不能保持纤维的不变的排列方式。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是克服了所述的缺点，提供一种由碳纤维制成的织物。所述的目的通过一种方法，一种织物以及一种覆料所实现，它们的主要特点在权利要求1、19和21中进行了详细说明，同时，其它特点在其余的权利要求中进行了详细说明。
归功于它的独有的特点，本发明所述的织物可以方便地用在产品以及衣服的配饰或皮革制品中，尤其是包，也可以是其他需要柔韧织物的应用中，例如就像椅子覆料或者是内墙壁，尤其是机动车辆。事实上，本发明所述的织物，甚至是当所述的织物在接缝处被拉伸时，也不会被磨损。此外，即使沿着两个横向曲率轴的变形，即凹或凸变形，所述的织物保持大量的垂直排列以及所述的纤维的有限的纵向的滑动，以避免它的结构的永久性变形。
较佳地，一个特有的保护层铺在所述的织物上，以改善在制造中的操作，和/或限制所述的织物的柔韧性，也使它有耐受性、防水、隔热绝缘、半透明、不透明和/或不反光。
本发明所述的织物摸起来很舒服，且具有比碳纤维生织物的抗性高的高抗性，同时，保持了极好的柔韧性，其也允许在同一织物上进行折叠或褶缝而不丧失完整性。由于它的独有的浸渍确保了纹理即使在变形后也有一个正确的排列方式，所述的织物也很有弹性。所以使该织物变形但是没有改变纹理，并且也没有造成纤维之间的抽丝是有可能的。
根据该发明的一个方面，特定的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液也浸渍所述的碳纤维织物的大多数的内部的纤维，以获得耐表面磨损的织物，但同时保持极好的柔韧性。
较佳地，在它最后的构造中，所述的织物的至少一个边缘被折叠以及被缝在其自身之上，以形成，一可以防止所述的织物的内层的大部分纤维被抽丝的褶缝。
附图说明
从下面的对一实施例的详细且没有限制的描述，其中包括附图，本发明所述的织物和方法的进一步的优点和特点对于本领域的熟练地技术人员是显然的。
图1为所述的方法中的一步中所述的织物的一部分剖视图；
图2为所述的方法的随后的步骤中的图1中所述的织物；
图3为所述的方法的随后的步骤中的图1中所述的织物；以及
图4为所述的方法的进一步的步骤中的图1中所述的织物。
具体实施方式
参阅图1所示，可以看出本发明所述的织物1至少包括一碳纤维的丝线的织物，特别是布的、斜纹的或缎纹的织物，碳纤维的线密度介于50至5000g/km之间，且碳纤维包括从1000至60000条单纤维丝，尤其是直径介于5至10微米之间的从3000至24000条单纤维丝。织物1的厚度介于50至1000微米之间。织物1的基重介于170至270g/m2之间，尤其是210和220g/m2。
在准备操作的第一步，为了确保排列和良好的美观的织物的完成，织物1被处在介于30°至200°的温度和/或处在介于1至100巴的压强，刷和/或拉伸，所述的压强是通过适合产生可变压强的两个气缸或两个压板的方式产生。
在准备操作的第二步，至少一个保护层2，较佳地，包括一层膜，一纺织物或一无纺物，更佳地，聚氨酯、聚酰胺或丙烯酸膜，铺在织物1的一侧面上。保护层2的厚度介于50至500微米之间。保护层2的基重介于20至40g/m2之间，尤其是25和35g/m2。保护层2通过层压，尤其是热轧或压的方式铺在织物1上，其中织物1和所述的保护层2通过处在介于30°至200°之间的温度和/或处在介于10至200巴之间的压强层压在一起。在该操作步骤中，所述的保护层2的表面与织物1相互接触，并且部分渗入织物1，以形成一个厚度介于织物1厚度的5％至60％之间的中间层3，在其中，织物1外部的单纤维丝与所述的保护层2成一体。
参阅图2所示，从主要的操作步骤中可以看出，硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4通过喷洒5、或通过涂抹、浸泡或“热熔”转移过程的方式浸渍织物1。相对于所述的保护层2，喷洒5是作用在织物1的另一侧面的，即织物1是介于保护层2和喷洒5之间。具有硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4的织物1通过层压滚轮挤压，在所述的滚轮产生的介于1至100巴之间的压强下，所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4渗入织物1中并除去多余的量。
在该方法随后的步骤中，在织物1上的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4被干燥，尤其是通过在烤箱中处于介于20°至200℃之间的温度、介于2至40小时之间的时间的热处理来干燥。在干燥步骤的最后，织物1浸渍的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4为该织物1的重量的1％至60％之间的比例。
参阅图3所示，从该方法随后的可选择的步骤中可以看出，一脂肪质溶液6通过相同的喷洒5或者是其他的喷洒的方式喷洒至织物1上，从而将基重介于48至90g/m2之间的脂肪质溶液6敷在表面，特别是55g/m2±10％或80g/m2±10％，这之后，所述的脂肪质溶液6被干燥。
脂肪质溶液6包括丙烯酸酯、乙二醇和/或脂肪族聚氨酯化合物，尤其是乳浊剂。脂肪质溶液6还可以包括硅氧链。
参阅图4所示，从该方法进一步的可选择的步骤中可以看出，将异氰酸酯和/或交联聚脲的物质的水乳剂7喷洒在所述的织物1上，在这之后，将其进行干燥。
较佳地，在所述的方法的最后，所述的织物1的基重介于260至320g/m2之间。
在一个可替换的实施例中，在铺所述的保护层2之前，所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4可以通过上述所述的方法敷在织物1上。
在最后的操作步骤中，所述的浸渍过所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液4且结合该保护层2的织物1的至少一边缘，如果有的话，其被折叠以及被缝在其自身之上以形成一褶缝。
本领域的熟练的技术人员可以对本发明在此所描述的实施例，以及所列举的在从属权利要求范围之内的其余的内容进行可能的变换和/或修改。特别是，该发明的进一步的实施例可能包括从属权利要求中任意一项所包含的技术特征，包含增加的一个或者是更多的技术特征，单独一个或者是任何相互结合的，在本说明书和/或附图中所述的技术特征。

Claims (21)

1.一种制造碳纤维织物的方法，其特征在于，用硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)浸渍碳纤维织物(1)，然后将其与所述的织物(1)一起干燥。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)通过喷洒(5)、涂抹、浸泡或“热熔”转移过程的方式敷于所述的织物(1)。
3.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的织物(1)浸渍的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)为该织物(1)的重量的1％至60％之间的比例。
4.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，浸渍有所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)的该织物(1)在进行所述的干燥之前，用介于1至100巴之间的压强进行挤压。
5.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的织物(1)的一侧面铺有保护层(2)。
6.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，在将所述的保护层(2)铺在所述的织物(1)上之前，将所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)敷于所述的织物(1)。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的保护层(2)包括聚氨酯、聚酰胺或丙烯酸膜。
8.根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的保护层(2)包括一无纺布。
9.根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的保护层(2)通过层压，尤其是热轧或压的方式铺在所述的织物(1)上，这其中所述的保护层(2)的表面与所述的织物(1)相互接触且部分渗入所述的织物(1)，以形成一个中间层(3)，在其中，所述的织物(1)外部的单纤维丝与所述的保护层(2)成一体。
10.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的中间层(3)的厚度介于所述的织物(1)的厚度的5％至60％之间。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的层压是处在介于30°至200°之间的温度下和/或处在介于10至200巴之间的压强下进行。
12.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，将脂肪质溶液(6)喷洒在所述的织物(1)上，在这之后，对其进行干燥。
13.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的脂肪质溶液(6)的基重介于48至90g/m2之间，尤其是55g/m2±10％或80g/m2±10％。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的脂肪质溶液(6)包括丙烯酸酯、乙二醇和/或脂肪族聚氨酯化合物，尤其是乳浊剂。
15.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的脂肪质溶液(6)包括硅氧链。
16.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，将异氰酸酯和/或交联聚脲的物质的水乳剂(7)喷洒在所述的织物(1)上，在这之后，对其进行干燥。
17.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述的方法最后，所述的织物(1)的基重介于260至320g/m2之间。
18.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的浸渍过所述的硅树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸乳液(4)且结合该保护层(2)的织物(1)至少一边缘，如果有的话，其被折叠以及被缝在其自身之上以形成一褶缝。
19.一种碳纤维织物(1)，其特征在于，其是通过前述任一项权利要求所述的方法所制造的。
20.根据前述权利要求所述的织物，其特征在于，其沿着两个横向曲率轴为可变形的。
21.一种机动车辆的衬料，其特征在于，其包含权利要求19或20所述的织物。
CN201380007216.4A 2012-02-20 2013-02-11 制造碳纤维织物的方法及利用该方法制造的织物 Pending CN104937163A (zh)

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