CN104814038A - 一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法 - Google Patents
一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，包括以下步骤：(1)种子消毒；(2)育苗期防治；(3)定植期防治；(4)生长期防治；(5)田间管理。本防治方法先通过种子消毒再结合植株不同时期的病虫害以及田间管理进行综合防治，充分抑制和杀死植株多种病害以及虫害，保证植株较高的成活率、茂盛生长，同时提高植株的产量和质量，实现增产增收的目的；此外，本防治方法简单、易于操作。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农作物栽培技术领域，具体涉及一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法。
背景技术
芹菜，别名芹、早芹、香芹、蒲芹、药芹菜、野芫荽，属伞形科植物。芹菜有水芹、旱芹两种，功能相近，药用以旱芹为佳。芹菜富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、胡萝卜素、B族维生素、钙、磷、铁、钠等营养元素，叶茎中还含有药效成分的芹菜苷、佛手苷内酯和挥发油，具有平肝清热、祛风利湿、除烦消肿、凉血止血、解毒宣肺、健胃利血、清肠利便、润肺止咳、降低血压、健脑镇静等功效，常吃芹菜对预防高血压、动脉硬化等都十分有益，并有辅助治疗作用。因此，芹菜深受广大消费者的喜爱。
芹菜一般是在每年9～12月份播种，其生长要求阴凉湿润的环境，种子发芽适宜温度为15～20℃，耐弱光，在高温和强光中造成纤维素增加，渣多品质差，低温长日照促使花芽分化，不易产生纤维素，使芹菜清香脆嫩；芹菜喜水，根系浅，吸水能力弱，要求土壤湿润，适合种植于富含有机质、保水保肥能力强的壤土、粘壤土中。芹菜在整个栽培过程中可主要分为育苗期、定植期、生长期三个阶段，而这几个阶段发生的病虫害种类繁多，主要有斑枯病、叶斑病、病毒病、菌核病、软腐病、根结线虫病等等，发生的病毒病是具有毁灭性的，若不能及时采取综合防治措施，减少病害的发生，将造成番茄减收甚至停收，导致经济损失。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种方法合理、易于操作实施、效果显著的综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)种子消毒：选择抗病、耐病性良好的品种，播种3～5天前用0.1％硫酸铜溶液浸种5min，捞出后用55℃温水浸泡10min进行催芽，再用55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂混合液进行拌种；
(2)育苗期防治：播种前深翻土壤，育苗时在育苗畦内施10％粒满库颗粒剂75kg/hm2或5％粒满库颗粒剂150k/hm2，种子覆土后喷洒50％多菌灵500倍液；
(3)定植期防治：幼苗定植时在种植穴内以每亩1～2kg的量撒入石灰，定植后10～15d，喷洒5％百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液和50％速克灵混合液；
(4)生长期防治：当植株叶面积迅速扩大、叶柄迅速伸长时喷洒64％杀毒矾可湿性粉剂500倍液或12％绿乳铜乳油500倍液、50％甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍液或77％可杀得可湿性粉剂量500倍液、5％百菌清粉尘剂15kg/hm2或50％扑海因、10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂混合药液，隔9～12d防治1次，连续或交替喷施2～3次；
(5)田间管理：栽培全程中注意通风排水、降低湿度，同时彻底清理病残株，集中烧毁或深埋。
作为优选技术方案，为了可彻底去除种子病害，同时防止种子发生药害，所述步骤(2)中55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂的用量为种子重量的0.2％～0.3％。
作为优选技术方案，为了增强病虫害的防治效果，以利于提高产量、质量，从而达到增产增收的目的，所述步骤(4)混合药液掺入新高脂膜800倍液。
本发明具有的有益效果：本防治方法先通过种子消毒再结合植株不同时期的病虫害以及田间管理进行综合防治，充分抑制和杀死植株多种病害以及虫害，保证植株较高的成活率、茂盛生长，同时提高植株的产量和质量，实现增产增收的目的；此外，本防治方法简单、易于操作。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步地说明。
实施例1
一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)种子消毒：选择抗病、耐病性良好的品种，播种3天前用0.1％硫酸铜溶液浸种5min，捞出后用55℃温水浸泡10min进行催芽，再用55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂混合液进行拌种，混合液的用量为种子重量的0.2％；
(2)育苗期防治：播种前深翻土壤，育苗时在育苗畦内施10％粒满库颗粒剂75kg/hm2，种子覆土后喷洒50％多菌灵500倍液；
(3)定植期防治：幼苗定植时在种植穴内以每亩1kg的量撒入石灰，定植后10d，喷洒5％百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液和50％速克灵混合液；
(4)生长期防治：当植株叶面积迅速扩大、叶柄迅速伸长时喷洒64％杀毒矾可湿性粉剂500倍液、50％甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍液、5％百菌清粉尘剂15kg/hm2、10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂混合药液，隔9d防治1次，连续喷施2次；
(5)田间管理：栽培全程中注意通风排水、降低湿度，同时彻底清理病残株，集中烧毁或深埋。
实施例2
一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)种子消毒：选择抗病、耐病性良好的品种，播种3天前用0.1％硫酸铜溶液浸种5min，捞出后用55℃温水浸泡10min进行催芽，再用55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂混合液进行拌种，混合液的用量为种子重量的0.3％；
(2)育苗期防治：播种前深翻土壤，育苗时在育苗畦内施5％粒满库颗粒剂150k/hm2，种子覆土后喷洒50％多菌灵500倍液；
(3)定植期防治：幼苗定植时在种植穴内以每亩2kg的量撒入石灰，定植后12d，喷洒5％百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液和50％速克灵混合液；
(4)生长期防治：当植株叶面积迅速扩大、叶柄迅速伸长时喷洒12％绿乳铜乳油500倍液、50％甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍液、5％百菌清粉尘剂15kg/hm2、10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂混合药液，隔10d防治1次，连续喷施3次；
(5)田间管理：栽培全程中注意通风排水、降低湿度，同时彻底清理病残株，集中烧毁或深埋。
实施例3
一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)种子消毒：选择抗病、耐病性良好的品种，播种4天前用0.1％硫酸铜溶液浸种5min，捞出后用55℃温水浸泡10min进行催芽，再用55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂混合液进行拌种；
(2)育苗期防治：播种前深翻土壤，育苗时在育苗畦内施10％粒满库颗粒剂75kg/hm2，种子覆土后喷洒50％多菌灵500倍液；
(3)定植期防治：幼苗定植时在种植穴内以每亩2kg的量撒入石灰，定植后13d，喷洒5％百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液和50％速克灵混合液；
(4)生长期防治：当植株叶面积迅速扩大、叶柄迅速伸长时喷洒12％绿乳铜乳油500倍液、77％可杀得可湿性粉剂量500倍液、50％扑海因、10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、新高脂膜800倍液混合药液，隔11d防治1次，连续喷施3次；
(5)田间管理：栽培全程中注意通风排水、降低湿度，同时彻底清理病残株，集中烧毁或深埋。
实施例4
一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)种子消毒：选择抗病、耐病性良好的品种，播种5天前用0.1％硫酸铜溶液浸种5min，捞出后用55℃温水浸泡10min进行催芽，再用55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂混合液进行拌种；
(2)育苗期防治：播种前深翻土壤，育苗时在育苗畦内施5％粒满库颗粒剂150k/hm2，种子覆土后喷洒50％多菌灵500倍液；
(3)定植期防治：幼苗定植时在种植穴内以每亩2kg的量撒入石灰，定植后15d，喷洒5％百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液和50％速克灵混合液；
(4)生长期防治：当植株叶面积迅速扩大、叶柄迅速伸长时喷洒64％杀毒矾可湿性粉剂500倍液、77％可杀得可湿性粉剂量500倍液、5％百菌清粉尘剂15kg/hm2、10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、新高脂膜800倍液混合药液，隔12d防治1次，连续喷施3次；
(5)田间管理：栽培全程中注意通风排水、降低湿度，同时彻底清理病残株，集中烧毁或深埋。
应当指出，以上案例仅是本发明有代表性的例子。显然，本发明的技术方案并不限于上述实施例，还可以有许多变性。
Claims (3)
1.一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)种子消毒：选择抗病、耐病性良好的品种，播种3～5天前用0.1％硫酸铜溶液浸种5min，捞出后用55℃温水浸泡10min进行催芽，再用55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂混合液进行拌种；
(2)育苗期防治：播种前深翻土壤，育苗时在育苗畦内施10％粒满库颗粒剂75kg/hm2或5％粒满库颗粒剂150k/hm2，种子覆土后喷洒50％多菌灵500倍液；
(3)定植期防治：幼苗定植时在种植穴内以每亩1～2kg的量撒入石灰，定植后10～15d，喷洒5％百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液、50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液和50％速克灵混合液；
(4)生长期防治：当植株叶面积迅速扩大、叶柄迅速伸长时喷洒64％杀毒矾可湿性粉剂500倍液或12％绿乳铜乳油500倍液、50％甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍液或77％可杀得可湿性粉剂量500倍液、5％百菌清粉尘剂15kg/hm2或50％扑海因、10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂混合药液，隔9～12d防治1次，连续或交替喷施2～3次；
(5)田间管理：栽培全程中注意通风排水、降低湿度，同时彻底清理病残株，集中烧毁或深埋。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中55％苯来特可湿性粉与5％吡虫琳可湿性粉剂的用量为种子重量的0.2％～0.3％。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种综合防治芹菜病虫害的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(4)混合药液掺入新高脂膜800倍液。
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