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CN104819485A - 生物质节能蒸气取暖炉灶 - Google Patents

生物质节能蒸气取暖炉灶 Download PDF

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CN104819485A
CN104819485A CN201410814715.0A CN201410814715A CN104819485A CN 104819485 A CN104819485 A CN 104819485A CN 201410814715 A CN201410814715 A CN 201410814715A CN 104819485 A CN104819485 A CN 104819485A
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CN104819485B (zh
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张学文
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Jiangxi Mingyuan Kitchenware Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
    • Y02A40/924—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation using renewable energies
    • Y02A40/928—Cooking stoves using biomass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种以生物质为主要燃料，通过与低位热值5000大卡以上的生物质点火柴(发明专利)点火混合燃烧产生蒸汽取暖，沐浴、烧开水、烤食品、与炉灶做饭为一体装置。实现了新农村寒冷地区家家户户有蒸气取暖，大大节省了燃料，降低了燃烧费用，燃烧效率90％以上，加快了蒸汽取暖、沐浴、烧开水做饭的时间，无烟无味，所产生的灰垢进入灰仓，又卫生、又方便，并且具有节能环保为一体的多功能实用型炉灶标准。

Description

生物质节能蒸气取暖炉灶
技术领域
本发明涉及一种节能环保多功能实用型炉灶，通过5000大卡以上的生物质点火柴(发明专利)点火加热汽化器的生物质燃料，使其生物质燃料迅速气化产生可燃烧性气体，直接在炉灶内燃烧器中燃烧产生热载体，通过热管技术改进换热和回收余热产生蒸汽，并且具有取暖、沐浴、烧开水、烤箱、炉灶为一体的装置。卫生便捷、无烟多功能，附合节能、环保、标准。开启了中国农村炉灶新革命。
背景技术
在发展中国农村民用炉灶是消耗生物质能的主要设备，在传统炉灶中温室气体和污染物排放因子都比较高，而主要原因是生物质燃料燃烧不充分，炉灶不节能，使用不卫生、不便捷，所以导致农村家庭环境无法改善。我们通过调研发现目前国内寒冷地区农村家庭环境无法改善。我们通过调研发现目前国内寒冷地区农村取暖烤火主要来自燃煤、煤含硫量超标不但对人体健康不好，而且污染物排放严重，SO2主要来自燃煤，NOX主要来自秸秆和薪柴的燃烧，TSP主要来自秸秆的燃烧；能源结构、能源利用方式与空气质量的关系十分密切。不同的采暖热源及采暖方式对大气环境的影响不同。我国是能源消费大国，并且各种能源分布地区差异明显，在农村生活能源结构中，煤炭、农作物秸秆和薪柴占80％以上。农民使用的生活用能源大多是热能较低的固体能源，如煤炭、生物质燃料等，其利用方式是在简陋的炉灶上直接燃烧，产生了大量的污染物对环境、人体健康造成了严重的损害。导致我国农村地区生态环境的状况不断趋于恶化，使农民的生存环境和生活质量受到严重的影响。
生物质燃料属于可再生资源，自然分布广，资源丰富，是一种可替代燃煤的廉价资源，随着煤炭资源的日益紧张，环境污染严重，可再生的生物 质燃料成了农村、学校、工厂生活、取暖的主要能源。但目前我国农村炉灶普遍存在传统燃烧方式，燃烧效率低下；有些地方虽然使用了节能炉灶普遍存在热效率不高，热浪费严重或结构不够合理的缺点。
发明内容
为了克服现有节能炉灶结构单一，用途单一，热效率不高，热浪费严重的技术不足，本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是设计一种方便、无烟、卫生，适合我国农村地区的做饭、烤食品、烧开水、沐浴、蒸汽取暖为一体的多功能炉灶。其主要技术设计方案是：采用高热值生物质点火柴点火燃烧将汽化器的生物质燃料热解成可燃气直接在炉灶燃烧器中燃烧，燃烧后的生物质点火柴还剩下19％以上的木炭，可以连续控温保障生物质燃料的气化温度。生物质燃料热解后产生的含碳细颗粒漏入灰仓再次燃烧，加热气仪器里面的燃料，循环利用不浪费能源，燃烧效率达到90％以上，基本可以燃尽。通过热管技术以改进换热和回收余热，热循环利用、不浪费能源。并可实现一天只加一次燃料就可以保障一家人一天的能源需求，即方便、有卫生、又无烟、又环保。
用途。适用于家庭、车间、办公室、别墅、学校、洗澡堂、做饭、烤肉、沐浴、开水、蒸气取暖。需要暖气功能使用的场所：养鸡场、养猪场、大棚花卉、蔬菜、蘑菇大棚等农产品、水产品。
附图说明：
图1是本发明的整体结构图
图2是本发明的反应器结构图
图3是本发明的燃烧器结构图。

Claims (5)

1.生物质节能蒸汽取暖炉灶，组成部份包括(1)燃烧器；(2)点火口；(3)气化风机通道；(4)一次进风口；(5)一次W火焰聚火罩；(6)二次进风口；(7)二次W火焰聚火罩；(8)进料口；(9)烤箱；(10)反应器；(11)气化器；(12)空气预热器；(13)焦油分离器；(14)生物质燃气直燃出口；(15)盘式温度计；(16)水位表；(17)进水口；(18)水箱；(19)冷水阀；(20)保温层；(21)热水管；(22)热开水阀；(23)蒸汽口；(24)厨柜；(25)烟囱；(26)推拉式炉桥；(27)抽屉式灰仓；(28)脚架轮。
2.根据权利要求1撰述的生物质节能蒸汽取暖炉灶组成部份，其特征在于热管技术以改进换热和回收余热。热管技术在热载体炉中再生蒸汽的应用。把包括布置在炉体内的烤箱、炉灶、炉体内的水箱，水箱上有进水口，水箱连接烟道旁侧通过热水管盘旋在燃烧器内，通过热载体产生蒸汽，自然在喷口喷出。利用炉膛火焰与炉膛壁、烟道余热产生热开水，形成蒸汽。
3.根据权利要求所述的生物质节能蒸气取暖炉灶组成部分，其特征在于多功能不但可以快速产生开水、蒸汽而且还具有做饭、烤箱功能。其特殊之处在于：通过燃烧器使用生物质点燃火将气化器的生物质燃料加热到约550℃。热解气在燃烧器中直接燃烧。燃烧后的生物质点火柴还剩下19％以上的木炭，可以连续控温保障生物质燃料的气化温度。生物质燃料热解后产生的含碳细颗粒漏入灰仓再次燃烧，加热气化器里面的燃料，循环利用不浪费能源。燃烧效率达到90％以上，基本可以燃尽。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生物质节能蒸汽取暖炉灶组成部分，其特征在于气化器与燃烧器用钢容器内衬耐火材料，燃料在流动的炙热气体及固体颗粒悬浮液中气化。燃料化合物在大气压以及约850℃的温度下转化为可燃气体。其中的粗颗粒、焦油、在气化器下游的旋风机中被分离到焦油分离器中，并再次循环到气化器中。产生的气体从该旋风机流向空气预热器，气化气在这里被预热约650℃，这些热气体在燃烧器中直接燃烧。通过焦油分离器进行二次气化燃烧减少了能源浪费与焦油污染。
5.根据权利要求所述的生物质节能蒸汽取暖灶组成部分，其特征在于(1)燃烧器中的上部设有W火焰聚火罩，其特征在于所述W火焰聚火罩分为聚火上炉罩(7)聚火下炉罩(5)相互分离的两部分。所述W火焰聚火上炉罩，聚火下炉罩分别为圆柱型中间形成W火焰口；W火焰聚火上炉罩为大口朝下的圆台型结构；聚火W火焰下炉罩为大口朝上的圆型结构。通过W火焰其特殊的火焰群分散到三个锅灶内形成三火合一，经过两次进风聚火燃烧更充分更清洁。
CN201410814715.0A 2014-12-09 2014-12-09 生物质节能蒸汽取暖炉灶 Active CN104819485B (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106123036A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-16 镇江市岗华多用炉灶有限公司 一种节能采暖炉灶设备

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CN201166395Y (zh) * 2007-12-14 2008-12-17 马伟吉 节能煤气采暖炉
CN202813468U (zh) * 2012-08-20 2013-03-20 葛耀 高效燃气灶具
CN203549916U (zh) * 2013-11-08 2014-04-16 中国人民解放军总后勤部建筑工程研究所 一种强排式炊事炉

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200949859Y (zh) * 2006-09-19 2007-09-19 高成东 新型节能炉灶
CN101319792A (zh) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-10 孙诚刚 多功能煤气灶具装置
CN201166395Y (zh) * 2007-12-14 2008-12-17 马伟吉 节能煤气采暖炉
CN202813468U (zh) * 2012-08-20 2013-03-20 葛耀 高效燃气灶具
CN203549916U (zh) * 2013-11-08 2014-04-16 中国人民解放军总后勤部建筑工程研究所 一种强排式炊事炉

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106123036A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-16 镇江市岗华多用炉灶有限公司 一种节能采暖炉灶设备

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