CN104816624B - A kind of mixed power automobile driving system and driving method - Google Patents
A kind of mixed power automobile driving system and driving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104816624B CN104816624B CN201510203448.8A CN201510203448A CN104816624B CN 104816624 B CN104816624 B CN 104816624B CN 201510203448 A CN201510203448 A CN 201510203448A CN 104816624 B CN104816624 B CN 104816624B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of mixed power automobile driving system and driving method, including：Engine, one-way clutch, motor, clutch, brake, speed changer and epicyclic train, engine connects sun gear, one-way clutch inner ring connects sun gear, brake connects sun gear, planet carrier connects speed changer, one end connection planet carrier of clutch, other end connection gear ring, the rotor of motor is connected to gear ring, and stator is fixed on housing.The present invention connects engine and speed changer using epicyclic train, motor, brake, one-way clutch with the dynamic coupling device that clutch is formed, by the working status for controlling clutch and brake, hybrid vehicle is set to run on a variety of power drive operating modes, solves the arrangement difficulty of forerunner's prefix type hybrid electric vehicle power, meet vehicle performance requirements, it can realize smooth starting engine during travelling, have the advantages that efficient, cost is low, size is small, good dynamic property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hybrid vehicle to drive transmission field, more particularly relates to a kind of driving of hybrid vehicle
System and driving method, especially single planetary gear, single motor hybrid vehicle drive system and driving method.
Background technology
Energy crisis, environment are severe and greenhouse effects are an important factor for restricting global evolution, to study the new of energy-saving and environmental protection
Energy automobile is one of effective means to solve the above problems.Hybrid vehicle has taken into account the excellent of internal combustion engine and pure electric automobile
Point, has the advantages that low oil consumption, low emission and long distance travelled, is a kind of current practicable scheme.Hybrid vehicle
Drive system mainly have three kinds of series, parallel, series-parallel connection modes in structure.Cascaded structure is characterized in engine mechanically
Decoupled with power train, engine direct drive generator is powered energy storage device or driving motor, the shortcomings that cascaded structure
It is that system effectiveness is low, dual motors system causes integral vehicle cost height；Hybrid connected structure is characterized in that the power of engine can be realized point
The shortcomings that stream, a part are used for vehicle and drive, and a part is used to drive electrical power generators, combined hybrid system is that dual motors system causes
Integral vehicle cost is high, and system control is complicated.The drive system species of hybrid vehicle is more at present, can realize that mixing is dynamic substantially
The various functions that power automobile possesses.Such as Publication No.：CN101417606A Chinese patent " hybrid electric drive system and
Its driving method ", describes a kind of series parallel type drive system and function that vehicle can be realized, and the system is using double electricity
Machine, by the dynamic branch of engine, realizes vehicle generating function under all operating modes；For another example Publication No.：CN
The Chinese patent " being used to control the system and method that clutch combines in motor vehicle driven by mixed power " of 101456347A, introduces one kind simultaneously
Connection formula hybrid electric drive system, the system are also to use bi-motor, and car can be realized with the generator of engine and axis connection
These existing mixed power automobile driving systems of generating function, etc. are all based on bi-motor operation under all operating modes
, it is required for realizing generating function by extra generator, the use of bi-motor not only considerably increases hybrid power drive
The holistic cost of dynamic system, and system bulk, complexity structure arrangement are added, the serious hybrid power that limits is small-sized
Application in vehicle.
The content of the invention
The present invention is based on above-mentioned prior art problem, and a kind of transmission efficiency of proposition, the cost of innovation are low, drive system axis
To the small single planetary gear of size, the mixed power automobile driving system and its driving method of single motor, hair is set by innovating
Power coupling transfer device and motor between motivation and speed changer, efficiently solve the dynamic of preposition forerunner's type hybrid vehicle
Power arrangement difficulty, realizes the distinctive functional requirement of hybrid vehicle, including：Idling start and stop engine, pure motor driving, OK
Sail middle engine start and stop, engine and motor parallel driving, motor assist driving, motor cruise power generation, regenerating braking energy time
The functions such as receipts, while meet vehicle performance requirements.The present invention is especially suitable for plug-in hybrid-power automobile and it is non-insert
Electric-type hybrid vehicle.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the technical solution that above-mentioned technical problem is taken：
A kind of mixed power automobile driving system, including：Engine 1, motor 5, clutch 6, brake 7, speed changer 8,
Gear ring 9, planet carrier 10, sun gear 11, planetary gear 12 and housing；The axis of the shaft connection sun gear 11 of the engine (1)；
The axis of one end connection sun gear 11 of the brake 7, other end connection housing, for locking engine rotation；It is described too
Sun wheel 11 is engaged in the planetary gear 12, and the planetary gear 12 is engaged in the gear ring 9, and the planet carrier 10 connects the planet
Wheel 12, forms epicyclic train, the planet carrier 10 is connected by the gear ring 9, planet carrier 10, sun gear 11 and planetary gear (12)
The shaft of speed changer 8, one end of the clutch 6 connect the planet carrier 10, and the other end of the clutch 6 connects the tooth
Circle 9, the motor 5 has power generation and electric functions and includes stator and rotor at the same time, described in the rotor connection of the motor 5
Gear ring 9, the stator of the motor 5 are fixed on housing.
Further mixed power automobile driving system according to the present invention, wherein the clutch 6 is more for wet type
Slice clutch, and the clutch 6 can lock the epicyclic train, i.e., when the clutch 6 is in discrete state, institute
State planet carrier 10 and gear ring 9 separates, when the clutch 6 is in bonding state, the planet carrier 10 and gear ring 9 combine, institute
State epicyclic train and lock together carry out unitary rotation.
Further mixed power automobile driving system according to the present invention, wherein vibration reduction fly wheel 2 has been further included, institute
The shaft for stating engine (1) connects the primary of the vibration reduction fly wheel 2, and the secondary of the vibration reduction fly wheel 2 connects the sun gear 11
Axis, pass through the vibration reduction fly wheel 2 decay engine export dither.
Further mixed power automobile driving system according to the present invention, wherein the epicyclic train is single
Planetary gear structure, the motor are single electric machine structure.
Further mixed power automobile driving system according to the present invention, wherein one-way clutch 4 has been further included,
The axis of the inner ring connection sun gear 11 of the one-way clutch, the outer end connection housing of the one-way clutch, for ensuring
Engine is nonreversible and pattern switching is steady.
A kind of hybrid vehicle driving side carried out using any of the above-described mixed power automobile driving system of the present invention
Method, the driving method include controlling the mixed power automobile driving system to be in one of following operating mode：
（One）, pure electric vehicle drive pattern：Control the clutch 6 to be in discrete state, control the brake 7 to be in system
Dynamic closure state；
（Two）, parallel drive pattern：Control the brake 7 to be in discrete state, control the clutch 6 to be in closure
State, by the clutch locks epicyclic train, will the sun gear, planetary gear, planet carrier and gear ring be locked in one
Rise；
（Three）, differential drive pattern：Control clutch 6 is in discrete state, and control brake 7 is in discrete state.
Further hybrid vehicle driving method according to the present invention, wherein the driving method further includes control
Make the mixed power automobile driving system and be in one of following work-mode switching process：
（One）, pure electric vehicle drive pattern switch to parallel drive pattern：Switching front engine 1 is static, brake 7 closes,
Clutch 6 separates, motor 5 rotates forward, and control brake 7 separates during switching, and control clutch 6, which closes, locks epicyclic train
It is fixed, and engine rotation and oil spout igniting are dragged by sun gear, into parallel drive pattern；
（Two）, differential drive pattern switch to pure electric vehicle drive pattern：Switching front brake 7 separates, and clutch 6 separates,
Engine 1 works and rotates forward, motor forward or reverse；Closing engine 1 during switching, 7 closed-lock engine of control brake,
Motor speed increase enters pure electric vehicle drive pattern；
（Three）, differential drive pattern be switched to parallel drive pattern：Switching front brake 7 separates, and clutch 6 separates, hair
Motivation 1 works and rotates forward, motor forward or reverse；During switching control clutch 6 close, epicyclic train is locked, system into
Enter parallel drive pattern；
（Four）, parallel drive pattern switching to differential drive pattern：Switching front brake 7 separates, and clutch 6 closes, will
Epicyclic train locks together；Control clutch 6 to separate during switching, epicyclic train is unlocked and is discharged, system enters differential
Drive pattern.
Further hybrid vehicle driving method according to the present invention, wherein under the pure electric vehicle drive pattern
Including following two operating modes：
（1）, pure electric vehicle start：Engine 1 does not work, and the output torque of 5 rotor of motor is acted on gear ring 9, passes through row
Carrier 10 is slowed down and is acted on after torque multiplication on the input shaft of speed changer 8, and vehicle, which is operated alone, by speed changer 8 travels, together
Shi Liyong brakes 7 prevent engine 1 from inverting；
（2）, pure electric vehicle braking：Engine 1 does not work, and motor 5 acts on opposite direction moment of torsion on gear ring 9, passes through planet
Frame slows down and is acted on after torque multiplication on the input shaft of speed changer 8, and brake force, while profit are produced on wheel by speed changer
Prevent engine 1 from inverting with brake 7.
Further hybrid vehicle driving method according to the present invention, wherein being wrapped under the parallel drive pattern
Include following four operating mode：
（1）, engine driving：Engine 1 works, and motor 5 dallies, exports zero moment of torsion, the rotating speed and torsion that engine 1 exports
Square is by being locked into integral epicyclic train 1:1 exports to speed changer 8；
（2）, engine and motor drive jointly：Engine 1 and motor 5 work at the same time, motor 5 and 1 same rotating speed of engine
And output power at the same time, exported after both moment of torsion is superimposed by being locked into integral epicyclic train to speed changer 8；
（3）, engine driving and electric power generation：Engine 1 works, and motor 5, which is in, rotates forward negative torque generating state, starts
The driving torque of machine 1 is exported to speed changer after subtracting each other with the power generation torque of motor 5 by being locked into integral epicyclic train
8；
（4）, engine towing astern and electric power generation in traveling：Vehicle is braked in traveling, and engine stop oil spout, presentation is fallen
Drag, motor 5 enters generating state in a manner of rotating forward negative torque, and the kinetic energy of vehicle is output to planet carrier from speed changer 8, by being locked
It is set to integral epicyclic train shunting output to fall energy expenditure to engine and motor, engine, motor generates electricity energy
Recycling.
Further hybrid vehicle driving method according to the present invention, wherein being wrapped under the differential drive pattern
Include following four operating mode：
（1）, engine 1 rotate forward and export positive-torque, motor 5 rotates forward and exports positive-torque, and motor 5 is defeated with engine 1
Go out rotating speed to couple by planetary gear, and moment of torsion is superimposed exports to speed changer 8；
（2）, engine 1 rotate forward and export positive-torque, motor 5 inverts but exports positive-torque, and motor 5 is defeated with engine 1
Go out rotating speed to couple by planetary gear, and moment of torsion is superimposed exports to speed changer 8；
（3）, motor-powered vehicle starting：Before starting, engine idling, driving sun gear rotate forward, and wheel is in
Inactive state, the speed changer being attached thereto and planet carrier rotating speed are zero, and by the kinematic constraint of epicyclic train, gear ring drives electricity
Machine rotates backward；During starting, engine and motor export positive torque respectively, by the coupling of epicyclic train, are output to change
Vehicle wheel rotation is promoted on fast device, the rotating speed of planet carrier is incrementally increased by zero, while gear ring does positive direction acceleration, and rotating speed is fast by negative value
Speed increase on the occasion of；When gear ring is identical with planet carrier speed, control clutch is closed into parallel drive pattern.
Technical scheme at least has following technological innovation and technique effect：
1）, mixed power automobile driving system provided by the present invention is based on single planetary gear, single motor realizes mixing
The distinctive functional requirement of power vehicle, and greatly reduce integral vehicle cost；
2）, the present invention by innovative impetus coupling device and speed changer, engine it is integrated so that power general construction is tight
Gather, axial dimension is small, and easy to arrange, transplantability is good, and easy to be extended to different platform vehicle, marketing has a extensive future；
In short, hybrid vehicle has taken into account the advantages of internal combustion engine and pure electric automobile, there is low oil consumption, low emission and length
The advantages of exercising mileage, is a kind of current practicable scheme, but since power of motor is lifted, motor size is larger, front deck
The problems such as difficult arrangement, big axial dimension, limits it and effectively applies, while it is also its skill to start engine in the process of moving
One of art difficult point, and mixed power automobile driving system provided by the present invention efficiently solves forerunner's prefix type hybrid power vapour
The arrangement difficulty of car power, while meet the performance requirements of vehicle, particularly for plug-in hybrid-power automobile and
Non- plug-in hybrid-power automobile, while can realize smooth starting engine during traveling, vehicle driving is good, has at the same time
The advantages that high efficiency, cost are low, size is small, good dynamic property.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the overall structure diagram of mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is structural representation letter of the mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention when electric-only mode works
Figure；
Attached drawing 3（a）The engine for being electric-only mode shown in attached drawing 2 under the first operating mode, motor and speed changer
Rotating speed correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 3（b）The rotating speed of the engine for being electric-only mode shown in attached drawing 2 under the second operating mode, motor and speed changer
Correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 4 is structural representation letter of the mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention when paralleling model works
Figure；
Attached drawing 5（a）The engine for being paralleling model shown in attached drawing 4 under the first operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 5（b）The engine for being paralleling model shown in attached drawing 4 under the second operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 5（c）The engine for being paralleling model shown in attached drawing 4 under the 3rd operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 5（d）The engine for being paralleling model shown in attached drawing 4 under the 4th operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 6 is structural representation letter of the mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention when differential pattern works
Figure；
Attached drawing 7（a）The engine for being differential pattern shown in attached drawing 6 under the first operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 7（b）The engine for being differential pattern shown in attached drawing 6 under the second operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 7（c）The engine for being differential pattern shown in attached drawing 6 under the 3rd operating mode, motor and speed changer turn
Fast correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 8 starts engine to idling power generation mould for mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention in parking
The rotating speed correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram of engine, motor and speed changer under formula；
Attached drawing 9 starts and starts under engine mode under steam for mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention
The rotating speed correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram of mechanical, electrical machine and speed changer；
Attached drawing 10 is mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention by differential pattern switching to electric-only mode
The rotating speed correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram of lower engine, motor and speed changer；
Attached drawing 11 is mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention by under differential pattern switching to paralleling model
The rotating speed correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram of engine, motor and speed changer；
Attached drawing 12 is switched under differential pattern for mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention by paralleling model
The rotating speed correspondence and energy flow direction schematic diagram of engine, motor and speed changer；
Attached drawing 13 is switching schematic diagram of the mixed power automobile driving system proposed by the present invention between each pattern；
Attached drawing 14 is the structure diagram of this area epicyclic train.
The implication of each reference numeral is as follows in figure：
1- engines；2- vibration reduction fly wheels；3- electric oil pumps, 4- one-way clutch；5- motors；6- clutches；7- brakes；
8- speed changers；9- gear rings；10- planet carriers；11- sun gears, 12- planetary gears.
The rotating speed correspondence of engine, motor and speed changer wherein under attached drawing 3,5, the various operating modes shown in 7-12
In the lever schematic diagram in energy flow direction：（1）Engine is connected with sun gear, the direction of arrow and length generation in lever diagram
Table engine（Sun gear）Rotary speed direction and velocity magnitude；（2）Motor is connected with gear ring, the direction of arrow and length in lever diagram
Degree represents motor（Gear ring）Rotary speed direction and velocity magnitude；（3）Planet carrier is connected with transmission input shaft, arrow in lever diagram
Head direction and length representative transmission input shaft（Planet carrier）Rotary speed direction and velocity magnitude.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, so that those skilled in the art can be more
Add and be clearly understood from the present invention, but the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention.
Mixed power automobile driving system of the present invention is integrated with single motor and single planetary gear, before being integrated in CVT
In babinet, by the control to clutch, brake, electric-only mode, paralleling model and differential drive pattern are can operate at,
And can realize the multiple functions of hybrid vehicle, such as：Pure motor driving, engine combine driving, engine list with motor
Engine start and stop, motor assist driving, motor cruise power generation, regenerating braking energy in only driving, idling start and stop engine, traveling
Recycling etc..
Specifically as shown in Figure 1, mixed power automobile driving system of the present invention includes engine 1, vibration damping flies
Wheel 2, electric oil pump 3, one-way clutch 4, motor 5, clutch 6, brake 7, speed changer 8, gear ring 9, planet carrier 10, sun gear
11 and the primary of planetary gear 12, wherein the output axis connection vibration reduction fly wheel 2 of engine 1, the secondary connection sun gear of vibration reduction fly wheel 2
11 central shaft, the dither for the engine output that decayed by vibration reduction fly wheel 2, the inner ring of one-way clutch 4 connect sun gear 11
Central shaft, outer ring body contact body（It is not drawn into）, its function is to rotate forward with allowing engine free, but prevents engine anti-
Turning, the setting of one-way clutch can make pattern switching more steady, but not as required component；One termination of brake 7 is too
The central shaft of sun wheel 11, other end body contact body, its function is locking engine；The rotor of motor 5 is coordinated with gear ring 35 with flat key
Connection, the stator of motor 5 are fixed on the housing of speed changer, and the motor is to have two kinds of work(of generator and motor at the same time
The dynamotor of energy.Gear ring 9, planet carrier 10, sun gear 11 and the planetary gear 12 forms epicyclic train, the sun
The peripheral gear of wheel 11 is engaged in some planetary gears 12, and the planetary gear 12 is engaged in the inner ring gear of gear ring 9, and planet carrier 10 connects
The central shaft of each planetary gear 12 is connect, and the rotation based on planetary gear provides power output/input, the central shaft of the sun gear 11
The input/output of power, the single planetary gear system of the operation logic of this epicyclic train with this area shown in attached drawing 14 are provided
Structure, is not described its operation logic at this.The planet carrier 10 is connected with the input shaft of speed changer 8 by spline, described
The both ends of clutch 6 are connected with planet carrier 10 and gear ring 9 respectively, and the clutch 6 uses wet clutch, by controlling clutch
The separation and engagement of device 6, can realize the speed Control to epicyclic train, i.e., when clutch 6 is in discrete state, planet
Frame 10 and gear ring 9 separate, and epicyclic train runs well, and when clutch 6 is in engagement state, planet carrier 10 and gear ring 9 connect
Close, whole epicyclic train is in locking state, and sun gear, planetary gear, planet carrier and gear ring are locked in overall together at this time
Synchronize rotation, whole epicyclic train is by planet carrier 10 by speed changer into action edge transmission；The speed changer is any
A kind of automatic transmission, not including fluid torque-converter, but retains original advance reverse clutch structure, it can be achieved that advancing, reversing gear
And gear ratio function.The energy storage device being connected with motor is additionally included, when being used for collecting motor as engine
The electric energy of generation.Collectively formed by the epicyclic train, motor, brake, one-way clutch and clutch applied to this hair
Dynamic coupling device in the bright drive system, this dynamic coupling device connection engine and speed changer, and it is integrated in change
In the preceding babinet of fast device.Closely, integrated level is high for above-mentioned mixed power automobile driving system assembly structure provided by the invention,
It disclosure satisfy that vehicle front deck arrangement space demand.Whole drive system is using single motor mechanism, and under normal circumstances, pure electric vehicle is driven
Engine, process auxiliary drive and cruise power generation is started during dynamic, traveling all to complete by motor 5.Engine and power coupling
Attach together and vibration reduction fly wheel is housed between putting, stabilize dither when cold start-up and other engines of startup in special circumstances.From
Clutch uses multi-disc wet clutch, can control its driving torque by controlling oil pressure, complete to start during travelling and start
The function of machine.Hydraulic system is by the way of mechanical oil pump and electric oil pump combine, in the vehicle starting stage, entire car controller control
Electric oil pump 3 processed works, and establishes speed changer oil pressure, realizes vehicle gentle start function, speed changer retain original advance reverse gear from
Clutch structure, realizes vehicle advance, reverse gear function.
Mixed power automobile driving system based on single motor proposed by the invention can realize whole hybrid power work(
Can, including pure motor driving, engine start, power-assisted, regenerative braking and speed governing driving etc. function, by clutch,
When the control of brake can realize the switching, especially high speed of each operating mode, clutch can be combined, into simultaneously gang mould
Formula, can further improve the dynamic property of vehicle, specifically be realized based on mixed power automobile driving system of the present invention
Driving method includes following operating mode and the following a variety of working statuses realized based on each operating mode and power function：
First, pure electric vehicle drive pattern, as shown in Figure 2, in this mode, control clutch 6 is in discrete state, controls
Brake 7 is in braking closure state.Under pure electric vehicle drive pattern, including following two operating modes：
（1）, the first operating mode is that pure electric vehicle starts under the pattern：Engine 1 does not work, motor 5 is individually driven by speed changer 8
Motor-car travels.The output torque of 5 rotor of motor is acted on gear ring 9, is slowed down by planet carrier 10（Moment of torsion amplifies）After act on
On the input shaft of speed changer 8, acted on by gear ring gear, planetary gear 12 acts on reactive torque on sun gear 11, tendency
In rotating backward engine 1, but brake 7 is in closure on-position and one-way clutch 4 is also at working status, can be with
Prevent engine 1 from inverting, the energy that such motor 5 exports is flowed to the input shaft of speed changer 8, led to by gear ring 9 and planet carrier 10
Cross speed changer 8 and vehicle traveling, attached drawing 3 is operated alone（a）Provide the speed lever diagram of engine, motor and speed changer under the operating mode
With energy flow direction schematic diagram.
（2）, second of operating mode is pure electric vehicle braking under the pattern（Regenerating braking energy recycles）：Engine 1 does not work, electricity
Machine 5 applies braking torque by speed changer 8, while produces electricl energy and be stored in energy storage device（Storage battery）In, realize energy regeneration
Damped condition.Specifically, engine 1 does not work, 5 opposite direction moment of torsion of motor is acted on gear ring 9, is slowed down by planet carrier（Turn round
Square amplifies）Act on afterwards on the input shaft of speed changer 8, brake force is finally produced on wheel；Acted on by gear ring gear, planet
Wheel 12 acts on positive torque on sun gear 11, it is intended to and engine is rotated forward, but brake 7 closes, by engine
Locking, can prevent engine rotation so that motor 5 recovers energy as much as possible, the kinetic energy of vehicle along speed changer, OK
Carrier and gear ring flow direction motor, such as attached drawing 3（b）The speed lever diagram of shown engine, motor and speed changer and energy flow side
To schematic diagram.
2nd, parallel drive pattern, as shown in Figure 4, in this mode, control brake 7 be in discrete state, unidirectionally from
Clutch 4 is in free state, control clutch 6 is in closure state, and epicyclic train is in locking state, the i.e. sun at this time
Wheel, planetary gear, planet carrier and gear ring are locked in be rotated together, under parallel drive pattern, including following four operating mode：
（1）, the first operating mode is engine driving under the pattern：Engine 1 works, motor 5 do not work idle running, output zero
Moment of torsion, the rotating speed and moment of torsion that engine 1 exports pass through epicyclic train 1:1 exports to speed changer 8, and energy stream is defeated from engine
Go out, speed changer 8, attached drawing 5 are output to by being locked into integral epicyclic train（a）Provide engine, electricity under this operating mode
The speed lever diagram and energy flow direction schematic diagram of machine and speed changer.
（2）, second of operating mode drives jointly for engine and motor under the pattern：Engine 1 and motor 5 work at the same time,
Motor 5 and engine 1 with rotating speed and at the same time output power, are exported to speed change after both moment of torsion is superimposed by epicyclic train
Device, energy stream are exported from engine and motor respectively, and speed changer, attached drawing are output to by being locked into integral epicyclic train
5（b）Give the speed lever diagram and energy flow direction schematic diagram of engine, motor and speed changer under this operating mode.
（3）, under the pattern the third operating mode be engine driving, electric power generation：Engine 1 works, and motor 5, which is in, to be rotated forward
Negative torque generating state（Motor is set to be in generator mode by Electromagnetic Control, using moment of torsion electricity generating principle compared with generator,
It is not described here in detail）, the driving torque of engine 1 and the power generation torque of motor 5 are exported to speed changer 8 after subtracting each other；Energy stream from
Engine exports, and by being locked into integral planetary gears, shunting is output to speed changer and motor, attached drawing 5（c）Provide
The speed lever diagram and energy flow direction schematic diagram of engine, motor and speed changer under this operating mode.
（4）, the 4th kind of operating mode is engine towing astern, electric power generation in traveling under the pattern：Run at high speed in paralleling model
When, vehicle braking, engine stop oil spout, is presented towing astern；Motor 5 enters generating state in a manner of rotating forward negative torque, by vehicle
Kinetic energy be converted into electric energy, be stored in storage battery；Energy stream is output to planet carrier from speed changer 8, by being locked into integral row
Star gear train is fallen energy expenditure being output to engine and motor, engine, and motor is then by energy regenerating, attached drawing 5（d）Provide
The speed lever diagram and energy flow direction schematic diagram of engine, motor and speed changer under this operating mode.
3rd, differential drive pattern, as shown in Figure 6, in this mode, control clutch 6 be in discrete state, unidirectionally from
Clutch 4 is in free state, and control brake 7 is in discrete state, and planetary gear is in speed couple state at this time, can be divided into attached
Three kinds of operating modes shown in Fig. 7：
（1）, the first operating mode under the pattern：Such as Fig. 7（a）Shown, engine 1 rotates forward and exports positive-torque, and motor 5 rotates forward
And export positive-torque；Motor 5 is coupled with the output speed of engine 1 by planetary gear, and moment of torsion is superimposed exports to speed changer
8, speed lever diagram and energy flow the direction such as attached drawing 7 between engine, motor and speed changer（a）It is shown.
（2）, second of operating mode under the pattern：Engine 1 rotates forward and exports positive-torque, and motor 5 is rotated backward but exported just
Moment of torsion；Motor 5 is coupled with the output speed of engine 1 by planetary gear, and two positive torques are superimposed exports to speed changer
8, speed lever diagram and energy flow the direction such as attached drawing 7 between engine, motor and speed changer（a）It is shown.
（3）, the third operating mode under the pattern：Under differential drive pattern, started to walk by motor-powered vehicle.Before starting, hair
Motivation idling, driving sun gear rotate forward；Wheel remains static, and the speed changer and planet carrier rotating speed being attached thereto are
Zero；By the kinematic constraint of epicyclic train, gear ring drives motor to rotate backward 1., and during starting, engine and motor difference are defeated
Go out positive torque, by the coupling of epicyclic train, be delivered on planet carrier, be output to speed changer, promote vehicle wheel rotation, planet
The rotating speed of frame is incrementally increased by zero；Gear ring does positive direction acceleration at the same time, and rotating speed is by negative value（Reversion）Rapid increase, become on the occasion of
（Rotate forward）②；When gear ring is identical with planet carrier speed, control clutch 6 closes, and 3. system enters parallel drive pattern, start
Speed lever diagram and energy flow direction such as attached drawing 7 between mechanical, electrical machine and speed changer（c）It is shown.
In addition mixed power automobile driving system of the present invention can also realize that parking starts engine to idling and generates electricity
Mutual switching working mode between pattern and differential drive pattern, paralleling model and electric-only mode, attached drawing 8 open for parking
Speed lever diagram and the signal of energy flow direction under dynamic engine to idling power generation mode between engine, motor and speed changer
Figure, speed changer 8 hang P gears or N grades, the reverse clutch in speed changer 8（It is not drawn into）Separation, while control clutch 6 to close, electricity
Machine 5, which rotates forward, starts engine 1, and after engine start, motor 5 enters power generation mode, and energy stream is sent from engine, by being locked
It is set to integral planetary gears, is output to motor.
Attached drawing 9, which gives, starts engine in traveling, that is, is converted into paralleling model driving by electric-only mode driving
Process：Before startup, engine 1 is static, brake 7 locks, clutch 6 separates, motor 5 rotates forward, sun gear 11, planet
It is 1. shown in the speed lever diagram such as attached drawing 9 of frame 10 and gear ring 9；During startup, brake 7 is separated, at this moment one-way clutch 4 limits
Engine reversion processed；Then in conjunction with clutch 6, epicyclic train is locked, and by sun gear, drags engine rotation and sprays
Oil drop fire, it is 2. shown in the speed lever diagram such as attached drawing 9 of sun gear, planet carrier and gear ring into parallel drive pattern.
Attached drawing 10 gives the process that pure electric drive mode is switched to by differential drive pattern.Before switching, vehicle is with differential
Drive pattern travels, and brake 7 separates, and clutch 6 separates, and engine 1 works and rotates forward, 1. motor is rotated forward or inverted 2.；Cut
When changing, engine 1 is closed, brake 7 closes and locks engine, and motor speed has increased, and system enters pure electric drive mould
Formula is 3..
Attached drawing 11 provides the process that parallel drive pattern is switched to by differential drive pattern.Before switching, vehicle is driven with differential
Dynamic model formula travels, and brake 7 separates, and clutch 6 separates, and engine 1 works and rotates forward, 1. motor is rotated forward or inverted 2.；Switching
When, clutch 6 closes, and sun gear, gear ring and planet carrier are locked together, 3. system enters parallel drive pattern.
Attached drawing 12 provides the process to differential drive pattern by parallel drive pattern switching.Before switching, vehicle is driven with parallel connection
Dynamic model formula travels, and brake 7 separates, and clutch 6 closes, 1. sun gear, gear ring and planet carrier are locked together；During switching,
Clutch 6 separates, and sun gear, planet carrier and gear ring are discharged, 2. system enters differential drive pattern.
Mixed power automobile driving system provided by the present invention is by control brake, the working status of clutch, no
But electric-only mode, paralleling model and differential drive pattern can be run on, and can be switched between these patterns, from
And hybrid electric vehicle is can operate at various working and combine driving, engine list with motor including pure motor driving, engine
Engine start and stop, motor assist driving, motor cruise power generation, regenerating braking energy in only driving, idling start and stop engine, traveling
Recycling etc., attached drawing 13 specifically give each function switch signal that the mixed power automobile driving system based on the present invention can be realized
Figure, it is illustrated that in pure electric drive, braking be linked into advance for clutch separation, speed changer without the condition that towing astern, engine are started to walk or fall
Shelves pattern；Pure machine driving（Engine is operated alone）, cruise power generation, electromechanical dual-drive moves, braking+towing astern realizes that condition is clutch
Device combines, speed changer is linked into advance or reverse gear mode etc..
Mixed power automobile driving system provided by the present invention is introduced by epicyclic train, motor, braking by innovating
The dynamic coupling device that device, one-way clutch and clutch collectively form, using this dynamic coupling device connection engine and
Speed changer, by the working status for controlling clutch and brake so that hybrid vehicle can run on a variety of power and drive
It is dynamic to transmit operating mode, the arrangement difficulty of forerunner's prefix type hybrid electric vehicle power is efficiently solved, while meet vehicle
Performance requirements, particularly for plug-in hybrid-power automobile and non-plug-in hybrid-power automobile, while can be real
It is existing sail during smooth starting engine, vehicle driving is good, while has that efficient, cost is low, size is small, good dynamic property
The advantages that.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that the present invention implements and from aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress is employed, or without changing
Other occasions are directly applied into by the design of the present invention and technical solution, within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. mixed power automobile driving system, it is characterised in that including：Engine（1）, motor（5）, clutch（6）, system Dynamic device（7）, speed changer（8）, gear ring（9）, planet carrier（10）, sun gear（11）, planetary gear（12）And housing；The engine (1) shaft connection sun gear（11）Axis；The brake（7）One end connection sun gear（11）Axis, the other end Housing is connected, for locking engine rotation；The sun gear（11）It is engaged in the planetary gear（12）, the planetary gear（12） It is engaged in the gear ring（9）, the planet carrier（10）Connect the planetary gear（12）, by the gear ring（9）, planet carrier（10）、 Sun gear（11）Epicyclic train, the planet carrier are formed with planetary gear (12)（10）Connect speed changer（8）Shaft, it is described from Clutch（6）One end connect the planet carrier（10）, the clutch（6）The other end connect the gear ring（9）, the motor （5）There are power generation and electric functions and include stator and rotor at the same time, the motor（5）Rotor connect the gear ring（9）, The motor（5）Stator be fixed on housing, while the system is single electric machine structure；Before the speed changer can be realized Into, reverse gear and gear ratio function；The clutch（6）For multi-disc wet clutch, and the clutch（6）Institute can be locked Epicyclic train is stated, i.e., when the clutch（6）During in discrete state, the planet carrier（10）And gear ring（9）Separation, works as institute State clutch（6）During in bonding state, the planet carrier（10）And gear ring（9）With reference to the epicyclic train is locked in one Rise and carry out unitary rotation；Vibration reduction fly wheel is further included（2）, the shaft connection vibration reduction fly wheel of the engine (1)（2）Primary, the vibration damping Flywheel（2）Secondary connect the sun gear（11）Axis, pass through the vibration reduction fly wheel（2）The high frequency of decay engine output Vibration.
- 2. mixed power automobile driving system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the epicyclic train is single Planetary gear structure.
- 3. according to claim 1,2 any one of them mixed power automobile driving systems, it is characterised in that further included unidirectional Clutch（4）, the inner ring connection sun gear of the one-way clutch（11）Axis, the one-way clutch outer end connection shell Body, for ensuring that engine is nonreversible and pattern switching is steady.
- 4. a kind of hybrid vehicle carried out using claim 1-3 any one of them mixed power automobile driving system is driven Dynamic method, it is characterised in that the driving method includes controlling the mixed power automobile driving system to be in following Working mould One of formula：（One）, pure electric vehicle drive pattern：Control the clutch（6）In discrete state, the brake is controlled（7）In system Dynamic closure state；（Two）, parallel drive pattern：Control the brake（7）In discrete state, the clutch is controlled（6）In closure State, by the clutch locks epicyclic train, will the sun gear, planetary gear, planet carrier and gear ring be locked in one Rise；（Three）, differential drive pattern：Control clutch（6）In discrete state, control brake（7）In discrete state.
- 5. hybrid vehicle driving method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the driving method further includes control Make the mixed power automobile driving system and be in one of following work-mode switching process：（One）, pure electric vehicle drive pattern switch to parallel drive pattern：Switch front engine（1）Static, brake（7）Closure, Clutch（6）Separation, motor（5）Rotate forward, control brake during switching（7）Separation, controls clutch（6）Close planet Gear train locks, and drags engine rotation and oil spout igniting by sun gear, into parallel drive pattern；（Two）, differential drive pattern switch to pure electric vehicle drive pattern：Switch front brake（7）Separation, clutch（6）Separation, Engine（1）Work and rotate forward, motor forward or reverse；Engine is closed during switching（1）, control brake（7）Closed-lock Engine, motor speed increase enter pure electric vehicle drive pattern；（Three）, differential drive pattern be switched to parallel drive pattern：Switch front brake（7）Separation, clutch（6）Separation, hair Motivation（1）Work and rotate forward, motor forward or reverse；Clutch is controlled during switching（6）Closure, epicyclic train is locked, is System enters parallel drive pattern；（Four）, parallel drive pattern switching to differential drive pattern：Switch front brake（7）Separation, clutch（6）Closure, will Epicyclic train locks together；Clutch is controlled during switching（6）Separation, epicyclic train is unlocked and is discharged, and it is poor that system enters Fast drive pattern.
- 6. hybrid vehicle driving method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that wherein described pure electric vehicle is driven Include following two operating modes under dynamic model formula：（1）, pure electric vehicle start：Engine（1）Do not work, motor（5）The output torque of rotor acts on gear ring（9）On, pass through Planet carrier（10）Slow down and act on speed changer after torque multiplication（8）Input shaft on, pass through speed changer（8）Vehicle is operated alone Traveling, while utilize brake（7）Prevent engine（1）Reversion；（2）, pure electric vehicle braking：Engine（1）Do not work, motor（5）Opposite direction moment of torsion is acted on into gear ring（9）On, pass through row Carrier slows down and acts on speed changer after torque multiplication（8）Input shaft on, brake force is produced on wheel by speed changer, together Shi Liyong brakes（7）Prevent engine（1）Reversion.
- 7. hybrid vehicle driving method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that wherein described parallel drive Include following four operating mode under pattern：（1）, engine driving：Engine（1）Work, motor（5）Idle running, zero moment of torsion of output, engine（1）The rotating speed of output and Moment of torsion is by being locked into integral epicyclic train 1:1 exports to speed changer（8）；（2）, engine and motor drive jointly：Engine（1）And motor（5）Work at the same time, motor（5）With engine（1）Together Rotating speed and at the same time output power, are exported to speed changer after both moment of torsion is superimposed by being locked into integral epicyclic train （8）；（3）, engine driving and electric power generation：Engine（1）Work, motor（5）In negative torque generating state is rotated forward, start Machine（1）Driving torque and motor（5）Power generation torque subtract each other after exported by being locked into integral epicyclic train to change Fast device（8）；（4）, engine towing astern and electric power generation in traveling：Vehicle is braked in traveling, engine stop oil spout, and towing astern, electricity is presented Machine（5）Enter generating state in a manner of rotating forward negative torque, the kinetic energy of vehicle is from speed changer（8）Planet carrier is output to, by being locked It is set to integral epicyclic train shunting output to fall energy expenditure to engine and motor, engine, motor generates electricity energy Recycling.
- 8. hybrid vehicle driving method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that wherein described differential driving Include following four operating mode under pattern：（1）, engine（1）Rotate forward and export positive-torque, motor（5）Rotate forward and export positive-torque, motor（5）With engine（1） Output speed coupled by planetary gear, and moment of torsion is superimposed exports to speed changer（8）；（2）, engine（1）Rotate forward and export positive-torque, motor（5）Reversion but output positive-torque, motor（5）With engine（1） Output speed coupled by planetary gear, and moment of torsion is superimposed exports to speed changer（8）；（3）, motor-powered vehicle starting：Before starting, engine idling, driving sun gear rotate forward, and wheel is in static State, the speed changer being attached thereto and planet carrier rotating speed are zero, and by the kinematic constraint of epicyclic train, gear ring drives motor anti- To rotation；During starting, engine and motor export positive torque respectively, by the coupling of epicyclic train, are output to speed changer Upper promotion vehicle wheel rotation, the rotating speed of planet carrier are incrementally increased by zero, while gear ring does positive direction acceleration, and rotating speed is increased rapidly by negative value Great achievement on the occasion of；When gear ring is identical with planet carrier speed, control clutch is closed into parallel drive pattern.
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