CN104813876A - Organic composition capable of replacing agricultural film - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an organic composition that can replace the agricultural film, which is formed by uniformly mixing the following components according to the dry weight ratio: 70-90 parts of crushed straw; 6-12 parts of dry cow dung powder; the straw includes The stems and leaves of any one or more of wheat, rice, corn, sorghum, potato and bean crops, the fineness of straw and cow dung is less than 0.5mm, and the fineness of gypsum powder is 200-300 mesh. When in use, add 3 parts of the composition to 7 parts of water to form a slurry, and spray it evenly on the soil surface with a sprayer, and the thickness of the covering layer is preferably 1-3mm. The present invention is sprayed to form a covering layer after adding water to adjust the slurry, which can reduce 60-80% of water evaporation per unit time and increase the ground temperature by 2-5°C on average. The seed germination effect of corn and flue-cured tobacco is the best, which is equivalent to the effect of the existing agricultural film, which can reach 90-97% of the effect of the agricultural film. The invention does not need to remove the film for recycling, does not pollute the land, can also increase soil organic matter, improve soil fertility, and achieve a virtuous ecological cycle.

Description

An organic composition that can replace agricultural film

technical field

The invention relates to a non-toxic, harmless and environmental ecological agricultural mulch substitute, and an organic harvesting composition that can replace the agricultural mulch.

Background technique

Plastic film is widely used in modern agriculture, referred to as agricultural mulch film. Although it can keep warm and moisturize, reduce soil moisture evaporation, and play a role in protecting seedlings and promoting growth of crops, due to slow degradation of mulch film and difficult recycling, many mulch film fragments remain in the soil. Block the circulation of water and fertilizer, affecting the growth of new crops. During the degradation process, certain toxic and harmful substances will be produced, which will be transferred to crop products, posing a potential threat to the health of consumers. Therefore, agricultural plastic mulch is causing more and more serious environmental and ecological problems, becoming the so-called "white pollution". .

Faced with such an urgent and silent threat, people have begun to wake up and have begun to develop various measures to change, but the existing solutions are mostly to reduce the amount of mulch, recycle as much waste mulch as possible, and increase publicity efforts to popularize scientific knowledge. However, due to the wide range of use of mulch and the uneven level of users, efforts to prevent mulch pollution have had little effect without directly touching their own interests. It is necessary to develop possible alternatives, especially organic alternatives. However, organic substitutes have not been reported yet.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to address the above problems, and propose an organic composition that can replace the agricultural film. This composition does not need to be withdrawn and recycled, and can be covered on the soil surface to keep heat and keep moisture, promote seed germination and seedling growth, and increase the yield without polluting the land. Soil organic matter, improve soil fertility, and achieve a virtuous cycle of ecology.

This organic composition that the present invention proposes can replace agricultural film, it is characterized in that it is formed by mixing uniformly by dry weight parts ratio of following components:

70-90 parts of crushed straw;

6-12 parts of dried cow dung powder;

1-3 parts of gypsum powder.

Described three kinds of composition ratios are as follows preferably:

90 parts of crushed straw;

8 parts of dried cow dung powder;

2 parts of gypsum powder.

Straw includes stems and leaves of any one or more of wheat, rice, corn, sorghum, potato and bean crops, and the fineness of straw and cow dung is less than 0.5mm.

The fineness of gypsum powder is 200-300 mesh.

When in use, add 3 parts of the composition to 7 parts of water to form a slurry, and spray it evenly on the soil surface with a sprayer, and the thickness of the covering layer is preferably 1-3mm.

The covering layer formed by spraying after adding water to slurry in the present invention can reduce 60-80% of water evaporation per unit time, increase the ground temperature by 2-5°C on average, and has the most obvious germination effect when used for crop seeds, especially broad beans, peas, and wheat The seed germination effect of , corn and flue-cured tobacco is the best, which is equivalent to the effect of the existing agricultural film, and can reach 90-97% of the effect of the agricultural film. It can completely replace the agricultural film.

The main components of the invention are organic matter such as straw and cow dung, and only a small amount of minerals can be aggregated, which has no damage to the land. Compared with the traditional agricultural plastic film, the present invention does not need to be removed and recycled, and covers the soil surface to keep heat and keep moisture, promote seed germination and seedling growth, increase soil organic matter without polluting the land, improve soil fertility, and achieve a virtuous cycle of ecology.

Detailed ways

The positive technical effects of the present invention are further illustrated below with application examples.

Example 1. Mix half and half of wheat straw and rice straw and crush them to 0.5mm with a pulverizer. After crushing, pass through a sieve with a sieve hole of 0.5mm. When 90%-97% of them become undersieves, the fineness of the material is 0.5. mm. After drying the cow dung, use the same method to crush and sieve to achieve the same fineness as the straw. At this time, add commercially available gypsum powder with a fineness of 200 mesh. The mixing ratio of the three is 90 parts of straw powder, 8 parts of cow dung powder, and gypsum powder. Powder 2 parts. The three components are fully stirred evenly and serve.

Take three parts of the composition in this example and add 7 parts of clear water, fully stir it with a mixing bucket to form a slurry, and use a shoulder-back wine sprayer to spray and cover the roots of the flue-cured tobacco transplanted seedlings to form a 1-3mm thick cover. Film, through the comparison test of two plots at the same place, it is proved that the survival rate of transplanted seedlings transplanted by the organic composition covering film of the present invention is 95%, and that of traditional agricultural film is 96%. . The composition of the present invention does not need to remove the film, which can save a lot of labor costs. At the same time, after the tobacco plant grows, the covering will naturally crack and loosen, and will be washed into the ground by rainwater to become organic fertilizer in the next year, which can reduce the amount of fertilizer application accordingly.

Example 2, after drying the stems and leaves of broad bean tree and pea tree, pulverize them to 0.1mm with pulverizer. All the other conditions are the same as example 1. Through the inventor's unit and the flue-cured tobacco transplanting seedlings, a comparative test is carried out. 2 acres of plots using the organic composition plastic film of the present invention, 2000 strains, the result is that the transplanting seedling survival rate is 97%, which is also better than using 96% of traditional agricultural film.

Example 3: Cut the stems and leaves of the corn tree that were cut off after harvesting corn in the same year with a guillotine into small sections of 2-3cm, and after drying, crush them to 0.1mm with a grinder. Take 75 parts and add 10 parts of the same fineness Dry cow dung powder, 3 parts of gypsum powder, mix well.

Take 3 parts of the uniformly mixed composition and add 7 parts of water to adjust the slurry. According to the above method, the soil around the pepper transplanted seedlings is covered to replace the traditional plastic film. The result is that the survival rate reaches 100%, and the cultivation effect is the same as that of the traditional plastic film.

After the inventor tries out transplanted seedlings of crop varieties such as tomato, corn, wheat, cucumber, etc., the effect is all good, and the local agricultural technicians carry out on-the-spot testing, and the organic composition mulch film of the present invention is used, and the underground temperature is generally higher than the surface 2- At 5°C, the water evaporation is reduced by 60-75%. It can completely replace plastic agricultural film.

Example 4. The corn stalks in Example 4 were replaced with sorghum stalks, and the rest remained unchanged. The obtained organic composition has the effect of substituting agricultural film after being mixed with water, and is tested on crops such as flue-cured tobacco, tomato, green vegetables, white tea, and potato, and the effect is basically the same as that of common agricultural film.

Claims (5)

1. an organic composite for alternative plastic sheeting for farm use, is characterized in that it to be mixed in dry weight number ratio by following component and forms:

Stalk 70-90 part after pulverizing;

Dry cow dung powder 6-12 part;

Land plaster 1-3 part.

2. can replace the organic composite of plastic sheeting for farm use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that three kinds of component proportions the following is good:

Stalk after pulverizing 90 parts;

Dry 8 parts, cow dung powder;

Land plaster 2 parts.

3. can replace the organic composite of plastic sheeting for farm use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that stalk to comprise in wheat, paddy rice, corn, Chinese sorghum, potato class and legume crop any one or multiple stem and leaf, stalk and cow dung fineness are less than 0.5mm.

4. can replace the organic composite of plastic sheeting for farm use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that land plaster fineness is 200-300 order.

5. can replace the organic composite of plastic sheeting for farm use according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that using, this composition 3 parts is added the water furnishing slurry of 7 parts, spray equably in soil surface with spraying machine, overburden cover is advisable with 1-3mm.