CN104819734A - Fabric resistance sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a fabric resistance sensor, which is divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely the first layer of fabric, the second layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric, the yarn used in the second layer of fabric is polyaniline composite conductive Yarn and spandex monofilament. The present invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned fabric resistance sensor. The yarn pretreated by atmospheric pressure plasma is used as the surface of the substrate to absorb aniline monomer and oxidant, and the polyaniline composite conductive material formed by oxidizing and polymerizing the doped acid on the surface of the yarn is Yarn, and weaving together with spandex monofilament, then as the second layer of fabric, weave a layer of fabric made of ordinary yarn on the top and bottom of the second layer of fabric, this three-layer sandwich structure fabric sensor makes the fabric have It has the advantages of soft hand feeling and good wearing comfort, and can manufacture fabric sensors of various shapes, which has the advantages of flexible and changeable shapes.

Description

A kind of fabric resistance sensor and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of application of new textile materials, in particular to a fabric resistance sensor and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

A sensor is a widely used detection device that can transform the sensed measured information (including physical information, chemical information, biological information, etc.) or other required forms of information) output to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control. In recent decades, the rapid development of modern measurement, control and automation technology has made people more and more aware of the importance of sensor technology. Especially in recent years, due to the needs of economic development, scientific and technological progress, and ecological environment protection, the important role of sensors in various fields has become increasingly prominent. At present, sensor technology is mainly used in almost all aspects of human production and life, such as industrial production automation, energy, transportation, disaster prediction, security defense, environmental protection, medical care and health. Sensors can not only replace human sensory functions to detect changes in information, but also The important thing is that sensors also play a very important role in the small information changes beyond the range of human sensory perception and the types of information that human senses cannot perceive.

Sensor technology is an application technology that uses various functional materials to realize information monitoring. It is an effective combination of sensing principles and material science. The sensing principle refers to the physical effect, chemical reaction and biological reaction mechanism on which the sensor works, and the material is the material basis for realizing the sensor technology. In a sense, the sensor can perceive various external signals to be measured. functional materials.

As a material with both information and current transmission functions, conductive fibers play an important role in the field of sensors. Compared with most commercial sensors, sensors made of conductive fiber aggregates (textile structure sensors) have obvious advantages, such as: low cost, light and breathable, soft and wearable, large deformation capacity, and easy recovery of deformation wait. At present, the research on textile structure sensors has made great progress, and has been successfully applied to human body function monitoring, smart clothing and other fields.

The current textile structure sensors mainly use metal conductive fibers such as copper wire and stainless steel wire as raw materials, which have disadvantages such as difficult spinning, poor weaving performance, hard fabric feel, and poor wearing comfort; the other part of the sensor is made of ordinary fibers. After the fabric, conduct conductive treatment, such as conductive polymer polypyrrole coating, vapor deposition, etc., to endow the fabric with conductive properties. This type of sensor lacks flexibility in structural design, such as it is difficult to achieve the interweaving of conductive yarns and ordinary yarns etc. It is difficult to design sensors with different requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a textile structure sensor and a fabric sensor preparation method, which can solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fabric resistance sensor and a preparation method thereof. By using polyaniline composite conductive yarns to weave into a fabric resistance sensor with a three-layer sandwich structure, it solves the above-mentioned difficulties in spinning, poor weaving performance, The fabric feels hard, and the wearing comfort is poor.

In the fabric resistance sensor provided by the present invention, the structure of the fabric resistance sensor is divided into three layers from top to bottom, which are respectively the first layer of fabric, the second layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric, and the second layer of fabric uses The yarn contains polyaniline composite conductive yarn.

Preferably, the polyaniline composite conductive yarn is a yarn containing conductive polyaniline on the surface, and the conductive polyaniline contained on the surface of the polyaniline composite conductive yarn is formed when the yarn surface absorbs aniline monomer and an oxidant , Doped acid is formed by oxidative polymerization on the surface of the yarn.

Preferably, the substrate used for the polyaniline composite conductive yarn is yarn pretreated by atmospheric pressure plasma.

Preferably, the yarns used in the first layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric are non-conductive yarns, and the first layer of fabric, the second layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric are all connected by sutures connect.

Preferably, the tensile deformation of the fabric resistance sensor is carried out in the longitudinal direction of the fabric resistance sensor.

Preferably, the fabric resistance sensor is planar, cylindrical, or three-dimensional.

The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned fabric resistance sensor, comprises the following steps:

Step 1: providing polyaniline composite conductive yarn, winding the polyaniline composite conductive yarn, and waxing.

Step 2: Provide a flat knitting machine, start with waste yarn, and then use waxed yarn to weave the second layer of fabric, the waxed yarn contains the polyaniline composite conductive yarn, The longitudinal edges of the second layer of fabric are secured with wire.

Step 3: providing the first yarn and the second yarn, using a flat knitting machine to weave the first yarn into the first layer of fabric and the second yarn into the second layer of fabric, using A seam stitches the longitudinal edge portions of the second layer of fabric to the first layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric.

Preferably, the waxed yarn in step 2 is a composite conductive yarn of spandex monofilament and the polyaniline.

Preferably, both the first yarn and the second yarn are insulating yarns.

Preferably, the flat knitting machine changes the longitudinal density of the fabric resistance sensor by adjusting the depth of the bending cam, and the flat knitting machine determines the width of the fabric resistance sensor by the number of needles involved in knitting.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the fabric resistance sensor provided by the present invention,

The structure of the fabric resistance sensor is divided into three layers from top to bottom, which are the first layer of fabric, the second layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric. The yarn used in the second layer of fabric contains polyaniline composite conductive yarn. The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned fabric resistance sensor, in which the yarn pretreated by atmospheric pressure plasma is used as the surface of the substrate to absorb aniline monomer and oxidant, and polyaniline formed by oxidative polymerization of doped acid on the surface of the yarn Composite conductive yarn, weaving the polyaniline composite conductive yarn into the second layer of fabric, weaving a fabric layer made of ordinary non-conductive yarn on the top and bottom of the second layer of fabric, this three-layer sandwich structure The fabric sensor has the advantages of soft hand feeling and good wearing comfort, and can manufacture fabric sensors of various shapes, such as flat, conical, and triangular shapes, and has the advantages of flexible and changeable shapes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fabric resistance sensor provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the strain-resistance sensing performance schematic diagram of the fabric resistance sensor of different longitudinal densities provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sensing repeatability of the 1# fabric resistance sensor provided by the present invention.

In the figure: 1-the first layer of fabric, 2-the second layer of fabric, 3-the third layer of fabric, 4-wire.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific implementations of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A fabric resistance sensor provided by the present invention, the structure of the fabric resistance sensor is divided into three layers from top to bottom, which are the first layer of fabric 1, the second layer of fabric 2 and the third layer of fabric 3, the second layer of fabric Layer fabric 2 contains polyaniline composite conductive yarns.

The preparation of the polyaniline composite conductive yarn has the following steps:

Yarn pretreatment: The yarn is pretreated with atmospheric pressure plasma to increase its surface roughness and surface adsorption performance, so as to improve the thickness and continuity of the polyaniline conductive layer and increase the conductivity of the yarn , and enhance the mechanical locking effect of the yarn on the polyaniline conductive layer, so that it is not easy to fall off from the fiber surface, and improve its processability and durability.

Conductive treatment of yarns: The pretreated yarns adsorb aniline monomers, oxidants, and doped acid solutions successively under continuous operation, so that aniline is doped and polymerized on the surface of the yarns to form conductive polyaniline, which endows the yarns with electrical conductivity performance.

Preferably, the second layer of fabric 2 can be woven entirely of polyaniline composite conductive yarns, or can be interwoven with polyaniline composite conductive yarns and ordinary yarns, such as using spandex monofilament and polyaniline composite conductive yarns to weave together , can improve the elastic elongation and recovery ability of the fabric.

Preferably, the yarns used in the first layer of fabric 1 and the third layer of fabric 3 are non-conductive yarns, that is, common yarns.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fabric resistance sensor. The polyaniline composite conductive yarn is used as a raw material, and the fabric is prepared by knitting. The fabric can be a planar structure or other structures, such as Cylindrical, three-dimensional shapes, etc., are drawn out with wires 4 at both ends of the fabric, and connected to the signal receiving and processing device. The specific steps are as follows:

Step 1: Yarn winding and waxing: the prepared polyaniline composite conductive yarn is wound into a bobbin and waxed to improve the smoothness of its weaving.

Step 2: Fabric weaving: The knitted fabric can produce a large amount of deformation under a small stress, and has good recovery performance. At the same time, within a certain deformation range, the deformation of the knitted fabric mainly comes from the change of its coil structure. To avoid deformation of the yarn itself, the fabric can be stretched many times without fatigue damage, so the knitted fabric is selected as the sensing unit. The knitted fabric is woven on a flat knitting machine, and the main part of the sensing unit is woven with polyaniline composite conductive yarn after starting with waste yarn. In order to improve the elastic elongation and recovery ability of the fabric, spandex monofilament and polyaniline composite conductive yarn are used to weave together. Flat knitting machines of different gauges can be used to weave fabrics with different transverse densities. The longitudinal density of fabrics can be changed by adjusting the depth of the bending triangle. The width of fabrics is determined by the number of needles involved in knitting. adjusted to prepare sensing units with different sensing properties.

Step 3: Preparation of the fabric resistance sensor: Please refer to Figure 1, the sensor adopts a three-layer sandwich structure, namely the first layer of fabric 1, the second layer of fabric 2 and the third layer of fabric 3, the second layer of fabric 2 is the poly A conductive fabric woven from aniline composite conductive yarns, the longitudinal edges of the second layer of fabric 2 are consolidated with wires 4, and the longitudinal edges of the second layer of fabric 2 are connected with the first layer of fabric 1 and the third layer of fabric 2 with sutures. The layer of fabric 3 is firmly stitched, and the stitching of the longitudinal edge should include the wire 4, so that the wire 4 is firmly combined with the second layer of fabric 2, so that it will not be easily pulled out during use. In order not to affect the tensile deformation of the three-layer fabric, other parts of the three-layer fabric are consolidated by point stitching. The tensile deformation of the fabric resistance sensor proceeds along the longitudinal direction of the fabric.

For ultra-high molecular weight polymer with a thickness specification of 400D/406F (where D is the thickness index of the yarn, the larger the D, the thicker and heavier the yarn, and F refers to the number of spinneret holes, the larger the F, the softer the yarn) The vinyl filament yarn was pretreated by plasma, followed by conductive treatment to prepare polyaniline composite conductive yarn, and the conductivity of the treated polyaniline composite conductive yarn was 0.9 S/cm.

The cylindrical weft flat knitted fabric is woven with a hand-operated flat knitting machine, and 24D spandex yarn and polyaniline composite conductive yarn are used to weave together. When knitting, the front and rear machine tools of the hand-operated flat knitting machine each have 30 needles, and the fabric has a total of 60 wales. Adjust the depth of the bending triangle so that the fabric longitudinal density is 36.3 rows/5cm, 37.8 rows/5cm, 42.0 rows/5cm and 44.4 rows. /5cm, consolidate with the both sides of the wire 4 and the second layer of fabric 2, and the effective length of the second layer of fabric 2 is 5cm. Use ordinary polyester knitted fabric and the second layer of fabric 2 to make 1# fabric resistance sensor, 2# fabric resistance sensor, 3# fabric resistance sensor and 4# fabric resistance sensor respectively, please refer to Figure 2, you can see from the figure It can be seen that the higher the longitudinal density of the fabric resistance sensor, the higher its strain-resistance.

Please refer to Figure 3. It can be seen from the figure that the strain resistance of the fabric resistance sensor can still maintain the original value after multiple stretches. Therefore, the fabric resistance sensor prepared by the invention has better sensing repeatability.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. If these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. a fabric resistance sensor, is characterized in that, the structure of described fabric resistance sensor is divided into three layers from top to bottom, is respectively first layer fabric, second layer fabric and third layer fabric, and described second layer The yarn used in the fabric contains polyaniline composite conductive yarn. 2. fabric resistance sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described polyaniline composite conductive yarn is the yarn that the surface contains the polyaniline of conductive state, and the conductive state contained in the surface of described polyaniline composite conductive yarn The polyaniline is formed when the surface of the yarn adsorbs aniline monomer and oxidant, and the doped acid oxidizes and polymerizes on the surface of the yarn. 3. The fabric resistance sensor according to claim 2, wherein the base material used in the polyaniline composite conductive yarn is a yarn pretreated by atmospheric pressure plasma. 4. fabric resistance sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the yarn that described first layer fabric and the third layer fabric use is non-conductive yarn, and described first layer fabric, described second layer Both the fabric and the third layer of fabric are connected by sutures. 5. The fabric resistance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tensile deformation of the fabric resistance sensor is carried out in the longitudinal direction of the fabric resistance sensor. 6. The fabric resistance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fabric resistance sensor is planar, cylindrical, or three-dimensional. 7. A method for preparing a fabric resistance sensor as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: Step 1: providing polyaniline composite conductive yarn, winding the polyaniline composite conductive yarn, and waxing. Step 2: Provide a flat knitting machine, start with waste yarn, and then use waxed yarn to weave the second layer of fabric, the waxed yarn contains the polyaniline composite conductive yarn, The longitudinal edges of the second layer of fabric are secured with wire. Step 3: providing the first yarn and the second yarn, using a flat knitting machine to weave the first yarn into the first layer of fabric and the second yarn into the second layer of fabric, using A seam stitches the longitudinal edge portions of the second layer of fabric to the first layer of fabric and the third layer of fabric. 8. The preparation method of the fabric resistance sensor as claimed in claim 7, wherein the waxed yarn described in step 2 is a composite conductive yarn of spandex monofilament and the polyaniline. 9. The preparation method of the fabric resistance sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, both the first yarn and the second yarn are insulating yarns. 10. The preparation method of fabric resistance sensor as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described flat knitting machine changes the longitudinal density of described fabric resistance sensor by adjusting the depth of bending triangle, and described flat knitting machine participates in knitting The number of stitches to determine the width of the fabric resistance sensor.