CN104819244B - Damp mounting frame for gear case based on hydraulic suspension - Google Patents
Damp mounting frame for gear case based on hydraulic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN104819244B CN104819244B CN201510203371.4A CN201510203371A CN104819244B CN 104819244 B CN104819244 B CN 104819244B CN 201510203371 A CN201510203371 A CN 201510203371A CN 104819244 B CN104819244 B CN 104819244B
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims 12
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于液压悬置的齿轮箱用减振安装架,旨在提供一种不仅能够对齿轮箱在低频区域的振动进行减振,并且还能够有效提高对齿轮箱在中高频区域的振动进行减振和隔离效果的齿轮箱用减振安装架。它包括底架,用于安装齿轮箱的顶架及若干设置在底架上用于支撑顶架的液压悬置,所述液压悬置包括上腔室及下腔室,所述液压悬置中至少有一对液压悬置之间设有互通式振动调谐装置,该互通式振动调谐装置包括第一调谐管道,设置在第一调谐管道上的浮动式第一自适应隔断装置,第二调谐管道及设置在第二调谐管道上的浮动第二式自适应隔断装置。
The invention discloses a vibration-damping installation frame for gearboxes based on hydraulic suspension, aiming to provide a vibration-damping mounting frame for gearboxes in the low-frequency region, and effectively improve the vibration of the gearbox in the middle and high-frequency regions. A vibration-damping mounting bracket for gear boxes that performs vibration-damping and isolation effects. It includes a bottom frame, a top frame for installing a gearbox, and several hydraulic mounts arranged on the bottom frame for supporting the top frame. The hydraulic mount includes an upper chamber and a lower chamber. An intercommunicating vibration tuning device is provided between at least one pair of hydraulic mounts, and the intercommunicating vibration tuning device includes a first tuning pipeline, a floating first adaptive partition device arranged on the first tuning pipeline, a second tuning pipeline and The floating second-type self-adaptive isolation device set on the second tuning pipeline.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种齿轮箱用减振安装架,具体涉及一种基于液压悬置的齿轮箱用减振安装架。The invention relates to a vibration-damping installation frame for a gear box, in particular to a vibration-damping mounting frame for a gear box based on hydraulic suspension.
背景技术Background technique
齿轮箱的振动及噪音产生主要是源于传动齿轮的摩擦、振动以及碰撞,如何有效降低齿轮箱振动及噪音,使其更符合环保要求是国内外一个重点研究课题。传统技术中用于支撑齿轮箱的减振元件一般是以橡胶为主体的减振元件,通过橡胶体的弹性和自身的滞后损失衰减振动能量。目前,随着技术的进步,各种减振元件被用于支撑齿轮箱以实现更好的减振、隔振效果;其中液压悬置是目前比较常见的一种减振元件。液压悬置常用结构是由上流道板、解耦片和下流道板把发动机悬置内部分为多个腔室,各腔体是通过流道板上的通道来实现互通。液压悬置通过液体在不同腔室之间流动的过程中产生较大的沿程能量损失,从而使振动能量尽快耗散, 达到衰减振动的目的;但目前的液压悬置的结构对于低频区域的振动能够起到有效的减振隔震效果,但对于中高频区域的振动来说,由于各腔室之间的流道内液体的惯性很大,液体几乎来不及流动,无法通过液体流动来有效的使振动能量消耗,因而其对于中高频区域的减振隔离震效果不佳。The vibration and noise of the gearbox are mainly caused by the friction, vibration and collision of the transmission gear. How to effectively reduce the vibration and noise of the gearbox and make it more in line with environmental protection requirements is a key research topic at home and abroad. The vibration damping element used to support the gearbox in the traditional technology is generally a rubber-based damping element, which attenuates vibration energy through the elasticity of the rubber body and its own hysteresis loss. At present, with the advancement of technology, various damping components are used to support the gearbox to achieve better vibration damping and vibration isolation effects; among them, hydraulic mounts are currently a relatively common vibration damping component. The common structure of the hydraulic mount is divided into multiple chambers inside the engine mount by the upper runner plate, the decoupling plate and the lower runner plate, and each chamber communicates with each other through the channels on the runner plate. The hydraulic mount produces a large energy loss along the way when the liquid flows between different chambers, so that the vibration energy can be dissipated as soon as possible to achieve the purpose of damping vibration; but the current structure of the hydraulic mount is not suitable for the low frequency region Vibration can effectively reduce vibration and shock isolation, but for the vibration in the medium and high frequency region, due to the large inertia of the liquid in the flow channel between the chambers, the liquid hardly has time to flow, and it cannot be effectively used by the liquid flow. Vibration energy consumption, so it is not good for vibration isolation in the middle and high frequency areas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种基于液压悬置的齿轮箱用减振安装架,其不仅能够对齿轮箱在低频区域的振动进行减振,并且还能够有效提高对齿轮箱在中高频区域的振动进行减振和隔离效果。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a vibration-damping installation frame for gearboxes based on hydraulic suspension, which can not only reduce the vibration of the gearbox in the low-frequency region, but also effectively improve the Damping and isolating the vibration of the gearbox in the medium and high frequency area.
本发明的技术方案是:Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种基于液压悬置的齿轮箱用减振安装架,包括底架,用于安装齿轮箱的顶架及若干设置在底架上用于支撑顶架的液压悬置,所述液压悬置包括上腔室及下腔室,所述液压悬置中至少有一对液压悬置之间设有互通式振动调谐装置,该互通式振动调谐装置包括第一调谐管道,设置在第一调谐管道上的浮动式第一自适应隔断装置,第二调谐管道及设置在第二调谐管道上的浮动第二式自适应隔断装置;所述浮动式第一自适应隔断装置包括设置在第一调谐管道内侧面上的两道环形凸块,设置在第一调谐管道内的导杆,两个套设在导杆上的导套,两个套设在导杆上的预紧压缩弹簧及两块设置在导杆上的隔断端板,浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的导杆沿第一调谐管道延伸,浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的两导套分别通过连接杆与第一调谐管道内壁相连,两道环形凸块位于两导套之间;两隔断端板相互平行,且隔断端板与导杆相垂直,两隔断位于两道环形凸块之间,两环形凸块上、朝向隔断端板的侧面上分别设有环形密封圈;两隔断端板位于两预紧压缩弹簧之间,且预紧压缩弹簧位于导套与隔断端板之间;所述浮动式第二自适应隔断装置包括设置在第二调谐管道内侧面上的两道环形凸块,设置在第二调谐管道内的导杆,两个套设在导杆上的导套,两个套设在导杆上的预紧压缩弹簧及两块设置在导杆上的隔断端板,浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的导杆沿第二调谐管道延伸,浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的两导套分别通过连接杆与第二调谐管道内壁相连,两道环形凸块位于两导套之间;两隔断端板相互平行,且隔断端板与导杆相垂直,两隔断位于两道环形凸块之间,两环形凸块上、朝向隔断端板的侧面上分别设有环形密封圈;所述两隔断端板位于两预紧压缩弹簧之间,且预紧压缩弹簧位于导套与隔断端板之间;所述第一调谐管道的一端口与一液压悬置的上腔室相连通,另一端口与另一液压悬置的下腔室相连通;所述第二调谐管道的一端口与一液压悬置的下腔室相连通,并且该液压悬置的上腔室与第一调谐管道的端口相连通,第二调谐管道的另一端口与另一液压悬置的上腔室相连通,并且该液压悬置的下腔室与第一调谐管道的端口相连通。A shock-absorbing mounting frame for a gear box based on a hydraulic mount, comprising a bottom frame, a top frame for installing a gearbox, and several hydraulic mounts arranged on the bottom frame for supporting the top frame, and the hydraulic mount includes In the upper chamber and the lower chamber, at least one pair of hydraulic mounts in the hydraulic mounts is provided with an intercommunicating vibration tuning device, the intercommunicating vibration tuning device includes a first tuning pipeline, and the A floating first adaptive isolation device, a second tuning pipeline and a floating second adaptive isolation device arranged on the second tuning pipeline; the floating first adaptive isolation device includes a Two ring-shaped bumps on the top, a guide rod set in the first tuning pipe, two guide sleeves set on the guide rod, two pre-tightened compression springs set on the guide rod and two pieces set on the guide rod The partition end plate on the rod, the guide rod of the floating first adaptive partition device extends along the first tuning pipe, and the two guide sleeves of the floating first adaptive partition device are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first tuning pipe through the connecting rod. A ring-shaped bump is located between the two guide sleeves; the two partition end plates are parallel to each other, and the partition end plate is perpendicular to the guide rod, and the two partitions are located between the two ring-shaped bumps. There are annular sealing rings on the sides; the two partition end plates are located between the two pre-tightened compression springs, and the pre-tightened compression springs are located between the guide sleeve and the partition end plate; the floating second self-adaptive partition device includes a Two ring-shaped protrusions on the inner side of the second tuning pipe, a guide rod arranged in the second tuning pipe, two guide sleeves sleeved on the guide rod, and two pre-tightened compression springs sleeved on the guide rod and two partition end plates arranged on the guide rod, the guide rod of the floating second self-adaptive partition device extends along the second tuning pipe, and the two guide sleeves of the floating second self-adaptive partition device are respectively connected to the second The inner wall of the tuning pipe is connected, and the two ring-shaped projections are located between the two guide sleeves; the two partition end plates are parallel to each other, and the partition end plates are perpendicular to the guide rod, and the two partitions are located between the two ring-shaped projections. 1. An annular sealing ring is respectively provided on the side facing the partition end plate; the two partition end plates are located between the two pre-tightened compression springs, and the pre-tightened compression spring is located between the guide sleeve and the partition end plate; the first tuning One port of the pipe communicates with the upper chamber of a hydraulic mount, and the other port communicates with the lower chamber of another hydraulic mount; one port of the second tuning pipe communicates with the lower chamber of a hydraulic mount and the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount communicates with the port of the first tuning pipe, the other port of the second tuning pipe communicates with the upper chamber of another hydraulic mount, and the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount The chamber communicates with the port of the first tuning conduit.
本方案的齿轮箱安装在顶架上方;在齿轮箱工作过程中,当齿轮箱处于低频振动区域时,通过液压悬置内的液体在上、下腔室之间流动,使低频振动能量尽快耗散,从而实现对齿轮箱在低频区域的振动进行减振的目的。The gear box of this scheme is installed above the top frame; during the working process of the gear box, when the gear box is in the low-frequency vibration area, the liquid in the hydraulic mount flows between the upper and lower chambers, so that the low-frequency vibration energy can be consumed as soon as possible Dispersion, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration of the gearbox in the low frequency region.
当齿轮箱处于中高频振动区域时,液压悬置内的液体几乎不流通,此时液压悬置通过解耦片的弹性变形特性来加快高频振动的衰减过程;更重要的是,经过试验得到由于互通式振动调谐装置的第一调谐管道及第二调谐管道连通了两个液压悬置内的腔室,因而可以通过第一调谐管道及第二调谐管道连通两个液压悬置内的液体,使两个液压悬置腔室内的一部分高频振动相互抵消,从而有效的提高对齿轮箱在中高频区域的振动进行减振和隔离效果。When the gearbox is in the medium-high frequency vibration region, the liquid in the hydraulic mount hardly circulates. At this time, the hydraulic mount accelerates the attenuation process of high-frequency vibration through the elastic deformation characteristics of the decoupling plate; more importantly, it is obtained through experiments Since the first tuning pipeline and the second tuning pipeline of the intercommunicating vibration tuning device communicate with the chambers in the two hydraulic mounts, the liquids in the two hydraulic mounts can be connected through the first tuning pipeline and the second tuning pipeline, Part of the high-frequency vibrations in the two hydraulic suspension chambers cancel each other, thereby effectively improving the vibration reduction and isolation effects of the gearbox in the middle and high frequency regions.
进一步的,由于液压悬置的下腔室内的振动经过衰减,因而同一液压悬置的上腔室与下腔室内的振动频率不同,存在一定的差异性;而本方案的第一调谐管道的一端口与一液压悬置的上腔室相连通,另一端口与另一液压悬置的下腔室相连通(即液压悬置的上腔室与另一液压悬置的下腔室相通);第二调谐管道的一端口与一液压悬置的下腔室相连通,另一端口与另一液压悬置的上腔室相连通(即液压悬置的上腔室与另一液压悬置的下腔室相通);这样可以利用上腔室与下腔室内振动频率的差异性,有效避免两个液压悬置腔室内的振动叠加,进一步增大两液压悬置腔室内的高频振动相互抵消部分,进一步提高对齿轮箱在中高频区域的减振效果。Further, since the vibration in the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount has been attenuated, the vibration frequencies of the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the same hydraulic mount are different, and there are certain differences; One port communicates with the upper chamber of one hydraulic mount, and the other port communicates with the lower chamber of another hydraulic mount (that is, the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount communicates with the lower chamber of another hydraulic mount); One port of the second tuning pipeline communicates with the lower chamber of a hydraulic mount, and the other port communicates with the upper chamber of another hydraulic mount (that is, the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount communicates with the upper chamber of another hydraulic mount In this way, the difference in vibration frequency between the upper chamber and the lower chamber can be used to effectively avoid the vibration superposition in the two hydraulic mount chambers, and further increase the high-frequency vibration in the two hydraulic mount chambers to cancel each other part, to further improve the vibration damping effect of the gearbox in the middle and high frequency region.
另一方面,虽然第一调谐管道及第二调谐管道连通了两个液压悬置内的腔室有利于提高对齿轮箱在中高频区域的减振效果,但在低频、大振幅激励时,有可能产生两液压悬置腔室内振动的叠加,而影响减振安装架的正常使用。例如,在低频振动过程中,一个液压悬置的腔室处于被压缩状态,另一液压悬置的腔室处于被拉伸状态时,这两液压悬置的腔室内就容易振动叠加。因而,为了避免在低频、大振幅激励时,产生两液压悬置腔室内振动的叠加,而影响减振安装架的正常使用;本方案在第一调谐管道上设置浮动式第一自适应隔断装置,在第二调谐管道上设置浮动式第二自适应隔断装置,来解决这一问题。在低频、大振幅激励过程中,当相互连通的两个液压悬置中的一个液压悬置的腔室处于被压缩状态,另一液压悬置的腔室处于被拉伸状态时;由于低频、大振幅激励过程中液压悬置内的液体流动量大,因而处于被压缩状态的液压悬置的腔室内的液体将往处于被拉伸状态的液压悬置的腔室内流动,当大量的液体流经第一调谐管道或第二调谐管道时,浮动式第一或浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的隔断端板将在流体带动下往环形凸块移动,并抵靠在环形密封圈上,从而隔断第一调谐管道或第二调谐管道,避免两液压悬置腔室内振动的叠加,保证减振安装架在低频、大振幅激励过程中的正常使用;而在高频振动区域时,液压悬置内的液体几乎不流通,因而不存在该问题。On the other hand, although the first tuning pipe and the second tuning pipe are connected to the chambers in the two hydraulic mounts, it is beneficial to improve the vibration damping effect on the gearbox in the middle and high frequency regions, but in the case of low frequency and large amplitude excitation, there are The superimposition of vibrations in the two hydraulic suspension chambers may occur, which affects the normal use of the vibration damping mounting frame. For example, during low-frequency vibration, when one hydraulic mount chamber is in a compressed state and the other hydraulic mount chamber is in a stretched state, the vibrations in the two hydraulic mount chambers are easy to superimpose. Therefore, in order to avoid the superimposition of vibrations in the two hydraulic suspension chambers during low-frequency and large-amplitude excitation, which will affect the normal use of the vibration-damping installation frame; this scheme sets a floating first adaptive partition device on the first tuning pipeline , set a floating second adaptive partition device on the second tuning pipeline to solve this problem. In the low-frequency, large-amplitude excitation process, when the chamber of one hydraulic mount is in a compressed state and the chamber of the other hydraulic mount is in a stretched state among the two hydraulic mounts that are connected to each other; due to the low frequency, During the large-amplitude excitation process, the liquid flow in the hydraulic mount is large, so the liquid in the chamber of the hydraulic mount in the compressed state will flow into the chamber of the hydraulic mount in the stretched state. When a large amount of liquid flows When passing through the first tuning pipeline or the second tuning pipeline, the partition end plate of the floating first or floating second self-adaptive partition device will move to the annular protrusion under the drive of the fluid, and abut against the annular sealing ring, thus Cut off the first tuning pipe or the second tuning pipe to avoid the superposition of vibration in the two hydraulic mount chambers, and ensure the normal use of the vibration damping mounting frame in the low-frequency and large-amplitude excitation process; in the high-frequency vibration area, the hydraulic mount The liquid inside hardly circulates, so this problem does not exist.
作为优选,液压悬置还包括自上而下依次分布的上流道板、解耦片、下流道板及皮碗,所述上腔室位于上流道板上方,下腔室位于下流道板与皮碗之间;所述第一调谐管道包括第一竖直长管道,第一竖直短管道及连接第一竖直长管道下端与第一竖直短管道下端的第一连接管道,所述第一竖直长管道的上端口自下而上穿过一液压悬置的皮碗、下流道板、解耦片及上流道板,并与该液压悬置的上腔室连通;所述第一竖直短管道的上端口自下而上穿过另一液压悬置的皮碗,并与该液压悬置的下腔室连通;所述第二调谐管道包括第二竖直长管道,第二竖直短管道及连接第二竖直长管道下端与第二竖直短管道下端的第二连接管道,所述第二竖直长管道插设在第一竖直短管道内,第二竖直长管道的上端口自下而上穿过液压悬置的皮碗、下流道板、解耦片及上流道板,并与该液压悬置的上腔室连通;所述第二竖直短管道套设在第一竖直长管道上,第二竖直短管道的上端口自下而上穿过另一液压悬置的皮碗,并与该液压悬置的下腔室连通。Preferably, the hydraulic mount also includes an upper channel plate, a decoupling plate, a lower channel plate and a leather cup distributed sequentially from top to bottom, the upper chamber is located above the upper channel plate, and the lower chamber is located between the lower channel plate and the leather cup. Between the bowls; the first tuning pipeline includes a first vertical long pipeline, a first vertical short pipeline and a first connecting pipeline connecting the lower end of the first vertical long pipeline and the lower end of the first vertical short pipeline, the first vertical pipeline The upper port of a vertical long pipeline passes through a hydraulic mount cup, lower runner plate, decoupling sheet and upper runner plate from bottom to top, and communicates with the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount; the first The upper port of the vertical short pipe passes through the cup of another hydraulic mount from bottom to top, and communicates with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount; the second tuning pipe includes a second vertical long pipe, the second The vertical short pipe and the second connecting pipe connecting the lower end of the second vertical long pipe and the lower end of the second vertical short pipe, the second vertical long pipe is inserted in the first vertical short pipe, the second vertical The upper port of the long pipe passes through the cup, the lower runner plate, the decoupling plate and the upper runner plate of the hydraulic mount from bottom to top, and communicates with the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount; the second vertical short pipe Sleeved on the first vertical long pipe, the upper port of the second vertical short pipe passes through the cup of another hydraulic mount from bottom to top, and communicates with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount.
本方案结构中第二竖直长管道插设在第一竖直短管道内,第二竖直短管道套设在第一竖直长管道上,并且第一竖直短管道,第一竖直长管道,第二竖直长管道及第二竖直短管道均通过上端口与液压悬置的上、下腔室连通,因而只需要在液压悬置底部开设一个通孔,即可实现两液压悬置腔体之间的连通;同时不会改变液压悬置现有的安装方式,并有效的减小对液压悬置结构的变更设计,降低成本。In the structure of this scheme, the second vertical long pipeline is inserted in the first vertical short pipeline, the second vertical short pipeline is sleeved on the first vertical long pipeline, and the first vertical short pipeline, the first vertical The long pipe, the second vertical long pipe and the second vertical short pipe all communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic mount through the upper port, so only one through hole needs to be opened at the bottom of the hydraulic mount to realize the two hydraulic pressures. The communication between the mount cavities; at the same time, the existing installation method of the hydraulic mount will not be changed, and the change design of the hydraulic mount structure will be effectively reduced, reducing costs.
作为优选,第一竖直长管道内侧面上、位于皮碗与下流道板之间设有与液压悬置的下腔室连通的第一直连通孔;第二竖直长管道内侧面上、位于皮碗与下流道板之间设有与液压悬置的下腔室连通的第二直连通孔。As a preference, on the inner side of the first vertical long pipeline, between the cup and the lower runner plate, a first straight communication hole communicating with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount is provided; on the inner side of the second vertical long pipeline, A second straight communication hole communicating with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount is provided between the cup and the lower runner plate.
由于第一直连通孔连通了液压悬置的上、下腔室,第二直连通孔连通了另一液压悬置的上、下腔室;当齿轮箱处在中频振动过程中时(上、下腔室之间的液体的流动量较小),由于直连通孔流道长度小,此时,液压悬置的上、下腔室内的液体可以直接通过第一或第二直连通孔连通实现流通,从而进一步提高中频振动过程中的减振效果。Since the first straight communication hole communicates with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic mount, the second direct communication hole communicates with the upper and lower chambers of another hydraulic mount; when the gearbox is in the process of medium frequency vibration (upper, The flow of liquid between the lower chambers is small), because the length of the direct communication hole is small, at this time, the liquid in the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic mount can be directly connected through the first or second direct communication hole circulation, thereby further improving the vibration damping effect during the medium frequency vibration process.
作为优选,浮动式第一自适应隔断装置设置在第一连接管道的中部,浮动式第二自适应隔断装置设置在第二连接管道的中部。Preferably, the floating first adaptive isolation device is arranged in the middle of the first connecting pipeline, and the floating second adaptive isolation device is arranged in the middle of the second connecting pipeline.
作为优选,导杆上、位于两隔断端板之间设有若干等距分布的流阻推板,且流阻推板与隔断端板相平行。Preferably, a plurality of flow resistance push plates are arranged on the guide rod between the two partition end plates, and the flow resistance push plates are parallel to the partition end plates.
在低频、大振幅激励过程中,当大量的液体流经第一调谐管道或第二调谐管道时,流体将推动流阻推板移动,从而有利于配合隔断端板往环形凸块移动,并抵靠在环形密封圈上,进而隔断第一调谐管道或第二调谐管道,避免两液压悬置腔室内振动的叠加。During low-frequency and large-amplitude excitation, when a large amount of liquid flows through the first tuning pipe or the second tuning pipe, the fluid will push the flow resistance push plate to move, which is beneficial to cooperate with the partition end plate to move toward the annular protrusion and resist Leaning against the annular sealing ring, the first tuning pipeline or the second tuning pipeline is further isolated, so as to avoid the superposition of vibrations in the two hydraulic suspension chambers.
作为优选,第一调谐管道为圆管,所述隔断端板呈圆形,且浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的隔断端板的中心与第一调谐管道的中心重合,该隔断端板外径小于两环形凸块之间的第一调谐管道的内径,且该隔断端板的外径大于第一调谐管道内的环形密封圈的外径。Preferably, the first tuning pipe is a round pipe, the partition end plate is circular, and the center of the partition end plate of the floating first adaptive partition device coincides with the center of the first tuning pipe, and the outer diameter of the partition end plate is It is smaller than the inner diameter of the first tuning pipe between the two annular projections, and the outer diameter of the partition end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the annular sealing ring in the first tuning pipe.
作为优选,第二调谐管道为圆管,所述隔断端板呈圆形,且浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的隔断端板的中心与第二调谐管道的中心重合,该隔断端板外径小于两环形凸块之间的第二调谐管道的内径,且该隔断端板的外径大于第二调谐管道内的环形密封圈的外径。Preferably, the second tuning pipe is a round pipe, the partition end plate is circular, and the center of the partition end plate of the floating second adaptive partition device coincides with the center of the second tuning pipe, and the outer diameter of the partition end plate is It is smaller than the inner diameter of the second tuning pipe between the two annular protrusions, and the outer diameter of the partition end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the annular sealing ring in the second tuning pipe.
作为优选,环形密封圈为Y型密封圈。Preferably, the annular sealing ring is a Y-shaped sealing ring.
作为优选,液压悬置还包括底座,橡胶主簧及与橡胶主簧连为一体的金属骨架,金属骨架位于底座上方,所述底座通过螺栓与底架相连接,所述金属安装骨架通过螺栓与顶架相连接。Preferably, the hydraulic mount also includes a base, a rubber main spring and a metal skeleton integrated with the rubber main spring, the metal skeleton is located above the base, the base is connected to the chassis through bolts, and the metal installation skeleton is connected to The top shelf is connected.
本发明的有益效果是:不仅能够对齿轮箱在低频区域的振动进行减振,并且还能够有效提高对齿轮箱在中高频区域的振动进行减振和隔离效果。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that not only the vibration of the gearbox in the low-frequency region can be damped, but also the effect of damping and isolating the vibration of the gear box in the middle and high-frequency region can be effectively improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的一种基于液压悬置的齿轮箱用减振安装架的一种结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a shock-absorbing installation frame for a gear box based on hydraulic suspension according to the present invention.
图2是本发明的浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的一种剖面结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the floating first adaptive isolation device of the present invention.
图中:底架1,顶架2,前液压悬置3a,右前液压悬置3b、底座31、皮碗32、下腔室33、下流道板34、解耦片35、上流道板36、上腔室37、橡胶主簧38、金属骨架39,第一调谐管道4、第一竖直长管道41、第一连接管道42、第一竖直短管道43,第二调谐管道5、第二竖直长管道51、第二连接管道52、第二竖直短管道53,第一自适应隔断装置6a、流阻推板61、导杆62、隔断端板63、环形密封圈64、环形凸块65、预紧压缩弹簧66、导套67,第二自适应隔断装置6b。In the figure: underframe 1, top frame 2, front hydraulic mount 3a, right front hydraulic mount 3b, base 31, cup 32, lower chamber 33, lower runner plate 34, decoupling plate 35, upper runner plate 36, Upper chamber 37, rubber main spring 38, metal skeleton 39, the first tuning pipe 4, the first vertical long pipe 41, the first connecting pipe 42, the first vertical short pipe 43, the second tuning pipe 5, the second Vertical long pipe 51, second connecting pipe 52, second vertical short pipe 53, first adaptive partition device 6a, flow resistance push plate 61, guide rod 62, partition end plate 63, annular sealing ring 64, annular convex Block 65, pre-tightened compression spring 66, guide sleeve 67, second self-adaptive blocking device 6b.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
如图1所示,一种基于液压悬置的齿轮箱用减振安装架包括底架1,用于安装齿轮箱的顶架2及若干设置在底架上用于支撑顶架的液压悬置。本实施例中的液压悬置包括左前液压悬置3a、右前液压悬置3b、左后液压悬置及右后液压悬置。左前、右前、左后及右后四个液压悬置位于底架与顶架之间。底架呈方形。左前、右前、左后及右后四个液压悬置分布在底架的四个顶角处。本实施例中的液压悬置为现有技术。各液压悬置分别包括底座31,橡胶主簧38,与橡胶主簧连为一体的金属骨架39,上腔室37,下腔室33,自上而下依次分布的上流道板36、解耦片35、下流道板34及皮碗32。上腔室位于上流道板上方。下腔室位于下流道板与皮碗之间。底座通过螺栓与底架相连接。金属骨架位于底座上方。金属安装骨架通过螺栓与顶架相连接。As shown in Figure 1, a vibration-damping installation frame for gearboxes based on hydraulic suspension includes a bottom frame 1, a top frame 2 for installing the gearbox, and several hydraulic mounts arranged on the bottom frame for supporting the top frame. . The hydraulic mounts in this embodiment include a left front hydraulic mount 3a, a right front hydraulic mount 3b, a left rear hydraulic mount and a right rear hydraulic mount. The left front, right front, left rear and right rear four hydraulic suspensions are located between the bottom frame and the top frame. The base frame is square. The left front, right front, left rear and right rear four hydraulic mounts are distributed at the four top corners of the chassis. The hydraulic mount in this embodiment is prior art. Each hydraulic mount includes a base 31, a rubber main spring 38, a metal skeleton 39 connected with the rubber main spring, an upper chamber 37, a lower chamber 33, an upper channel plate 36 distributed sequentially from top to bottom, and a decoupling Sheet 35, lower runner plate 34 and leather cup 32. The upper chamber is located above the upper channel plate. The lower chamber is located between the lower runner plate and the cup. The base is connected with the chassis by bolts. A metal skeleton sits above the base. The metal mounting frame is connected to the top frame by bolts.
四个液压悬置中有一对液压悬置之间设有互通式振动调谐装置,具体说是,左前与右前液压悬置之间设有互通式振动调谐装置。该互通式振动调谐装置包括第一调谐管道4,设置在第一调谐管道上的浮动式第一自适应隔断装置6a,第二调谐管道5及设置在第二调谐管道上的浮动式第二自适应隔断装置6b。第一调谐管道及第二调谐管道为圆管。第一调谐管道,第二调谐管道及各液压悬置的上腔室与下腔室内部充满液体,且该液体为乙二醇。Among the four hydraulic mounts, a pair of hydraulic mounts is provided with an intercommunicating vibration tuning device, specifically, an intercommunicating vibration tuning device is provided between the left front and right front hydraulic mounts. The intercommunicating vibration tuning device includes a first tuning pipeline 4, a floating first self-adaptive isolation device 6a arranged on the first tuning pipeline, a second tuning pipeline 5 and a floating second self-adaptive isolation device arranged on the second tuning pipeline. Adapt to partition 6b. The first tuning channel and the second tuning channel are circular tubes. The interior of the first tuning pipeline, the second tuning pipeline and the upper chamber and the lower chamber of each hydraulic mount are filled with liquid, and the liquid is ethylene glycol.
第一调谐管道包括第一竖直长管道41,第一竖直短管道43及连接第一竖直长管道下端与第一竖直短管道下端的第一连接管道42。第一调谐管道的一端口与一液压悬置(即左前液压悬置)的上腔室相连通,另一端口与另一液压悬置(即右前液压悬置)的下腔室相连通,具体说是,第一竖直长管道的上端口自下而上穿过一液压悬置(即左前液压悬置)的皮碗、下流道板、解耦片及上流道板,并与该液压悬置的上腔室连通;第一竖直短管道的上端口自下而上穿过另一液压悬置(即右前液压悬置)的皮碗,并与该液压悬置的下腔室连通。第一竖直长管道与解耦片密封连接。第一竖直短管道与皮碗密封连接。The first tuning pipeline includes a first vertical long pipeline 41 , a first vertical short pipeline 43 and a first connecting pipeline 42 connecting the lower end of the first vertical long pipeline and the first vertical short pipeline. One port of the first tuning pipe communicates with the upper chamber of one hydraulic mount (i.e., the left front hydraulic mount), and the other port communicates with the lower chamber of the other hydraulic mount (i.e., the right front hydraulic mount). That is to say, the upper port of the first vertical long pipeline passes through the cup, the lower runner plate, the decoupling plate and the upper runner plate of a hydraulic mount (ie, the left front hydraulic mount) from bottom to top, and connects with the hydraulic mount The upper chamber of the first vertical short pipe passes through the cup of another hydraulic mount (that is, the right front hydraulic mount) from bottom to top, and communicates with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount. The first vertical long pipeline is in sealing connection with the decoupling sheet. The first vertical short pipe is sealingly connected with the cup.
第二调谐管道包括第二竖直长管道51,第二竖直短管道53及连接第二竖直长管道下端与第二竖直短管道下端的第二连接管道52。第二竖直长管道插设在第一竖直短管道内。第二竖直短管道套设在第一竖直长管道上。第二调谐管道的一端口与一液压悬置(即左前液压悬置)的下腔室相连通,并且该液压悬置的上腔室与第一调谐管道的端口相连通;第二调谐管道的另一端口与另一液压悬置(即右前液压悬置)的上腔室相连通,并且该液压悬置的下腔室与第一调谐管道的端口相连通;具体说是,第二竖直长管道的上端口自下而上穿过液压悬置(即右前液压悬置)的皮碗、下流道板、解耦片及上流道板,并与该液压悬置的上腔室连通。第二竖直短管道的上端口自下而上穿过另一液压悬置(即左前液压悬置)的皮碗,并与该液压悬置的下腔室连通。第二竖直长管道与第一竖直短管道设于同一液压悬置上。第二竖直短管道与第一竖直长管道设于同一液压悬置上。第二竖直长管道与解耦片密封连接。第二竖直短管道与皮碗密封连接。The second tuning pipeline includes a second vertical long pipeline 51 , a second vertical short pipeline 53 and a second connecting pipeline 52 connecting the lower end of the second vertical long pipeline and the second vertical short pipeline. The second vertically long pipe is inserted in the first vertically short pipe. The second vertical short pipe is sleeved on the first vertical long pipe. A port of the second tuning pipe communicates with the lower chamber of a hydraulic mount (that is, the left front hydraulic mount), and the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount communicates with the port of the first tuning pipe; the second tuning pipe The other port communicates with the upper chamber of the other hydromount (i.e., the right front hydromount), and the lower chamber of this hydromount communicates with the port of the first tuning pipe; specifically, the second vertical The upper port of the long pipe passes through the cup, the lower runner plate, the decoupling plate and the upper runner plate of the hydraulic mount (that is, the right front hydraulic mount) from bottom to top, and communicates with the upper chamber of the hydraulic mount. The upper port of the second vertical short pipe passes through the cup of another hydraulic mount (ie, the left front hydraulic mount) from bottom to top, and communicates with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount. The second vertical long pipeline and the first vertical short pipeline are arranged on the same hydraulic mount. The second vertical short pipeline and the first vertical long pipeline are arranged on the same hydraulic mount. The second vertical long pipeline is sealed and connected with the decoupling sheet. The second vertical short pipe is sealingly connected with the cup.
第一竖直长管道内侧面上、位于皮碗与下流道板之间设有与液压悬置的下腔室连通的第一直连通孔。第二竖直长管道内侧面上、位于皮碗与下流道板之间设有与液压悬置的下腔室连通的第二直连通孔。A first direct communication hole communicating with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount is provided on the inner side of the first vertical long pipeline between the cup and the lower runner plate. A second straight communication hole communicating with the lower chamber of the hydraulic mount is provided on the inner side of the second vertical long pipeline between the cup and the lower runner plate.
如图1、图2所示,浮动式第一自适应隔断装置设置在第一连接管道的中部。浮动式第一自适应隔断装置包括设置在第一连接管道内侧面上的两道环形凸块65,设置在第一连接管道内的导杆62,两个套设在导杆上的导套67,两个套设在导杆上的预紧压缩弹簧66及两块设置在导杆上的隔断端板63。浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的导杆沿第一连接管道延伸,且该导杆与第一连接管道同轴设置。浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的两导套分别通过连接杆与第一调谐管道内壁相连。两道环形凸块位于两导套之间。两隔断端板相互平行,且隔断端板与导杆相垂直。两隔断位于两道环形凸块之间。两隔断端板位于两预紧压缩弹簧之间,且预紧压缩弹簧位于导套与隔断端板之间。隔断端板呈圆形,且浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的隔断端板的中心与第一调谐管道的中心重合。两环形凸块上、朝向隔断端板的侧面上分别设有环形密封圈64。环形密封圈环绕设置在环形凸块上。环形密封圈为Y型密封圈。浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的隔断端板外径小于两环形凸块之间的第一调谐管道的内径,且该隔断端板的外径大于第一调谐管道内的环形密封圈的外径。浮动式第一自适应隔断装置的导杆上、位于两隔断端板之间设有若干等距分布的流阻推板61,且流阻推板与隔断端板相平行。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the floating first adaptive partition device is arranged in the middle of the first connecting pipeline. The floating first adaptive partition device includes two ring-shaped projections 65 arranged on the inner side of the first connecting pipe, a guide rod 62 arranged in the first connecting pipe, and two guide sleeves 67 sleeved on the guide rod , two pre-tightened compression springs 66 sleeved on the guide rod and two partition end plates 63 arranged on the guide rod. The guide rod of the floating first adaptive partition device extends along the first connecting pipe, and the guide rod is arranged coaxially with the first connecting pipe. The two guide sleeves of the floating first self-adaptive partition device are respectively connected with the inner wall of the first tuning pipeline through connecting rods. Two ring-shaped bumps are located between the two guide sleeves. The two partition end plates are parallel to each other, and the partition end plates are perpendicular to the guide rod. The two partitions are located between the two annular protrusions. The two partition end plates are located between the two pre-tightened compression springs, and the pre-tightened compression springs are located between the guide sleeve and the partition end plates. The partition end plate is circular, and the center of the partition end plate of the floating first adaptive partition device coincides with the center of the first tuning pipe. Annular sealing rings 64 are respectively provided on the two annular protrusions and on the side facing the partition end plate. The annular sealing ring is arranged around the annular protrusion. The annular sealing ring is a Y-shaped sealing ring. The outer diameter of the partition end plate of the floating first adaptive partition device is smaller than the inner diameter of the first tuning pipe between the two annular protrusions, and the outer diameter of the partition end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the annular sealing ring in the first tuning pipe . On the guide rod of the floating first self-adaptive partition device, there are several flow resistance push plates 61 distributed equidistantly between the two partition end plates, and the flow resistance push plates are parallel to the partition end plates.
浮动式第二自适应隔断装置设置在第二连接管道的中部。浮动式第二自适应隔断装置包括设置在第二连接管道内侧面上的两道环形凸块,设置在第二连接管道内的导杆,两个套设在导杆上的导套,两个套设在导杆上的预紧压缩弹簧及两块设置在导杆上的隔断端板。浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的导杆沿第二连接管道延伸,且该导杆与第二连接管道同轴设置。浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的两导套分别通过连接杆与第二调谐管道内壁相连。两道环形凸块位于两导套之间。两隔断端板相互平行,且隔断端板与导杆相垂直。两隔断位于两道环形凸块之间。两隔断端板位于两预紧压缩弹簧之间,且预紧压缩弹簧位于导套与隔断端板之间。隔断端板呈圆形,且浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的隔断端板的中心与第二调谐管道的中心重合。两环形凸块上、朝向隔断端板的侧面上分别设有环形密封圈。环形密封圈环绕设置在环形凸块上。环形密封圈为Y型密封圈。浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的隔断端板外径小于两环形凸块之间的第二调谐管道的内径,且该隔断端板的外径大于第二调谐管道内的环形密封圈的外径。浮动式第二自适应隔断装置的导杆上、位于两隔断端板之间设有若干等距分布的流阻推板,且流阻推板与隔断端板相平行。The floating second adaptive partition device is arranged in the middle of the second connecting pipeline. The floating second self-adaptive partition device includes two ring-shaped protrusions arranged on the inner surface of the second connecting pipe, a guide rod arranged in the second connecting pipe, two guide sleeves sleeved on the guide rod, two A pre-tightened compression spring sleeved on the guide rod and two partition end plates arranged on the guide rod. The guide rod of the floating second adaptive partition device extends along the second connecting pipe, and the guide rod is arranged coaxially with the second connecting pipe. The two guide sleeves of the floating second self-adaptive partition device are respectively connected with the inner wall of the second tuning pipeline through connecting rods. Two ring-shaped bumps are located between the two guide sleeves. The two partition end plates are parallel to each other, and the partition end plates are perpendicular to the guide rod. The two partitions are located between the two annular protrusions. The two partition end plates are located between the two pre-tightened compression springs, and the pre-tightened compression springs are located between the guide sleeve and the partition end plates. The partition end plate is circular, and the center of the partition end plate of the floating second adaptive partition device coincides with the center of the second tuning pipe. Annular sealing rings are respectively provided on the two annular protrusions and on the side facing the partition end plate. The annular sealing ring is arranged around the annular protrusion. The annular sealing ring is a Y-shaped sealing ring. The outer diameter of the partition end plate of the floating second adaptive partition device is smaller than the inner diameter of the second tuning pipe between the two annular protrusions, and the outer diameter of the partition end plate is larger than the outer diameter of the annular sealing ring in the second tuning pipe . On the guide rod of the floating second self-adaptive partition device, there are several flow resistance push plates distributed equidistantly between the two partition end plates, and the flow resistance push plates are parallel to the partition end plates.
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